Design Of Construction Projects Research Articles

Analysis of Construction Project Basing on Concrete Durability

In response to this phenomenon that many construction projects failed much earlier than their expected service life ,or failed to accomplish their expected functions caused by the reinforeed conerete structure are found to be suffering from deterioratioon of structural performance and degradation of safety,due to the deficiency of concrete durability. From the perspective of what effect of economic that has been taken by the concrete durability,so the method what would been used to analyze economic of construction project was proposed ,and the objective function of economic analysis of construction project was created based on the concrete durability,all of the above work will lay a solid foundation to study the reliability design of construction project and economic analysis.

Simulation of growth normal fault sandbox tests using the 2D discrete element method

A fault slip can cause the deformation of shallow soil layers and destroy infrastructures. The Shanchiao Fault on the west side of the Taipei Basin is one such fault. The activities of the Shanchiao Fault have caused the quaternary sediment beneath the Taipei Basin to become deformed, damaging structures, traffic construction, and utility lines in the area. Data on geological drilling and dating have been used to determine that a growth fault exists in the Shanchiao Fault. In an experiment, a sandbox model was built using noncohesive sandy soil to simulate the existence of a growth fault in the Shanchiao Fault and forecast the effect of the growth fault on shear-band development and ground differential deformation. The experimental results indicated that when a normal fault contains a growth fault at the offset of the base rock, the shear band develops upward beside the weak side of the shear band of the original-topped soil layer, and surfaces considerably faster than that of the single-topped layer. The offset ratio required is approximately one-third that of the single-cover soil layer. In this study, a numerical simulation of the sandbox experiment was conducted using a discrete element method program, PFC2D, to simulate the upper-covering sand layer shear-band development pace and the scope of a growth normal fault slip. The simulation results indicated an outcome similar to that of the sandbox experiment, which can be applied to the design of construction projects near fault zones.

Legal and contractual foundations of intellectual property of design of construction projects

Viable improvement of any complex in micro and macro scales requires producing novel plans and having the complex to make use of innovative technologies and findings. In most developmental projects, the project consultants are responsible for producing plans and for directing the projects towards providing the opportunity to make use of the mentioned facilities. The beneficiaries' interests are considered as one of the issues to be considered while producing and directing plans. The interests of the projects' consultants include material and intellectual property of the plans made. Because some deficits exist in intellectual property law and the period of the legal proceedings is too long, it is possible that when the plan is made within the project consultancy group, other legal and real persons ignore the goals of the project and begin to use the plan just for the progress of their own interests. Emphasizing on the intellectual property of the plans made by the consultants, present regulations, comprehensiveness of the regulations and the necessity of ratification of the appropriate regulations, this essay deals with the intellectual property of the innovative plans. Keywords: Intellectual Property Consultant Plans of Developmental Projects - Contracts.

Multi‐criteria decision making for collaborative design optimization of buildings

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to improve current design processes by proposing a new approach based on multi‐criteria optimization of the designed asset. Management of design in construction projects is a complex task since it involves collaboration between professionals in multiple disciplines. Traditionally, designers work with a single solution at a time which is iteratively modified according to the view points of all the consultants. This results in sub‐optimal solutions. A multi‐criteria approach is able to accommodate diverse view points of specialist consultants in a construction project, aiming at a better optimized building system.Design/methodology/approachThe shortcomings of current design practices are analyzed based on a literature review. It is found that current approaches involving single objective optimization or Pareto optimization are not adequate for supporting collaborative design processes. A new approach to managing multiple objectives in design is proposed. This involves performing multi‐objective optimization, presenting a population of good solutions to the design consultants and selecting the best solution through an algorithm called RR‐PARETO2 (Relaxed‐Restricted Pareto) filtering. A software tool with a graphical user interface was developed. An example of the design of a building façade is taken to evaluate the application of this approach.FindingsThe paper provides empirical evidence that a multi‐objective optimization approach is able to provide support for the task of accommodating multiple viewpoints in design. The proposed methodology allows navigation through the solution space and pruning it visually by applying constraints. It is shown that the RR‐PARETO2 is able to select a good compromise solution with the best trade‐offs among all the objectives.Originality/valueThe idea of visualizing and filtering a population of design solutions has been proposed by design researchers for a long time, but is not currently adopted in practice in construction projects. The idea of collaborative filtering of the solution space according to the viewpoints of all the consultants by visually applying constraints on design variables and objectives is a new concept, the ultimate aim being a better balanced built asset. This is the first time the RR‐PARETO2 algorithm has been applied to building design.

Measuring information flow in the detailed design of construction projects

Waste in engineering design has many facets, from partial utilization of the solution space, to wasteful management of design resources, and creation of erroneous and ineffective design documents. In the detailed construction documentation design phase of construction projects with teams comprising multiple independent designers, slow and interrupted information flows lead to significant waste. Applying lean principles, such as reducing batch sizes, cycle times and work in progress inventories, to the management of information flows may improve processes and reduce waste in this phase of the design process, but the lack of a method for measuring the volume, rate and effectiveness of information flow is an obstacle to research. This study proposes measuring the flow of information in the process of detailed design where construction documents are prepared. Measures and indices of flow were formulated based on examination of empirical data compiled by monitoring flows of design information in the detailed design stage of each of fourteen construction projects. Data describing the flows was drawn from the database logs created through practitioners’ use of a project extranet service. Indices for identifying information flow bottlenecks, large batch sizes and accumulation of work in process were computed and validated for four of the projects by comparing them with the results of independent observations of design coordination meetings. An index for measuring rework was also computed but could not be validated. The indices and information flow graphs are intended to assist in identifying faults or bottlenecks in the process either as they happen or in retrospective study, indicating disruptions in the information flow. As such, they are important tools for research of engineering design and may be of practical use in design management if incorporated in future online design management tools.

USO DE LA METODOLOGÍA COSTES DE LA CALIDAD EN EL DISEÑO DE PROYECTOS DE CONSTRUCCIÓN (CCDPC): CASO DE ESTUDIO.

Nowadays a systematic approach in design process for construction projects is necessary, just as the development of tools to monitor ef? ciently the quality costs and to manage continuous improvement in this area. A methodology for measuring and monitoring quality costs in the design of construction projects (QCDPC) was proposed by the authors of this paper in previous literatures. QCDPC is based on the Process Cost Model (PCM), developed in the BS 6143 Part 1 and on the Project Design Methodology at the Polytechnic University of Cataluna. This paper describes five cases study using CCDPC method, through which quantifying the cost of a poor quality in the processes design was possible. At the same time, the cases study showed how viable and versatile the methodology was. The CCDPC proposal is in line with the concepts of Total Management Quality (TQM), the process approach and the continuous improvement ISO 9000 for management quality.

Facilitating Client Value Creation in the Conceptual Design Phase of Construction Projects: A Workshop Approach

If client values are not fully understood in a construction project it is likely to result in either low fulfilment of client expectations or multiple design alterations during the project process which lead to additional costs and frustration among the project participants. However, it is not a straightforward management task to operationalize client value in construction. Within this context, the client group comprises multiple stakeholders, which often have conflicting goals and values that may not be fully realized by the stakeholders themselves. The management challenge is further complicated by the fact that the delivery team, which is responsible for understanding and delivering client value, is made up of even more different parties. The article reports the initial outcome of a joint research project between academics and practitioners, which aims to develop a practical workshop model that incorporates client values into the conceptual design of construction projects. The workshop model draws on value management and lean thinking as underlying principles in an attempt to address the ambiguous concept of ‘value’.

Analysis of construction projects by means of value curves

The present work analyzes the expectations and relationships of the three key stakeholders involved in the construction project management process: the construction Promoter (the company that finances, owns and represents the interests of the client), the project designers (the company that elaborates the construction project) and the builder (the company that executes the construction project). In this article we propose an analysis of the project stakeholders’ expectations using the strategy canvas tool (a graphical model that uses value curves as a way of measuring the evaluation of the key factors involved in the design of the construction project document). The analysis aims to provide evidence on the phases, characteristics and documents of the construction project design and management process better rated by the agents involved in the process. The analysis of the value curves will provide evidence on deficiencies in the elaboration of the construction project document and will allow us to propose some solutions for certain situations. The work presented is based on the answers supplied by 111 interviewed people belonging to the three agents mentioned above.

A satisfying leadership behaviour model for design consultants

Design of construction project is a collective effort involving a team of specialists from different organisations. A lack of direct contractual relationships makes the line of authority subtle. The leadership of the design team leader could affect the productivity of the design team and therefore the project success. This paper aims to establish the relationship between leadership behaviours of design team leader and the satisfaction of the design team members. An empirical survey was carried out in Hong Kong and the results indicate that “charismatic” and “participative” leadership behaviours of the design team leader primarily determine the satisfaction of the team members. A satisfying leadership behaviours (SLB) model has been developed by multiple regression analysis based on the identified leadership behaviours. The SLB model was validated and the result reveals that the prediction error of the model is satisfactory. The practical usage of the SLB model has also been examined in this paper.

Earthquake program authorization increased

House and Senate actions have substantially increased the funding potentially available for the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program in 1981. The Senate has passed a version of the legislation that would also extend authorization for 3 years, through 1983. The Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act was due for reauthorization this year (EOS, 61, April 1 and May 6).The Senate version of the legislation adds about $3.5 million to the administration's request for FY 1981; the House version, about $ 7 million. Most of the increase in both bills is slated for use by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (Fema), the coordinating agency for the program. Fema is responsible for such actions as planning for public response to earthquake predict ions; making information available to and educating architects and engineers about incorporating seismic safety design in construction projects; and community planning for earthquake disasters.