Description Of Production Research Articles

Creative uses of low tech in Bamako recording studios (Mali)

In Mali, the introduction of 3G alongside growing access to digital audio technologies throughout the 2010s has led a sharp increase in the number of recording studios. Using an ethnography of Bamako studios, we establish a theoretical framework and a methodology to remap music production studies beyond the limits of a Northerncentric narrative. We discuss the notions of high, low and alt tech, and lofi and hifi within the 2010s’ recording studio literature. Drawing upon the description of a tradi-trap production, this paper contrasts local discourses and uses of globalized technologies to highlight the constraints and capabilities of studio practitioners.

JointMatcher: Numerically-aware entity matching using pre-trained language models with attention concentration

Entity matching (EM) aims to identify whether two records refer to the same underlying real-world entity. Traditional entity matching methods mainly focus on structured data, where the attribute values are short and atomic. Recently, there has been an increasing demand for matching textual records, such as matching descriptions of products that correspond to long spans of text, which challenges the applications of these methods. Although a few deep learning (DL) solutions have been proposed, these solutions tend to “directly” use the DL techniques and treat the EM as NLP tasks without determining the unique demand for the EM task. Thus, the performance of these DL-based solutions is still far from satisfactory. In this paper, we present JointMatcher, a novel EM method based on the pre-trained Transformer-based language models so that the generated features of the textual records contain the context information. We realize that more attention paid to the similar segments and number-contained segments of the record pair is crucial for accurate matching. To integrate the high-contextualized features with the consideration of paying more attention to the similar segments and the number-contained segments, JointMatcher is equipped with the relevance-aware encoder and the numerically-aware encoder. Extensive experiments using structured and real-world textual datasets demonstrated that JointMatcher outperforms the previous state-of-the-art (SOTA) results without injecting any domain knowledge when small or medium size training sets are used.

An Empirical Study on Impact of Social Media Marketing on Small Scale Organic Outlets in Chennai City

Social Media Marketing is a form of internet marketing with the use of various social media networks in order to attain the marketing communication and branding goals. Social media is the collective of online communications channels dedicated to community-based input, interaction, content-sharing, videos, images for marketing purposes. The main objective of this study is to study the impact of social media marketing on the growth of small scale organic outlets and on the consumer behaviour in Chennai City. Percentage analysis and multiple regression were used to analyse the data.81% of the outlets are using SMM between 2-4 hours in a day,56% of the outlets are posting Product image and Descriptions and 61% of the Outlets are using SMM to Reach at a large. This study deals with the impact of social media on the marketing strategies of small scale organic outlets in Chennai city.

Bundle Up Before You Go: Toward a Bundle Approach to Product Categorization

Market participants, such as producers and audiences, often use a list of categories to label, evaluate, or promote products. Extant category research focuses overwhelmingly on a category's social properties and connectivity to explain why a category is used to describe a product. However, categories often cluster together, and little is known about how this clustering affects the appearance of a category in the description of a product. In this article, we define the easily reproducible clustering of categories as a category bundle and develop a novel measurement, bundle congruence, to measure the fitness of the category bundle. We argue that audiences employ bundle congruence to choose or exclude categories. In markets in which audiences dominate product categorization, a category's bundle congruence in a product's descriptions increases the probability that it is used for the product. Moreover, the overall bundle congruence of a product elevates the economic returns of the focal product. Our arguments are supported by an empirical analysis of feature films produced in North America. This study not only enriches the understanding of the bundle structure of the category system but also provides a novel explanation of why category spanning remains ubiquitous, despite the findings of previous studies, which assert that category-straddling products are prone to be punished financially.

Study of Pressure Retarded Osmosis Process in Hollow Fiber Membrane: Cylindrical Model for Description of Energy Production

A new mathematical model was developed to predict the cylindrical effect of the membrane performance in the pressure retarded osmosis process. The cylindrical membrane transport layers (the draw side boundary and the porous membrane) were divided into very thin sublayers with constant mass transport parameters, among others with a constant radius in every sublayer. The obtained second-order differential mass balance equations were solved analytically, with constant parameters written for every sublayer. The algebraic equation system involving 2N equations was then solved for the determinant solution. It was shown that the membrane properties, water permeability (A), salt permeability (B), structural parameter (S) and the operating conditions (inlet draw side solute concentration and draw side mass transfer coefficient) affect the water flux strongly, and thus the membrane performance, due to the cylindrical effect caused by the variable surface and volume of the sublayers. This effect significantly depends on the lumen radius. The lower radius means a larger change in the internal surface/volume of sublayers with ΔR thickness. The predicted results correspond to that of the flat-sheet membrane layer at ro = 10,000 μm. At the end of this manuscript, the calculated mass transfer rates were compared to those measured. It was stated that the curvature effect in using a capillary membrane must not be left out of consideration when applying hollow fiber membrane modules due to their relatively low lumen radius. The presented model provides more precise prediction of the performance in the case of hollow fiber membranes.

Tasting prosody: Crossmodal correspondences between voice quality and basic tastes

Voice quality or type of phonation (e.g., a whispery voice) can prime specific sensory associations amongst consumers. In the realm of sensory and consumer science, a wide range of taste-sound correspondences has been documented. A growing body of research on crossmodal correspondences has revealed that people reliably associate sounds with basic taste qualities. Here, we examined the largely unexplored associations between basic tastes and sounds: namely taste-voice quality correspondences. Across three pre-registered studies, participants associated four types of voice qualities (modal, whispery, creaky, and falsetto) with the five basic tastes (sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami).Study 1 investigated the relations between voice qualities and taste words. Study 2 attempted to replicate the findings and revealed the underpinning psychological mechanisms in terms of semantic/emotional associations. Study 3 used the descriptions of food products that varied in terms of their taste to expand the applicability of the findings. The results demonstrated that participants reliably associate specific voice qualities with particular tastes. Falsetto voices are matched more strongly with sweetness than other voices. Creaky voices are matched more strongly with bitterness than other voices. Modal voices are matched more strongly with umami than creaky voices. Evaluation/positive valence might partially underlie the associations between sweet/bitter-voice quality correspondences. Taken together, these findings reveal a novel case of sound-taste correspondences and deepen our understanding of how people can associate attributes from different senses.

Designing Industrial Product-Service System (PSS) Pilot Projects in Manufacturing Companies: A Proposed Process for Product and Customer Selection

AbstractThis paper proposes an approach for capital goods manufacturers to design Product-Service System (PSS) pilot projects by selecting appropriate products and customers. The authors conducted a single-case empirical study as a part of an ongoing action research project to maximise the learnings from a pilot project while minimising expenditure in extensive trial and error PSS solution testing. Two sets of criteria were elicited for product and customer selection, respectively, followed by a description of the ideal product and customer attributes for each of the three most common PSS archetypes.

Hemp Dispensaries in NC Promote CBD to Treat Pain and Offer low-CBD/high Price Products

Demand for products containing cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating hemp/cannabis derived compound for the treatment of pain is growing as states legalize medicinal cannabis programs. Currently, only one prescription medication containing CBD is approved by the FDA; Epidiolex, which is used to treat resistant seizures syndromes in children. The FDA has deemed it illegal for companies to make any other medical/therapeutic or health claims about CBD products. Some states, such as North Carolina, have legalized CBD using compassionate programs to promote the access to CBD for patients with these epileptic syndromes. The goal of our study was to determine whether the CBD program in NC complies with FDA advertisement requirements, or these compounds are illegally advertised to treat pain. We also investigated whether the CBD program in NC provides an economic advantage over other pain medication or Epidiolex. We selected the 10 most populated cities of NC and randomly chose 3 hemp/CBD shops (dispensaries) from each city. We collected online information of products from the dispensary websites. Our results show that four types of products are equally present: edible, oral, inhalable, and topical. A word analysis of product description revealed that "pain relief" was the most common medical claim, and epilepsy or seizures were absent. Health claims were mostly related to skin and general wellbeing. The total CBD content of the majority of products was less than 500 mg. The average price for 300 mg of CBD in any type of product is $25, and there was a positive correlation between CBD content and price. We conclude that the NC CBD dispensaries do not comply with FDA requirements or the NC Epilepsy Alternative Treatment Act and heavily promote CBD for the treatment of pain. NC CBD products contain non-clinically meaningful CBD concentrations and higher prices than OTC analgesics or Epidiolex. Grant support from Pilot Award WFU Center for Research on Substance Use and Addiction.

Property and Functional Constuctions in Chinese

There exist some “property and functional semi-affix + VP” constructions in Chinese language, which generally denote disposition and function. This paper defines this type of constructions as property and functional constructions, and describes and generalizes their syntactic and stylistic properties after putting them into different classes. This paper finds that property and functional constructions are widely used in property language styles such as advertisements, product descriptions, etc. with conciseness, reduplicated use, and productivity as their stylistic properties. Upon a thorough stylistic analysis, this paper takes a step further than previous studies on Middle constructions.

Analysis of the transition of local lighting fixtures in Ukraine to Led-analogues based on a comprehensive study of their light distribution

The purpose of this work is to study the state of the problem of transition of local lighting fixtures in Ukraine to LED counterparts. At present, there is almost a complete abandonment of the use of traditional light sources, due to the low light output of these sources, low service life, environmental considerations, and so on. However, the main requirement for lighting fixtures of any type is the compliance of their light distribution with the visual tasks that will be assigned to them during operation. As for most outdoor and indoor lighting fixtures, they are, in fact, certified, and their light distribution is given in one form or another either in the passports of the device, or in technical descriptions of relevant products on the websites of manufacturers or in catalogs. As for local lighting fixtures – table lamp fixtures, such information is not provided to the buyer. However, there are generally accepted recommendations for the light distribution of such lamps. Namely - the light distribution should be uniform and direct illumination on the work surface should be close to 200 lux. If you deviate from these requirements, the consumer may face problems such as visual impairment and stooping. As the volume of production of local lighting fixtures is significant, the authors set themselves the task of understanding whether modern models of these fixtures meet these standards. The paper presents data on the systematic study of the light distribution of local lighting fixtures for a considerable period of time. It is shown that the first samples of LED lights did not meet the requirements for their light distribution, which was confidently provided by lights based on compact fluorescent and halogen lamps. But gradually the light distribution of LED-lights approached the cosine and today for the vast majority of LED local lighting fixtures on the market it can be stated that their light distribution is absolutely adequate and further use of traditional light sources for local lighting can be completely stopped. It is also noted that the vast majority of modern table lamps are equipped with dimmers, what allows to flexibly adapt local lighting modes to solve specific visual problems in addition to other energy savings.

‘Edible seaweeds’ as an alternative to animal-based proteins in the UK: Identifying product beliefs and consumer traits as drivers of consumer acceptability for macroalgae

Edible macroalgae (i.e., ‘seaweeds’) are a nutritious and sustainable alternative to animal-based proteins. However, consumption of seaweeds in Western countries remains low, and little is known about individual drivers of acceptance. The aim of this study was to further explore the consumer acceptability of seaweed-based food products in the UK. In an online study (N = 476), participants were presented with a general description of edible seaweeds, and descriptions of seaweed-based food products (e.g., ‘seaweed burger’). Participants were asked to rate beliefs about product attributes, and reported acceptance in terms of liking, willingness to try, willingness to buy, and readiness to adopt as a meat alternative. It was predicted that positive beliefs about seaweed-based products would be significantly associated with greater acceptance, and that seaweed-based products would be more favourable than a general description of seaweeds. Supporting study hypotheses, structural equation modelling showed that positive beliefs about taste/ edibility and familiarity significantly predicted acceptance (p <.01). Taste/ edibility was higher for seaweed-based products compared to a general description of seaweeds (p <.001), and perceiving foods to be tasty and familiar mediated the negative effect of food neophobia on consumer acceptance (p <.05). Other product beliefs – including cost, healthiness, and sustainability – were relatively poor predictors of acceptance (p >.05). These results support the consumer acceptance of seaweeds, and identify scope for utilising specific attributes of seaweeds (as drivers of acceptance) in future product development.

Recommender system information trustworthiness: The role of perceived ability to learn, self-extension, and intelligence cues

Making consumers trust in product descriptions provided by recommender systems is important for marketers, managers, and IT developers dealing with AI-based recommenders. The previous related research has focused on the relationship between the personalization of a recommender system's offering and consumer trust in the system. This paper aims to extend this literature by investigating how the perceived recommender system ability to learn influences the perceived trustworthiness of the recommended product descriptions. Additionally, it is studied what role the consumer self-extension into system recommendations and intelligence cues play in this relationship. Two studies (Study 1 and Study 2) were conducted among young adults participating in an online research panel. Both studies used smartphones as a product category. All study participants were exposed to the same set of product descriptions ostensibly provided by recommender systems. Study 1 surveyed actual Facebook users (N = 204) and assumed Facebook as a recommender system. Perceived ability to learn, self-extension, and perceived trustworthiness were rated by the participants, and the measurements were analyzed with a mediation model. Perceived ability to learn had a positive effect on perceived description trustworthiness, and self-extension mediated this relationship. Study 2 (N = 515) was an experiment. The participants were exposed to a fictitious recommender system. Ability-to-learn cues (like asking about preferences; present vs. absent) and anthropomorphic cues (like first-person and conversation-like communication; present vs. absent) were manipulated between-subject. Perceived ability to learn, perceived anthropomorphism, and trustworthiness were rated by the participants, and the measurements were analyzed with ANOVA and moderated mediation models. Ability-to-learn cues × anthropomorphism cues interaction effect occurred on perceived ability to learn and trustworthiness. The positive effect of ability-to-learn cues on perceived ability to learn (perceived trustworthiness) was more positive (occurred only) in the presence of anthropomorphic cues. The paper extends the existing knowledge on consumer response to recommender systems by linking perceived system ability to learn and perceived recommended product description trustworthiness (with the evaluated offerings unchanged). Moreover, the paper provides novel insights into the role of self-extension and system intelligence cues in building consumer trust in recommender systems. The results may guide marketers, managers, IT developers, and policymakers dealing with AI-based systems through the possible consequences of developing AI technology in recommender systems.

CrowdDesigner: information-rich and personalized product description generation

CrowdDesigner: information-rich and personalized product description generation

Bioinformatic comparison of three Embleya species and description of steffimycins production by Embleya sp. NF3.

The Embleya genus is a new member of the Streptomycetaceae family formed by only two species isolated from soil (Embleya scabrispora and Embleya hyalina). Strain NF3 is an endophytic actinobacterium obtained from the medicinal tree Amphipterygium adstringens. By 16S rRNA gene analysis, NF3 strain was identified as Embleya sp., closely related to E. hyalina. In our interest to deep into the NF3 strain features, a bioinformatic study was performed on the Embleya genus based on their genome information to produce secondary metabolites. A comparative analysis of the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of NF3 with the two released Embleya genomes revealed that NF3 has 49 BGCs, E. scabrispora DSM41855 has 50 BGCs, and E. hyalina NBRC13850 has 46 BGCs. Although bearing similar cluster numbers, the three strains shared only 25% of the BGCs information. NF3 encoded the nybomycin cluster detected in E. hyalina NBRC13850 and lacked the hitachimycin cluster present in E. scabrispora DSM41855. On the contrary, strain NF3 contained a cluster for the anthracycline steffimycin, neither encoded by E. hyalina NBRC13850 nor by E. scabrispora DSM41855. Our results and previous characterization studies supported strain NF3 as a new member of the genus Embleya. The chemical analysis of the steffimycins produced by strain NF3 showed the production of eight compounds of the steffimycins and steffimycinone families. Four of these molecules have already been described: steffimycin B, steffimycin C, 8-demethoxy-10-deoxysteffimycinone, and 7-deoxiesteffimycinone, and four are new natural products: 8-demethoxysteffimycin B, 8-demethoxy-10-deoxysteffimycin B, 7-deoxy-8-demethoxysteffimycinone, and 7-deoxy-10-deoxysteffimycinone. With this information, we proposed an alternative pathway to produce StefB. Among steffimycins, StefB was the main compound produced by this strain (29.8%) and showed the best cytotoxic activity. KEY POINTS: • The Embleya genus and its biosynthetic potential • An alternative biosynthetic pathway for steffimycins biosynthesis • Four new natural products of the steffimycin family.

Photon fragmentation in the antenna subtraction formalism

The theoretical description of photon production at particle colliders combines direct photon radiation and fragmentation processes, which can not be separated from each other for definitions of photon isolation used in experimental measurements. The theoretical description of these processes must account for collinear parton-photon configurations, retaining the dependence on the photon momentum fraction, and includes the parton-to-photon fragmentation functions. We extend the antenna subtraction method to include photon fragmentation processes up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD. Collinear photon radiation is handled using newly introduced fragmentation antenna functions and associated phase space mappings. We derive the integrated forms of the fragmentation antenna functions and describe their interplay with the mass factorisation of the photon fragmentation functions. The construction principles of antenna subtraction terms up to NNLO for identified photons are outlined, thereby enabling the application of the method to different photon production processes at colliders.

Visual-optical positioning and configuration of non-identified electronic pricing tags on retail shelves

Firstly, a new positioning methodology for electronic pricing tags (EPTs) is proposed, performed by a Visual-Optical Mobile Module (VOMM) on the shelf. The module is composed of a monocular mobile camera and an infrared laser emitter built into a precise X-Y-Z angle divider driven by subdivision control of a stepping motor for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). The inter-tag distance between two EPTs can be down to a minimum of 2 mm. Secondly, the batteryoperated EPT consists of an infrared receiver and a low-cost MCU with LC-display. All EPTs can be positioned and automatically assigned to a specific ID. Hence, neither Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) nor a beacon is needed to tag the products. All the off-the-shelf products can be freely placed anywhere on the shelves. Thirdly, all individual EPTs can be auto-configured by a VOMM via Line-of-Sight (LoS) communication. The initial database simply records product identification and description, regular price, promotion price and sale period. Finally, the rotatable VOMM is installed on the ceiling, and a 3D floor plan can be generated to show the coordinates of products and EPTs. Shelves and zones can be generated automatically by using visual recognition and the information from the database according to the position of all EPTs on the shelves.

Computer modeling of the tournament of game algorithms in the process of learning of basics of algorithmization and programming by pre-service IT-specialists

The problems of contemporary IT specialists’ training in terms of the high requirements to their computational thinking skills as well as the urgency of raising their motivation to mastering algorithmization and programming are discussed in the paper. It is emphasized by the authors that initial university courses should focus pre-service IT-specialists on the deep understanding of an algorithmic nature of any coding task, to realize basic characteristics of the algorithms, to understand their role in modern software development. Due to the contemporary demands, programming should rest on algorithms building and has to be a part of lager scale experiences in order to realize its full potential. One of such experiences offered by the authors in the paper is involving the students into specially arranged activity focused on efficient game algorithms creation and simulation of the tournament between the algorithms. The offered activity is elaborated based on the applying the gamification elements into the learning process. Basing on the core gamifiaction principles, there were thought over and arranged an activity involving the students into the creation of gamified products. In our case, the gamified product which the students had to develop in the process of learning of algorithmization and programming was the software platform which enables a computer simulation of the tournament between the different game algorithms which realize winning strategies. The peculiarities and the stages of the said activity are covered in details along with the description of the final software product. Analyzing the described functionality of the computer simulator of the algorithms tournaments based on the gamification ideas, we can emphasize its significant didactic facilities in the context of its using for IT-specialists training. In particular, the developed gamified product was probed in the process of other students’ mastering algorithmization and programming as well as of the schoolchildren training during summer IT schools. The prospects of the research are outlined in the lines of using the obtained results for holding the empirical research for the verification of offered activity impact on the results of IT-specialists training.

Early Speech Sound Production and Its Trajectories in Very Preterm Children From 2 to 4 Years of Age.

Very preterm (VPT) children are at risk for speech and language problems throughout school age. However, little is known about early speech sound production in these children. This study aims to present a detailed description of early speech sound production and its trajectories in VPT children from 2 to 4 years of age. In addition, this study aimed to determine if early speech sound production is associated with speech production and expressive language function at 4 years of age. In 63 VPT children (< 32 weeks of gestation, 41 boys, mean gestational age = 28.8 weeks, mean birth weight = 1,135 g), speech sound production was assessed by naturalistic speech analysis at 2 years of corrected age and speech and language function by standardized tests at 4 years of age. Speech sound production was found to be abnormal in 49% of the VPT children at 2 years of age and in 19% at 4 years of age. Four different speech production trajectories from 2 to 4 years of age could be identified: a normal trajectory, an abnormal trajectory, a catch-up trajectory, and a growing-into-deficit trajectory. Early speech production, defined by the number of acquired consonants at 2 years of age, significantly predicted the word production score at 4 years of age and the sentence production score at 4 years of age. Compared to the general population, an alarmingly high proportion of VPT children showed speech production problems at 2 years of age. About half of these children showed persistent speech problems at 4 years of age. Moreover, these problems were associated with expressive language problems at the age of 4 years. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19310822.

OSS Effort Estimation Using Software Features Similarity and Developer Activity-Based Metrics

Software development effort estimation (SDEE) generally involves leveraging the information about the effort spent in developing similar software in the past. Most organizations do not have access to sufficient and reliable forms of such data from past projects. As such, the existing SDEE methods suffer from low usage and accuracy. We propose an efficient SDEE method for open source software, which provides accurate and fast effort estimates. The significant contributions of our article are (i) novel SDEE software metrics derived from developer activity information of various software repositories, (ii) an SDEE dataset comprising the SDEE metrics’ values derived from approximately 13,000 GitHub repositories from 150 different software categories, and (iii) an effort estimation tool based on SDEE metrics and a software description similarity model . Our software description similarity model is basically a machine learning model trained using the PVA on the software product descriptions of GitHub repositories. Given the software description of a newly envisioned software, our tool yields an effort estimate for developing it. Our method achieves the highest standardized accuracy score of 87.26% (with Cliff’s δ = 0.88 at 99.999% confidence level) and 42.7% with the automatically transformed linear baseline model. Our software artifacts are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5095723.

Experiential and Analytical Price Evaluations: How Experiential Product Description Affects Prices

Abstract Quantity can be described using perceptual units (e.g., bags, pieces) or standardized units (e.g., ounces, grams). Merely making perceptual units more salient in quantity description can increase perceived economic value. Even when the objective information and numerosity are kept constant, merely presenting the perceptual unit first (e.g., Lay’s Chips 14 snack bags, 14 oz. of chips in snack bags of 1 oz. each) increases willingness to pay compared to presenting the standardized unit first (e.g., Lay’s Chips 14 oz., 14 oz. of chips in snack bags of 1 oz. each). This occurs because perceptual units activate more experiential evaluations whereas standardized units activate more analytical evaluations. An archival study shows that retailers charge higher unit prices for products when perceptual units are salient in quantity description. Six preregistered experiments show that even when both units are available, merely increasing the attentional salience of perceptual units increases willingness to pay. The demonstration that the mere salience of experiential information can alter subjective value offers new insights into the psychology of market prices.