Design Of Mobile Devices Research Articles

Energy characterization of mobile devices and applications using power–thermal benchmarks

Power consumption and heat dissipation are the major factors that limit the performance and mobility of battery-powered devices. As they become key elements in the design of mobile devices and their applications, different power and thermal management strategies have been proposed and implemented during the previous years in order to overcome the mobility limitation due to the battery lifetime. A new energy management approach is to build energy-aware applications so that we have knowledge on the consumed energy while the device is running. In this paper we define two new types of benchmarks, called power and thermal benchmark, which are software applications intended for the run-time system level to provide power and thermal characterization. These benchmarks are an easy way for the applications to adapt their execution pattern, in order to finish their tasks both in time and in the battery lifetime.

Handheld Augmented Reality for underground infrastructure visualization

In this paper, we present an Augmented Reality (AR) system for aiding field workers of utility companies in outdoor tasks such as maintenance, planning or surveying of underground infrastructure. Our work addresses these issues using spatial interaction and visualization techniques for mobile AR applications and as well as for a new mobile device design. We also present results from evaluations of the prototype application for underground infrastructure spanning various user groups. Our application has been driven by feedback from industrial collaborators in the utility sector, and includes a translation tool for automatically importing data from utility company databases of underground assets.

AIDOA: An Adaptive and Energy-Conserving Indexing Method for On-Demand Data Broadcasting Systems

Since only a modest improvement in battery lifetime is expected in the next few years, energy conservation is raised as a key factor in the design of mobile devices. In view of this, we propose in this paper an energy-conserving on-demand data broadcasting system that employs the data indexing technique. Different from prior work, the power consumption of turning on and turning off the wireless network interfaces is considered. In addition, we also employ a server cache to reduce the effect of the time to retrieve data items from the corresponding data servers. Specifically, we first analyze the access and tuning times of data requests, and propose an adaptive index and data organizing algorithm (AIDOA) to adjust the degree of buckets according to the system workload. Several experiments are then conducted to evaluate the performance of algorithm AIDOA. The experimental results show that algorithm AIDOA is able to greatly reduce the power consumption at the cost of a slight increase in the average access time and dynamically adjust the index and data organization to adapt to the change of system workload.

The Use of Mobile Phones by Elderly: A Study in Malaysia Perspectives

Mobile phone has become essential part of personal and business life crosses all age and gender boundaries. The of mobile phone usage can potentially play a significant role in assisting older people in many ways especially in terms of maintaining social relationship, providing sense of safety and accessibility. However, older people seem to be the neglected user group in the design of mobile phone devices and services. Hence, this paper attempts to report the issues which are related to the design of mobile devices and services for the elderly aged 56 years old and above specifically in Malaysias context. The findings can be served as a reference to the mobile manufacturer and service provider to put into account during designing mobile devices and services for older people. This research used a survey instrument to gather data from older people across all states in Malaysia with the total of 176 of them responded. The questionnaires were mainly distributed to older person who directly use mobile phones in their daily routines.

467 モード解析を使ったモバイル機器の落下衝撃応答簡易解析法の開発

The structural analysis can reduce the time and the cost of the mobile device design. Especially, the drop impact response analysis is one of the most important analyses at the early design stage. Firstly, we focused on that the shape at the time of the drop is similar to the modal shape of mobile device, and we derived the drop impact response analysis, using modal analysis. And we found that the simple plate model can be used for this analysis model in substitution for a complicated model converted from CAD. At last, we found that our proposed method accuracy is almost same as finite element analysis by explicit method using complicated model.

De novo design approach based on nanorecognition toward development of functional molecules/materials and nanosensors/nanodevices

Abstract For the design of functional molecules and nanodevices, it is very useful to utilize nanorecognition (which is governed mainly by interaction forces such as hydrogen bonding, ionic interaction, π-H/π-π interactions, and metallic interactions) and nanodynamics (involving capture, transport, and release of electrons, photons, or protons). The manifestation of these interaction forces has led us to the design and realization of diverse ionophores/receptors, organic nanotubes, nanowires, molecular mechanical devices, molecular switches, enzyme mimetics, protein folding/unfolding, etc. In this review, we begin with a brief discussion of the interaction forces, followed by some of our representative applications. We discuss ionophores with chemo-sensing capability for biologically important cations and anions and explain how the understanding of hydrogen bonding and π-interactions has led to the design of self-assembled nanotubes from calix[4]hydroquinone (CHQ). The binding study of neutral and cationic transition metals with the redox system of hydroquinone (HQ) and quinone (Q) predicts what kind of nanostructures would form. Finally, we look into the conformational changes between stacked and edge-to-face conformers in π-benzoquinone-benzene complexes controlled by alternating electrochemical potential. The resulting flapping motion illustrates a promising pathway toward the design of mobile nanomechanical devices.

User Centered Design and Testing Methods for the Development of the Menu System for Mobile Phones

User centered design and usability evaluation of mobile devices are becoming important activities in the development process of mobile products. This paper presents a case study and introduces different techniques to support the process of designing a menu system embedded into a mobile phone. These techniques facilitated a systematic user needs analysis in the early stages of the development life-cycle, to formulate a navigational structure for designing prototypes, to identify usability problems for iterative prototype design, and to develop design guidelines. The introduced techniques involve laddered grid methods to elicit users' mental models, focus groups, usability testing, and expert reviews. The advantages and disadvantages of each method used during the design project were summarized, and usability practitioners in the real environment of the mobile devices industry are advised to be selective the combination of items they incorporate to suit their purposes.

Accessibility and usability guidelines for mobile devices in home health monitoring

The use of tele-medicine, telecommunications, web-based applications and medical monitoring devices can provide a 'medical life-line' for the chronically ill, disabled and elderly home-bound persons. This research develops a guideline of accessibility and usability for the multimodal home-based mobile medical monitoring devices used by older adults. Field studies are used to evaluate the quantitative visualization, errors, input and time factors. Additionally, qualitative studies using surveys and interviews focus on customer satisfaction. The findings of the study will form the accessibility and usability guideline. We anticipate that this usability guideline could be used as the foundation for the design and testing of future mobile medical devices used in the home.

The Role of Color in User Interface Design of Wireless Mobile Devices

The Role of Color in User Interface Design of Wireless Mobile Devices

Design and implementation of user interface for mobile devices

The inspiration behind the wireless world came from the need to provide users with mobility and to offer an alternative to the limitations of wired mediums. As a result, there are various wireless mobile technologies like GSM, GPRS, WLAN, and Bluetooth available. The user interface and the size of mobile devices are one of the main concerns in the design of mobile devices. In this paper, we design a single-layered touch screen based user interface. Unlike conventional multi-layered user interface, a single-layered user interface will make the user interface more user-friendly with smaller size. The memory requirements can be further reduced by implementing it in low-level languages. After design and implementation of the user interface, we integrate the user interface with the hardware of mobile devices through serial port with the help of AT commands.

Performance-directed energy management for storage systems

Energy consumption has become an important issue in the design of battery-operated mobile devices and sophisticated data centers. The storage hierarchy, which includes memory and disks, is a major energy consumer in such systems; especially for high-end servers at data centers. Much work has focused on energy control algorithms for storage systems that transition a device into a low power mode when a certain usage function exceeds a specified threshold. These algorithms are difficult to use in real systems, however, because designers must painstakingly and manually tune threshold values, and even then a performance guarantee is difficult. To address these limitations, we develop three algorithms: 1) a performance guarantee technique that designers can use with any underlying energy-control algorithm 2) a performance-directed control algorithm that periodically assigns a static configuration to different devices by solving an optimization problem 3) another performance-directed control algorithm that dynamically self-tunes according to an optimal set of thresholds

Conceptual and operational definition of system complexity in the domain of Wireless Internet via Mobile Technology

Acceptance of new information technologies by their intended users endures as an important issue for researchers and practitioners of information systems. Research has shown that the complexity of technology is an important factor influencing user acceptance, but few studies have been done in conjunction with Wireless Internet via Mobile Technology (WIMT). This study defines and explores four aspects of the System Complexity construct in the WIMT domain (Efficiency of Data Transfer, System Functionality, Interface Design and Capacity of Mobile Devices). A measurement instrument is developed and validated for this construct. Implications for theory and practice are discussed with suggestions for future research in this area.

Patterns of Mobile Interaction

The design of systems for mobile scenarios covers a wide range of issues, ranging from mobile networking to user interface design for mobile devices. Mobile applications often run distributed on several connected devices, used by many users simultaneously. Considering all issues related to mobile scenarios, a designer might be overwhelmed. As a solution, we propose a specific kind of design patterns which we call mobility patterns, derived from successful mobile applications. They allow a designer to re-use design elements as building blocks in their own designs. After describing the idea of mobility patterns, we give a brief overview of patterns we have identified so far. Two patterns are described in more detail with the help of our research platforms QuickStep and Pocket DreamTeam.

Anthropometry and design for the disabled: Experiences with seating design for the cerebral palsy population

In recent years increased emphasis has been placed on designing improved technical aids for physically disabled people. One limiting factor has been the lack of anthropometric resource data that is appropriate for use with individuals with specific disabilities, such as cerebral palsy. The purpose of this study has been to examine briefly why the anthropometric needs of disabled individuals may be different from able-bodied individuals, and to develop an anthropometric data resource that can be used in the design of seating and mobility devices for a specific segment of the disabled population. Ninety-four variables were obtained from each subject in a sample of 133 cerebral palsied individuals. Both qualitative and quantitative factors were assessed and measured, respectively. The qualitative factors are used to define the unique characteristics of the sample group. Twenty quantitative variables are analysed and the results presented in a tabular format. Eleven of the 20 variables are not available from existing able-bodied anthropometric sources, but were deemed important for use in the design process for the study population. The paper references a supplementary manual which contains the complete results, including descriptive statistical tables and scattergram plots. The paper also discusses the implications for application of the results, possible limitations of their use, and precautions that should be observed when considering extrapolations to other populations of disabled people.