Description Of Operation Research Articles

On the hyperbolic group and subordinated integrals as operators on sequence Banach spaces

AbstractWe show that the composition hyperbolic group in the unit disc, once transferred to act on sequence spaces, is bounded on $$\ell^p$$ ℓ p if and only if $${p=2}$$ p = 2 . We introduce some integral operators subordinated to that group which are natural generalizations of classical operators on sequences. For the description of such operators, we use some combinatorial identities which look interesting in their own.

Operational description of rare diseases: a reference to improve the recognition and visibility of rare diseases

Improving health and social equity for persons living with a rare disease (PLWRD) is increasingly recognized as a global policy priority. However, there is currently no international alignment on how to define and describe rare diseases. A global reference is needed to establish a mutual understanding to inform a wide range of stakeholders for actions. A multi-stakeholder, global panel of rare disease experts, came together and developed an Operational Description of Rare Diseases. This reference describes which diseases are considered rare, how many persons are affected and why the rare disease population demands specific attention. The operational description of rare diseases is framed in two parts: a core definition of rare diseases, complemented by a descriptive framework of rare diseases. The core definition includes parameters that permit the identification of which diseases are considered rare, and how many persons are affected. The descriptive framework elaborates on the impact and burden of rare diseases on patients, their caregivers and families, healthcare systems, and society overall. The Operational Description of Rare Diseases establishes a common point of reference for decision-makers across the world who strive to understand and address the unmet needs of persons living with a rare disease. Adoption of this reference is essential to improving the visibility of rare conditions in health systems across the world. Greater recognition of the burden of rare diseases will motivate new actions and policies to address the unmet needs of the rare disease community.

Implementasi Standar Operasional Prosedur Telepon Operator di Sheraton Hotel Bandung

This research aims to analyze the implementation of standard operational procedures and analyze the obstacles or challenges of telephone operators at the Sheraton Bandung Hotel & Towers. This study uses a qualitative method. By collecting data through observation, interviews, document analysis and field notes, with a focus on the interactions and functions of telephone operators in hotels. Data analysis uses narrative analysis to produce in-depth descriptions of telephone operators' experiences and interaction patterns. The data reduction process simplifies and filters information to find the most relevant and significant findings. Interpretation of findings is carried out by connecting them with relevant theory or literature, and the results of the analysis are explained in detail in the research report. The results of this research indicate that the implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for telephone operators at the Sheraton Bandung has been carried out successfully, which has had a positive impact on service performance and customer satisfaction. However, despite this, several areas were identified that needed to be improved to achieve a better level of consistency. The challenges and obstacles faced, both technical and non-technical, need to be resolved in order to increase overall service effectiveness.

AUTOMATION OF FORKLIFT TRUCK SLEWING MECHANISM

This article considers the problem of warehouse automation, offers its solutions based on the analysis of existing approaches and techniques in the field of unmanned material handling machines. The structural scheme of forklift truck and turning mechanism, which becomes the basis for modernization of the machine, is described in detail. The description of the mechanism operation and the way of its control is given, and also the hydraulic scheme of the machine units control is displayed taking into account the improvement of the forklift design, the principle of the mechanism operation and the hydraulic scheme is described, the comparative analysis of the chosen way of warehouse automation in relation to other existing ones is formulated, the conclusions about the corresponding changes in the forklift design are presented in the conclusion, the image of the operator's console of the automated forklift is given.

МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ НАРУШИТЕЛЯ, ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ И АТАК В СИСТЕМАХ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ

Formal models of subjects, infrastructure and attacks for information security systems are proposed. The models include descriptions of information security operators, administrators, users and violators, taking into account their knowledge, qualifications and initial conditions. A comprehensive intruder model is presented, including initial knowledge and access rights, initial location, qualifications and goals. Infrastructure models, vulnerabilities, and information collection methods are also considered, which makes it possible to more accurately predict the behavior of violators and develop effective protection strategies. The results of the study show that the proposed models significantly improve the accuracy of risk assessment and security planning, which is especially important for mission-critical information systems. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using models to develop and improve information network security systems. The results of the practical implementation of the model on real data are also presented.

Онтологічний підхід в системі забезпечення безпеки використання IP-телефонії

In today's information world, the use of VoIP has become an attractive option for user communication. With the downward trend in paying for basic broadband services and the rapid increase in internet speeds, the use of VoIP should only continue to grow in popularity. However, as the use of VoIP increases, so do the potential threats to ordinary users. This article examines the peculiarities of organizing corporate VoIP telephony systems, highlights the main problems in information protection systems in VoIP telephony, and outlines ways to solve them. The development of methods for speech analysis and corresponding processing of natural language, which allows for creating more accurate and effective systems for detecting anomalous traffic and potentially dangerous communications, is especially relevant. With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technologies, the direction of using intelligent means for content analysis in the VoIP system is becoming interesting. A method for detecting anomalies in IP-telephony traffic, based on grouping VoIP messages through context-frequency analysis, is proposed. Additionally, a method for automated filling of the ontology of thematic messages in corporate IP-telephony systems is proposed, based on the formalized presentation of messages using tree-like structures and the description of interaction operations through tuple algebra. Furthermore, a software implementation for converting voice messages into text representations using the SpeechRecognition library for voice-to-text conversion in the Python programming language was created. Experimental studies of the proposed approaches were conducted, and a software subsystem for detecting anomalous messages based on the ontological approach was implemented in the current corporate IP-telephony system.

Rural palliative care in cancer: Using telemedicine to bridge the gap.

e13807 Background: Despite the rapid growth in palliative care (PC) services, many rural regions remain without access to specialty palliative care. Community-based telemedicine may offer solutions to underserved populations from rural areas within the United States. Methods: This is a retrospective review of the creation of 2 separate rural clinics attached to the VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center at CMH in South Hill, VA in 2018 (with interruption related to the Covid-19 pandemic) and in Tappahannock, VA in 2021. In addition to operational descriptions a chart review was conducted of all encounters for these clinics. Care provided was coordinated by the University PC service and the oncology clinics, including nurses and oncologists. Regulatory, legal, Information Technology (IT), and systems logistics were developed in partnership for 6-9 months prior to each pilot. There were over 100 encounters from the two periods of care for CMH (2018 until paused for pandemic towards the end of 2020; and March of 2021 to current) and greater than 50 at Tappahannock. All visits were conducted in the rural oncology clinics with assistance of oncology nursing during the encounter. Results: The average patient age was 57, and over 90% had solid tumors. On average, patients had 1-2 telemedicine visits. The most common reason for referral was symptom management, predominantly pain. Edmonton Symptom Assessment scales were collected at all visits by oncology nursing. Physical exams were completed with electronic stethoscopes and supported by oncology nursing. Medications were prescribed to rural pharmacies electronically directly by the PC physician; for the periods of clinic over the course of the Covid-19 public health emergency this included prescriptions for controlled substances (almost exclusively long and short acting opioids). For patients requiring advance care planning documents were completed electronically or by trained interdisciplinary team members in clinic in partnership with the PC physician. Technological issues occurred rarely (less than 1% of visits) and resolved without IT involvement. Conclusions: Our pilot program integrated specialist palliative care into two rural oncology clinics providing supportive care, including symptom management and goals of care discussions. Further research should define optimal integration of PC telemedicine into rural oncology.

School counselors as agents of peace in the school: a systematic literature review

Adolescence is a critical phase that can raise a problem, one of which is violence. This condition harms the dynamics of academic activities at school if they do not immediately find a solution. One party that has a central role in character development to suppress student violence is school counselors. This research is a systematic literature review that describes the counselor’s role as an agent of peace whose primary focus is to build a culture of peace in the school environment. The results showed that counselors used two pillars of service to create a culture of peace in schools, namely peace guidance and peace counseling. This paper discusses operational descriptions for each of the posts to build a culture of peace in the school environment. This results should serve as a reference for school counselors in supporting their programs to reduce violence in schools. Besides, this study also recommends conducting further research to create a guidance and counseling program to reduce violence among adolescents in schools.

Tracing State Structure for Ecological Processes in Soil Including Greenhouse Gas Exchange with Lower Atmosphere.

Exploring data aids in the comprehension of the dataset and the system's essence. Various approaches exist for managing numerous sensors. This study perceives operational states to clarify the physical dynamics within a soil environment. Utilizing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) enables dimensionality reduction, offering an alternative perspective on the spring soil dataset. The K-means algorithm clusters data densities, forming the groundwork for an operational state description. Soil data, integral to an ecosystem, entails evident attributes. Employing dynamic visualization, including animations, constitutes a vital exploration angle. Greenhouse gas variables have been added to PCA to achieve more understanding in the interconnection of gas exchange and soil properties. Pit data and flux data are analysed both separately and together using a data-driven approach. The results look promising, showing the potential to add new values and more detailed state structures to ecological models. All experiments are conducted within the Jupyter programming environment, utilizing Python 3. The relevant literature on data visualization is examined. Through combined techniques and tools, the potential features of the soil ecosystem are observed and identified.

Development of a high precision electrostatic force balance for measuring quantity of dispensed fluid as a new calibration standard for the becquerel

The 2019 redefinition of the kilogram not only changes the way mass is defined but also broadens the horizon for a direct realization of other standards. The true becquerel project at the national institute of standards and technology is creating a new paradigm for realization and dissemination of radionuclide activity. Standard reference materials for radioactivity are supplied as aqueous solutions of specific radionuclides which are characterized by massic activity in the units becquerel per gram of solution, Bq/g. The new method requires measuring the mass of a few milligrams of dispensed radionuclide liquid solution. An electrostatic force balance is used, due to its suitability for a milligram mass range. The goal is to measure the mass of dispensed fluid of 1 mg–5 mg with a relative uncertainty of less than 0.05%. A description of the balance operation is presented. Results of preliminary measurements with a reference mass indicate relative standard deviations less than 0.5% for tens of tests and differ 0.54% or less from an independent measurement of the reference mass.

Nice operators and nice spaces

In this paper we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for an operator on a uniform algebra to be nice. We characterize nice operators on an expansive class of Banach spaces. Then as examples, we give a complete description of nice operators on the space of differentiable functions on compact perfect plane sets, Bloch and Zygmund spaces and the space of Lipschitz functions on intervals. We also prove that every surjective nice operators are isometries on some of these Banach spaces.

An Exploration of Sensor-Based Target Localization for Automated Driving

With the continuous advancement of artificial intelligence and meas-urement technology, autonomous driving technology has emerged as a significant challenge for human research. Autonomous driving, as a crucial aspect facilitating convenience in human life, demands substan-tial technological advancements. Target localization stands as a pivotal element in the perception layer of autonomous driving technology. This paper provides a detailed overview of fundamental techniques and sce-narios associated with target localization in autonomous driving. It co-vers aspects such as ultrasonic sensors, visual sensors, LIDAR, and comprehensively summarizes research and applications in autonomous driving technology. Specifically, the author emphasizes the application of sensors in reverse radar systems. Furthermore, the author provides a detailed description of the basic operations of a reverse radar through simulation and emulation using Keil and Proteus software. The author conducted extensive data collection and analysis during the simulation experiments, validating that the simulated circuit can achieve the prima-ry functions of a reverse radar. Finally, the author offers an analysis and outlook on future research in the field of autonomous driving.

Procedure for calculation and analysis of transcritical cycle CO<sub>2</sub> with parallel compression and ejector

Attempts to reduce the negative impact on the environment have led, among other things, to the use of so-called natural refrigerants. One of which is SO2.
 At food processing enterprises, this refrigerant is used in two main cycles - cascade and transcritical.
 Along with the negative impact on the environment, it is also necessary to take into account the increase in the efficiency of refrigeration plants, which is especially important for transcritical cycles.
 The purpose of the study was to develop a method for calculating and analyzing the transcritical cycle of SO2 with parallel compression and an ejector.
 The calculation of the transcritical cycle is based on the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, the analysis method is based on the entropy-statistical method of thermodynamic analysis. Cycle calculation includes analysis of compression loss by system components.
 Description of operation of transcritical cycle of SO2 with parallel compression and ejector with two temperature levels is given, procedure of calculation and analysis of losses in elements of refrigerating unit operating according to transcritical cycle of SO2 with parallel compression and ejector is given.
 The use of this method allows you to identify the elements and processes with the greatest losses and take further measures to improve the efficiency of the refrigeration system.

Evaluation of breeding cost in the French maritime pine breeding program and perspectives for alternative strategies using molecular markers

The economic efficiency of conventional breeding strategies for forest trees based on biparental crosses is compared with that of alternative strategies based on pedigree reconstruction using molecular markers. Analyses of economic efficiency is based on comparisons of breeding scenarios corresponding to the same total investment. The first step is the description and cost evaluation of each basic operation, from crossing to genetic selection and clonal archive establishment. Breeding scenarios are then compared by stochastic sampling with a parametric genetic model (POPSIM), the comparison criteria in this case being genetic gain in the seed orchard for a given level of genetic diversity. Additionally, the economic gain resulting from the use of improved material is estimated for different levels of breeding investment. Our analysis shows that genotyping costs account for a much smaller proportion of total investment than phenotyping costs. We also show that, in comparisons of breeding scenarios corresponding to the same total investment, the three main breeding strategies (biparental crosses, polymix crosses, and open pollination) achieve similar genetic gains provided that sufficiently large numbers of parents are considered. These results open up promising perspectives for the wider integration of molecular markers into forest tree breeding strategies.

Rome-Celsus (ca 25BC to ca. 50AD).

Celsus gave an adequate description of the bones and sutures of the calvarium. His classification of injuries was simple including fissures and depressions. He is the first to relate specific symptoms to specific tissue injury. In addition, he was aware that fractures could be present in the absence of typical findings. He was also the first to note the meningeal vessels could rupture producing severe localized pain. His treatment was more conservative than that of Hippocrates. Plasters were to be used and if there was no deterioration trepanation was avoided. He described the use of the crown trepan (modiolus) and the instrument with a smaller tip which expands rapidly to prevent penetration. He also described the technique of rotating the trepan between the palms. His description of operations for depressed fractures were unusually clear and relevant even by modern standards. His wound care is strikingly different from that of Hippocrates as he advocates various dressings soaked in vinegar and as time passes plasters should be softened with rose oil. Regrettably, Celsus influence would not be felt until the time of the Renaissance, because his texts were lost. However, his "De Medicina" was rediscovered and became the first medical text to be published using the new moveable type printing press, in the year 1478. Thus, his influence was minimal in the Arabic world and the early Renaissance. Thereafter it was profound.

Holography and correlation functions of huge operators: spacetime bananas

We initiate the study of holographic correlators for operators whose dimension scales with the central charge of the CFT. Differently from light correlators or probes, the insertion of any such maximally heavy operator changes the AdS metric, so that the correlator itself is dual to a backreacted geometry with marked points at the Poincaré boundary. We illustrate this new physics for two-point functions. Whereas the bulk description of light or probe operators involves Witten diagrams or extremal surfaces in an AdS background, the maximally heavy two-point functions are described by nontrivial new geometries which we refer to as “spacetime bananas”. As a universal example, we discuss the two-point function of maximally heavy scalar operators described by the Schwarzschild black hole in the bulk and we show that its onshell action reproduces the expected CFT result. This computation is nonstandard, and adding boundary terms to the action on the stretched horizon is crucial. Then, we verify the conformal Ward Identity from the holographic stress tensor and discuss important aspects of the Fefferman-Graham patch. Finally we study a Heavy-Heavy-Light-Light correlator by using geodesics propagating in the banana background. Our main motivation here is to set up the formalism to explore possible universal results for three- and higher-point functions of maximally heavy operators.

Profitability of insect production for T. molitor farms in The Netherlands

Abstract Insects are increasingly considered as a relevant alternative protein source in the transition to a more circular economy and more sustainable food production. Understanding the profitability of insect farms is crucial for starting entrepreneurs, established rearers, and third parties. In this study we analysed the revenues and expenses of seven T. molitor farms in the Netherlands, representing approximately a quarter of the total sector. We calculated their gross margin and net present value. Revenues came from the sales of fresh larvae and insect frass, and from extension services. Expenses included investments, and non-allocated and variable expenses. Results cover technical and economic results, and a qualitative description of farm operations. The gross margins and net present values ranged from −180 to 2,030 and from −12,359 to 15,535 EUR/tonne fresh larvae production, respectively. The main determinants of T. molitor farms’ profitability included the sales price of larvae, and its labour and substrate expenses. Our estimates can be used by decision making of farmers, credit providers, and policy makers to support the growth of this still very small, but emerging sector.

Analysis of a Multi-Server Queue with Group Service and Service Time Dependent on the Size of a Group as a Model of a Delivery System

In this paper, we consider a multi-server queue with a finite buffer. Request arrivals are defined by the Markov arrival process. Service is provided to groups of requests. The minimal and maximal group sizes are fixed. The service time of a group has a phase-type distribution with an irreducible representation depending on the size of the group. The requests are impatient. The patience time for an arbitrary request has an exponential distribution. After this time expires, the request is lost if all servers are busy or, if some server is idle, with a certain probability, all requests staying in the buffer start their service even if their number is below the required minimum. The behavior of the system is described by a multi-dimensional continuous-time Markov chain that does not belong to the class of level-independent quasi-birth-and-death processes. The algorithm for the computation of the stationary distribution of this chain is presented, and expressions for the computation of the queuing system’s performance characteristics are derived. The description of a delivery system operation in terms of the analyzed queuing model is given, and the problem of the optimization of its operation is numerically solved. Multi-server queues with a phase-type distribution for the group service time that are dependent on the size of the group, the account of request impatience, and the correlated arrival process have not previously been analyzed in the existing literature. However, they represent a precise model of many real-world objects, including delivery systems.

Orthopaedic surgeons’ ability to detect pathologic hip fractures: review of 1484 fractures reported to the Norwegian Hip Fracture Register

BackgroundThe proximal femur is the most common location of metastases in the appendicular skeleton. Data on pathologic hip fractures, however, are sparse despite it is the most frequently operated pathologic fracture. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of orthopaedic surgeons to identify pathologic hip fractures in an acute setting and secondly to validate the underlying cause of the pathologic fractures reported to Norwegian Hip Fracture Register (NHFR).MethodsIn the NHFR dataset between 2005 and 2019, we identified 1484 fractures reported to be pathologic possibly secondary to a malignancy. These fractures were thoroughly validated by reviewing X-rays, the patient journal, the operation description for date, side, why there had been suspicion of pathologic fracture, and implant choice. Pathology reports were reviewed once a biopsy had been performed. Based on this validation, information in the NHFR was corrected, whenever necessary.ResultsOf the 1484 fractures possible secondary to malignancy, 485 (32.7%) were not a pathologic fracture. When reviewing the 999 validated pathologic fractures, 15 patients had a pathologic fracture secondary to a benign lesion. The remaining 984 patients had a pathologic fracture secondary to malignancy. The underlying diagnosis reported was corrected in 442 of the 999 patients. The true rate of pathologic hip fractures secondary to malignancy in our material was 0.8%, and most patients had underlying prostate (30%), breast (20%), or lung (17%) cancer.ConclusionOrthopaedic surgeons in Norway failed to report correct data on pathologic fractures and the corresponding cancer diagnosis in an acute setting in many patients. The corrected data on pathologic fractures in the NHFR from 2005 to 2019 can now be a valid resource for further studies on the subject.

Elective Hand Surgery and Antithrombotic Use in Veterans.

Patients undergoing plastic surgery have traditionally been instructed to avoid anticoagulants and antiplatelets during the perioperative period to avoid bleeding that could lead to painful hematomas, skin necrosis, unplanned procedures, and blood transfusions. Many veterans are currently prescribed anticoagulants for prevention of life- and limb-threatening embolic and thrombotic events. In early 2015, the plastic surgery service began to instruct patients undergoing elective hand surgery to stay on their prescription anticoagulant perioperatively. The objective of this study was to determine the postoperative bleeding complication rate, if any, over a 7.5-year period in patients who did not interrupt their prescription anticoagulants. Health records at the Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Gainesville, Florida, were queried for all plastic surgery cases performed from January 1, 2015, through June 30, 2022. Elective hand cases were identified based on the operation description and included carpal tunnel decompression (endo and open), cubital tunnel decompression (in situ), trigger finger release, trapeziectomy, small-joint fusion, neurectomy, elective amputations, and benign neoplasm removals. Patient history and physicals notes were reviewed for mention of a prescription anticoagulant on their medication list and for instructions to not discontinue blood thinner use. The postoperative notes were reviewed for up to 30 days to look for evidence of postoperative bleeding complications. One hundred seventy-eight patients were identified for maintaining prescription blood thinners during their elective hand surgery. There was 1 major complication (0.6%) when a patient had to return to surgery for emergent control of bleeding. This was an in situ cubital tunnel release on clopidogrel and aspirin. There were 4 minor bleeding complications (2.2%) that were treated in the clinic with compression, wound care, or expedited follow-up for reassurance. Continuing prescription anticoagulants and antiplatelets during the perioperative period for elective hand surgery is a safe practice with an acceptably low local complication rate.