Design Of Cross Flow Turbine Research Articles

Numerical evaluation of low-head inverted cross-flow turbine design method: A comprehensive study

This study aimed to address the challenges of micro-hydropower generation in low-head environments to expand the proportion of hydropower in renewable energy and achieve a carbon neutrality policy. To achieve these goals, various factors affecting the micro-hydro systems, including geographical constraints, construction costs, and grid connectivity, were reviewed and assessed. The results concluded that a novel type of cross-flow turbine with inverted structures, improved the economic feasibility, productivity, and installability of micro-hydropower plants by reducing head losses in open channels or small streams. The parametric studies consisted of four steps: first, designing the initial inverted cross-flow turbine based on the traditional design rules; for the second and third steps, a parametric study for comparing the runner diameter ratio and the number of blades is conducted; and in the last step optimized turbine was designed. The best efficiency point of the optimized inverted cross-flow turbine was 72.92 % at a runner rotational speed of 170 RPM with a 0.75 runner diameter ratio and 35 blades. The optimized turbine was improved by 7.8 % in power and 7.35 % in efficiency, higher than the initial turbine. From the hill chart comparison between the initial and optimized turbine, operation range expansion was confirmed. Overall, this research demonstrates the potential of the inverted cross-flow turbine under low-head conditions.

Cross-flow Turbine Design with Taguchi Method Approach

The current energy demand is very large, while the use of energy, which mostly uses petroleum and coal, is not matched by the availability of energy sources. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct research on alternative energy in order to provide energy security in the future. One alternative energy is water energy, which uses water turbines. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for design parameters for static pressure and magnitude speed in crossflow water turbine design. The testing was done using finite element method simulation, namely Autodesk CFD. Taguchi methodology analysis is used as an optimization method. The number of blades, blade angle, and water direction angle were set as design parameters with constant water discharge parameters. The resulting static pressure and magnitude velocity were observed as design criteria. The results of the Taguchi method analysis in this study show that the optimum static pressure received from the water turbine is at the number of blades, with 10 blades, a blade angle of 22°, and a water direction angle of 60°. While the optimum velocity of the water turbine is at the number of blades of 6, the blade angle is 20°, and the water direction angle is 60°.

Deployment of Design Sequence for Crossflow Turbine Functionality Enhancement

The grossly untapped hydro potential in the global south is attributed to the inadequate technical personnel; as one of the main factors limiting the design and manufacturing of efficient small hydropower (SHP) turbine plants. The technical personnel and production facilities available in the global south, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), cannot support the development of these components sufficiently. The study presents the CFT design process in a clearer and simplified manner. To bridge the technical knowledge gap, the study presents an improved SHP system design procedure through a partly isolated-based design sequence. The entire design process of the SHP turbine, with a focus on crossflow turbine (CFT), was divided into sections, subsections, and parts. The study presents connections between geometry, operation, and functionality of design parameters for CFT components, such as runner, shaft, pulley, and belt graphically and in tabular forms.

Cross-Flow Turbine Design of Micro hydro Power Generator for Rural Energy-Independent Area

This study aims to design a cross-flow turbine in a micro hydro power plant as an alternative energy source for Indonesian remote areas that do not have electricity. The research location for the turbine design in this study is in the Ngalau Baribuik, located in Batu Gadang, Lubuk Kilangan district, Padang city. Based on the analysis of water flow characteristics, the type of turbine that is suitable for low water debit and head condition is cross flow turbine. The geometry of the cross-flow turbine is designed by considering the power electricity needs of the community and the electrical potential at the site. This experimental research was carried out in two stages; field investigations related to water flow characteristics and energy need analysis of local communities, the design and manufacture of the turbine. Based on theoretical calculation, the cross-flow turbine can produce up to 5 kW of electrical power which can meet 70% of the community's energy needs.
 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sebuah turbin aliran silang pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) sebagai alternatif sumber energi bagi daerah terisolir yang belum teraliri listrik. PLTMH dirancang untuk masyarakat kawasan Ngalau Baribuik yang berlokasi di Batu Gadang Lubuk Kilangan kota Padang. Berdasarkan analisis karakteristik aliran, untuk kondisi debit dan tinggi jatuh air yang kecil turbin yang paling sesuai digunakan adalah aliran silang. Disain dan geometri turbin disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat dan potensi yang ada di lokasi. Penelitian eksperimen ini dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap; (a) investigasi lapangan terkait dengan karakteristik aliran air dan kebutuhan energi masyarakat, dan (b) proses perancangan dan pembuatan turbin. Secara teoritis, turbin aliran silang yang dirancang akan dapat memproduksi daya listrik hingga 5 kW yang akan memasok 25% kebutuhan energi masyarakat setempat.

RANCANG BANGUN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TURBIN AIR MIKRO HIDRO TIPE CROSS-FLOW KAPASITAS 2.500 WATT Di Kp. MULYASARI -BOGOR JAWA BARAT

To meet the electricity needs at night and the production of agricultural products in Kp. Mulyasari was designed and built a Micro Hydro Power Plant (PLTMH) Turbine which can produce power up to 2,500 Watt. This machine is designed to be easy to install, easy to operate, inexpensive to maintain. The selected turbine type is a Cross-Flow air turbine for a low head. Turbines operate at impulse pressure, where the potential energy of water is converted into kinetic energy through the nozzles to push the turbine's front blades. In the design of this turbine, it is designed, so that it has a long life span, low investment value, minimal maintenance costs, easy installation costs, and is driven by water, thereby conserving natural resources. The turbine is designed based on data from field survey results in Kp. Mulyasari, with results; Head (H) = 1.85 m; Water discharge (Q) = 0.2 m3 / s; Turbine rotation (planned) (n) = 214 rpm; Turbine efficiency (plan) (ηt) = 68%; Density of water (ρ) = 997.8 kg / m3. From the calculation results, obtained the Cross-Flow turbine design specifications as follows: High waterfall (H) = 1.85 m; Water discharge (Q) = 0.2 m3 / s; Turbine efficiency (plan) (ηt) = 68%; Power (N) = 2,497 kW; Rotation (n) = 214 rpm; Specific speed (ns) = 770,4138831 rpm; Road blade diameter (DL) = 0.40 m; Naaf diameter (Dn) = 0.035 m; Steering blade width (B) = 0.032 m; Number of road blades = 26 pieces.

Production of electricity employing sewerage lines using a micro cross flow turbine

In the design of cross flow turbines, efficiency is a significant parameter. The crossflow turbine for developing nations is the most cost-efficient electricity generation source and often used in isolated power systems. This research work analyzes the potential of electricity production using a micro-cross flow turbine from sewage lines. To measure the hydraulic potential of the sewage’s wastewater, flow rate at the connection point was investigated by experimentation on site and the efficiency of the micro cross flow turbine was evaluated. The experimental results show that the hydraulic potential of the selected point for electricity production is enough throughout the year. It also shows that the micro-cross flow turbine can be used effectively to produce electricity from the sewage at the link points. The highest efficient 2 mm head was observed with a maximum flow rate of 0.112 m3/s. Depending on the flow rate, the turbine velocity was 103-263 rpm. The maximum power of shaft was 284.58 W and the highest power generated was 196.24 W. The maximum overall efficiency was 68.2%. This article discusses the design, efficiency, operation and cost of low-head micro crossflow turbines.
 Keywords: Electricity Generation, Hydraulic Potential, Micro Cross Flow Turbine, Sewage

Computational parametric analysis of the design of cross-flow turbines under constraints

Abstract The cross-flow turbine is an attractive technology for small-scale hydropower generation thanks to its low capital cost and relatively high efficiency even under partial discharge operating conditions. It has been proposed that this kind of turbine can be manufactured from standard steel pipe sections given its simple geometry, an alternative that would further decrease the turbine’s capital cost compared to highly engineered cross-flow designs. This article explores the trade-offs encountered during the design of cross-flow turbines under the constrains imposed by the discrete set of dimensions available for commercial steel pipes. First, the computational model is presented, analyzed in terms of its convergence behavior, and validated with experimental data. Then, a parametric analysis is performed to understand the relative importance of the design variables and their optimum value in regard to the turbine efficiency. Based on the design guidelines derived from the parametric analysis, an example cross-flow turbine design is presented and thoroughly characterized, demonstrating that it is possible to engineer a cross-flow turbine of competitive efficiency out of commercial steel pipes. These guidelines may encourage the use of cross-flow turbines as an appropriate technology for off-grid regions.

Design of Cross-Flow Turbine for Hydro-power Plant (Runner)

Design of Cross-Flow Turbine for Hydro-power Plant (Runner)

Design of Cross Flow Turbine and Analysis of Runners Dimensions on Various Head and Flow Rate

Design of Cross Flow Turbine and Analysis of Runners Dimensions on Various Head and Flow Rate

Impact of blade mounting structures on cross-flow turbine performance

Cross-flow or vertical-axis turbines are flow energy conversion devices in which lift forces cause blades to rotate around an axis perpendicular to the flow. In marine currents, rivers, and some wind energy applications, cross-flow turbines are a promising alternative to more conventional axial-flow turbines. The performance implications of the choice of structure used to mount turbine blades to the central shaft are examined experimentally in a recirculating water flume. Turbine performance is found to be strongly dependent on the choice of the mounting structure. Power loss due to rotational drag on these structures is estimated experimentally by rotating the mounting structure without blades. Through a perturbation-theory approach, interactions between turbine blades and mounting structures are examined. Analytical models for the power loss due to mounting structure drag are introduced and shown to be consistent with experiments. To provide guidance for cross-flow turbine design, the models are re-formulated in terms of non-dimensional turbine geometric and operational parameters. Mounting blades solely at their mid-span is shown to decrease performance through multiple fluid effects. Using foil cross-section struts located at the turbine blade tips is found to result in the highest turbine performance.

Desain Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro di Air Terjun Kedung Kayang

Kedung Kayang waterfall is located on the border of Magelang and Boyolali regency of Central Java. The waterfall is 38 meters high, so it has the potential to be used as a micro hydro power plant (MHP). In designing the MHP, it requires some studies including hydrology, civil, mechanical, and electrical. The purpose of this research is to predict the water discharge, determine the potential of hydro power, selection of MHP sites, design of hydro turbine and electric generator. This research uses Penman Modification method to calculate evapotranspiration, Mock method to calculate water discharge, geographical mapping for MHP sites selection and cross-flow turbine design calculation. This paper presents the results of MHP design consist of MHP capacity, selection of MHP sites, penstock design, cross-flow turbine design and electric generator selection. The result showed that dependable water discharge is 0.143 m3 / sec, effective head is 19.5 meters, hydro potential is 27.33 kW, and electric power that can be produced is 18 kW, length and diameter penstock are 81,74 m and 26,77 m, hydro turbine used cross flow type with outer diameter of the runner is 17,17 cm, inner diameter is 11,45 cm and width is 59,16 cm. MHP site is located in Klakah village, Selo Sub-district, Boyolali District.

Cross-Flow Turbine Design for Energy Production and Discharge Regulation

AbstractCross-flow turbines are very efficient and cheap turbines that allow a very good cost/benefit ratio for energy production located at the end of conduits carrying water from a water source to a tank. In this paper, a new design procedure for a cross-flow turbine working with a variable flow rate is proposed. The regulation of the head immediately upstream the turbine is faced by adopting a shaped semicircular segment moving around the impeller. The maximum efficiency of the turbine is attained by setting the velocity of the particles entering the impeller at about 2× the velocity of the rotating system at the impeller inlet. If energy losses along the pipe are negligible, the semicircular segment allows always a constant hydraulic head and a constant velocity at the impeller inlet, even with variable flow rate. The decrease of the turbine efficiency along with the inlet surface reduction is first investigated; a design methodology, using also computational fluid dynamics simulations, is then propos...

Cross-flow Turbine Design for Variable Operating Conditions

The potential energy hidden in water resources is becoming more and more a significant economic value. The value of the hydroelectric energy is often magnified by the proximity of the turbine to pumps or other energy sinks owned by the same water manager. Cross-flow or Banki-Michel turbines are a very efficient and economic choice that allows a very good cost/benefit ratio for energy production located at the end of conduits carrying water from a water source to a tank. In the paper the optimum design of a cross-flow turbine is sought after, assuming a flow rate variable in time.Regulation of the discharge entering in the turbine is a key issue, which is faced adopting a shaped semicircular segment, moved inside the main case around the rotating impeller. The maximum efficiency of the turbine is attained by setting the velocity of the particles entering the impeller at about twice the velocity of the rotating system at the impeller inlet. If energy losses along the pipe are negligible, closing and opening the inlet surface with the semicircular segment allows always a constant hydraulic head and a constant velocity at the impeller inlet, even with different flow rate entering values. Observed reduction of the turbine efficiency along with the inlet surface reduction is first investigated; a design methodology, using also CFD simulations, is then proposed; finally, the same methodology is applied to a real site in Sicily, selected in the context of the HYDROENERGY P.O. - F.E.S.R. European project.