Business Model Design Research Articles

The clash of capital behind the European Super League --- Comparative research on the organisational structure and the business models of European football leagues and the Major Professional Sports Leagues in the United States

In this study, in retrospection of the concurrent controversies surrounding the formation of the European Super League, the author seeks to uncover the rooted structural problems out of which arising the concerned disputes. With systematic review of existing literatures, the organisational structures and business models of professional sports leagues including European football leagues and US major sports leagues are comparatively analysed with reference to the measurement of organizational efficacy. Comparisons upon the organisational structures, business models and concerned sociocultural context behind the two sets of aforementioned sports leagues are included in the analytical sections. This paper finds that the design of business model and organisational structures of European football leagues and US major sports leagues are deeply influenced by the historical inheritance of the culturally formulated contexts. Functioning of the leagues, based on their incumbent models, dynamically reconstruct the cultural sphere of concerned leagues along the existing track predetermined by the past of the sports within the related societies.

Methods that bridge business models and business processes: a synthesis of the literature

PurposeBusiness models are increasingly recognized as a concept to support innovation in organizations. The implementation and operation of a new or altered business model involves the (re-)design of an organization's business processes and their successful execution. This study reviews and synthesizes the existing body of literature to guide organizations in systematically moving from a business model design to the implementation and operation of the business model through their underlying business processes.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review of the methods that bridge business models and business processes is performed. The selected 34 studies are classified according to the method's characteristics and the support in the design, implementation and operation of business models.FindingsThe results of the systematic review provide an overview of existing methods that organizations can adopt when moving from business model design into the implementation and operation of their business model using processes.Originality/valueThis work provides a comprehensive overview and detailed insight into the existing methods that align business models and business processes. It increases the understanding on how these two concepts can be synthesized to support more effective digital innovation in organizations. Based on the review results, knowledge gaps are identified and an agenda for future research bridging the fields of business models and business processes is proposed.

Research on Luckin Coffee Brand Creative Design and Business Model

After a deep financial crisis, Luckin Coffee made a series of adjustments to the new retail business model and brand creative design. Let it re-establish a good image in front of the public. The product will have good economic and social benefits, which have certain reference significance for similar marketing enterprises. The article will use the Survey method to study. The article will cover the process and impact of the deep financial crisis, business model self-help, and the creation of popular products. An in-depth study explores Luckin Coffee’s Brand Creative Design, such as brand culture design, brand culture media, brand APP design, and offline brand experience store design. The article finds that design, as an effective marketing method, has a positive effect on establishing corporate brands. As a designer, the concept of marketing and the needs of the public must also be integrated into the design. This determines whether the design can succeed, whether it can open up and occupy the market for the enterprise, and whether it can help the enterprise survive and develop. In terms of business model, the company should use Internet technology and big data capabilities to empower product development and store operations.

Business Model Design of E-Commerce: the Effectiveness of Drop Shipping and its Transformation

Business Model Design of E-Commerce: the Effectiveness of Drop Shipping and its Transformation

Бізнес-модельне проектування електронної комерції: ефективність дропшипінгу та його трансформація

The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical process of formation and use of business models in e-commerce. The authors analyse the growth trend of digital business models research at the global level. The paper considers directions of principles of formation of corporate business models. As an example of using the Osterwalder’s canvas of a business model, the authors studied the online rental service Airbnb. The article shows the business model design of e-commerce based on the drop shipping business model. The paper defines the consistent and successive stages of development of this type of business and compares the advantages and disadvantages of adopting the drop shipping business model in business projects. Due to the research, there will be an increase in sales as a result of the use of the drop shipping business model. Essentially, the study acquired the importance of formation, evolution and use of business models in general company management, taking into consideration contemporary features of ecommerce

Sustainable Business Model Design: A Multi-Case Approach Exploring Generic Strategies and Dynamic Capabilities on the Example of German Wine Estates

Business model design needs to encounter increasing and highly dynamic challenges due to counter-caesural environmental changes. Empirical research on strategic sustainability is expected to provide guidance for needed dynamic transformation and sustainability. The reported research builds on a multi-case research of four German wine estates. The cases each represent a specific generic strategic grouping and distinct business models and are thereby suited to analyse sustainability by leaning on the concept of dynamic capabilities. Sustainability was examined as a strategic vehicle for innovation in the wine industry and a nuanced view of dynamic capabilities. Premium strategist turned out to strongly engage and profile in sustainability with aligned dynamic capabilities as a building block to generate premium products. Quality leadership also leverages product quality with comprehensive dynamic capabilities aiming for sustainability by building on size and a professional structure but less on environmental profiling. The price–value strategy approaches sustainability primarily from a market-based and circular economy view. Niche strategist’s dynamic capabilities in the analysed population illustrated an entrepreneurial and effectuation-based approach with specific dynamic capabilities fine-tuned to exploit market opportunities. The multi-case analyses thereby allowed us to identify strategy-specific and business-model-suiting capabilities.

Does the combination of sustainable business model patterns lead to truly sustainable business models? Critical analysis of existing frameworks and extensions

Business models can be created by combining business model patterns. The use of patterns can stimulate creativity of entrepreneurs and support the design of innovative business models for sustainability. In this article, we analyze the frameworks on sustainable business model (SBM) patterns, which can be mainly classified along the three dimensions of the triple bottom line (TBL): economic, environmental, and social. Furthermore, we introduce the concept of “truly sustainable business models” by drawing on contingency and system theory. We observe that the simple application of the frameworks of business model patterns by combining economic, environmental, and social business model patterns for sustainability into one single business model does not necessarily lead to a truly sustainable business model. Therefore, the combination of patterns along the TBL seems a necessary, but not sufficient condition for achieving true sustainability, and hence, the mere reliance on SBM patterns in business model design can be misleading to entrepreneurs. Our conceptual work advances research related to frameworks on SBM patterns by identifying three critical levels for the analysis of whether a business model is truly sustainable or not. The first level is inherent to the business model as a system; the second is related to the larger system, in which the business model is embedded; and the third is about the contingency factors that can impact the sustainability effectiveness of the business model over time.

A business model design for hydrogen refueling stations: A multi-level game approach

There is currently a “mother-daughter” model for hydrogen refueling stations (HRS). On-site “mother” stations produce hydrogen from city natural gas or water electrolysis, and off-site “daughter” stations are supplied with hydrogen from nearby on-site stations. This HRS system is a micro hydrogen supply chain that includes hydrogen suppliers, retailers, and end consumers characterized via demand functions. The present paper designs an optimal business model for this distributed HRS system using a multi-level game model, given that on-site and off-site HRS can operate individually or as a coalition to supply hydrogen. Stackelberg game and Shapley value models are constructed to explore how cooperative operation is superior by generating more profits than separate operation. Accordingly, in order to promote cooperation between on-site and off-site operators of HRS, an evolutionary game model is developed to investigate the allocation of profits and coordinated costs on the equilibrium of cooperative operation. The authors conclude that boosting the initial probabilities of actors to choose cooperative strategies and decreasing the coordinated cost can lead the game system to the ideal consequence. The present paper offers recommendations including establishing regulation standards for HRS operation, and advancing the information technology to design a more effective cooperative mechanism.

A typology of business models for energy communities: Current and emerging design options

In the European energy transition, energy communities have gained an increasing amount of attention. To support widespread diffusion, academic and practice-oriented studies have called for a business model perspective on energy communities. This study presents a morphological analysis of 90 energy communities and pioneering companies that apply business model design options that can be adopted in energy communities. The sample was selected based on implementation examples focusing on community solutions, a multivector energy approach, or a combination of both. Based on this analysis, we have identified 25 emerging business model design options for energy communities. The presented typology allows users to configure tailor-made business models for energy communities, hence supporting community facilitators in the development process. The presented frequency analysis of the design options shows the potential for the further development of energy communities. The typology contributes to the literature on energy communities by offering one of the first studies to adopt a business model perspective. Through a morphological approach, the typology can be used as a tool for developers of energy communities, offering a robust set of business model design options.

TMT transactive memory system and business model design: the moderating effect of strategic orientation

PurposeTop management team (TMT) serves as the critical designer of a firm’s business model, whose cognition exerts key influence on business model design (BMD). Drawing insights from the managerial cognition and knowledge-based views, this paper aims to examine the effect of TMT transactive memory system on BMD and investigate how the relationship between TMT transactive memory system and BMD is contingent upon the firm’s strategic orientation.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data collected from 210 Chinese firms was used to test the research hypotheses through multivariate regression analysis.FindingsThis paper reveals that TMT transactive memory system facilitates novelty- and efficiency-centered BMD. Furthermore, both differentiation orientation and cost leadership orientation can strengthen the effect of TMT transactive memory system on novelty-centered BMD; the impact of TMT transactive memory system on efficiency-centered BMD is weakened by differentiation orientation but strengthened by cost leadership orientation.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the business model literature by unraveling the effect of TMT transactive memory system on BMD, which not only enriches the internal cognitive antecedents of BMD but also provides an in-depth understanding of how TMTs can use their knowledge structure to proactively design a certain business model. Moreover, this paper also offers insights into how TMTs can better use transactive memory system to design business models according to the specific strategic orientation.

Business Model Design Based on Blue Ocean Strategy Based for Eco-Friendly Sativa Mouthwash

Sativa mouthwash based on 3% nigella sativa extract contains thymoquinone which can reduce the porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria that causes gingivitis and bad breath. Based on the inhibition zone test it can reduce the E faecalis bacteria that causes cavities. Oral hygiene and health have a broad impact on the condition of the immune system of all organs of the human body. Such a great opportunity for the development of the world of health, it is necessary to develop a business strategy for Sativa mouthwash products through the Business Model Canvas and its blue ocean strategy. Problems that often occur to consumers with a tropical climate in Indonesia are oral health problems and concerns about product safety for the health of other organs. This research method uses descriptive analysis with case studies on Sativa brand mouthwash products. The results of the SWOT analysis are in quadrant I (1.610928; 2.326923), indicating that there are still many strengths and opportunities for the development of the Sativa mouthwash product business. Progressive action is needed through the redesign of the Business Model Canvas, followed by the preparation of the Blue Ocean Strategic using a four-step framework, including no longer using unprofessional key partners, reducing waste in the production and distribution process, increasing value propositions, and creating a unique and attractive web for educating community about the importance of oral health and the importance of using mouthwash that is safe and eco-friendly.

A typology of sustainable circular business models with applications in the bioeconomy

As an approach to sustainable development, circular business models are increasingly being developed. However, many circular business models focus on environmental or technological contributions to sustainability rather than considering all dimensions of sustainability simultaneously. Based on existing sustainable business model archetypes, a hierarchical business model typology is developed that allows a stepwise exploration of sustainable business model innovation opportunities incorporating an environmental, social and economic dimension. An analysis of business model components generates a closer look on the six newly defined Sustainable Circular Business Models. Finally, a conceptual application for organic waste valorization technologies, supported by examples from literature, allows a practical view on the implementation of the business models in the bio-economy. The typology offers a guide toward sustainable business model design or innovation opportunities centered around technologies creating value from waste.

Business models based on sharing fashion and accessories: Qualitative-empirical insights into a new type of sharing economy business models

The sharing economy has become a major topic of interest for researchers during the last decade. Especially parts of the sharing economy such as carsharing or accommodation sharing and the design of business models firms employ in this realm have been widely analyzed. However, other parts of the sharing economy did by now not make their way into the spotlight of research. In this paper, the focus is set on the sharing of fashion and accessories. Against the background of a two-step multiple-case study based on interviews with representatives of 14 case firms as well as open interviews with 102 customers of these case firms, we uncover, characterize, and categorize the business model design employed by these firms and also gain insights into the customer perception of the established business model designs. The results show that the employed business models considerably differ in terms of the value proposition, but are very much alike related to value creation and especially value delivery as well as value capture. Furthermore, customers mainly base their decision on accepting a firm offering on the provided value proposition. Linking the main findings, this paper provides new and interesting insights into the aspect of trust in sharing-focused settings and the roles greenwashing and social washing play in this realm.

Conventroad.com: a fashion curation experiment

Learning outcomes The case is an example of the dilemma and constraints an entrepreneur faces as they go forward in implementing ideas while setting up an enterprise. Through the eyes of John, the case helps the participants to understand and analyse two distinct business models, the bricks and clicks model and an online aggregator model and evaluate them using a visual business tool like the business model canvas (BMC). Thus, the case helps the participants to:▪ Analyse the customer segments and demand.▪ Apply frameworks for analysing a new venture’s prospects.▪ Understand two distinct business models and learn how to sketch a business model using the BMC.▪ Compare various business model designs using the BMC template. Case overview/synopsis Set against the backdrop of high consumerism and haute couture, conventroad.com is an example of fashion aggregation and curation in the online platform. Once known as the fashion hub of Kerala with its crowded streets, cramped with boutiques on each corner, Convent Road lost its following as big and major stores left the miniscule space for better facilities in the name of development. This case follows Rijin John, founder and developer, through the course of his idea conceptualisation. In an attempt to regain its popularity through the internet, John set out to rope all the popular Convent Road boutiques into one platform. But, as more options became available, John was in a dilemma about whether he should continue to try to convince the indifferent boutique owners to be a part of his enterprise or explore an alternative model and create a platform for weavers while sacrificing the brand value of Convent Road. Complexity academic level The case is designed for use in an undergraduate or graduate-level course on entrepreneurship, marketing, business policy and managing growing ventures. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

Sustainable Business Models Innovation and Design Thinking: A Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review of Literature

The process of integrating sustainability into businesses and processes is still recent, both in startups, small and medium-sized companies and even multinationals. Sustainable business models became a phenomenon of global interest and Design Thinking has been increasingly used as a strategy to support this process. In this context, the aim of this article is to improve the understanding of how Design Thinking (DT) and its set of tools and methods contribute to the creation and innovation of sustainable business models (SBM). The analysis of frameworks indicates that the main methodologies linking Design Thinking and Sustainable Business Models are Workshops, Brainstorming, Co-creation and Prototyping. Also, approaches such as Circular Economy, Business Models and Product-Service System models are emerging as a means of enabling the collaborative consumption of products and services and with positive results for sustainable business. The analysis of the articles reveals that user-oriented innovation and analysis of stakeholder needs is present in practically all evaluated frames, but prototyping and experimentation represent a gap that should be better explored in the frameworks.

Design of Off-Grid Lighting Business Models to Serve the Poor: Field Experiments and Structural Analysis

Design of Off-Grid Lighting Business Models to Serve the Poor: Field Experiments and Structural Analysis

Qualitative design and quantitative analysis of sustainable business models using value triangular business model canvas and system dynamics

To date, the use of three key aspects together has received little attention in studies on sustainable business models (SBMs). These aspects are a) the qualitative design of SBMs based on a valid sustainable business model canvas presented so far, b) the dynamic quantitative analysis of the designed SBMs, and c) the identification of appropriate business policies for different future scenarios, not just for one. Therefore, in this research, an attempt is made to study all three aspects by proposing a new practical framework based on one of the latest SBMs, called value triangular business model canvas (VTBMC), and system dynamics. To evaluate the proposed framework in the real world, it was implemented as a case study in Farassan Industrial and Manufacturing Company, one of the companies producing composite pipes. The results showed that the proposed framework helps business owners and managers identify the proper policies to achieve their key business objectives in the future under critical uncertainties and also create appropriate balanced values for a wide range of stakeholders, rather than just for shareholders.

УПРАВЛІННЯ ОНЛАЙН-ЛОЯЛЬНІСТЮ СПОЖИВАЧА ЯК ОБ’ЄКТИВНА УМОВА АДАПТИВНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ТОРГІВЛІ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ

Ukraine's integration into the global economic system raises the issue of adaptive development of each business entity in all areas of activity, among which trade enterprises play a predominant role. In the information society, the Internet is transforming from a communication channel into an environment for consumers to stay and interact. Knowledge of the level of consumer loyalty and the determinants of consumer choice is key to determining the prospects and opportunities for development, as it allows forming a theoretical basis for determining certain levers of adaptation and understanding how to increase consumer loyalty to achieve the desired state of the trade enterprise. The art of managing the adaptive development of a trade enterprise in modern conditions is to harmonise business with digital transformations. The management of a trade enterprise should adequately assess the potential of adaptive development in terms of opportunities to increase the level of online consumer loyalty. The study defines the essence of digital business transformation and notes the need for appropriate adaptation of business processes in accordance with the requirements and needs of modern consumers in the implementation of processes of adaptation of a trade enterprise to modern transformations. The article develops a circular model of adaptation of enterprise activity in accordance with the requirements and requests of the consumer, the main stages of which are as follows: analysis of the actual state of a trade enterprise → formation of a development strategy and development of alternative plans (optimistic, realistic and optimistic) → design of a new generation operational business model → changes and adaptation of business processes. A system of factors influencing the formation of online consumer loyalty has been formed as a basis for the formation of a successful adaptation strategy for enterprise development and building adaptive models of enterprise behaviour in the market. An approach to managing online consumer loyalty is proposed, which allows not only to determine the direction of adaptive development of a trade enterprise, but also creates an opportunity to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the value proposition (product, pricing and communication policies, website and staff usability), optimise consumer efforts in terms of: collecting information about the product, selecting, processing and delivering the product and its consumption, which will contribute to the formation of a positive consumer experience, increase trust in the retailer and the level of customer satisfaction.

DETERMINANTE POSLOVNOG MODELA NEPROFITNIH ORGANIZACIJA

Non-profit organizations face many challenges in modern society, which is burdened by growing dynamics and competition. Therefore, the tendency is for non-profit organizations to incorporate the practice of corporate governance in the domain of organization, control and business responsibility. This shifted the focus of operational management of modern non-profit organizations to attracting funds, while the strategic measure of the success of non-profit organizations through contribution in the social dimension is retained. The primary goal of this work is to indicate and emphasize the determinants of the modern concept of managing non-profit organizations in order to satisfy the public interest, i.e. stakeholders. Adequate application and design of specific business models for different types of non-profit organizations enables numerous benefits to be realized for all social actors. Therefore, the results of the work can benefit the creators of social policies as an instrument for improving the social framework, and the creators of non-profit organizations as a basis for improving the expediency of business

Product destruction: Exploring unsustainable production-consumption systems and appropriate policy responses

The practice of product destruction, whereby retailers or manufacturers dispose of viable consumer products such as unsold goods or customer returns, is an extreme expression of the linearity of our current production-consumption system. This qualitative exploratory study aims to uncover why companies engage in this highly unsustainable and resource-inefficient behaviour and to explore the potential policy interventions required to effectively address the issue. In-depth interviews were conducted with eleven experts from the textiles and electronics sectors to understand the driving forces behind this practice and provide a bottom-up perspective on appropriate policy interventions. The research identified two distinct sets of factors that contribute to product destruction. Upstream factors influence overall levels of customer returns and unsold stock and primarily include aspects of the retailer's business model, consumer expectations and product design. Downstream factors drive companies to dispose of these products rather than to pursue product life-extension strategies such as repair and reuse. Key downstream factors include economic incentives, profit-margin considerations, liability and brand integrity concerns, the availability of reuse networks and management issues. Consequently, to meaningfully address product destruction, a policy mix is required to simultaneously target upstream and downstream factors and change the behaviour of different actors, from manufacturers and retailers to consumers and reuse organisations.