Design Of Geographic Information System Research Articles

State of the Art on the Contributions and Use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Epidemiology in Morocco

Background The Geographic Information System (GIS) plays a significant role in the healthcare information system. The use of GIS as an epidemiological research tool is very little known in Morocco. According to the Moroccan Ministry of Health's Health Plan for 2025, axis 23 aims to complete the deployment of the decision support information system through the implementation of the geographic information system with the goal of improving governance and optimizing resource allocation. This creates constraints in achieving the design of an appropriate GIS for modeling pathologies using remote sensing and spatial statistical methods. The current work aims to understand GIS and its applications in epidemiology, with a focus on the state of scientific knowledge related to GIS in epidemiological research. Methods A state-of-the-art review of the various uses of GIS in epidemiological research was conducted using several university databases, such as PubMed and Scopus, recent articles, and certain reference books, focusing on the following keywords: “utilization,” “GIS,” and “epidemiology,” as well as their synonyms identified by MeSH. Results The majority of GIS research applied to epidemiology primarily involves making observations using GIS, which are then incorporated into action plans to promote population health. Therefore, it is important to break down the aspects of GIS (Geographic Information System) usage in epidemiology into four components. These include epidemiological surveillance, determining primary healthcare needs, healthcare planning, and healthcare quality. Conclusion These results clearly demonstrate the significant contribution of GIS to the improvement of public health. However, there is a need for positive action regarding the integration of this system, especially in developing countries.

Understanding the Landscape of Usability Evaluation in Geographic Information Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

This systematic literature review comprehensively examines usability evaluation in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The study explores the importance of usability evaluation, common usability issues, and the role of usability evaluations in GIS design and development. The review reveals a critical need for more scientific publications of up-to-date GIS usability evaluations. It highlights the importance of usability evaluations in developing more user-friendly GIS applications. The findings underscore the need for improved user guidance and more intuitive design of GIS applications, particularly for novice users. The review also identifies several opportunities for future research, including developing usability guidelines for GIS, exploring new methods for analyzing GIS interactions and workflows, and considering GIS use over more extended periods. The findings have significant implications for GIS developers, users, and researchers, emphasizing the importance of conducting usability evaluations to enhance user satisfaction and improve task performance.

Implementation of Geographic Information System Base On Google Maps API to Determine Bidikmisi Scholarship Recipient Distribution in Central Sulawesi Indonesia

The presence of information technology in web-based digital mapping, especially using the Google API, has helped various parties make decisions regarding mapping to find out the distribution of various objects. Bidikmisi scholarship recipients are a group of university students who receive fundings Indonesian government every year. They come from various regions and economic backgrounds. However, the distribution of origin of students receiving the Bidikmisi scholarships has never been investigated accurately. As a result, information related to the geographical distribution of Bidikmisi scholarship recipients, both from an economic point of view and the quality of their education, has not yet been mapped. This study, therefore, developed a geographic information system (GIS) application based on google API to map the distribution of students receiving Bidikmisi scholarship based on region and economic geography. Data were gathered through surveys and interviews with experts and stakeholders from the State Islamic University of Datokarama Palu, Indonesia, to obtain information regarding the GIS design and also the criteria for Bidikmisi scholarship recipients. The results of the study show that 305 students received the scholarship from twelve regencies in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The origins of the students were successfully mapped throughout the province. Our study helped universities, especially in the field of student affairs and the Quality Assurance Department, to monitor the distribution of Bidikmisi scholarship recipients. Our study can be used as a reference in making quick and accurate decisions in future scholarship distribution.

Geographic Information System for the Location Veterinarians Based on Android

Geographic information systems (GIS) have the ability to connect various data at a certain point on the earth, combine them, analyze and finally map the results. The data to be processed in (GIS) is spatial data, which is geographically oriented data and is a location that has a certain coordinate system, as the basis for reference. So that the application (GIS) can answer several questions such as; location, condition, trend, pattern and modeling. This capability is what distinguishes (GIS) from other information systems. The problem in this study discusses the design of a GIS to track the location of veterinarians in the city of Padang. GIS is a concept that can map locations on the earth's surface. The results of its interpretation can be used as information for users in overcoming a problem. The data used in this GIS design is taken from the location of veterinarians in the city of Padang. Gis results provide accuracy in presenting information to users. By building a geographic information system, it is expected to find out where the location of the veterinarians in the city of Padang based can help the android community. So that the public can more easily find out the location of the veterinarians in the city of Padang quickly and accurately which can be accessed via mobile phones (Smartphones). In making this geographic information system, additional application programs used are Android Studio, and other supporting applications

Daylighting Past Realities: Making Historical Social Injustice Visible Again Using HGIS-Based Virtual and Mixed Reality Experiences

Twenty-first century technological advancements have the potential to support intersections between social science and geographic information systems (GIS) as well as GIS and emerging geovisual interface technologies. These converging methodologies are enabling researchers to capture and connect audiences in “narratives”, “experiences” or “emotions” of past events and places. The use of interactivity, and online and mobile methods of visualization in cartographic design, is changing the way critical historical events can be represented. Spatial interface and extended reality (XR) technologies have the potential to deliver immersive experiences that enrich empathic engagement and historical narratives in GIScience. This paper explores emerging technologies that deliver visual and sensory information experiences enabling us to explore past injustices in everyday space, thus suggesting new frontiers for historical geographical information systems (HGIS). A set of working prototype applications were developed to investigate the ability of these technologies to mobilize HGIS and social narrative research, and enable interaction between humans and geographic reality in ways not found elsewhere in everyday landscapes. In short, our approach makes invisible, forgotten social injustices, visible once more. These applications include an online story map, an immersive virtual environment and a tangible augmented reality application, each focused through the lens of the narrative of Japanese Canadians during the mid-twentieth century. The paper reflects on the potential of GIS, interface and interaction design methodologies for delivering spatial and emotional immersion, and their implications for communicating historical geography and social injustice narratives.

"Drawing a Line from their Institution": One Origin Story of Indigenous GIS Design

"Drawing a Line from their Institution":One Origin Story of Indigenous GIS Design Mark Palmer (bio) the land-grab universities (lgu) article and accompanying methodology mark a significant chapter in the forward movement of Indigenous mapping and geographic information systems (GIS). GIS is a combined database and mapping software that allows users to digitize, collect, store, manipulate, and analyze spatial phenomena. The High Country News LGU articles are timely as America reboots and acknowledges multiple injustices committed against peoples of color since the country's inception. Beyond the articles' factual evidence and social commentary, the technical aspects of the project's spatial database development and mapping are remarkably transparent and accessible. Historical geographic information systems, like the LGU project, are an amalgamation of humanities scholarship, science, and technicality that contributes significantly to the field of geographic information science (GIScience) by producing novel approaches to digitizing previously unavailable archival data for use in GIS. GIScience has a poor record regarding reproducible studies and lacks transparency regarding detailed methods of reproduction. One recent study noted that "the lack of reproducibility in scientific studies [including GIScience] stems from researchers facing challenges in understanding and re-creating others' results, a situation that is common in data-driven and algorithm-based research" (Nüst et al. 2018). Spatial databases and maps created by the LGU research team provide a stellar example of how to publish and work toward reproducibility and replication in historical GIS, adding to a lineage of previous Indigenous methodologies that are philosophically collective in approach. I will briefly comment on the LGU spatial database and mapping processes. LGU spatial databases and maps represent one of many cycles of accumulating geographic information on Indian Country and then producing scientific representations (Latour 1987). Unlike past cycles—such as European exploration, the Great Surveys of the West, public land surveys, and topographic mapping—the LGU project is anticolonial. However, I would argue that it is not correct to label the maps as a form of countermapping. LGU maps are more revealing, larger in scope, and more imaginative than countermaps. Dr. Robert Lee documented the data collection and spatial database [End Page 106] preprocesses in "Land-Grab Universities: Methodology and Sources" in High Country News. Lee (2020b) details the research team's efforts to combine and stitch together plat maps, land tenure records, land patents, documents produced by Congress, bulletins located at the National Archives, and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) General Land Office (GLO) data. Filtering through mounds of records state by state and deciphering nineteenth-century handwriting was not an easy task. According to Lee, the "data was extracted both programmatically from digitized material at the GLO and transcribed (about 10 percent of the parcels) by hand from various archival sources" for 79,461 parcels of land.1 Anyone who has worked with spatial databases will understand the sheer breadth of Lee's undertaking. Thankfully, much of the spatial information is kept by the BLM. The BLM's website contains a robust land database, the Public Land Survey data, that includes data about ownership, surveyors' notes, legal descriptions, and plat maps (among other products). However, for scholars wishing to create a spatial database supported by GIS, locational information is paramount. The database must have a geographic component. The archival sources provide no longitude and latitude coordinates for georeferencing land parcels. Instead, the BLM uses a township and range system to identify land parcels and reproduces them using the Cadastral National Spatial Database Infrastructure dataset (Lee 2020b). Intensive labor goes into the creation of a functioning and standardized GIS database. This is especially true when the end goal is to create robust networks for connecting academic research, teaching curriculum, licenses as creative commons, and publications (Lee 2020b). Lee needed a scholar experienced in cartographic design and knowledge of Indigenous issues to jumpstart the mapping process. Enter Dr. Margaret Pearce, a seasoned academic, cartographic designer, and artist currently living in New England. She noted that the project was challenging because initially the data were not quite ready to be incorporated into ArcGIS Pro software.2 One of the challenges of working with historical documents is getting the data to fit within the system. This is no...

Forest Fire Spreading Using Free and Open-Source GIS Technologies

Forest fires are one of the most dangerous events, causing serious land and environmental degradation. Indeed, besides the loss of a huge quantity of plant species, the effects of fires can go far beyond: desertification, increased risk of landslides, soil erosion, death of animals, etc. For these reasons, mathematical models able to predict fire spreading are needed in order to organize and optimize the extinguishing interventions during fire emergencies. This work presents a new system to simulate and predict the movement of the fire front based on free and open source Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies and the Rothermel surface fire spread model, with the adjustments made by Albini. We describe the mathematical models used, provide an overview of the GIS design and implementation, and present the results of some simulations at Etna volcano (Sicily, Italy), characterized by high geomorphological heterogeneity, and where the native flora and fauna may be preserved and perpetuated. The results consist of raster maps representing the progress times of the fire front starting from an ignition point and as a function of the topography and wind directions. The reliability of results is strictly affected by the correct positioning of the fire ignition point, by the accuracy of the topography that describes the morphology of the territory, and by the setting of the meteorological conditions at the moment of the ignition and propagation of the fire.

Analysis and Design of Waste Management System Using the Spiral Model Towards Smart Cities

IT Governance has provided hope in human life, especially waste management and environmental cleanliness services. The role of IT becomes very important when people want services that are fast, accurate and relevant. Technology using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has provided opportunities and made it possible to interact easily. The purpose of this research is to provide a GIS for the city environmental and sanitation services in order to provide good services in creating a clean environment. The research method uses the system analysis method with a spiral model approach in system design. The results of the design of GIS have been able to improve the performance of waste management in the city of Makassar.

Sustainable Urban Regeneration for Shrinking Cities: A Case from Japan

Population decline is leading to a shrinking city size in industrialized countries. In some developing countries, because majority of the population is concentrated in big cities, the population in undeveloped cities has begun to decline. Japan experienced rapid urban expansion surrounding industrial districts, including steeply sloped areas, between the 1950s and 1970s. In the past forty years, Japan’s population has decreased, and the average age of the population is increasing. The reduction in the size of cities, following population decreases is becoming an important issue, and the study of sustainable, concentrated urban planning to cope with shrinking city size is, therefore, necessary. We have conducted a case study using Yahatahigashi-ku to determine its redevelopment potential, based on a combination of urban geographic data. This paper (1) presents a typical case study using Geographic Information System (GIS) data to evaluate an aging and shrinking society; (2) explores the GIS design approaches configured for an aging society; and (3) evaluates the optimization of environmental performance for an urban regeneration plan. The primary factors related to this urban design case study included, a declining population, mixed urban land use, and the placement of public facilities. We developed a method involving the slope degree to evaluate land-use to model the importance of informational evaluation in the urban planning process. This method could contribute to the urban regeneration for an aging society and could also be applied to other aging and shrinking cities, in mountainous regions.

Development of a Geospatial Data-Based Methodology for Stormwater Management in Urban Areas Using Freely-Available Software.

Intense urbanisation, combined with climate change impacts such as increased rainfall intensity, is overloading conventional drainage systems, increasing the number of combined sewer overflow events and making treatment plants outdated. There is a need for better urban planning, incorporating stormwater and flood management design in order to accurately design urban drainage networks. Geographic Information System (GIS) tools are capable of identifying and delineating the runoff flow direction, as well as accurately defining small-sized urban catchments using geospatial data. This study explores the synergies between GIS and stormwater management design tools for better land-use planning, providing a new methodology which has the potential to incorporate hydraulic and hydrological calculations into the design of urban areas. From data collection to final results, only freely available software and open platforms have been used: the U.S. EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), QGis, PostgreSQL, PostGIS, SagaGIS, and GrassGIS. Each of these tools alone cannot provide all the necessary functionalities for large-scale projects, but once linked to GISWATER, a unique, fast, efficient, and accurate work methodology results. A case study of a newly urbanised area in the city of Gijón (northern Spain) has been utilised to apply this new methodology.

System satisfaction survey for the App to integrate search and augmented reality with geographical information technology

Digital humanities are unfamiliar words in Taiwan. With the popularity of digital technology and mobile computing, Digital Human Geography in both theory and practice have emerged many new potentials and development opportunities. However, the research field regarding digital human geography can cover many areas, such as: mobile augmented reality, local media and service design, urban space interaction, virtual mixed space, space humanistic experience, historical materials reproduction, creativity of digital local sense, cultural narrative and art experience, local action games, mobile learning, and location-related business applications etc. This study aims to transfer information to specific groups through a simple and straightforward manner. With digital technology in combination with humane digital contents, people under the scenario of interactive interface are allowed to apply geographic information system (GIS) and geo-fencing program to convert data into visual images and through today's Infographics to clearly use visual design characteristics in content presentation. Therefore, our study was to develop a new App, called "Ai Guang Zhan". People can use "Ai Guang Zhan" App to integrate all exhibition related services. The App can be downloaded from smartphone or tablet PC for users to search in any time the arts and cultural activities and public facilities in the nearest place and receive instant mobile navigation services among various cultural and creative parks. To understand the preference and satisfaction by the people who use the UI interface for the APP designed from the study, a random questionnaire survey will be conducted in Huashan Cultural and Creative Industry Park and Songshan Cultural and Creative Park. The survey results will be used as reference for function improvement of next APP version. The primary purpose of this research is to propose a model for the development of applications, as well as methods for a clearer and easier visual presentation of information to be used as a reference for practitioners or application designers. The application, developed by the study through the proposed processes, was found to be effective; the developed application could be utilized as a new and useful tool to facilitate the utilization of academic and cultural resources. Additionally, users' specific comments and suggestions collected by the study could be adopted as a reference for future application development. The application developed by this study was found to serve effectively as a method to promote the development of art and cultural activities of all sizes in various regions, and stimulate the exchange of arts and humanities between urban and rural areas. Furthermore, the application has the ability to attract younger people to participate in art and cultural activities, find their own interests, and explore more corresponding activities with its assistance. Future applications associated to art and cultural activities are suggested to effectively integrate AR, GIS, and visual design (such as Infographics) technologies, and thereby offer users more diversified, convenient, and useful functions. Restricted by the resources of labor and limited time, the functional design and development of the application still requires improvement. Specifically, the combination of AR technology and information presentation of art and cultural activities, as well as the calculation of relative distance and travel time were not presented effectively. The next step of the project would involve revising the content and functionalities of the application based on users' feedback collected by this study, reviewing the acceptance of market responses of the application, and seeking a development company or foundation for technology transfer. Moreover, we intend to combine more technologies such as diversified cross-platform functions, visualized design of information, and interactive devices to further improve the application, and thereby stimulate social, human, and geographical interactions.

Microkernel and Middle-Ware Based GIS Platform Design

By contrasting the traditional way in which GIS was completed that comes with less flexible, low efficiency, and lack redundancy which cause high entry cost, the fast development of microkernel plug-in technology provides the lightweight, efficient and scalable solution to Geographical Information System (GIS). This paper is to reveal the potential of microkernel plug-in geospatial information processing technology in GIS design and practice, with the acceptance and usage of function model called Resource loading manager(RLM) for GIS applications, which provides a possible solution to overcome the GIS’s high cost issue. After the short review of microkernel plug-in technology, the possibility of GIS design with microkernel is analyzed. This paper also introduced the composition of the whole system and the design of GIS service platform based on middle-ware in detail.

시나리오 기반의 생태마을 계획 및 설계 지원 GIS도구 개발

A tool to assist in designing an eco-village was developed using GIS(Geographical Information System) and RS(Remote Sensing) data and images. The difficulties of using GIS by untrained designers are resolved by simplifying the usage and making it a user friendly scenario-based tool, so that the designers with limited knowledge in GIS can use as a design tool. For this task, Da-Mu-Po, a village in Pohang, Gyeongbuk was picked as a site to test the design tool; through planning and designing as an eco friendly village, we tested the flexibility and usability of our newly developed design tool. From this experiment we also introduced test version of stand-alone GIS design tool by constructing program scenario and GUI(Graphic User Interface).

Highlights from ACM SIGSPATIAL GIS 2011: the 19th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems

ACM SIGSPATIAL GIS 2011 was the 19th gathering of the premier event on spatial information and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It is also the fourth year that the conference was held under the auspices of ACM's most recent special interest group, SIGSPATIAL. Since its start in 1993, the conference has targeted researchers, developers, and users whose work relates to spatial information and GIS, and it has a tradition of interdisciplinary discussions and presentations. It provides a forum for original research contributions that cover conceptual, design, and implementation aspects of spatial information systems and GIS.

The use of geographic information system (GIS) in crisis management for Istanbul city

Nowadays, integrated disaster management includes the phases [(response and recovery (crisis management, after the disaster), and mitigation and preparedness (risk management, before disaster)]. Legal framework of disaster management phases in Turkey includes only crisis management. Principles of planning to crisis management must be for fast first and emergency aid to victims and to oriented fast and correctly to the groups that charged after the disaster, into disaster sites and provide the normalization of life style in city. When we consider disaster caused by the hazard of the possible/expected earthquakes on Marmara Region, in the context of this principle, it can be noticed that the fast reaching of needed city information is important. A geographical information system (GIS) provides fast reaching of all information as an integrated form. For this reason, a GIS approach has been designed to crisis management. In this study, the first works of GIS design that formed for crisis management for Istanbul city will be presented and the present state will be evaluated. Key words: Turkey, Marmara Region, geographical information system, earthquakes, integrated disaster management, crisis management.

WebGIS to Managing Natural Resource: Case of Flooded Pasture in Lake Débo and Walado Débo

Lake Debo and Walado Debo, one of the major Sahelian wetlands is located in Inner Delta (Mali). Given the environmental and community interest in this wetland, there is urgent need to share spatial data on natural resources. Most of the covered information is published in (internal) reports with a limited distribution. With the advent of GIS and Internet technologies, the conventional intricacies to get solutions in time and position have been improved. The combination of Web technologies and the power of GIS software enable natural resource managers to analyze GIS data that resides across the Internet. This paper is based on the design and architecture of a Web-based GIS to managing flooded pastures. MapGIS IGS (MapGIS Internet Server) is used to provide a user-friendly GIS front-end for natural resource managers and public users to perform routine GIS functions on geographic data that are distributed across the Internet. Internet based geographical data services involve management spatial data. Geographic Information System (GIS) is an indispensable tool for analyzing and managing spatial data.

GIS design for in situ conservation of rare and endangered species

Two projects: Conservation and use of genetic resources of non-traditional crops, related wild species and wild species for food and agriculture; and Characterization and evaluation of diversity of wheat and their wild relatives and utilising in breeding involve research into rare and endangered species in the territory of Slovakia. In Slovakia, many threatened and rare plant species occur. In this group of plants, <I>Aegilops cylindrica </I>Host and <I>Arctous alpina </I>(L.) Nied are also listed. They are registered in the Red Data Book of Slovakia. To locate the occurrences of these species, we have used a GPS system. In this article, we illustrate using GIS (Geographic Information System) in plant conservation.

GIS Design: A Review of Current Issues in Interoperability

AbstractThe evolution of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has witnessed an important step towards achieving interoperability through the communication, exchange, cooperation and sharing of resources between systems. The main developments in interoperability include the use of standards for transfer and exchange of geographical information, the integration of different data types up to the development of comprehensive interoperability models. This article aims to review the main advances in interoperability of GIS and provide a basis to identify the future research issues in this field. It first considers the various points of view from which interoperability can be defined and then examines the concept of interoperability itself. An overview is provided on how interoperability can be modelled by discussing the main aspects that directly have an effect on how interoperability levels have been created according to different contexts and purposes of use. It also points out the significant advances in terms of measures that can determine the ability of a GIS to interoperate with other systems, predict the resources needed for successful interoperation, and discover techniques useful to achieving interoperability. We conclude with some suggestions where the research will go next.

A GIS-based time-geographic approach of studying individual activities and interactions in a hybrid physical–virtual space

Modern information and communication technologies (ICT) are changing human activity and travel patterns that could have significant implications to our everyday lives and the human organization of space. Time geography, which examines human activities under various constraints in a space–time context, provides a useful framework to analyze the complex spatio-temporal relationships among activities and interactions taking place in both physical and virtual spaces. However, virtual activities and interactions conducted via ICT have characteristics that cannot be properly represented and analyzed under the classical time-geographic framework. This paper extends classical time-geographic concepts to accommodate the needs of representing and analyzing all activities and interactions in a hybrid physical–virtual space. In addition, this paper presents a space–time geographic information system (GIS) design that is capable of organizing complex activity and interaction data as spatio-temporal processes in an integrated space–time environment. This space–time GIS design offers a useful analytical environment for researchers to study increasingly dynamic human activity and travel patterns in today’s society and their implications toward changing travel demand patterns from both spatial and temporal perspectives.

GIS design application for “Sierra Morena Honey” designation of origin

The quality label “Protected Designation of Origin” (PDO) protects and controls product quality. It is a normalized mode of typification and valuation. On the basis of the model proposed by Persano Oddo et al. [Persano Oddo, L., Piana, M.L., Barbattini, R., Ferrazzi, P., Longhitano, N., Piro, R., Ricciardelli D’Albore, G., Sabatini A.G., 2002. “La valorizzazione del miele attraverso le denominazioni di origine geografica”, proc. of Atti del Convegno AMA “Il ruolo della ricerca in apicoltura”, Bologna, 14-16 March, pp. 185–216] and the design of Bernardinelli et al. [Bernardinelli, I., Della Vedova, G., Milani, N., 2005. “Un approccio metodologico per la gestone del nomadismo in apicultura mediante i GIS: Esperienza nelle Valli del Natisone (Friuli Venecia Giulia)”. Ati dell’ Incontro-Siminario Mappatura delle aree nettarifere. Firenze], a Geographic Information System (GIS) was created for the management of honey produced in Sierra Morena (Andalusia, Southern Spain), and its development phases are presented in this work. Beekeeping is an activity closely related to this territory, and the GIS tool will be of great assistance in its management. A powerful, easy-to-update, and inexpensive open source code-based GIS web site was created to fulfill the needs of a work team characterizing the honeys entering the Protected Designation of Origin. The application is called SMHGIS (Sierra Morena Honey Geographic Information System). Extension and area delimitation aspects and orographic, orogenesic, climatic, and agronomic (nectar sources) features have been considered. An ordnance survey map of the area (1/10,000), data of the apiary census and honey production, and analysis and data for the characterization of honey subject to designation were used. The aim of this work is to describe the design and possibilities of GIS as a visualization tool for honey characterization and, secondly, as a management tool for the regulation of a Protected Designation of Origin.