Descriptive Overview Research Articles

Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the Survey on COVID-19 and Mental Health.

This study provides a descriptive overview of the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Canada, across sociodemographic characteristics, mental health-related variables and negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were obtained from cycles 1 and 2 of the Survey on COVID-19 and Mental Health (SCMH), collected in fall 2020 (N = 14 689) and spring 2021 (N = 8032). The prevalence of PTSD was measured using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) Cross-sectional associations were quantified using logistic regression, while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. The overall prevalence of PTSD was 6.9%. Factors associated with higher PTSD prevalence were female gender; younger age; lower income (females only); living in an urban area; frontline worker status or not being at work in the past week (males only); fair or poor mental health; a weak sense of community belonging; symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder; suicidal ideation; heavy alcohol use; daily cannabis use; increased alcohol and cannabis use since the start of the pandemic; decreased alcohol consumption since the start of the pandemic (males only); concerns about violence in the home; and negative impacts of the pandemic. PTSD prevalence in Canada varies significantly across sociodemographic groups and is more common among those with indicators of lower mental health and well-being, as well as those more adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Ongoing and enhanced surveillance of PTSD in Canada is important to better understand and address the burden and impacts of this condition.

The Impact of Knowledge Management Processes on Intellectual Capital: An Exploratory Study of Employees at Al-Rasheed Bank 515 In Diwaniya, Iraq

Objectives: This study explores the relationship between knowledge management processes and intellectual capital, examining their impact on enhancing data analysis capabilities and employee performance at Al-Rasheed Bank 515 in Diwaniya, Iraq. Key objectives include identifying the correlation between intellectual capital and knowledge management processes, assessing how these processes influence intellectual capital capabilities, and investigating demographic-based differences in employee responses. Methods: The research employs a descriptive and analytical approach, utilizing surveys distributed among employees at Al-Rasheed Bank 515. The study is organized into three sections: theoretical frameworks on knowledge management and intellectual capital, a descriptive overview of Al-Rasheed Bank 515, and a detailed analysis of the research sample. Results: Findings indicate that a flexible organizational structure significantly contributes to enhancing intellectual capital at the bank. A positive relationship was observed between knowledge management, intellectual capital, and human resources, both at macro and dimensional levels. Intellectual capital demonstrated a positive mediating role between knowledge management and human resource development, with an indirect impact of knowledge management on human resources (0.817) that was notably stronger than the direct impact (0.458). Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of knowledge management processes in strengthening intellectual capital within the banking sector. Effective knowledge management processes enhance intellectual capital capabilities, leading to improved organizational performance and a competitive edge in the banking industry.

From problem-crumbling to innovation: The design of a comprehensive professional development training programme to enhance creative competence among TEFL educators

This paper explores creativity in English language teaching through a multiple-case study action research-based continuous professional development (CPD) training programme. It introduces a professional creativity framework for EFL teachers, fostering pedagogical innovation through a blended course delivery. The study, involving seven EFL (English as a Foreign language) teachers, employs a triangulation of methods and data sources, including action research, surveys, Think Aloud Protocol (TAP), reflective diaries, and semi-structured interviews. The research sample consists of primary and secondary EFL teachers. The CPD training integrates creativity into English lessons, enhancing professional creativity for EFL teachers. The findings shed light on the relationship between professional development and creative endeavours, highlighting the need for interventions to boost self-awareness and self-efficacy among TEFL teachers. The study underlines the significance of individual and group tasks, reflective practice, and technology-enabled communities of practice. Additionally, it offers a descriptive overview of diverse TEFL teacher creativity profiles, contributing to understanding this specific creativity domain and suggesting avenues for future research.

Machine Learning and IoT-Based Solutions in Industrial Applications for Smart Manufacturing: A Critical Review

The Internet of Things (IoT) has radically changed the industrial world, enabling the integration of numerous systems and devices into the industrial ecosystem. There are many areas of the manufacturing industry in which IoT has contributed, including plants’ remote monitoring and control, energy efficiency, more efficient resources management, and cost reduction, paving the way for smart manufacturing in the framework of Industry 4.0. This review article provides an up-to-date overview of IoT systems and machine learning (ML) algorithms applied to smart manufacturing (SM), analyzing four main application fields: security, predictive maintenance, process control, and additive manufacturing. In addition, the paper presents a descriptive and comparative overview of ML algorithms mainly used in smart manufacturing. Furthermore, for each discussed topic, a deep comparative analysis of the recent IoT solutions reported in the scientific literature is introduced, dwelling on the architectural aspects, sensing solutions, implemented data analysis strategies, communication tools, performance, and other characteristic parameters. This comparison highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each discussed solution. Finally, the presented work outlines the features and functionalities of future IoT-based systems for smart industry applications.

Comorbid ADHD and schizophrenia and the use of psychostimulants: a scoping review protocol

IntroductionSchizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are psychiatric disorders that have a profound impact on patients and healthcare systems globally. There is preliminary evidence suggesting a potential association between...

A descriptive overview of English-language publications in the field of Astronomy Education Research, 1898 to 2022

Discipline-based education research (DBER) takes the theories and methodologies of education research and applies them in the context of a specific discipline, in this example, astronomy. Research in the teaching and learning of astronomy has an extensive history; astronomy education research (AER), as its own separately defined field, is relatively new, stemming from the early to mid-1990s, as a separate track from physics education research (PER). By using a mixed-methods approach to textual analysis considering 2085 English language publications in the field, an order of magnitude larger than the previous largest overviews of the field, this study paints a rich picture of the landscape of AER over the timespan of a century from 1898 to 2022. This paper finds that AER authors started regularly publishing around 1970 and took off significantly in the 1990s with journal articles (~50%) and conference proceedings (~30%) being the most common method of publication. AER, in its early era, was largely a USA endeavour dominated by ASTRO101. This has changed over time and in recent years, the USA has dropped below 50\% of the worldwide AER publication production. “Celestial Motion”, “Instrumentation/Techniques”, and “Planetary Sciences (not Exoplanets)” are the most common content foci while a significant lack of local galactic and extragalactic education research is identified. AER has been heavily focussed on “Content Knowledge”, “Affective”, and “Engagement”. It is found that most articles tend to be general reporting of approaches or results (~43%) rather than full empirical research (~36%) while there is very little theoretical or historical research in AER yet. This overview, based on results input to an online database (istardb.org), provides a resource to researchers, educators, and other interested stakeholders allowing efficient ascertainment of previous research. This supports both researchers, allowing them to develop research questions at the cutting edge of the field, as well as practitioners, to inform their pragmatic approach based on latest research findings. We also present a set of recommendations and future outlook of the field of Astronomy Education Research.

A framework for conceptualizing integrated prescriptive maintenance and production planning and control models

Goal: This study aims to support researchers and managers in conceptualising new integrated prescriptive maintenance (PxM) and production planning and control (PPC) models. Design / Methodology / Approach: We perform a systematic literature review based on Thomé et al. (2016) and analyse literary findings using qualitative content analysis and quantitative correlation analyses. Results: This work identifies 94 integrated PxM and PPC planning models and 47 outcomes, 16 decision variables and 34 environment entities. Based on the quantitative analyses of these components, we derive a normative framework to guide researchers and practitioners in conceptualising integrated models. Limitations of the investigation: The study is limited to only one scientific database. Additionally, the quantitative analyses might be sensitive due to a low sample size for some components, and we only measure the linear dependency between two components. Lastly, we do not address solution algorithms. Practical implications: The framework constitutes a tool for managers to construct integrated models tailored to their specific planning problems, fostering alignment between production and maintenance departments, plans and controls. Originality / Value: We provide a descriptive overview and normative guidance in the selection of components that can or should be used for future PxM-aligned PPC planning studies, pinpointing possible research gaps.

To be or not to be (employed): two decades of fluctuating earnings and income inequality in Spain

AbstractThis paper offers a descriptive overview of the evolution of individual earnings and household income inequality in Spain over the last two decades. During this period, there has been a noteworthy increase in the level of education of the working‐age population (aged 25–60) along with a rise in female labour force participation. Substantial changes have also occurred in household size and composition, with reductions in marriage and cohabitation, in particular among lower‐educated groups. These changes have a direct impact on the distribution of individual earnings and household income and, therefore, the evolution of inequality. Fluctuations in inequality, however, primarily moved with the business cycle. After a period of decreasing inequality during the mid‐1990s expansion, the 2008 global financial crisis led to sharp rises in both earnings and income inequality that peaked around 2014. After that, both unemployment and inequality decreased, except for the transitory surge during the COVID‐19 pandemic. By 2022, inequality indicators have almost returned to pre‐2008 levels.

THE EFFECT OF PRODUCTS, LOCATION, PRICE AND PROMOTION ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION (STUDY OF LOTTE WHOLESALE PEKANBARU)

With the rapid growth of modern retail in Pekanbaru, where Lotte Grosir is one of the many existing retailers. The company must understand the importance of analyzing the marketing mix in relation to customer satisfaction to innovate and face competition. In this context, the marketing mix includes product, location, price and promotion, known as 4Ps. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the components of the marketing mix have an impact on customer satisfaction, providing a descriptive overview of the current conditions and serving as a consideration for the company in improving customer satisfaction. This research uses a descriptive quantitative method. The sample selected in this study consist of Lotte Grosir Pekanbaru customers using the Simple Random Sampling method, resulting in 105 respondents who filled out the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using instrument test, validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing with SPSS software. The result show that partially, the product variable (X1) does not significantly affect customer satisfaction (Y), while the location (X2), price (X3) and promotion (X4) variables have an impact on customer satisfaction (Y) variable. Other results indicate that simultaneously, product location, price and promotion have an influence on customer satisfaction with a coefficient of determination of 81.8% and the remaining 18.2% is influenced by others factors not examined in this study.

Women in academic publishing: Descriptive trends from authors to editors across 33 years of management science

Traditionally, leadership scholars often study snapshots of leaders in organizations. However, academic publishing offers a unique, more controlled context to study leadership with implications for leadership scholars and scholarship. Hence, we present a descriptive overview of women’s representation across 33 years in 11 top management journals across levels of leaders in academic publishing (i.e., editors, associate editors, and editorial board members) and authors. To do so, we curated an archival dataset tracking women’s representation over time and across these four levels (i.e., 21,510 authors and 4,173 leaders) with 51,360 data entries for the authors and 320,545 for the leaders. Overall, women’s representation increased over time, which was explained by simple time trend effects. Only 32 of 135 editors were women (i.e., 23.7 %), and the share of women associate editors showed particularly drastic fluctuations. We did not observe a “leaky pipeline” except from the associate editor to editor step, as well as notable fluctuations—particularly after new editor appointments—and between journals. We discuss the influential roles editors and publishers have on women’s representation in academic publishing and science more broadly as well as implications for future research and policy.

Descriptive Overview of Adolescent Health Indicators in Humanitarian Settings: A Cross-Country Analysis

Purpose: An adolescent health information system is a relevantly new concept, especially in humanitarian settings. This article aims to map the available adolescent health indicators collected in selected humanitarian settings, identify the available data sources, and determine the alignment between these indicators and the draft list of priority indicators for adolescent health measurement recommended by the Global Action for the Measurement of Adolescent Health Advisory Group. Methods: We selected five countries experiencing humanitarian crises- Myanmar, Nigeria, Palestine, Ukraine, and Yemen. We identified the adolescent health indicators collected in each country using document analysis and a purposive sampling approach. We reviewed the primary population-based surveys used to gather adolescent health data and noted the most recent year each survey was conducted. The identified indicators were then categorized by measurement domains and specific areas of adolescent health.Results: The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey and Demographic Health Survey were conducted in all five countries selected, but three out of five countries have not administered either within the last five years. Yemen and Palestine only included married women in their sample sizes, and no one younger than 15 was interviewed. Indicators most commonly assess reproductive health, tobacco use, and adolescent fertility. Limited data was found on younger adolescents, males, water, sanitation, hygiene, disability, and nutrition indicators. Discussion: Adolescent health information in humanitarian crises requires more frequent surveys, including all adolescent age groups, and unique data collection methodologies. The current surveys used to measure adolescent health indicators have limited ability to be inclusive to all adolescents. It is important to establish a list of priority indicators deemed essential in humanitarian settings and relevant ways to collect them.

The Role of Marketing Strategy for Knit Bag SMEs Businesses Success in the Case of Audy Handmade

Micro, Small, and Medium Enteprises (MSMEs) were known for their contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and work labor absorption. However, they often face a lack of strategic planning, limited funding, and strategy to meet market demands. This can be caused by a lack of marketing strategy formulation. This study aims to provide a descriptive overview of community service from university to empower MSMEs in marketing strategy analysis by conducting an international seminar. This study uses the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method in empowering Audy Handmade. This MSMSe focuses on knit bag production. This study consists of three main activities which initiated by preliminary visit to gain insight into existing problems. The international seminar was also conducted as the next activity to solve their problem. This seminar aims to become a sharing session between the MSMEs and marketing experts to share their conditions and provide feedback from experts to MSMEs. Lastly, there is an evaluation stage to ensure the main goals of the event were achieved. The workshop results in two points that need to be a concern for Audy Handmade. First, they need to produce a bag that can be of unique value for them such as adding some unique element or their logo on the bag. Besides that, they need to reorganize their marketing strategy. They need to focus on some specific marketing segment to help them take a position in the market. A strong brand identity, effective marketing strategies, and attractive product packaging were believed to help improve their products' visibility, competitiveness, and sales in the market. Therefore, Audy Handmade needs to strengthen its brand image, especially its product uniqueness, and its position in certain market segments. This needs to be taken into consideration as a means of strengthening their position in the knit bag industry.

Gambaran Tingkat Stres Akademik pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan STIKES Pasapua Ambon Tahun 2024

Academic stress is a common issue faced by students, particularly those in demanding programs such as nursing. This study aims to describe the level of academic stress among students at STIKES Pasapua Ambon. The researcher employed a descriptive quantitative method. The sample in this study consisted of 76 individuals. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires or surveys online using Google Forms. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis to provide a descriptive overview The results showed that the majority of respondents were female (68.4%), aged 17-19 years (46.1%), living in dormitories (36.1%), and from outside Ambon Island (68.4%), with academic stress levels falling in the moderate category (48.7%). Given the moderate academic stress experienced by many students, it is important to raise awareness about the importance of mental well-being.

Metaverse Adoption in Public Sector: A Bibliometric Analysis

The objective of this study is to map the landscape and knowledge structure of the public sector metaverse through bibliometric analysis. Following this, a descriptive overview of the current state of public sector research related to the metaverse, including the leading ten authors and sources, most relevant keywords, and primary research topics, will be presented. The selection of the Scopus database was based on its status as the largest repository of its kind and its provision of an extensive compilation of abstracts and citations for peer-reviewed articles, proceedings, and journals. The initial search yielded 369 documents from Scopus; after eliminating duplicate and irrelevant articles, 354 documents remained. The results demonstrate the substantial development of the metaverse in the public sector, with an annual growth rate of 14.89%. This indicates that the adoption of virtual technology and the metaverse is gaining importance in the public sector. Castronova ranks first in terms of the quantity of studies published, with five articles, followed by De Kool and Zhang. "Metaverse," "virtual reality," and "virtual world" are the most pertinent keywords. Due to the extensive research that has been conducted on these phrases, they represent fundamental concepts in the field. Additional frequently occurring terms include "social networking (online)," "interactive computer graphics," "government data processing," and "internet." These terms underscore the significance of governance, human factors, technology, and data in shaping the trajectory of digital government services. They also exemplify the interdisciplinary character of metaverse applications within the public sector.

Pounding Nature into Profit with Sustainable Techniques for Crafting High-value Eco-print Products

This study aims to provide a descriptive overview of the Eco-Print training conducted in Yosowilangun Village as part of the Community Empowerment Programs. The training, emphasizing the Eco-Print Pounding Technique, seeks to empower residents for livelihood creation through the sale of market-valued Eco-Print fabric. The training consists of three phase: First, preliminary meeting, main training event and evaluation meeting. Preliminary meeting is conducted to plan the preparation for the main training event, the Eco-print pounding technique training. While the evaluation meeting was conducted to evaluate the success of the event. Results indicate a comprehensive grasp of eco-printing concepts among participants. Through evaluation, the program also established communication through social networking service (SNS) groups as media for the participant to communicate. Despite concerns about physical exertion during the production phase, participants expressed a willingness to create eco-prints independently. Future strategies, discussed in dedicated meetings, prioritize enhancing participants' eco-print knowledge. Ultimately, this training equips Family Welfare Movement members for income generation and potential SME development, aligning with the eco-friendly of Eco-Print production.

THE ROLE OF THE ARTS IN THE FORMATION OF LANDSCAPE PLANNING ORGANIZATION OF ARCHITECTURAL SPACE RURAL SETTLEMENTS OF UKRAINE

A historical and cultural descriptive overview of the artistic experience and landscape planning organization of organizing the architectural space of rural settlements of Ukraine with an emphasis on the current stage of development is presented. It is emphasized that the academic discourse is dominated by studies devoted to the study of this issue for urban space. While rural settlements in the corpus of auk studies are presented much more modestly, which once again actualizes the chosen topic. After all, the rural settlements of Ukraine, despite the urbanization processes, remain an important component of the architectural space of Ukraine, and also manifest long-standing artistic folk traditions that give rural landscapes a unique and unique architectural face and create a harmonious combination of the natural environment and anthropogenic influence. The importance of preserving the traditions of the landscape and planning organization of the architectural space of the village, taking into account the long-standing traditions of construction and the artistic expression of aesthetic preferences and worldview beliefs formed in Ukrainian culture, is emphasized. Historical and cultural heritage, its preservation and popularization, is one of the strategic tasks of the state and an example of Ukraine's European integration aspirations. Careful nurturing of one's own traditions, including artistic, landscape planning, and architectural ones, is a demonstration of the maturity of society and awareness of the importance of cultural identity. The village itself, despite the Soviet policy of standardization and unification, was able to preserve unique artistic traditions that complement the socio-humanitarian space and emphasize the regional and local features of one or another settlement. Research attention is focused on such examples as wells, which are an important part of rural communication and village landmarks. The importance of plastic arts in the architectural space of the village is also emphasized. With the help of sculpture, historical memory, commemoration is formed, and society gathers around significant and symbolic events, symbols and meanings for the community. In the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the problem of destroyed villages became particularly acute, because it is necessary not only to restore the housing stock, socially significant objects, establish communications and restore the infrastructure, but also to preserve the history of the village, its socio-cultural accents. That is, the role of art in these processes is extremely important. Artistic means can embody both the historical and cultural aspects of the development of the village, as well as immortalize the modern tragedy of the war.

#2818 Clinical outcomes of a pre-dialysis cohort in a tertiary renal centre in the United Kingdom

Abstract Background and Aims Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) require significant resources in order to manage the complications of CKD, and provide education and planning for renal replacement therapy (RRT). To better gauge the clinical trajectory of these patients, we aimed to provide a descriptive overview of patients who attended the multidisciplinary Advanced Kidney Care Service (AKCS) clinic over 8 years in a tertiary renal referral centre in the United Kingdom. Patients are typically referred to this clinic once their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) drops below 20 ml/min/1.73 m2. Method This was a retrospective study of consecutive patients who first attended the AKCS clinic in our centre between September 2011 and September 2018, and last follow-up was the end of September 2023. Patients with a prior renal transplant, those with acute kidney injury with subsequent recovery of renal function, and those lost to follow-up were excluded. Patient details and outcomes were extracted from the hospital Electronic Patient Record including demographics, decisions regarding active or conservative management, timing of RRT initiation, first modality of RRT, transplantation, and mortality. The primary outcomes of interest included time to RRT, first modality of RRT, and death. Results A total of 1 957 patients were included. Of these 1,136 (58%) were male and 821 (42%) female. Median age was 69 years at the time of first AKCS review. A large proportion (80%) identified as white British, 13% as Asian or Asian British, 2% as Black or Black British, and the remaining as other ethnicities. Median eGFR was 16 ml/min/1.73 m2 (IQR 4-25 ml/min/1.73 m2) at first AKCS clinic. A total of 1 087 patients (56%) initiated RRT during follow-up. The first modality was haemodialysis in 622 (57%), peritoneal dialysis in 298 (27%), and a renal transplant in 167 patients (15%). Median time to RRT commencement was 12.2 months (IQR 6.4-30). A further 240 patients received a transplant after dialysis. Of the 870 patients who did not initiate RRT, 350 (40%) were documented as opting for conservative management. 756 (38.6%) patients died either before RRT initiation (434) or on the conservative care pathway (322). A further 583 (29.8%) who commenced RRT died during follow up. Median time to death from first AKCS review was 38.5 months in the active management group (21.8 months in those who died without RRT and 51.0 months in those on RRT) compared to a median of 29.7 months in the conservative group. Conclusion This study presents a descriptive analysis of long-term outcomes in a high-risk group of patients. Two-thirds of patients died within 5 years of their first AKCS review, demonstrating the high mortality burden in this population. Of those who died prior to RRT, 57.4% had opted for RRT or were undecided, highlighting the substantial competing risk of death prior to reaching end stage kidney disease. We are planning further work with this dataset including risk prediction modelling. The ability to risk-stratify and profile patients, including consideration of co-morbidities and clinical frailty score, would be beneficial for patients and healthcare providers when making decisions regarding RRT and conservative care.

A descriptive overview of cases of congenital cytomegalovirus at a tertiary hospital between 2017 and 2023

Cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) is the most common congenital infection in developed countries. The aim of our study was to describe the features of the children that have congenital CMV infection at our hospital for the last 6 years. A retrospective descriptive study was designed that included all the children with CMV congenital infection that were diagnosed at tertiary hospital of Madrid Community between 2017 and 2023. Twenty-two children were included. 54.5% have a prenatal diagnosis, 50% of them were in the third trimester, 25% at first trimester and 25% at the second. 22.7% were preterm. CMV was isolated in all the samples with CV more than 1000 copies/ml. When CMV was made in blood, 11/22 (50%) had a high CV. Only one newborn had a high CV at CRL. 44% have affectation at transfontanellar ultrasound evidenced by vasculopathy (62%), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) or periventricular calcifications (20%). 68% were asymptomatic, al though 20% had a retarded intrauterine growth (RIG) at birth or clinical features or analytical were objectified (neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, cholestasis). 33% got treatment with val ganciclovir and 33% had sequelae (hearing loss). CMV congenital infection is still a severe public health issue in developed countries. Most of the cases are mild or asymptomatic even though we should have high clinical suspicion with compatible symptoms and consistent maternal history in order to make an early diagnosis and treatment to prevent or reduce sequelae.

National Public Health Dashboards: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of robust public health data systems and the potential utility of data dashboards for ensuring access to critical public health data for diverse groups of stakeholders and decision makers. As dashboards are becoming ubiquitous, it is imperative to consider how they may be best integrated with public health data systems and the decision-making routines of diverse audiences. However, additional progress on the continued development, improvement, and sustainability of these tools requires the integration and synthesis of a largely fragmented scholarship regarding the purpose, design principles and features, successful implementation, and decision-making supports provided by effective public health data dashboards across diverse users and applications. This scoping review aims to provide a descriptive and thematic overview of national public health data dashboards including their purpose, intended audiences, health topics, design elements, impact, and underlying mechanisms of use and usefulness of these tools in decision-making processes. It seeks to identify gaps in the current literature on the topic and provide the first-of-its-kind systematic treatment of actionability as a critical design element of public health data dashboards. The scoping review follows the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. The review considers English-language, peer-reviewed journal papers, conference proceedings, book chapters, and reports that describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a public health dashboard published between 2000 and 2023. The search strategy covers scholarly databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science) and gray literature sources and uses snowballing techniques. An iterative process of testing for and improving intercoder reliability was implemented to ensure that coders are properly trained to screen documents according to the inclusion criteria prior to beginning the full review of relevant papers. The search process initially identified 2544 documents, including papers located via databases, gray literature searching, and snowballing. Following the removal of duplicate documents (n=1416), nonrelevant items (n=839), and items classified as literature reviews and background information (n=73), 216 documents met the inclusion criteria: US case studies (n=90) and non-US case studies (n=126). Data extraction will focus on key variables, including public health data characteristics; dashboard design elements and functionalities; intended users, usability, logistics, and operation; and indicators of usefulness and impact reported. The scoping review will analyze the goals, design, use, usefulness, and impact of public health data dashboards. The review will also inform the continued development and improvement of these tools by analyzing and synthesizing current practices and lessons emerging from the literature on the topic and proposing a theory-grounded and evidence-informed framework for designing, implementing, and evaluating public health data dashboards. DERR1-10.2196/52843.

Reference management practices of students, researchers, and academic staff

This study investigates the reference management practices of students, researchers, and academic staff at the University of Huddersfield. The aim of the research was to explore the role of reference management software within scholarly workflows, alongside other ways of managing information including both digital and non-digital practices.An online survey consisting of both closed and open questions was completed by 263 respondents, comprising undergraduate students, taught postgraduates, postgraduate researchers, and academic staff at the university. Quantitative data was used to generate a descriptive overview of the research sample and to contextualise the interpretation of qualitative data. Qualitative data from the open questions was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis to generate the themes presented in this paper.Quantitative data revealed a wide range of both digital and non-digital methods for reference management. While most respondents had tried using at least one type of reference management software, use of software was higher among postgraduate researchers and academic staff than undergraduates and taught postgraduates.Three themes were generated from the qualitative data: practices are unique and contextual; practices develop over time; and reference management software forms part of wider practice. Exploration of these themes led to recommendations for librarians to incorporate this understanding of reference management practices into information literacy teaching.