Design Companies Research Articles

Knowledge and Skills of Senior Architectural Design Students in China: A Channel for Enhancing Future Career Readiness

This chapter presents the findings of the study regarding the assessments of senior architectural design students' knowledge and skills from the perspectives of both the students and employers. The aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the respondents’ evaluations in various domains critical to architectural education and practice. This paper adopts descriptive quantitative with qualitative data to study the knowledge and skills of architectural design students from different perspectives of architectural design students and design firms (employers) to address deficiencies in key areas of architectural education and practice. In terms of knowledge level evaluation, architectural design students and architectural design companies (employers) evaluate key areas such as design skills, technical knowledge, theoretical understanding, sustainable development awareness and communication skills, and their degree is at a medium level (I). In terms of skill level assessment, architectural design students and architectural design companies (employers) evaluated specific abilities in design skills and creativity, technical ability, project management, sustainable design, and communication and presentation skills, and their levels were at the proficient level (P). evaluate the knowledge and skills level of Chinese architectural design students and develop a corresponding professional improvement plan.

Optimisation of the quality of care for patients with severe asthma: ASfarMA project

Severe asthma has an important impact on patients and healthcare resources. Recently, the new specific treatments have defined a new scenario in which person-focused care and specialist multidisciplinary teams are...

The impact of sustainable design and construction upon FM: four case studies

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the impact of sustainability measures taken during the design and construction phases, by examining two categories of sustainability: energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions and material selection and waste management. These aspects are examined from the perspectives of long-term building performance and maintenance practices, as well as user/tenant satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach This study includes a literature review related to the two topics under consideration, followed by a comparative case study analysis of four projects to determine practical validity. All case studies in this paper used a semi-structured survey with various project stakeholders, which helped the authors identify measures taken as well as obstacles and challenges during the process. Findings According to the four case studies, adequate attention should be paid to the two areas of interest during a project’s design and construction phases. Including case studies from around the world (four case studies from three different countries) offers insights into effective sustainability practices in building design and construction, providing instances of successful implementation and emphasizing the obstacles and potential when incorporating sustainability into the design and construction phases. Research limitations/implications The findings also show that design and construction participants and companies should reduce waste generation and carbon emissions. In addition, they should make decisions on material selection to enhance projects’ sustainability and to contribute to creating a habitable planet for the future. Originality/value The influence of the design and construction phases on long-term project sustainability is of major importance and concern to users, owners, designers, contractors and facility managers. This study illustrates the necessity of including sustainability measures in the design and construction phases, highlighting the importance of sustainability in building design and construction through effective implementation techniques and interdisciplinary teamwork to realize sustainable goals.

Biotemplated Fe/La-co-doped TiO2 for photocatalytic depth treatment of compressed leachate from refuse transfer station.

Compressed leachate is a contaminated liquid containing various organic and inorganic pollutants produced in municipal refuse transfer stations, which pollute soil and groundwater, posing serious risks to the environment and human health. The Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, South China) treated compressed leachate obtained from a refuse transfer station. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) (641.2mg/L) of treated compressed leachate did not meet the wastewater quality standards in China for discharge into municipal sewers (COD ≤ 500mg/L) and the company's design discharge requirements (COD ≤ 400mg/L). Therefore, their further in-depth treatment is necessary. To this end, waste tobacco leaves were used as the biotemplate herein, and Fe/La-co-doped TiO2 (xFe,yLa)-TTiO2(g) was synthesized using a solvothermal-assisted biotemplating method. The photocatalytic depth treatment of compressed leachate was performed under simulated solar light using the prepared catalysts. After (3Fe,3La)-TTiO2(g) treatment, the COD of the leachate decreased from 641.2 to 280.1mg/L, and the COD removal rate was 1.2, 1.1, and 1.6 times higher than that of pure Fe-doped, La-doped and non-biological template TiO2, respectively. Characterization confirmed that the biological template endowed the catalyst with a unique morphology and high specific surface area. Its rich activity sites are conducive to enhancing the adsorption capacity of pollutants and providing an ideal place for photocatalytic reactions. Co-doping with iron and lanthanum ions altered the band structure of TiO2 and promoted the interconversion of Fe3+/Fe2+ and La3+/La2+ during photocatalysis. First-principles density functional theory simulations demonstrated that co-doping Fe and La in TiO2 created impurity levels that facilitated the transfer of photogenerated electrons. This study provides a new purification pathway for the depth treatment of compressed leachate.

Research on Consumer Needs of LINE Brand Based on Internet Brand Cultural Code and Touchpoint Design Theory

Brand image design is a personalized image design created based on the recognition of the brand. A complete brand image includes product level, visual level, cultural level, service level, etc. How to help consumers find a sense of brand belonging is an issue that companies should consider. Extending the communication of brand information to various media to achieve comprehensive and in-depth brand communication is the top priority of brand design and communication. With the rapid increase in mobile Internet users, digital marketing of brand image has attracted the attention of more and more enterprises and design companies. The diversification of new media channels has driven the constant growth of mobile brand advertising design. Mobile marketing technology has changed the design model of brand image. The development of mobile Internet has fundamentally changed the traditional way of brand image design. When a brand has a powerful mobile Internet platform, the ways to enhance the recognition of the brand’s visual image and the value of the brand become more diverse. Today, mobile devices have become a necessity for young people. Attracted by mobile new media, young people have rediscovered their self-worth, subverted traditional lifestyles, and become a generation that changes mass consumption behavior. Therefore, we should pay attention to changes in the environment of brand image design, grasp the living habits and consumption needs of consumers, especially young consumers, and analyze the underlying consumer behavior. These are required courses for studying the trends of brand image design and brand strategies under the Internet wave. LINE is an important social software that is popular in Asia, and its unique Internet development model is worthy of study and reference. Especially in Japan and South Korea, where the anime industry is developed, this brand design style based on anime characters is highly sought after by young people. The main focus of this study is LINE’s brand touchpoint design and cultural code. The research methods mainly include conceptual analysis, theoretical research, and comparative research. By analyzing LINE’s touchpoint design, the origin and derivative functions of LINE’s brand design, the roles of LINE’s consumer environment and individual influencing factors in the cultural code, and the analysis of LINE’s consumer needs based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to grasp its Internet brand design strategy and marketing model, so as to provide important insight and reference for the development of other Internet brands.

Application of Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making Method in Interior Decoration Service

<p>值此消費者導向時代，室內設計公司應秉持以客為尊，針對客戶住宅之條件做出最適合之裝修建議，為客戶提供最完整，最優質的室內裝修服務，從而為公司贏得比其他公司更好的聲譽。五項與選擇天花板、壁面及地坪裝修有關之評估準則，依次藉由專家訪談、初步問卷及模糊德菲法(fuzzy Delphi method, FDM)取得。本研究以3個業主住宅之天花板、壁面及地坪之12個裝修項目做為研究對象，採用層級分析法(analytic hierarchy process, AHP)結合偏好順序評價法(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution, TOPSIS)及模糊偏好順序評價法(fuzzy TOPSIS)兩種不同分析方法，對每個裝修項目中之各替代方案進行擇優排名。12個裝修項目中，對於不同業主採用AHP結合TOPSIS及fuzzy TOPSIS兩種不同方法計算之結果顯示，共有客餐廳天花板、臥房天花板、客餐廳壁面及臥房地坪等四個裝修項目所得各替代方案之排名順序皆相同。對於廚房天花板及浴室壁面之裝修，同一業主採用AHP結合TOPSIS 及fuzzy TOPSIS兩種不同方法所得各替代方案之排名順序皆相同。兩種不同分析方法對於家庭成員僅有二人之業主3所得排名結果差異不大。本研究認為家庭成員愈多之大家庭在替代方案之排名順序應該以更具有參考價值之fuzzy TOPSIS所得之結果為準。</p> <p> </p><p>In this consumer-oriented era, interior design companies should adhere to the principle of customer-oriented, make the most suitable suggestions for the conditions of customers’ houses decoration, and provide customers with the most complete and high-quality interior decoration services, so as to win more good reputation than other companies. Five evaluation criteria related to the selection of ceiling, wall and floor decoration were obtained through expert interviews, preliminary questionnaires and fuzzy Delphi method in turn. This study takes 12 decoration projects of ceilings, walls and floors of 3 owners’ residences as the research objects, using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) combined with the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and the fuzzy TOPSIS methods to rank the alternatives in 12 decoration projects. The identical ranking order results were obtained for three owners by AHP combined with TOPSIS and fuzzy TOPSIS in the ceiling of the guest dining room, the ceiling of the bedroom, the wall of the guest dining room, and the floor of the bedroom. For the decoration of kitchen ceilings and bathroom walls, the same owner uses AHP combined with TOPSIS and fuzzy TOPSIS two different methods to obtain the ranking order of the alternatives are the same. There is little difference in the ranking results obtained by the two different analysis methods for owners 3 with only two family members. This study believes that the ranking order of alternative programs for large families with more family members should be based on the results obtained by fuzzy TOPSIS, which has more reference value.</p> <p> </p>

Sailing through uncertainty: ship pipe routing and the energy transition

The energy transition from fossil fuels to sustainable alternatives makes the design of future-proof ships even more important. In the design phase of a ship, it is uncertain how many and which fuels it will use in the future due to many external factors. In fact, a ship typically sails for decades, increasing the likelihood that it will use different fuels during its lifetime. Pipe route design is expensive and time-consuming, mainly done by hand. Motivated by this, in previous research, we have proposed a mathematical optimizationframework for automatic pipe routing under uncertainty of the energy transition. In this paper, we build on the state-of-the-art by implementing design constraints in mathematical models based on discussions with maritime design experts. Additionally, we apply these models to realistic, complex situations of a commercial ship design company. Our experiments show that location-dependent installation costs, which reflect reality, increase the usefulness of stochastic optimization compared to deterministic and robust optimization. Additionally, to prepare for a possible transition to more sustainable fuels, we recommend installing suitable pipes near the engine room upfront to prevent expensive retrofits in the future.

A STUDY ON DIGITAL MARKETING OF FLIPKART

Efficient digital marketing tactics are crucial for companies to succeed in the ever-changing world of e-commerce. Flipkart is one of the most prominent online marketplaces in India, and this study examines their digital marketing strategies. Examining Flipkart's strategy across different digital channels and how they affect the company's brand visibility, consumer engagement, and sales is the main objective of this research. In order to better understand how Flipkart draws in and keeps customers, as well as how to increase engagement and conversion rates, this study analyzes the company's website design and user experience. In addition, it delves into Flipkart's SEO tactics, namely its attempts to rise in the SERPs and target certain keywords. Content marketing campaigns run by Flipkart, such as blog articles, product descriptions, videos, and social media postings, are examined in the research. It delves into the ways Flipkart uses content to captivate its audience and boost sales. The research also examines Flipkart's approach to social media marketing, looking closely at the company's content and interaction tactics across sites like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. This study delves into Flipkart's email marketing initiatives, specifically looking at their subscriber segmentation tactics and the content of the emails they send out. Also covered is an examination of Flipkart's paid advertising campaigns, including display, search engine, and social media ads, as well as an analysis of the company's channel allocation strategies. In this case study, we take a look at how Flipkart uses mobile marketing and influencer marketing to boost engagement and sales through its app and its partnerships with influential users. It also checks Flipkart's analytics, which include how well the company uses data to monitor the efficacy of its digital advertising activities. Keywords: Flipkart, digital marketing, e-commerce, online marketplace, SEO, content marketing, social media marketing, email marketing, paid advertising, influencer marketing, mobile marketing, analytics, user experience, customer engagement, sales optimization, India.

Повышение эффективности внедрения ТИМ на различных этапах жизненного цикла ОКС

The article analyzes the existing experience in introducing information modeling technology for a capital construction project at various stages of the life cycle. It is noted that the use of technology is considered at individual stages of the capital construction project life cycle , but there is no mechanism for transition from one information model to another. It was revealed that the rules for maintaining as-built documentation, reflecting not only the actual execution of design and working documentation decisions, but also the actual state of the building structure or its individual elements, are regulated, and the existing approach assumes that the operation of the building will be based on working documentation with changes made to reflect the current state object, i.e. on the basis of as-built documentation.
 The feasibility of information model developing with a different set of detail and attribute coating, corresponding to various types of documentation: design, working and executive, is substantiated.
 A universal roadmap for the information modeling technologies implementation in a design company has been developed, a proposed structure for storing information models of a construction project has been given, and further steps have been proposed for the implementation of information modeling technologies at subsequent stages of the life cycle of a capital construction project to increase the efficiency of its application.

Perbandingan Efisiensi Antara Pengembangan Dengan Laravel Dan Flutterflow Pada Sistem Informasi Kepegawaian

PT XYZ, a building construction and design company in Palembang. The number of employees in this company is 30 employees with project, finance, marketing and also human resources (HR) divisions. PT XYZ has a need to improve the efficiency of human resource management. In the current condition, the company still relies on manual processes for recruitment, attendance, layoff data management, and employee leave applications. This Personnel Information System uses the Rational Unified Process (RUP) method as a system development method. System development uses the Laravel framework, PHP, CSS, HTML programming languages. In the analysis stage using PIECES and Usecase Diagram. System development uses two main approaches, namely using the FlutterFlow low-code platform and the Laravel Framework. The final result obtained is the implementation of a web-based Personnel Information System at PT XYZ. The implementation of this system makes a significant contribution in improving the efficiency and accessibility of staffing data at PT XYZ.

Low-Cost Internet of Things Solution for Building Information Modeling Level 3B—Monitoring, Analysis and Management

The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) is progressing. The use of microcontrollers and sensors in buildings is described as a level 3B maturity in the use of BIM. Design companies, contractors and building operators can use IoT solutions to monitor, analyze or manage processes. As a rule, solutions based on original Arduino boards are quite an expensive investment. The aim of this research was to find a low-cost IoT solution for monitoring, analysis and management, and integrate it with a BIM model. In the present study, an inexpensive NodeMCU microcontroller and a temperature and pressure sensor were used to study the thermal comfort of users in a single-family home. During the summer season, analysis of the monitored temperature can contribute to installation (HVAC) or retrofit work (for energy efficiency). The article presents a low-cost solution for studying the thermal comfort of users using a digital twin built-in BIM. Data obtained from sensors can support both the design and management processes. The main contribution of the article enables the design, construction and use of low-cost circuits (15.57 USD) even in small developments (single-family houses, semi-detached houses, terraced houses, atrium buildings). Combining IoT sensor telemetry with BIM (maturity level 3C) is a challenge that organizations will face in the near future.

Analysis of the percolation flow of 133 earth and rockfill dams and control values for flow meters

Worldwide, legal measures have been intensified with the aim of reducing dam accidents through government management and oversight. However, it is important to emphasize the evaluation of damages and anomalies caused by dam breaches. Geotechnical engineering currently benefits from a vast collection of data obtained through geotechnical instrumentation monitoring, which provides valuable information for the verification and validation of new projects. Utilizing this data helps in interpreting the static and dynamic behaviour of geotechnical structures, as well as supporting the adjustment and calibration of physical and computational models regarding the infiltration behaviour through dam embankments. The primary objective of this research is to consolidate real data from the monitoring history of executed and operational works in Brazil, contributing to the analysis of instrumentation through the inclusion of real flow rate values observed in flow meters. Moreover, it aims to enrich existing data in bibliographic references that assist in analysing the sensitivity of instrumentation readings. The accessed data were selected from the database of a design company, typically consisting of construction reports and historical data of instrumentation readings related to the monitoring of Brazilian dams. The results comprise consolidated real data of specific infiltration flow rates in earth and rockfill dams.

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА КАК ФУНДАМЕНТ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯМИ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННО-СТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА РОССИИ

The paper is devoted to the theoretical and methodological foundation of management of the Investment and Construction Complex (ICC) of Russia. The result of the research is to substantiate the organic connection of the basic concepts of political economy and microeconomics with the Theories of Industrial Markets and Organizations, management of construction and design companies. The conditions for realization of the GNP by Quesnay and Marx justify the place of ICC in the expanded reproduction of GNP. The Ith division includes the construction of industrial, transport, and infrastructure facilities, the production of structures, building materials, and construction equipment. In the IIth – civil, socio-cultural, and housing construction. The ICC, interacting with all sectors of the economy, is part of the Inter-industry Balance created by the Ministry of Economic Development together with the Ministry of Construction. The Ministries and the Bank of Russia are adjusting the financial model of the construction industry, which includes funding from the state budget at all levels, the banking system of mortgage lending, private capital and household investments. Among the microeconomic foundations of ICC management, there is shown the role of the concept of supply and demand in the behavior of construction organizations in the oligopolistic and competitive segments of the profile market. The market for the design of industrial and civil facilities, unlike construction and banking, is competitive. With this in mind, the provisions of A. Marshall on the functions of supply, demand, its elasticity and J. Robinson for markets of perfect and oligopolistic competition are confirmed. Financial management of a construction and design companies, their optimal output volume and maximum profit are based on a microeconomic justified equilibrium condition of the firm. The fundamental principles of microeconomics methodologically underlie the management decisions of construction and design organizations.

The impact of digital marketing on the adoption of building information modeling system in Jordanian interior design companies: The moderating role of credibility

Failure in digital marketing strategies implementation in building information modeling (BIM) adoption has been observed among some interior design firms. The impact of digital marketing on BIM system adoption among interior design companies was examined in this descriptive analytical research. The research also examined the credibility of BIM system adoption and how the system moderates credibility in the relationship between digital marketing strategies and BIM system adoption. A conceptual model comprising digital marketing strategies (content marketing, social media, and search engines) as independent variables impacting information modeling system adoption as a dependent variable was proposed. The moderating effect of credibility in the relationship between digital marketing strategies and BIM system adoption was examined. Data were gathered through questionnaires delivered online to 300 selected study participants via Google Forms. Usable data from 250 participants and the study hypotheses were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed a significant impact of digital marketing strategies (content marketing, social media, and search engines) on BIM system adoption. It also emphasized the moderation of the role of credibility in the relationship between digital marketing strategies (content marketing, social media and search engines). This study can help Jordanian interior design companies to make optimal use of digital marketing strategies (content marketing, social media, and search engines) to adopt the BIM system to increase profits.

Sosialiasi Pengadaan Bahan dan Alat Kerja Furniture Untuk Meningkatkan Kelancaran Usaha Perusahaan

The purpose of this research is to find out whether the Procurement of Materials and Work Equipment that is implemented by IdeSign Interior Design & Build at Pegadungan Kalideres, West Jakarta is optimal and can increase insight into the importance of the process of Procurement of Work Materials and Equipment at IdeSign Interior Design and Furniture Company. This research was conducted through direct observation to the location, namely Pegadungan Kalideres, West Jakarta. Data collection was carried out by field observations and interviews with the Supervisor and CEO of IdeSign Interior Design & Build.Limited knowledge related to differences in the quality of Materials and Working Tools from various brands or brands used is a problem faced in managing a furniture business, it is necessary to identify the quality specifications of a brand or brand, besides that differences in price and availability of goods affect the process of providing materials to evaluate various types of decision-making and raw materials remain available when needed.

REENGINEERING OF THE ACTIVITIES OF CONSTRUCTION PARTICIPANTS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITALIZATION

The article researches the main trends in the digital transformation of the interaction of construction participants under the influence of digitalization. The peculiarity is that the directions and trends of digitalization are grouped in accordance with the stages of the life cycle of construction objects. The necessity of re-engineering the administrative-management interaction of construction participants has been identified, since the organizational structure of projects undergoes changes under the influence of digitalization, and accordingly the organizational and economic management mechanism of construction participants, in particular engineering companies, undergoes changes. 
 It was revealed that a great influence on the change of the principles and structure of administration of construction projects is carried out thanks to the use of systems of integrated management of construction projects, which are based on the use of VIM technologies. An overview of the modern software market was carried out. It was found that today the software market is filled with a large number of programs that are used to solve various problems of designing and transforming digital support in construction. The most common are software complexes for VIM design, automated general purpose design, design of building structures and geotechnical calculations, development of estimate documentation, development of calendar plans. Currently, all major developers of software complexes Autodesk, Trimble, SchneiderElectric, Graphisoft, etc. implement BIM technology in their products. 
 It is suggested that, when building the organizational and economic mechanism of modern engineering companies, take into account two main factors of the influence of digitalization in construction: the introduction of BIM technologies in the activities of design, construction and engineering companies, supported also at the state level, and digitalization of all processes related to the creation of a construction object - from obtaining technical conditions and urban planning restrictions to putting the facility into operation.

A Novel Approach to Determine the Treatment Range of Prefabricated Vertical Drains and Cement‐Soil Mixing Piles for Wide and High Embankment on Soft Ground

AbstractWide embankments with a width of tens or even hundreds of meters change the settlement distribution mode of soft ground. At the same time, the influence of embankment height on the stability and settlement of soft ground is quite significant. For the wide and high embankments, when the prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) is applied in the middle of the embankment and the cement‐soil mixing pile (CSMP) is implemented on both sides of the embankment, a novel determination approach of the reasonable proportion of the suitable treatment range of the PVD and the CSMP is proposed in this study. Combined with the engineering example of the Sanya Station yard of Hainan East Ring Railway, the Plaxis 2D finite element program is used to carry out the parameter analysis on the different proportions of PVD and CSMP in treatment ranges. It is confirmed that the proportion of the PVD and the CSMP in this project is between 2:3 and 4:1, which is consistent with the final design scheme provided by the design company. The on‐site monitoring results of this site show the effectiveness of the determination approach proposed in this paper.

Assembly line balancing and capacity evaluation based on interval grey processing time

PurposeAssembly line is a common production form and has been effectively used in many industries, but the imprecise processing time of each process makes production line balancing and capacity forecasting the most troublesome problems for production managers. In this paper, uncertain man-hours are represented as interval grey numbers, and the optimization problem of production line balance in the case of interval grey man-hours is studied to better evaluate the production line capacity.Design/methodology/approachFirst, this paper constructs the basic model of assembly line balance optimization for the single-product scenario, and on this basis constructs an assembly line balance optimization model under the multi-product scenario with the objective function of maximizing the weighted greyscale production line balance rate, second, this paper designs a simulated annealing algorithm to solve problem. A neighborhood search strategy is proposed, based on assembly line balance optimization, an assembly line capacity evaluation method with interval grey man-hour characteristics is designed.FindingsThis paper provides a production line balance optimization scheme with uncertain processing time for multi-product scenarios and designs a capacity evaluation method to provide managers with scientific management strategies so that decision-makers can scientifically solve the problems that the company's design production line is quite different from the actual production situation.Originality/valueThere are few literary studies on combining interval grey number with assembly line balance optimization. Therefore, this paper makes an important contribution in this regard.

Quantitative methods of marine spatial planning (environmental aspect) in the Far North and the Arctic zone

The study identifies and analyzes the dependence of environmental and economic costs associated with marine dredging on the total volume of dredged soil for the Russian marine areas in the Far North and the Arctic zone, as well as for the other, more southern seas in Russia. The analysis was conducted using a representative sample of over 300 dredging projects from the database of Eco-Express Service LLC, an environmental design company in St. Petersburg. The total environmental and economic costs were found to be directly dependent on the total volume of dredged soil, both for the marine areas in the Far North and the Arctic zone and the other seas of the Russian Federation. However, relative environmental and economic costs arising from dredging (per volume unit of dredged soil) are virtually independent of the total dredged soil volume within its entire examined range. Of note is that the relative environmental and economic costs associated with dredging in the Far North and the Arctic are 1.6 times higher than those for the other seas in Russia. The study results can be used for the information and analytical support of scientific research and management decisions regarding the development of Russian marine areas.

Особенности проектирования и использования цифрового двойника проектной организации

The author of the article considers the issues related to the development and effective application of digital twin in the activities of design organizations. A brief comparative analysis of the concepts of "digital twin" (DT) and "BIM-model" is given. The specifics of creating a digital model of a project organization, which forms the basis of the DT, are analyzed. The processes that need to be modeled online are given. 
 It is emphasized that the main project processes are extremely creative and are directly related to the effective formation of project development teams. Team building models that can be implemented in DT are presented and analyzed. Two problem statements are formulated for realization in the DT of a project company: direct and reverse. An enlarged approach is proposed to determine the parameters of the digital twin of the project organization when solving the direct problem.
 The final conclusion is that DT methods and tools are necessary for complex analysis, diagnostics and modeling of production, technical and social processes of design companies in the construction industry.