Description Of Context Research Articles

National Mental Health Service Planning Framework – Implementation of joined-up regional planning of mental health service delivery

Introduction: In Australia, as is the case in many developed countries, mental health service planning has been fragmented between the different levels of government and also within different sectors of the health system. The development of the National Mental Health Service Planning Framework (NMHSPF) Planning Support Tool, a population planning model that produces resource estimates to guide mental health service planning, represents an opportunity to provide a nationally consistent approach to service planning and delivery. Description of policy context and objective: In 2015, the Australia Commonwealth Government established Primary Health Networks (PHNs) across the country to plan and commission local primary health services, including primary mental health services. PHNs have been working with relevant Local Health Networks, known in Queensland as Hospital and Health Services (HHSs), and other stakeholders to plan for mental health services that address local community needs. The Fifth National Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Plan* sets out eight priority areas. One of the priority areas is “achieving integrated regional planning and service delivery” of mental health services. Its Implementation Plan identifies the use of the NMHSPF to inform integrated regional planning and service delivery between HHSs and PHNs. Targeted population: The NMHSPF combines the best available evidence on the prevalence of mental illness and need for services, as well as the types and levels of care required for different target populations, and efficient standards of mental health service operation. Highlights: To realise integrated regional planning and service delivery, the Mental Health Alcohol and Other Drugs Branch, Department of Health, Queensland, is implementing projects and training to support HHSs to develop joint regional plans with their corresponding PHNs. This includes a pilot project, facilitated by the Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, to apply the NMHSPF to inform integrated mental health service planning in the Central Queensland, Wide Bay and the Sunshine Coast HHS catchments, with the corresponding PHN. This pilot project represents the initial trial of the NMHSPF’s application for service planning across sectors and in a mix of urban and rural settings, and will be duplicated across the state. Comments on transferability: Grounded in best available evidence, this process of developing joint service planning may be applied to other types of health services and other regions where service planning and delivery is fragmented between levels of government and/or service sectors. Conclusions: The findings of the pilot project has demonstrated the NMHSPF can be adapted to provide key information about regional needs, and be used to stimulate ideas for alternative service models to improve service delivery in rural areas. Gap analysis which measures available resources against predicted needs, as identified in the NMHSPF, highlights the need for accurate data on current service provision and delivery. Finally, the process of jointly applying the NMHSPF facilitates the development of partnerships, further strengthening regional integration and coordination. *Currently in draft form

My Plan: The evaluation of a person centred planning tool for people with traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury injury

Introduction (comprising context and problem statement): People’s experience of treatment and community supports relies on tools which support person-centred planning and the integration of care. We undertook an extensive evaluation of the uptake, stakeholder use and experience of an integrated person-centred planning toolkit (My Plan) 15 months following its implementation. Description of policy context and objective: The My Plan toolkit was designed in response to national and international developments in the disability sector. It includes a series of modules which start with a “getting to know you” period (Engage Phase) when a participant is approaching discharge from hospital. It encompasses an assessment and “getting to know you better” period (Assess Phase) which might last 3 to 4 months post discharge. This culminates in the development of a plan (Plan Phase) which articulates the participants own goals, but also identifies the contribution of family, rehabilitation team and personal assistant providers. Target population: My Plan was designed for use with participants of the Lifetime Care and Support Authority, NSW Australia (icare lifetime care) who sustained catastrophic injury through motor vehicle crashes in NSW, Australia. Highlights (innovation, impact and outcomes): The evaluation of My Plan involved quantitative, qualitative information, and the corroboration of information and data obtained through multiple semi-structured interviews, surveys of all stakeholders (participants, planning facilitators, staff), and file reviews of My Plan modules. Comments on sustainability: The evaluation of the integrated person-centred planning My Plan toolkit confirmed participants and families view planning and the My Plan approach positively and the planning facilitators and Lifetime care staff consider the toolkit of value and enables a flexible approach to planning for integrated care. My Plan has changed the focus of planning away from a therapy directed planning process to a person-centred approach to goal setting and supports. A total of 853 participants were supported and completed a My Plan completed and a total of 1,381 My Plans were received by icare lifetime care. Comments on transferability: My Plan is used with participants of all ages, injury types, locations, severities and duration post injury. Future work involves using My Plan with people catastrophically injured at work and others with chronic dust diseases such as mesothelioma through exposure at work. Conclusions (comprising key findings, discussion and lessons learned): The presentation outlines evaluation methods, key findings, trends and emerging implications for stakeholders (including participants, planning facilitators, providers and icare lifetime care). Best practice and holistic integrated care planning is illustrated through examples of plans.

Development of a safeguarding approach to enable people with traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury to self-manage their supports

Introduction: The Lifetime Care and Support Authority, NSW Australia (icare lifetime care) aims to enhance opportunities for people with spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury to have increased choice and control over the way their supports are delivered and managed. Description of policy context and objective: The objectives of this project were to: Develop a service model which provides opportunities for icare lifetime care participants to have increased choice and control over the management of their care and supports. To identify and manage risk to participants and to the scheme associated with icare lifetime care entering into direct funding agreements with an increased number of participants. Provide an approach for icare lifetime care to manage requests for direct funding by participants or their nominees, including planning for appropriate safe guarding strategies prior to approving direct funding agreements. Target population: icare lifetime care funds treatment, rehabilitation and care for people who have been catastrophically injured in a motor vehicle accident in NSW, Australia. Injuries sustained include severe traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, multiple limb amputations, burns and blindness. Highlights (innovation, impact and outcomes): The presentation will outline how icare lifetime care developed, and now applies, a safeguard planning approach to participant requests to manage their own supports through a direct funding arrangement. Participants may have cognitive and behavioural disability following their injury, or may have complex social histories. The safeguard planning approach considers individual participant risk and their skills to manage the tasks involved in self-management. Capacity building and other risk mitigation factors are considered as part of the plan. Comments on sustainability: The self-management service model became available for participants in late 2016. Growth is currently slow but steady. To date, 20 participants are self-managing their care, with an annual cost of $3.3mil. icare lifetime care is working with another 40 participants who are interested in moving to self-management. Comments on transferability: The presentation will explore opportunities which will support increased numbers of participants benefitting from self-management, including sharing participant stories, peer support and future online payment systems. The safeguarding approach has been successful in identifying participant risk, skills and strategies to develop capacity and to mitigate risk to participants and the scheme, enabling participants to achieve their goal of self-management. Conclusions (comprising key findings, discussion and lessons learned): icare lifetime care’s self-management service model is presented including the ways participants are currently using the service options within the model to meet their needs. The safeguarding approach will be discussed including the role of monitoring risk to ensure participants achieve successful outcomes. Case examples will be used to demonstrate the model and the application of the safeguarding approach.

Healthcare need alliances with other sectors: Korea's experience

Introduction : Due to various reasons, emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), varient Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease(v-CJD), and Avian Influenza(AI), are steadily increasing and threatening human health. In recent years, epidemiology, medicine and veterinary cooperation are needed for rapid disease control and treatment because of some EID is a zoonosis. Description of policy context and objective : In order for fast control of EIDs that may be lethal to those with chronic illnesses, it is necessary to identify the area (urban or rural), the infected person, close contact person and moving route. Information Technology (IT) can be leveraged to identify by linking data from multiple institutions. Target population : Korean population Highlights : Korea quickly controlled MERS-CoV by identifying, tracking, and isolating the infected person through various institutional information exchange using IT. The government exchanged data with the following agencies: - Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Korea (KCDC) for epidemiological investigations - Korea Immigration Service to identify inbound travelers from high risk regions - Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA): Health insurance medical records - Healthcare providers: Health insurance medical records Comments on transferability: In order to exchange information with other agencies in a timely manner, a basic infrastructure configuration is required. Conclusion : From May 20 to July 4 in 2015, 186 people were diagnosed MERS-CoV, of whom 38 died. Most of the mortalities were the elderly. A respiratory infectious disease with incubation period can spread quickly in daily life, so identifying infected persons or close-contacts is a priority for disease control. Information sharing can be very useful in controlling infectious diseases.

Analysis of Media Discourse on Art Forgery in Korea

미디어 담론(media discourse)은 행위자들의 행동과 결과에 영향을 미친다는 점에서 중요한 의의를 가진다. 특히, 네트워크 분석(network analysis)을 이용한 미디어 담론 분석은 다양한 분야에서 논쟁이 되고 있는 사회적인 이슈의 구조적 특성을 나타내기 위해 사용되어 왔다. 하지만, 문화예술연구에서 네트워크 분석(network analysis)은 비교적 새로운 분석 방법으로, 최근 들어 문화예술분야의 연구 동향을 나타내기 위한 분석 방법으로 사용되고 있다. 본 논문은 네트워크 분석(network analysis)을 통해 미디어 담론(media discourse)의 지형을 나타내기 위한 사례로서, 한국 미술계의 위작(僞作), 대작(代作)사건과 관련된 미디어 담론(meida discourse)을 ‘프레임(frame)’을 중심으로 분석한다. 구체적으로는 한국 미술계의 위작(僞作), 대작(代作)논란을 다룬 사설·칼럼 83개를 대상으로 11개의 프레임(frame)을 부여하고, 11개의 프레임(frame)들을 대상으로 네트워크 분석(network analysis) – 1)11개 프레임(frame)간의 관계를 파악하기 위한 중심성(degree centrality, igenvector centrality), 등위성 분석(cluster) 2) 미디어 매체(media)의 이데올로기적 성향(ideological tendency)별로 11개 프레임(frame)에 대한 연결 중심성 분석(degree centrality analysis) –을 실시하였다. 이를 통해 미디어 매체(media)가 미술계의 위작(僞作), 대작(代作)에 대해 전체적으로 각 사건들에 대한 사실·갈등 양상을 나열하거나, 각 사건의 행위 주체의 책임을 묻는 등의 프레임(frame)을 중점으로 담론(discourse)을 형성하였음을 알 수 있었다. 이와 더불어 미디어 매체(media)의 이데올로기적 성향(ideological tendency)에 따라 한국 미술계의 위작(僞作), 대작(代作)논란을 바라보는 시각에 차이가 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같은 분석결과를 통해, 본 연구는 문화예술분야에서 비교적 새로운 분석 방법인 프레임 분석(frame analysis)을 통해 국내 미술계의 위작(僞作)·대작(代作)논란에 대한 미디어 담론(media discourse)을 파악하고, 이를 네트워크 지도(network map)를 통해 시각화하였다는 시사점을 가진다. 또한, 11개의 프레임(frame)을 대상으로 실시한 네트워크 분석(network analysis)을 통해 미술품 위작(僞作)·대작(代作)을 둘러싼 미술계 외부와 내부의 견해차를 확인함으로써, 향후 정부 부처가 이와 관련한 정책을 도출하는 과정에서 본 논문이 실증적 자료를 제공하는 것에 그 의의가 있다.Prior research suggests that media discourse affects the behavior and outcomes of relevant actors. In particular, media discourse analysis using text network analysis has been increasingly used to capture the structural properties of contentious social issues across various fields. The use of this method, however, has not been very active among researchers of arts and culture. In this paper, we present an analysis of media discourse related to art forgery in the Korean visual art sector as a test case to depict the topography of media discourse through text network analysis. We focus on three major art forgery scandals (e.g., Lee Woo Hwan, Chun Kyung ja, Jo Young Nam) and identify 8 major frames (conflict, blame attribution, context description, sensation, government intervention / institutional measures, market economy, power, morality) used in 83 opinion columns in the Korean daily newspapers as well as arts magazines about those instances from 1991 to 2017. We examine how theses frames that reflect the perspectives on art forgery are connected to one another so as to better make sense of how media discourses about art forgery in the Korean visual art sector are constituted.

Multimethodology applied to the evaluation of Healthcare in Brazilian municipalities.

The integration of quantitative indicators with qualitative descriptions of context is a noticeable demand from many different scientific disciplines, since it contributes to linking theoretical and practical approaches to problem solving. Amongst them are the problem structuring methods, systems thinking and multimethodology. This work presents a mixed quantitative and qualitative methodological approach to aid formulation and structuring of performance measurement of health care in 5565 Brazilian municipalities. Data mining and data envelopment analysis (DEA) are applied in the context of conceptual mapping, thus shedding light on both quantitative and qualitative factors that influence health performance. Our aim is to propose a methodology for performance indicators to support health care policy making in Brazil, using quantitative indicators. However, the approach does not lose track of the role of important qualitative factors in the attribution of meaning to performance assessments. The methodological and analytical results can strengthen mutual understanding by analysts and stakeholders of the problem at hand. Quantitative results allow inefficient municipalities to understand the causes of their overall efficiency in terms of particular low partial DEA efficiencies combined with high deathrates.

A decade of dynamics of residential location, car ownership, activity, travel and land use in the Seattle metropolitan region

Using data of attitudes in the Puget Sound region we first identify predispositions in favor of car use (car loving persons and households) and distinguish them from other predispositions favoring other modes (transit and carsharing lovers). Then we explore if like-minded people (homophily) live together and examine heterogeneity within their households. To do this we analyze attitudinal data using multilevel latent class clustering that allows identification of groups of persons and groups of households jointly. Our analysis identifies distinct groups of people with different attitudes towards modes and we do not find strong homophily in attitudes within households. The distinction of attitudes among persons transfers well to the household level giving us the opportunity to identify and test differences among the different attitudinal groups using longitudinal records. We then move to a longitudinal analysis using a small sample of households that participated in more than ten years of the Puget Sound panel survey to explore the sequence of their residential location characteristics, car ownership, and travel. We find in descriptive statistics and in a second application of multilevel cluster models that carpool and transit loyalty persists over time by a portion of car pool and transit lovers. We also find sustained use of cars by car loving households, sustained car use of a neutral in attitudes group, a group of younger households with positive attitudes towards carsharing and sustained car sharing over time, and a possibly disenfranchised older household group lacking access to opportunities. The inclusion in the analysis of the two residential location characteristics (evolution of density and diversity around the household residence) enabled a more complete analysis and a clearer description of household context for both attitudes and behavior.

The Effect of Audio-Visual Media on The Students’ Participation in English Classroom

Educational technology has been widely spread to take part in the technology-based classroom. The article aims at investigating the effect of audio-visual media on the students’ participation in English classroom. The method used in this research is a case study. The data are collected through observation and interview. The data analysis shows that the students’ participation is in these three stages: pre-display, whilst-display and post-display in which the forms of participation are confirming teacher’s instruction, commenting to the video, having small discussion, asking questions and confirming the answer. Audio-visual media yield the stimuli to the students to gain the new knowledge and information beyond what is served to them. It influences the students to purposely participate in the classroom activities because they need to do so. Audio-visual media which give them the real description of particular context require them to perceive the gist using their sense of sound and sight.

ВЫДЕЛЕНИЕ ПАРЕМИЙ С ЛЕКСЕМОЙ «КАМЕНЬ» В ТЕКСТАХ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО КОРПУСА РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА

The article provides a contextual analysis and description of paroemias with the lexeme “stone” identified in the Russian National Corpus. The research material includes written texts of the XIX - the beginning of the XXI century which characterize the Russian paroemiological fund, represent the process of transformation of the traditional paroemia forms and discover native speakers’ thesaurus. The paper presents and considers the functioning of relevant paroemias with the lexeme “stone” in the Corpus contexts.

Elusive implementation: an ethnographic study of intersectoral policymaking for health

BackgroundFor more than 30 years policy action across sectors has been celebrated as a necessary and viable way to affect the social factors impacting on health. In particular intersectoral action on the social determinants of health is considered necessary to address social inequalities in health. However, despite growing support for intersectoral policymaking, implementation remains a challenge. Critics argue that public health has remained naïve about the policy process and a better understanding is needed. Based on ethnographic data, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of a local process of intersectoral policymaking in order to gain a better understanding of the challenges posed by implementation. To help conceptualize the process, we apply the theoretical perspective of organizational neo-institutionalism, in particular the concepts of rationalized myth and decoupling.MethodsOn the basis of an explorative study among ten Danish municipalities, we conducted an ethnographic study of the development of a municipal-wide implementation strategy for the intersectoral health policy of a medium-sized municipality. The main data sources consist of ethnographic field notes from participant observation and interview transcripts.ResultsBy providing detailed contextual description, we show how an apparent failure to move from policy to action is played out by the ongoing production of abstract rhetoric and vague plans. We find that idealization of universal intersectoralism, inconsistent demands, and doubts about economic outcomes challenge the notion of implementation as moving from rhetoric to action.ConclusionWe argue that the ‘myth’ of intersectoralism may be instrumental in avoiding the specification of action to implement the policy, and that the policy instead serves as a way to display and support good intentions and hereby continue the process. On this basis we expand the discussion on implementation challenges regarding intersectoral policymaking for health.

Exploring drivers and challenges in implementation of health promotion in community mental health services: a qualitative multi-site case study using Normalization Process Theory

BackgroundThere is an increased interest in improving the physical health of people with mental illness. Little is known about implementing health promotion interventions in adult mental health organisations where many users also have physical health problems. The literature suggests that contextual factors are important for implementation in community settings. This study focused on the change process and analysed the implementation of a structural health promotion intervention in community mental health organisations in different contexts in Denmark.MethodsThe study was based on a qualitative multiple-case design and included two municipal and two regional provider organisations. Data were various written sources and 13 semi-structured interviews with 22 key managers and frontline staff. The analysis was organised around the four main constructs of Normalization Process Theory: Coherence, Cognitive Participation, Collective Action, and Reflexive Monitoring.ResultsCoherence: Most respondents found the intervention to be meaningful in that the intervention fitted well into existing goals, practices and treatment approaches. Cognitive Participation: Management engagement varied across providers and low engagement impeded implementation. Engaging all staff was a general problem although some of the initial resistance was apparently overcome. Collective Action: Daily enactment depended on staff being attentive and flexible enough to manage the complex needs and varying capacities of users. Reflexive Monitoring: During implementation, staff evaluations of the progress and impact of the intervention were mostly informal and ad hoc and staff used these to make on-going adjustments to activities. Overall, characteristics of context common to all providers (work force and user groups) seemed to be more important for implementation than differences in the external political-administrative context.ConclusionsIn terms of research, future studies should adopt a more bottom-up, grounded description of context and pay closer attention to the interplay between different dimensions of implementation. In terms of practice, future interventions need to better facilitate the translation of the initial sense of general meaning into daily practice by active local management support that occurs throughout the implementation process and that systematically connects the intervention to existing practices.

Positioning children with special educational needs in early childhood education and care documents

The article critically discusses the practice of describing children’s special educational needs (SEN) in early childhood education and care (ECEC) pedagogical documents. Documentation is understood as a form of governance. In current practice, documentation is extensively used in educational institutions. Even when the focus of documentation should be pedagogical, the descriptions of children’s SEN commonly describe a child’s individual deficits as a source of educational problems. In this study, we used discourse analysis to investigate how professionals position children and construct their SEN in pedagogical documents. The research data consisted of 143 documents on 29 Finnish children. Three ways of positioning children with SEN were identified in the documents: as a problematic child through definitive descriptions, as a multifaceted child through contextual descriptions, and as a learning child through dynamic descriptions. The results highlight the importance of a pedagogical focus and dynamic conceptualisation of SEN in ECEC documentation.

Al-zarnuji’s thought of Education and its Implementation at pesantren

The study aims to find out al-Zarnuji’s basic concept of knowledge, learning material, ethic, strategy, process and his contribution as well as to explain conceptual model on the basis of his thought at the institutions. In Pesantren Kebon Jambu al-Islami, Buntet and Bendakerep Cirebon, the Kitab Ta’līm al-Muta’allim is used as main reference of learning ethic. The study used qualitative research method. Source and kind of data were determined by the researcher as information center with purposive trait as long as it is supposedly representative. The result indicates that the implementation of the book Ta’līm al-Muta’allim at those pesantren s was less satisfactory due to textual understanding. In order to effectively implement the book Ta’līm al-Muta’allim at those institutions, the contextual description is required.

Margin to mainstream, periphery to center

Once one of the most remote and forgotten regions in the world, the rugged upland of Myanmar, between China and India, is moving from periphery to center. Both resource rich and strategically critical, this mountainous area bordering five countries plays a role of heightened geopolitical significance with the opening up of Myanmar, the rise of China, and India’s attempt to ‘Act East.’ As a way to explore the Silk Road Ethos, by decolonizing the global order and understanding local contexts (Ling and Perrigoue, 2018), this article focuses on the upland region of Myanmar where the southern land routes of the old Silk Roads pass. The relatively unknown routes are now being revived, as the China-led ‘One Belt, One Road’ (OBOR) strategy gains momentum. Building on classic descriptions of the anthropological context for the region’s resistance against and accommodation with the economic and political claims of the continental states whose ‘roads’ traverse it, the article will explore new ways to think about the upland as it undergoes a transformation that places it at the heart of the rise of a new Asia.

Проблема концептуализации контекста в современной психологии

Modern psychology is characterised by its interest to a topic of context, based on a growing influence of changing reality’s factors. In connection with this, the actual task is a conceptualisation of a context as a differentiation of basic units of its description. Modern psychology proceeds from multidimensionality of human existence world. The article describes situational, vital and existential contexts presented in different fields of psychology. The situational context has the oldest traditions of its description in psychology, related to search of explanatory models of relations between situational and personal determinants in human behaviour. In the situational level studies, a reality is reduced to a specific situation, a concept of situation is a basic one, describing an interaction of a person with an outside world. Descriptions of life context in psychology are represented by two areas — descriptions of a world of person’s everyday life and his/her way of life; respectively the concepts of social situation and life space of person are proposed to be considered as the units of analysis. The existential context being irreducible in Russian psychology to person’s life way and his/her everyday life, is a subject of attention in psychology of human existence and existential psychology. The concept of life-world can be a unit of existential level description.

Контекстные условия функционирования лексем сопоставительной семантики

The article is devoted to the analysis of the compatibility of lexemes of comparative semantics sopostavleniye ‘comparison’ and v sopostavlenii s ‘in comparison with’. The question about ways of representation of components of comparative meaning in superficial syntactic structure is considered. The relevance of the study is due to the modern approach to grammar through the prism of semantics. The paper shows the possible ways to verbalize objects of comparison within the construction in a simple sentence. The main attention is paid to the description of typical contexts of the studied lexemes. The novelty of the research lies in the results obtained. The study found out that these tokens are characterized by two types of context: mental and evaluative, which reflects the procedure of comparison as a mental act. Attention is drawn to the fact that the matching parameter is verbalized in the evaluative context type. The semantic classification of mental predicates forming typical contexts of lexemes of comparative semantics is proposed. A comparative analysis is made of typical contexts of the lexeme sopostavleniye and noun relative v sopostavlenii s . The difference is shown both in the types of mental predicates that are specific to each of the tokens and in the types of contexts. It is established that another type of context is typical for the noun relative - existential context. As a result, it is concluded that the difference in typical contexts confirms the fact of started separation of the word form v sopostavlenii s from the paradigm of noun sopostavleniye .

Object-Oriented Context Description for Movie Based Context-Aware Language Learning

Context-aware ubiquitous learning is a promising way to learn languages; however, it requires developers and operators of much effort to construct, deploy, and use the specialized system. As its alternative, this paper proposes movie based context-aware language learning (MBCALL) that enables learners to learn languages through quizzes generated along virtual contexts occurring in the movie to be replayed. Since full automatic context capturing from the movie is impossible, the authors define an object-oriented context model (OOCM) and also a textual context description language subject to the OOCM to describe the movie context easily by human work. The OOCM introduces the case grammar concept of natural language processing. This enables quiz generation based on types of the words for objects, actions, and modes found in the movie. Evaluation with a small movie by three subjects shows that the OOCM can guide them to enrich information included in the movie context; therefore, we can generate more types of quizzes based on the movie context.

Studying the workforce in the professional qualification context: the US experience

The article examines the American experience of studying the workforce in the professional context. Statistical analysis of employment by occupation will reveal both trends in change in typical tasks of individual workplaces and objective knowledge, skills and competencies of workers in different sectors of the economy and the risks of their inconsistency with formal qualifications.
 The results of statistical analysis of employment by occupation can be used to elaborate and adjust strategies for the development of the economy of the state or its individual sectors (for the development of the economy at federal, state and industry level), educational institutions, to choose a future profession, to determine career development tools, and to choose the business location
 Comparative analysis of the contents of the normative documents on the classification of professions of the United States and Ukraine showed the need to develop a new version of the normative document for the classification of occupations in the professional context on the basis of the existing Classifier of professions and the Directory of Qualification Characteristics.
 The results of the statistical study of the workforce in terms of professions are displayed on the official BLS. However, more interesting and useful for a common user is a specially created OnLine 0*NET service. On request for the chosen profession, the complete information (“summary”) is provided: the title and the code of the profession, the nomenclature of professional tasks, the sample of reported job titles, the nomenclature of typical tasks of the activity, the necessary knowledge, professional skills, technology skills, abilities; work activities; the description of the work context, the required level of education; educational institutions and certification centers where you can get training or further training in the chosen profession; necessary personal qualities; related occupations; wages & employment trends (for each State and each type of industries); job openings on the web. There is no similar service in Ukraine.
 In order to create an effective system for studying the workforce in Ukraine professionally and to use convenient services for the results obtained, the efforts of scientists, practitioners and IT specialists need to be combined.

Causa em aquisição da escrita: processos juntivos

Neste trabalho, analisamos aspectos do sistema de causalidade, com base em uma amostra longitudinal de textos produzidos por sujeitos em aquisicao da escrita. Partimos da descricao dos contextos de juncao com sentido de causalidade de acordo com padroes taticos, semanticos e pragmaticos. Em seguida, a luz dos resultados descritivos, propomos uma analise da causalidade na aquisicao da escrita.
 
 
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 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/cadletrasuff.2017n55a502

Diagnoza kontekstu komunikacyjnego w przedsiębiorstwach

Organizational culture is an important aspect of organizations. It is a set of cultural values that reflect these aspects and relationships between them. One of these aspects is communication in an organization that includes verbal and nonverbal behaviors. The cultural value describing the organization’s relationship in communication is the communication context. Contextuality level is not only a determinant of the way of communication, it is also the basis of all other behaviors. Hence, diagnosis and description of the communication context of companies constitutes an interesting research problem. The main objective of the paper is to present the results of research on the communication context describing the surveyed companies. 52 Polish companies and 951 respondents participated in the study. The diagnosis was based on a survey. The survey questionnaire contained questions regarding manifestations of cultural values which include the communication context. Research results indicate that the organizational culture of the surveyed companies is characterized by low contextuality. Dominating verbal codes in communication have translated into active, individual, impersonal, task-oriented behaviors of employees.