Mosque Design Research Articles

Speech intelligibility evaluation of small-scale mosque with multiple domes design

PurposeMosques are built with dome-shaped ceilings for communal worship with common architectural styles worldwide for prayer. Since the acoustics of worship buildings are just as significant as their aesthetics, they should enhance people’s sense of hearing. This study evaluates the speech intelligibility of a small mosque with multiple domes to determine the space acoustic conditions.Design/methodology/approachThe investigation involved extensive literature reviews to collect relevant data to model the case study. The Enhanced Acoustics Simulator for Engineers (EASE) software program was used to integrate critical parameters such as the absorption coefficient of materials, dome shapes and the number of domes in the simulation. The study employed speech intelligibility parameters such as C50, S.T.I. and %ALcons to assess the acoustic conditions. The assessment model was validated through statistical analysis and a paired t-test.FindingsThe study discovered that varying shapes of the multiple domes showed no significant impact on speech intelligibility. However, different multiple domes materials resulted in significant disparities in speech intelligibility. Applying high-absorption materials in multiple dome designs achieved the most effective acoustic performance. Except for C50 in some circumstances and receiver positions, all other alternatives met the optimal value for overall speech intelligibility because the sound was not sufficiently diffused early on, suggesting that the early reflection sounds were either weak or insufficient.Originality/valueThis study not only helps to determine the multiple-dome effect on mosque acoustics but also empowers archaeoacoustics and historic conservation by documenting these significant places of worship. The findings advocate using high-absorption materials in multiple dome designs and offer practical insight into mosque design material selection. By enhancing the understanding of the acoustic conditions in small-scale mosques, this study equips architects, engineers and builders with the knowledge to create spaces prioritizing speech clarity and intelligibility.

Optimizing green sustainable mosque criteria : A case study of Trisakti University nagrak campus mosque design

Trisakti University initiated a campus master plan that elevates the criteria of green buildings in its planning. One of the facilities in the master plan is the campus mosque. In the modern era, the roof design of the mosque tries to get out from the paradigm of the Andalusian and Mediterranean domed roofs. This study aims to determine optimal design strategies for implementing the green building concept on campus mosque design. Simulation methods are applied using Autodesk Revit to create the main mosque design of Trisakti University Nagrak Campus. BIM models can be more accurately integrated into simulated, analyzed, and decided schematic designs. Based on the simulation results of the square bowl roof design, it optimized the maximum power obtained from Photovoltaic is 1.369.104 kWh/year and can harvest rainwater 22,507,929.6 Liters per year. In Addition, in the surrounding parks, which can be used as additional outdoor prayer spaces, the concept of integrated bio-pores and composter is applied, which can increase the absorption of rainwater that precipitates in the surrounding area of the mosque, increase groundwater reserves in the environment, and maximalize sustainable mosque design.

Reading the Examples of Modern Mosques in Turkey Through Semiotics

Abstract In this study, three different mosques built after the modern period in Türkiye are analysed from an architectural point of view. The aim of the research is to make sense of the messages intended to be conveyed through worship structures and to read the messages conveyed through these structures within the framework of semiotic theory. Using the semiotic method, each building is analysed in terms of context and environment analysis, design principles and style, function, plan scheme, spatial analysis, structure, facade character and symbolic forms. In addition, the buildings are analysed in terms of Günther Fischer’s value criteria (location, size-measure, material, form, arrangement) and Ferdinand de Saussure’s semiotics. The method will help us understand the multidimensional meanings of architectural structures, and the importance of the study is emphasised by the fact that it provides a better understanding of the place of these structures in the cultural and social context. This research makes an important contribution to the understanding of the approaches followed in modern mosque designs and shows how the messages conveyed through architectural structures can be interpreted using semiotic theory. By shedding light on the design processes of modern mosques, it reveals the decisive role of context in this process. As a result of the evaluation, it is concluded that context is the most influential factor in modern mosque design, while other elements are shaped based on context.

ISLAMIC AND WESTERN HYBRID SYMBOLS IN CONTEMPORARY MOSQUE ARCHITECTURE IN INDONESIA'S REFORM ERA

In Indonesia, there is an ongoing trend toward a rise in modern mosque architecture without domes and traditional identity. Although contemporary mosque architecture is increasing in Indonesia and the world, the concept still generates debate among Islamic society and intellectuals. This study aims to analyze how the conception of symbols and meaning, the architectural style of contemporary mosques in the Indonesian Reformation Era can be accepted by society. The study method is qualitative, by applying library and research field studies. Procedure data collection using method interview, observation, and documentation. The objects of his research are the Assamawaat Mosque-Tangerang, Muhammadiyah PP A-Tanrim Mosque-Central Jakarta, Jami' Darussalam Mosque-Central Jakarta, Al Azhar Bekasi Mosque, Asmaul Husna Bekasi Mosque, Al Safar KM88 Mosque-Cipularang, Merapi Mosque-Jogyakarta, Al Ikhlas Mosque /Honeycomb-Sidoarjo's. This research applied the theory of Roland Bartes semiotic approach; the sacred and profane meaning, Charles Jenks theory to obtain the Symbol Theory of contemporary mosque architectural styles in the Indonesian reform era, and Sayyed H Nasr for Philosophy of Islamic architecture. The findings and results of the study are Contemporary Mosque Architecture in Indonesia, Symbolizing the Hybrid of Islam, and the West. So, Islamic and Western cultures live and develop well in Indonesia. I recommend the results of this research to architectural practitioners, academics, and the public to be applied to contemporary mosque designs.

BEAUTIFYING MOSQUES, ENHANCING WORSHIP: THE FIQH PERSPECTIVE OF FOUR MADHHABS AND MUHAMMAD IQBAL'S AESTHETIC CONCEPT

Muslims recognize the significance of mosques as sites of worship and as centers for their religious and other activities. Various efforts are organized and designed to make mosques relevant to cultural changes and the needs of Muslims. Mosque buildings are often not identical in each region and nation, with different customs and cultures, and are sometimes even similar to other religions. In addition, the temptation of capitalism also raises questions about mosque designs that are overly grand and problematic for the socio-economic life of the community. This article aims to interrogate whether such a well-built mosque is permissible from the perspective of scholars of the four madhhabs of fiqh and the aesthetics of Muhammad Iqbal. Thus, this research uses descriptive-interpretive and textual methods to scrutinize fiqh views and analyze Iqbal's aesthetic perspective on the mosque building. The study revealed that the four madhhabs allow decorations on mosque buildings so that the mosque remains the principal place of worship and does not inconvenience the solemnity of the congregation's prayers. Furthermore, the mosque's decoration, ornamentation, design, and construction must provide meaningful objectives with practical usefulness and philosophical value; otherwise, for Iqbal, decorating a mosque in excess is wasteful and unavailing, and embellishing a mosque means squandering time and money.

Application and trends of motifs and styles on mosque ornamentation in Malaysia: from traditional to global

Mosque architecture in Malaysia has experienced a phase of development from the 16th century to the present. Moreover, mosque design and styles have various typologies which are heavily influenced by sociocultural factors. The diversity of the architectural design of this mosque also displays the development of Islamic culture and civilization which contains various historical backgrounds and influences, as well as having different timelines. However, this diversity of architectural language creates confusion about identity in the Malaysian mosque scenario. The study also found that there is a lack of documentation studies on the development of ornamentation that includes mosque architecture from the traditional to the global era. Therefore, this study aims to document the development of mosque ornamentation in six different eras in Malaysia and obtain the evolution in the application of motifs and styles. The study consists of 28 case studies of a selected iconic mosque which represent six different eras and adopted mix method strategy including content analysis and frequency analysis to track the pattern of changes and trends. The research findings show that changes in ornamentation involve several factors such as regional, colonialism, political, economic, and sociocultural has shaped the influences and styles of Malaysian mosques. This study also important in explaining the development of aesthetic preference and the application of ornamentation across the eras as well as classifying the style of ornamentation in each era of architecture to enrich the discourse of architecture in Malaysia and build a framework of ornamental design features that have a national identity.

A Documentation of Environmentally Sustainable Mosque in Malaysia

Numerous mosques design in Malaysia disregards the environment which makes the mosque less comfort. For the past 30 years, mosque designs in Malaysia have evolved and are primarily based on the expectations of decision makers and the public (post modernism period). However, there are several mosques in the twenty-first century incorporate sustainability into their design that need to be documented for future research. According to the findings, instead of Masjid Raja Haji Fisabilillah, Cyberjaya, there are 4 more mosques practise sustainable design in Malaysia. These mosques have a good sense of environmental design which gives comfort to the occupants. The study conducted qualitatively from the secondary data source and on field observation. The data is compiled through descriptive analysis of sustainable characteristic implemented in the selected mosques. The propose of this paper is to document sustainable mosques in Malaysia and contribute ideas for future mosque design. This paper will be the reference for the authors to continue detail study of the sustainable mosque in the future.

Studi Historis dan Analisis Arsitektur Masjid Jamik Silalas Sei Deli, Kecamatan Medan Barat

The integration of Islamic and cultural values, as well as local values in the Medan Barat Subdistrict, is marked by the emergence of new architectural representations in mosque design within the sacred realm of religious activities. This article examines the historical trajectory and architectural development of Jamik Silalas Sei Deli Mosque in the Medan Barat Subdistrict, encompassing its historical establishment, construction, and changes in the orientation of Islamic architectural styles over time. This study falls under the purview of Islamic architectural history and is a qualitative research endeavor employing historical research methods, including source collection, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography, with a specific focus on the Islamic architectural arts. The study reveals that the evolution of Islamic architecture at Jamik Silalas Sei Deli Mosque is influenced by the changing eras and local values in determining the mosque's development model. Furthermore, from a sociological perspective, the values embodied in this architectural art serve as a representation of the social and religious climate, which tends to be integrative within the community.

Sustainable Mosque Designs from the Perspectives of Social Inclusion: Comparisonsof Four Mosques in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

One of the major conflictscontinuously occurring in Malaysia is the issue of race and religious relationships. Today, houses of worship in Malaysia have always been seen as isolated entities that can add to race relations and nation-building conflicts. This issue has led to the planning of houses of worship as nation-building elements in forging social inclusion among the different religious buildings of other faiths. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate mosques' social inclusion characteristics, which can contribute to the more extensiveframing of Malaysian planning policy on the sustainable designof houses of worship. Toreflect the ideal of SDG 11, Sustainable cities and communities and SDG 16, Peace, justice and strong institutions, it is essential to identify social inclusivity as one of theprimarydesign approachesforany Islamicinstitutionsand mosques designs. Should the mosques be part of the nation-building entities and notjust community centres for each faith? This research covers selected case studies mainly inKuala Lumpur, representing the city with the most educated and diverse multi-faith context. Four significant mosques were selected and studied through observationsand interviews data collection approach. The research findings indicate that elements such as scale, massing, permeability, visibility, territoriality, and iconic imagery are essential to design criteria for mosques. Significantly, this research provides suggestionsand guidelines for designers and committee leaders of all religions in Malaysia to re-look at the activities and planning aspects of their houses of worship. Furthermore, it helps to promoteinclusive elements such as social interaction, tolerance, and understanding of different religious beliefs. Hence, accepting these multi-faith centres will create a moreintegrated, harmonious and sustainable community.

Kajian Langgam Pada Bangunan Masjid Raya Bogor

The mosque is a place of worship for the Muslim community which has the capacity for a large number of congregations, over time the mosque is not only a place of worship but the mosque can also be a place for socializing in religious matters, in every city and region it has its own characteristics regarding the design and style that is in the mosque. The style of a marker or pattern on a building based on a certain period is usually the style of the mosque found on the exterior and interior of the building such as the shape of the door, the shape of the column, the shape of the roof, the shape of the ceiling and so on. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative by searching and collecting data related to research from journals, literature, books and direct surveys to research locations. The results of the research are knowledge of what styles exist in the Al-Mi'raj mosque (Masjid Raya Bogor) and find out which form of mosque design follows.

Kuwait's circular prototype mosque design: a history and comprehensive evaluation

PurposeThis study evaluates the architectural status of circular prototype mosques in Kuwait. The argument is that the once dominant and powerful image of mosques is now merely a repetitive reproduction through the prototype scheme. The study focuses on the circular prototype design, which has been constructed in many of Kuwait's recent residential areas. It evaluates qualitatively the worshipers' experiences of these mosques.Design/methodology/approachThe research methodology is qualitative. The main question is how well the circular prototype mosques are received by worshipers and local communities. Various research methods were used, including walk-through survey and group interview with worshipers and semi-structured interview with key informants in Public Authority for Housing Welfare and Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs. Purposive sampling was chosen to select for key informants. Time-location sampling was selected for worshipers' group interview.FindingsCircular prototype presents several weaknesses. The community did not receive the circular design well as it deviates from the traditional and modern rectangular mosque design prevalent in Kuwait. This research highlights the importance of considering traditional design principles, community preferences and functional requirements while designing a mosque. It also emphasizes the need for an extensive evaluation of prototype designs to identify potential weaknesses before proceeding with the final design.Social implicationsIt is recommended that future mosque design projects in Kuwait consider traditional design principles; community preferences; and financial, functional and sustainability requirements. In addition, the findings of this study can be used to inform future mosque design projects in Kuwait and to ensure that they are functional, cost-effective and well received by the community.Originality/valueThis research provides an informative and comprehensive analysis of Kuwait's prototype mosque designs from the 1950s to the present day. It focuses on the current circular prototype, critically examining its advantages and disadvantages. This research is the first to evaluate the history and design improvements over the years. As such, this research offers invaluable information to those interested in Kuwait's religious architecture and cultural history.

Akulturasi Arsitektur Bangunan Cina pada Masjid Agung Sang Cipta Rasa Cirebon

This research explores the phenomenon of acculturation of Chinese building architecture at the Sang Cipta Rasa Grand Mosque in Cirebon, an exciting case of combining Islamic architecture and traditional Chinese elements. The main focus of this research is to understand how Architectural Chinese elements are integrated into the design of mosque buildings in a harmonious and meaningful way. This research method involves a multidisciplinary approach, including literature analysis, visual observations, and interviews with architects and local historians who have in-depth knowledge of mosques and cultural acculturation in the region. The research results reveal that Grand Mosque successfully created an architectural masterpiece that skillfully combines Chinese Architectural elements. Elements such as a curved Chinese- style roof with decorative ornaments reminiscent of Chinese culture, columns, pillars with distinctive traditional carvings, and decorative motifs on the walls illustrate the influence of Chinese architecture integrated into the mosque's design. Despite the strong Chinese influence, this building maintains the essence of Islam and local culture. This research contributes to understanding how cultural acculturation can be reflected in the physical form of buildings, especially in religious contexts. The results of this research can be a valuable reference for the planning and development of future structures that harmonize elements from different cultures while respecting the values and goals of each culture involved.

The effect of domed and hip roof coverings on mosque design in case of fire

The architectural design seeks solutions to many problems, one of which is designing buildings that can quickly and safely evacuate people. Mosques, which are places of worship and multifunctional gathering centers for Muslims, are significant buildings in terms of fire research because they often host many people at the same time. However, there is a lack of research on fire safety in mosques. This study focuses on the consequences of different scenarios and types of mosque roof design, with a capacity of 500 people, as produced by the Turkiye Presidency of Religious Affairs. The examined scenarios are Scenario 1 (500 kW fire size) and Scenario 2 (1000 kW fire size), and the investigated roof types of mosques are Type 1 (hip roof) and Type 2 (dome). In the analyzed scenarios, it was observed that the dome roof type in the examined mosque design extended the evacuation time by around 10–35%. The dome creates a space for storing smoke, which reduces the spread of smoke in the main room and raises the ASET. This study recommends expanding the scope of future research by incorporating a greater variety of fire scenarios and roof covering types in mosques, while also investigating the impact of natural ventilation openings on evacuation times.

Design and Implementation of Mosque SD Muhammadiyah Ambarketawang 2 Gamping Sleman

One of the facilities owned by SD Muhammadiyah Ambarketawang 2 is a 36 m2 prayer room. The facility was deemed insufficient to foster students in the field of religion, so they added new facility in the form of a mosque with a size of 10 m x 11.5 m having two floors. For this purpose, experts were needed to be able to design the building. From the results of the service, the required Mosque Design and Budget Plan were created.

Perencanaan Desain Renovasi Masjid Ahyani Thoriqul Jannah Tangerang Banten

<p align="center">Abstract </p><p>This community service activity was carried out in the Tangerang sub-district. This Abdimas is a partnership program with cooperation partners Ahyani Thoriqul Jannah Masjid Prosperity Council (DKM) Mosque Tangerang Banten. The Ahyani Thoriqul Jannah Mosque, Tangerang, Banten is currently an old building which is feared to endanger the safety of the congregation/community who are carrying out worship. In addition, the capacity of the mosque is no longer sufficient to accommodate the Friday prayer congregation. Therefore, DKM Ahyani Thoriqul Jannah Tangerang Banten intends to completely renovate the mosque building with the principles of the congregation, by the congregation and for the congregation. DKM Ahyani Thoriqul Jannah Tangerang Banten faces a problem where there are no congregation members who are experts in their field. The team of community service lecturers at Indraprasta University PGRI offered DKM Ahyani Thoriqul Jannah Tangerang Banten a mutually beneficial partnership to carry out the renovation of the Ahyani Thoriqul Jannah mosque. DKM Ahyani Thoriqul Jannah resolved licensing issues, residents/congregants objected to mosque renovations and so on. While the team of community service lecturers at Indraprasta PGRI University prepared experts who would carry out tasks including pre-planning including reviewing the location of the mosque, land area, land form and soil structure, planning in the form of mosque architectural design and budget plans and participating in supervising the implementation of development from a technical point of view. Keywords: mosque design, mosque, </p><p align="left"> </p><p align="left"> </p>

Beyond the Divide: A Century of Canadian Mosque Design

Muslim immigrants first pray in each other homes, and later in the basement of churches and rented premises. They progress to buying an existing building and repurpose it to serve as a mosque. Finally, the fledgling community raises the funds to buy land and build a mosque that reflects both their native nostalgia and aspirations as new Canadians. A century of mosque-building by Muslim immigrants to Canada is such an expatriate phenomenon. However, the “Divide” in the title refers not to crossing the oceans but to another telling subtitle from the author’s ear-lier paper with the same title: “Women’s Spaces in Canadian Mosques.” The two subtitles, one documentary (book) and the other didactic (paper), vie for the reader’s attention, crossing the genre divide.

A Review on the Roofs’ Design Influencing the Physical Environment in the Naturally Ventilated of Mosque Buildings

The modern pitch and domed roofs design of the Malaysian mosques was created as a symbolic of Muslim place of worship besides functioning as a filter to the outdoor climate. Malaysia is a country that is famous for the high air temperature and relative humidity and inconsistent air movement of local climate which can influence the indoor environment. The different roof designs of Malaysian mosques also give impact to the believers in conducting prayers and other activities inside the mosques. Therefore, this study is to investigate the difference of roof design that influenced the thermal comfort and believers’ convenience in the mosque's building. It was found that the traditional roof design of mosques in Malaysia was the pitched roof with two and three-stacked mosques whereas most of the modern roof design was the domed roof. Both the pitched and domed roof of the mosque's design had the ability to control the indoor air distribution inside the mosque building. The pitch roof had the ability to control the circulation of the indoor air movement to achieve the equilibrium state whereas the domed roof could stratify the outdoor cool air to replace the hot indoor air inside the mosque building. Therefore, the future researcher could focus more strategies in order to improve the roof design of mosque for better indoor air inside the mosque building.

The Archetype and Shifting Morphology of Sri Lankan Mosque Architecture

Sri Lanka is home to a number of historic mosques that date back over a thousand years and were built during various eras. In an attempt to fill the knowledge gap on such topic, particularly in regard to the built context of historic mosques in Sri Lanka, this paper illustrates the plan typology of mosques and compares them with the known Muslims architectural typologies. Is the design of the historical mosques in Sri Lanka related to a particular Islamic architectural style? Was the primary inquiry driving the study? The research's goal is to examine mosque plan arrangement typologies and determine how closely these typologies resemble well-known Muslims design elements. The approach includes providing examples of well-known Islamic architectural styles from around the globe and choosing historical mosques to graphically analyze and compare with Muslims architectural styles. A typological trend in Sri Lanka's historic mosques was identified through research. The discussion in this article emphasizes the similarity between the known Muslims architectural mosque typologies and the typology of historical mosques in Sri Lanka. As a consequence, the architectural floor plan typologies of Sri Lanka's historic mosques were identified. Numerous kinds of plans, including Ottoman, Umayyad, and Mughal were found to be effective. The results of the recent study showed that Sri Lanka's ancient mosques have different types of plans. This paper will discuss the history of the development of structures and the origins of their various components.

Mosque Design at Living Lab with Local Wisdom Approach

The Al-amin Science And Industrial Park area is projected to become a center for field laboratories and workshops that accommodate all study programs at UNPAB. In addition, the Al-amin Science And Industrial Park area is also planned to be the location of Ecoedutourism (Ecoedutourism) based on agriculture and processing of agricultural products. Eco-education is expected to attract visitors to enjoy the location of the Al-amin Science And Industrial Park Area with attractions based on field activities from study programs at UNPAB such as horticultural gardens, nurseries, animal husbandry, waste management for the use of renewable energy to processing packaging of garden and livestock products. The construction of the Al-amin Science And Industrial Park Area Mosque is expected to become a center of Islamic activities consisting of worship activities, mu'amalah and da'wah education, as well as Islamic information centers, not only for the Al-amin Science And Industrial Park area but also for the surrounding community and visitors to the area.

The Perception of Spatial Atmosphere in Traditional and Modern Mosques in Aesthetic Context

The concept of aesthetic has been transformed and re-contextualized through the consecutive centuries to find a stable place in the discipline of architecture. We may claim that the stability has been generally provided by spaces having the power of affecting its experiencers emotionally by the help of sensory perception. The discipline of phenomenology set the theoretical scene for such experience quality in architectural spaces, which can be analyzed in historical, social, and religious contexts.
 In this framework, the article aims to emphasize the significance of the relationship between the disciplines of aesthetics and architecture in Turkey through the aesthetic image of the spatial atmosphere via the evaluations of experiencers of the mosques in traditional and modern styles to comprehend the image of aesthetic experience. Methodologically, the analysis is based on an online questionnaire to understand the perceptual differences of the survey participants based on the image of aesthetic experience in these two different mosque styles. In conclusion, the Sancaklar and Selimiye Mosques show that, although the experiencers were open to the new concepts in contemporary mosque designs, their religious teachings with the traditionalist background generally prevent them adopting the Sancaklar Mosque. Thus, the majority of the survey participators preferred to visit and pray in the Selimiye Mosque as the masterpiece of the Ottoman style while the Sancaklar Mosque reflecting the modern approach was found insufficient to manifest the traditional Islamic language that the survey participators are accustomed to.