Descriptive Analysis Method Research Articles

Historical Assessment and Mapping of Human Plague, Kazakhstan, 1926-2003.

Understanding Kazakhstan's plague history is crucial for early warning and effective health disaster management. We used descriptive-analytical methods to analyze spatial data for human cases in natural plague foci in Kazakhstan during 1926-2003. The findings revealed 565 human cases across 82 outbreaks in Almaty (32.22%), Aktobe (1.59%), Atyrau (4.42%), Mangystau (21.24%), and Kyzylorda (40.53%) oblasts. Before antibiotic drugs were introduced in 1947-1948, major plague outbreaks occurred in 1926, 1929, 1945, 1947, and 1948, constituting 80.7% of human transmission. Plague spread through flea bites, camel handling, wild animal contact, aerosol transmissions, and rodent bites. Patients were up to 86 years of age; 49.9% were male and 50.1% female. Pulmonary cases were reported most frequently (72.4%), and person-to-person infection occurred at an incidence rate of 0.29 cases/10,000 population. Risk increased with human expansion into natural plague foci areas. Swift diagnosis and treatment are essential for curbing plague outbreaks in Kazakhstan.

The Reliability of the PEP-3 in the Arab Context: Algerian-Tunisian

The objective of this study is to validate the applicability of the PEP-3 in the Arab context (Algerian-Tunisian) within a sample of 116 children with TSA, ranging in age from 2 to 12 years. Between February and August 2024, data were collected from various geographical regions (north, central, and south) in Algeria and Tunisia. The research employed an analytical approach using Cronbach's alpha coefficient along with a descriptive analytical method. The present study examined the effectiveness of the Psychoeducational Profile - Third Edition (PEP-3) in the Algerian-Tunisian environment. The PEP-3 was applied to a sample of 116 children with autism spectrum disorder in Algeria and Tunisia. The construct validity of the PEP-3 was supported by the high internal consistency of each subtest, in addition to the medium to large correlation coefficients between the subtests. The results of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the test ranged from 0.93 to 0.94 for the procedural axes. The correlation matrix ranged from 0.71 to 0.95. The findings indicate that the scale in the Algerian-Tunisian context demonstrates an overall stability rate of 0.95. These results provide strong evidence of the construct validity of the PEP-3 and its effectiveness in the Algerian-Tunisian environment.

DOES FINANCIAL RATIO IMPACT FINANCIAL DISTRESS IN BANKING SECTOR ?

DOES FINANCIAL RATIO IMPACT FINANCIAL DISTRESS IN BANKING SECTOR ?

SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING, BRAND IMAGE, AND TRUST IMPACT ON CONSUMER PURCHASE INTEREST OF MIE SEDAP PRODUCTS IN SEMARANG CITY

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of social media marketing, brand image and trust on purchasing interest in delicious noodle products in Semarang City. Quantitative research, with an unknown population of all Mie Sedap customers in Semarang City. The sampling technique uses the Purposive Sampling method. The research sample was obtained using the Hair formula, resulting in a sample size of 115 respondents. The analysis in this research uses the descriptive analysis method, the data analysis method uses the classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, model feasibility test (F test), and hypothesis test (t test) The results of this research show that brand image and digital marketing have an influence of 61.4% on purchasing interest, while the remaining 38.6% is explained by other variables outside the model of this research. The conclusions in this research show that social media marketing, brand image and trust have an influence on customer buying interest, so it is necessary to increase marketing for social media marketing, building brand image and customer trust.

Identity Negotiation And Resistance In The Short Story 'Rose In The Tiger Canal': A Review Of Feminism Poscocolonial

This study examines the negotiation of identity and female resistance in the short story Mawar di Kanal Macan by Iksaka Banu, focusing on the dual oppression faced by women in colonial and postcolonial contexts. Using a descriptive-analytical method and a postcolonial feminist approach, the research explores how colonial and patriarchal power structures shape women's identities and incite resistance. Drawing on theories of identity, subalternity, and hybridity, the analysis investigates how women in subaltern positions negotiate their identities within dominant power structures. Furthermore, it examines how hybridity and intersectionality create spaces for resistance through both subtle and overt actions. The findings reveal that the main character, Adelheid Ewald, navigates complex identity negotiations due to the intersecting influences of colonial and patriarchal dominance, with resistance manifesting in legal and symbolic forms. These insights contribute to postcolonial feminist discourse in Indonesia, offering a deeper understanding of how women assert their agency despite operating within layered systems of oppression. The study suggests further exploration of other literary works that engage similar themes to expand discussions on identity and resistance in postcolonial societies.

REWARD SYSTEM FOR ACHIEVING MARKETING TARGETS ACCORDING TO ISLAMIC ECONOMIC LAW

The Federal International Finance (Hence called PT.FIF) branch Banda Aceh city is a financing institution that facilitates the people to financing of their needs. This company collaborates with reseller shops and distributors, allowing customers to buy goods using an installment system. Partner stores act as facilitators between PT FIF and customers, helping to market financing products. This research examines the rewards or commissions given by PT FIF to partner stores based on their marketing performance, with a focus on whether they are in line with the ji'alah agreement (marketing achievement commission) from the Islamic Economic Law perspective. Using a normative-sociological approach and descriptive-analytical methods, this research aims to analyze the concept and practice of the ji'alah agreement in sharia financing marketing partnerships. The research results show that the practice of giving commissions by PT FIF to partner shops is generally in line with the principle of the ji'alah agreement. However, several aspects were found that needed adjustment to be more in line with sharia provisions, such as clarity in determining the commission amount and target achievement period. Research also reveals that partner shops' understanding of the ji'alah concept is still limited, so further education is needed to increase awareness of the sharia aspects of this partnership.

Traditional opal mining practice in Ethiopia, challenges and its economic impact on rural households: the case of wollo opal mining

Background The discovery spurred further exploration, leading to the expansion of opal mining into neighboring districts. Numerous cooperative groups, composed of small-scale miners, traditionally explore, develop, and extract significant amounts of rough opal gemstones. This study tries to investigate the challenges and economic impacts of traditional opal mining practice in wollo province of Ethiopia. Methods The study used in this study is primary data collected from rural households, which are living in five districts of north wollo zone, in Amhara regional state. The data was collected using field observation, focus grouped discussion, interview, and questionnaire from sampled households. The study uses both descriptive and econometric methods of data analysis to achieve its objective. Results Among the challenges of traditional opal mining, primitive way of exploring and extraction, limited access to market and low institutional support in terms of training and finance are identified. The probit model reveals that, increased education, access to training, and access to credit positively influence the likelihood of engaging in opal mining. The ESR model shows that, the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) indicates that participating in opal mining increases monthly income by 31,380 ETB, while the average treatment effect on the untreated (ATU) shows a potential income increase of 31,625 ETB for non-miners if they engaged in mining. Conclusion The study identifies three main categories of challenges faced by traditional opal miners: exploration and extraction issues, market limitations, and regulatory and institutional shortcomings. Exploration and extraction challenges include the lack of modern mining tools and knowledge, as well as difficult terrain, leading to inefficient and hazardous mining practices. Market-related challenges involve limited access to broader markets and lack of value addition, resulting in miners selling raw opals at significantly lower prices compared to polished ones.

Community Empowerment in Tourism Management at Kampung Flory,Tridadi Village, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta

Community empowerment is needed in every management of the tourism industry. Kampung Flory has been developed for a long time and benefits the community. The tourist attractions that Kampung Flory owns are quite diverse and offer many choices to tourists. This study aims to examine community empowerment in the management of destinations in Kampung Flory followed by organizing a management model according to the tourism institutions in Kampung Flory. This study uses a quantitative approach. Methods of data collection are carried out by observation, questionnaires, and literature study with the number of respondents being 123 people. Data analysis methods using descriptive statistical analysis methods assisted by a Likert scale. The results of this study indicate that social empowerment and economic empowerment for the people of Kampung Flory are good. The average score of all these variables is 3.56 indicating that the community strongly agrees with empowerment because from the initial stage to the tourism development stage in Kampung Flory is carried out all by the community. The form of community empowerment in Kampung Flory is in the form of community involvement in the management of tourism objects such as recruitment as labor and opening a business in the tourist area of Kampung Flory.

Response of Christian Youth to Interfaith Scriptural Reasoning:

The reading of Scripture is susceptible to interpretation and can offer constructive values, but it can also lead to self-exclusion and destructive actions. Traditionally, the reading and interpretation of Scripture have been an internal activity within each religious community. However, in Yogyakarta, Scriptural Reasoning activities are being organized by the Young Interfaith Peacemaker Community (YIPC) Indonesia, involving participants from diverse religious and belief backgrounds. This research examines the response of Christian Youth engaged in Scriptural Reasoning activities, specifically focusing on how they create a welcoming space for the presence of the other. The research will employ an analytical descriptive method, with data gathered through participatory observation, interviews with respondents selected via purposive sampling, and the collection of relevant literature and documents. Respondents will include organizers of Scriptural Reasoning activities and Christian participants. The data will be analyzed using Marianne Moyaert’s concept of hermeneutic hospitality. This study highlights the significance of hermeneutic openness as an expression of hospitality within the Christian community and the importance of creating space for interreligious dialogue. Reading sacred texts can also help prevent conflicts of religious sentiments based on scriptural interpretation.

The Role of the School’s Committee in Implementing P5 in the Era of Independent Learning

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the school committee and its contribution in improving the quality of education in the era of independent learning. This study was conducted at SMP Negeri West Jakarta Region 1. Interviews, observations, documentation, and literature reviews were the data collection tools used. This study is qualitative research with a descriptive analysis method. The data collection process was carried out through in-depth interviews and questioner. The technique of data analysis was classifying data based on the category, counting the frequency and percentage. This study found that the school committee, as part of the school element, is responsible for the smooth implementation of school programs in the current era of independent learning, the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5), building relationships with the school community, improving facilities and infrastructure, and encouraging improvements in the quality of school resources. Here, the result of the percentage of each the categories they are: an advisory agency (consideration) as much as 25%, a support agency (supporter) as much as 25%. a controlling agency (controller) as much as 23% and a mediator as much as 27%.

Postoj studentů sociální pedagogiky k homoparentálním rodinám

The paper is focused on the research of the attitude of the students of the Bachelor's and Master's degree programmes in social pedagogy from the J. E. Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, University of Ostrava and Masaryk University in Brno (N = 107) towards the issue of homoparental families and in a broader context towards homosexuality as such. Furthermore, we also focus on the students' perspective on how the issue of homoparental families is reflected in the educational content of the subjects in their curriculum. An accessible type of research sampling was used. The author's questionnaire constructed on the principle of Likert scales was used as a research instrument. The questionnaire includes items aimed at identifying attitudes towards gay marriage, the causes of homosexuality, the upbringing of children by homoparental parents, and the space devoted to this topic in the university training of future social educators. The data obtained were processed using descriptive methods of statistical analysis and further analyzed. The findings show that a significant majority of the respondents are in favour of homosexual couples receiving the same rights as heterosexual couples, including the possibility of marriage. Furthermore, the majority of respondents appear to be in favour of the naturalness of homosexual couples raising children. From the answers we can conclude that the students interviewed consider homosexuality as natural as heterosexuality and their attitudes are mostly positive.

Cooperative Learning Teams Games Tournament (TGT) with Content Differentiation Approach: An Effort to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Whole Number Topics

Students often perceive mathematics as difficult and abstract, negatively affecting their interest and motivation to learn. The Teams Games Tournament (TGT) model was chosen because it incorporates healthy competition into the learning process, encouraging students to engage more actively. The main objective of this study is to improve the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students in a whole number topics by applying the Cooperative Learning Teams Games Tournament (TGT) model with a content differentiation approach. This study used Classroom Action Research (CAR) carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The research subjects were 27 fourth-grade students at SDN Sidosermo I Surabaya in the 2023/2024 academic year. Learning outcome data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests to assess students’ understanding before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis methods to describe the average scores and the percentage of student mastery in each cycle. Based on the pre-test results, the average student score was 61.48, with a mastery rate of 40.74%, which is below the minimum passing criterion (KKM) of 75. After the intervention in Cycle 1, the average score increased to 80.85, with a mastery rate of 52%. In Cycle 2, following strategy improvements, the average score reached 86.78, with 85% mastery. These results indicate that the TGT model with a content differentiation approach is effective in improving students' understanding and learning outcomes, surpassing the 80% mastery criterion.

Reading Comprehension Questions in Fourth Grade Arabic Language Textbooks in Oman: An Analysis From the Perspective of Progress in International Reading Literacy Study

The study aimed to determine the extent to which the reading comprehension questions in the book, I Love My Language for the Fourth Grade, Part One and Two, consider the reading comprehension processes. It also measured the level of consideration of the reading comprehension questions for the reading comprehension processes by the international study Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS). The descriptive analytical method was used, and its tool was a content analysis card, which included four processes with 237 questions. The results showed that the book I Love My Language for the fourth grade included the four reading comprehension processes and carefully analyzed most of its sub-processes. It is recommended to reconsider the balance of processes in the book. This is important in light of the reading comprehension processes and the diversity of reading comprehension questions. It is necessary to take into account the four comprehension processes and their sub-processes in the two parts measured by the international study "PIRLS".

Analisis Kepuasan Pengguna Website Zahira Media Publisher Menggunakan Metode End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS)

This study aims to analyze user satisfaction with the website of Zahira Media Publisher, a publishing company that has been operating since 2012. Using a descriptive analysis method and a quantitative approach, this study collected data through a questionnaire designed based on the End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) model. The five main variables analyzed include content, accuracy, format, ease of use, and timeliness of information. The results showed that the quality of content and the accuracy of information greatly influenced user satisfaction. In addition, the ease of use of the website is also an important factor that improves user experience. that improves user experience. Although the Zahira Media Publisher website offers a wide range of publishing services, there are some obstacles, especially in the process of registering new user accounts, which can hinder access to key features. This research provides recommendations for improvements in website design and functionality to increase user satisfaction and customer loyalty.

The Implementation of Entrepreneurship Values in Sprachbeherrschung Learning Based on Local Wisdom

This research was conducted on Sprachbeherrschung learning in the German Language Education Study Program, FKIP-Unpatti. This study aimed to implement the value of entrepreneurship in German language learning based on local wisdom and also to shape the students’ character by instilling values such as independence, creativity, risk-taking, and responsibility. Students are not only trained with knowledge and theories in textbooks, but in the learning process students are instilled with entrepreneurship values, which consist of five aspects, namely: (a) the learning process of Sprachbeherrschung; (b) the cultivation of entrepreneurship value through group roles; (c) the impact of the implementation of entrepreneurship value on learning outcomes; (d) the feasibility of dividing roles into groups; and (e) the effectiveness of learning Sprachbeherrschung based on local wisdom. The instrument is a questionnaire which was then analyzed using descriptive analysis method. Previously, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire had been tested and the test results stated that all statement items in the questionnaire were valid and the questionnaire was reliable. Based on the analysis results, it is shown that 60% of respondents agreed on the aspects of the Sprachbeherrschung learning process, 50% of respondents agreed on the aspects of instilling entrepreneurship values through group roles, 70% of respondents agreed on the aspects of the impact of the implementation of entrepreneurship values on learning outcomes, 90% of respondents agreed on the aspects of the feasibility of dividing roles in groups, and 70% of respondents agreed on the aspects of the effectiveness of local wisdom-based Sprachbeherrschung learning. Furthermore, the average value of each aspect was calculated and it was found that the five aspects had an average value that fell into the agreed category. Keywords: entrepreneurship value, Sprachbeherrschung learning, local wisdom

Addressing Gender Stereotyping in the Emergent World of Block-Chain and Cryptocurrency Administration

The study seeks to address the gender gap in the crypto world by exploring strategies for promoting financial literacy, creating opportunities for women in the industry and addressing the “bro culture”. Several empirical evidence has been done by researchers which indicates that men are more interested in crypto currencies than women. This work will show how crypto currency-based approaches to development interact with gender, which are part of neoliberal beliefs about entrepreneurialism, financial inclusion, and gender roles. Block-chain technology has the potential to address gender inequality. The research methodology borders around the use of descriptive methods of analysis and content analysis. The work attempts to look into the rise of decentralized finance, specifically block chain-based applications and calls for a more feminine-friendly analysis. Findings by Gemini’s State of US Crypto report showed that women make up only 26% of the investors in the space. Forex analyzed the top 50 crypto company founders to find only 6% of these have female CEOs. The World Bank explores how block chain can be leveraged to advance gender equality, particularly in the context of humanitarian response and financial services. As such, the gender gap in the cryptocurrency world is a complex issue that requires a multifaceted approach to address. The study recommended that blockchain technology holds promise for promoting gender equality

ANALISIS PEMASARAN OTAK-OTAK IKAN "SELARAS LEGENDARIS" DI KOTA BANDUNG

Marketing strategy is a way to achieve marketing goals, involving target markets, product positioning, marketing mix and budget. In business, marketing strategies are very important to survive in a competitive market. This research aims to identify the added value of processing mackerel fish into otak-otak, namely the "Otak-Otak Selaras Legendaris" in Cicendo District, Bandung City, as well as to analyze the market. The method used in this research is the case study method. The data used in this research is primary data. Data collection in this research includes observation, interviews and logging. The data analysis used in this research is a qualitative descriptive analysis method. Based on the results of the analysis that has been carried out regarding the opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses of the “Otak-Otak Selaras Legendaris Ikan Tenggiri”, the results show that this business has great opportunities because the demand and need for ready-to-eat food is high in the current era. Processing mackerel fish otak-otak produces significant economic benefits. The processing of mackerel fish into otak-otak is clear evidence of how the fisheries sector can increase added value through innovation and efficiency. So with this opportunity, improving product quality and service quality will maintain customer loyalty.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING STOCK PRICES OF COMPANIES IN THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR

Based on data from BPS (Statistics Indonesia) for 2019-2021, the agricultural sector in Indonesia dominated employment and attracted investment interest from various parties. This study analyzes the impact of fundamental analysis and macroeconomic variables on the fluctuations in stock prices of agricultural sector companies from 2019 to 2023. The aim is to examine the effects of Return on Assets (ROA), Price-Earnings Ratio (PER), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Earnings Price Ratio (EPR) on the stock price movements of agricultural sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The study employs a descriptive analysis method, involving the collection, organization, and analysis of data to accurately depict the investigated issue. Data collection was conducted at the IDX from 2019 to 2023 through library research methods, using secondary data in the form of financial reports of agricultural sector companies available on www.idx.co.id. The study utilizes a simple regression analysis model with Eviews 6.0 software to process statistical and econometric data. The panel data combines time series and cross-section data, analyzed using fixed effect and random effect approaches to estimate the regression model. Estimation methods include pooled regression/pooled least squares, assuming constant coefficients for each time and space. The research results indicate that the LSDV/FEM panel regression model is the best, with variables such as DER, Earnings Per Share (EPS), PER, ROA, world oil prices, and the rupiah exchange rate collectively having a significant impact on stock prices in the agricultural sector. Additionally, classical assumption analysis shows that the data is stationary, normally distributed, free from multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation. The managerial implication of these findings is that investors should consider purchasing stocks in the agricultural sector, taking into account fundamental conditions, macroeconomic factors, and technical analysis.

Relevance of Competency Based Education for Architectural Education in India.

A holistic architectural education is the culmination of learning knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values, which eventually reflects in the quality of graduates. Even though different schools of thought have made various kinds of qualitative contributions towards the evolution of architectural education in India, it has largely been dominated by the quantitative and technical aspects of its regulating framework. Architects engage with the demanding contradictions between responsibilities of an ethical nature, the dynamic challenges of practice, and the intricacies of architectural imagination. The aesthetical and imaginative foundations of the field make it incumbent upon the architects to possess a balance of ecumenical proficiencies for accountability and personalization. The purpose of the study is to identify relevant attributes of Competency Based Education (CBE) that can be adopted for architectural education in India. This research follows a narrative review approach and a descriptive-analytic method to broadly understand the attributes of CBE and its potential relevance to architectural education in India. 323 articles were searched on various search strings based on their relevance to the inquiry. 76 documents written in English language were included and appraised through the Scale of the Assessment for Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) tool to avoid any risk of bias. The PRISMA 2020 checklist and flow diagram has been used to report the findings of this narrative review. The study identifies eight critical parameters of CBE with respect to its definitions, origins, transitions, regulatory environment, characteristics, approaches and implications on teaching-learning, frameworks and models of assessment; and challenges, which makes a case for the relevance of CBE for architectural education in India, which hasn't been explored yet. The broader expectations of 'being competent' can be addressed through a conscious adoption of strategies of relevant attributes of CBE which can encourage building attitudes and temperament for life-long learning.

Peran Media Sosial dalam Mempengaruhi Kebijakan Pendidikan

This research aims to analyze the role of social media in influencing education policy in the digital era. This research uses a mixed approach, namely qualitative and quantitative, involving 300 respondents from various stakeholders, including students, parents, educators, and government officials. The data collection techniques that will be used in this research include surveys, interviews, and content analysis. The analysis used in this research employs SPSS for descriptive data and thematic analysis methods for interview results. The research results show that social media serves as an effective tool in disseminating information related to education policies, with 89% of respondents agreeing with this. Additionally, 70% of respondents stated that social media facilitates public participation in the education policy-making process. There is doubt about the extent to which input from social media is considered by policymakers, with 40% of respondents expressing skepticism about this. An analysis of the content of 300 posts related to education policy revealed that issues such as educational gaps, curriculum, and access to technology in online learning are top concerns for the community, with 75% of posts showing negative sentiment towards existing education policies. These findings show the importance of increasing digital literacy and creating a more inclusive mechanism so that people's voices on social media are more accommodated in policymaking