Description Of Content Research Articles

NES and NNES Student Writers’ Very Long Turns in Writing Center Conferences

Most tutors are trained in a core writing centers belief: Student writers who talk about their writing are student writers who will achieve better learning outcomes. Our comparative study—one of few in writing center research—examined the points in conferences in which student writers talked the most. We examined the very long turns (VLTs) of eight native English speaking (NES) student writers and eight non-native English speaking (NNES) student writers across 16 writing center conferences. We found that NESs contributed more VLTs than NNESs and that more NES conferences contained VLTs. We also found that stating goals for the conference occurred in half of the NES conferences, specifically, in the opening stage, while no NNES conferences had stated opening goals. In the three NNES conferences that contained VLTs, two contained a statement of a sentence-level goal, a description of potential content for the paper, and a period of time spent reading aloud from the paper. Of the VLTs preceded by questions, pumping questions (questions that prod student responses) occurred most frequently. We discuss the role that student-writer motivation and familiarity with the typical conference script played in the results and some implications of this comparative study for tutor training.

The digitisation and commercial licensing of local television news as a model for preservation and access: A case study

Since 2014, the Special Collections Department of the University of North Texas Libraries (UNTL) has worked to digitise over 60 years’ worth of historical film and video and provide online digital access to news programming that was originally broadcast under the name WBAP-TV, and later NBC 5/KXAS-TV. Revenue from commercial licensing is expected to contribute an increasingly significant percentage of the funding needed to make the collection fully digitally accessible. This paper looks briefly at the history of the NBC5 news collection and examines the workflows required to prepare film and video for digitisation, perform quality control on digital files, and apply metadata keywords and content description to make footage easier for easily filmmakers to discover online. The paper will also discuss the licensing workflows in place at UNTL and how footage has been licensed for use in a variety of projects.

Identifying and Translating Subjective Content Descriptions Among Texts

An agent pursuing a task may work with a corpus of documents as a reference library. Subjective content descriptions (SCDs) provide additional data that add value in the context of the agent’s task. In the pursuit of documents to add to the corpus, an agent may come across new documents where content text and SCDs from another agent are interleaved and no distinction can be made unless the agent knows the content from somewhere else. Therefore, this paper presents a hidden Markov model-based approach to identify SCDs in a new document where SCDs occur inline among content text. Additionally, we present a dictionary selection approach to identify suitable translations for content text and SCDs based on [Formula: see text]-grams. We end with a case study evaluating both approaches based on simulated and real-world data.

СИНТАКТИЧНАТА ПАРАДИГМА ВЪВ ФОРМАЛНОТО СИНТАКТИЧНО ОПИСАНИЕ / SYNTACTIC PARADIGM IN THE FORMAL SYNTACTIC DESCRIPTION

The paper deals with the scope of the term syntactic paradigm with a view to the syntactic description in the framework of a normative grammar of Bulgarian. The overview of the content of the term as understood by different authors shows that the proposed definitions do not satisfy the requirement for an independent description of form and content adopted as a basic principle in normative grammar. The reason for this is that scholars take as a point of departure the lexeme, an idiomatic (individual) set of word forms with an identical and regularly differentiated semantic characteristics that enter into regular oppositions. The paper offers an entirely formal understanding of the term syntactic paradigm whose applicability in the syntactic component of normative grammar is illustrated with selected subparadigms that include formal sentence structures consisting of simple endocentric syntactic constructions with verbs, prepositions and nouns. Keywords: syntactic paradigm, formal description, sentence structures, normative grammar, Bulgarian language

Image Augmentation based on GAN deep learning approach with Textual Content Descriptors

Computer vision, also known as computational visual perception, is a branch of artificial intelligence that allows computers to interpret digital pictures and videos in a manner comparable to biological vision. It entails the development of techniques for simulating biological vision. The aim of computer vision is to extract more meaningful information from visual input than that of a biological vision. Computer vision is exploding due to the avalanche of data being produced today. Powerful generative models, such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), are responsible for significant advances in the field of picture creation. The focus of this research is to concentrate on textual content descriptors in the images used by GANs to generate synthetic data from the MNIST dataset to either supplement or replace the original data while training classifiers. This can provide better performance than other traditional image enlarging procedures due to the good handling of synthetic data. It shows that training classifiers on synthetic data are as effective as training them on pure data alone, and it also reveals that, for small training data sets, supplementing the dataset by first training GANs on the data may lead to a significant increase in classifier performance.

The Potential for a ‘Tiger King Effect’: Analysis of Public and Media Response to the Netflix Series 'Tiger King'

During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Netflix aired the docuseries Tiger King: Murder, Mayhem, and Madness. This aligned with the United States declaring a national emergency and the beginning of stay-at-home orders. Netflixexperienced a significant increase in viewership and a large number of responses to Tiger King’s content from viewers and media outlets (e.g., Stoll 2021). In this article, we present an analysis of social media responses on the Netflix official Facebook page and online news articles associated with Tiger King published between 20 March 2020 and 30 March 2020. This thematic analysis reveals that public response was mainly related to expressions of sentiment, characters featured in the docuseries, and references to the show’s content (e.g., specific scenes). We also identified character references, series content descriptions, and real-life events as themes within media sources. We conclude this article by discussing the potential for a ‘Tiger King Effect’ in the U.S. and the media’s role in distributing human-animal related materials to the general public.

Most knee osteoarthritis education interventions in published trials lack clarity, comprehensiveness, and robust development - ancillary analysis of a systematic review

Introduction: Patient education is a guideline recommended first-line intervention for people with knee osteoarthritis. Yet, guidance on how to implement education interventions is poorly covered in guidelines, limiting translation to clinical practice. The primary aim of this ancillary analysis of our systematic review is to evaluate the content, development and delivery of education interventions for knee osteoarthritis in clinical trials. Methods: We performed an ancillary analysis of a previous systematic review and meta-analysis. A literature search was performed from inception to April 2020 using pre-defined search strategy in 5 databases; MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Randomized controlled trials involving patient education for people with knee osteoarthritis were included. For data analysis, we matched education content reported in trials against 14 pre-defined evidence-based topics and categorised as; ‘accurate/clear’, ‘partially accurate/clear’, or ‘not reported’. We identified whether interventions targeted skill development or stated learning objectives, categorised as ‘yes’ or ‘not reported’. Information about whether interventions were developed based on learning theories, previous research and co-design principles was extracted and reported as ‘yes’ or ‘not reported’. Delivery methods (number of sessions, group, one-to-one, mixed, self-directed), and mode(s) (face-to-face, telephone, written materials, etc.) of patient education interventions were identified. All data were summarised descriptively. Results: Thirty-eight education interventions across 30 trials involving 4,107 participants were included. Median number of content topics reported amongst all interventions was 3/14 (range 0-11). When content was reported, only 10% (n=13/136) were accurate and clear, with the remaining 90% (n=126/136) partially accurate/clear. Most interventions (61%, n=23/38) targeted skill development but only 34% (n=13/38) identified learning objectives. Less than half of the education interventions were based on theory (42%, n-16/38), or previous research for chronic conditions (45%, n=17/38) including 32% (n=12/38) based on research for osteoarthritis; and just 11% (n=4/38) were co-designed. Education was often facilitated face-to-face over multiple sessions (median, range; 9, 0-55), supplemented with telephone calls and/or written materials. Discussion: Education interventions in knee osteoarthritis studies lack comprehensiveness and lack clear accurate descriptions of content, impeding clinical translation. Very few are co-designed, and most do not identify learning outcomes, or use theory and previous research in development. These limitations may lead to underestimation of the value of quality patient education to improve outcomes for people with knee osteoarthritis. Conflict of interest statement: My co-authors and I acknowledge that we have no conflict of interest of relevance to the submission of this abstract.

Web Archiving as a Task of National and Local History Bibliography

The foreign experience of forming the majority of national web archives (in national libraries) and many accessible local history archives of public and university libraries has been analyzed due to the development of a model and methodology for electronic local history archives for Russian libraries.It is shown that the global activity on preserving network content is divided into national and regional segments and is national and local history in both contents. Its goals and structure fully fit into the classical forms and directions of national/local history bibliography, which turns out to be the key in all processes of selection and bibliographic processing of a new class of sources. For selection, all the criteria of connection with the country/region/territory, the place of production of the resource, its national language and content, characteristic of the national/local history bibliography; the selection itself is carried out by library specialists. The analysis has revealed the reasons why the preparation of the archived online content for use, regardless of the capabilities of automated technologies, in practice also requires the involvement of specialist in bibliography, the use of classical tools and methods of bibliographic description and indexing of content. The issue of choosing objects for archiving (sites, subdirectories, individual documents) is specially considered. The special significance, advantages and problems of treating individual documents are shown. The necessity of forming such web archiving strategies is substantiated, in which “starting points” are separate documents, and sites are evaluated and selected for productivity as their “containers”. Taking into account the global trends and the conditions of Russian libraries, a model of web archiving is proposed, the implementation of which, in the absence of a national repository and modern tools, will allow the beginning of accumulating some necessary experience and valuable network content.

The role of social media in promoting organised dog fighting

Background: Organised dog fighting is a criminal activity in most developed countries. However, despite this, its occurrence continues. As with many underground activities, social media is likely to play a critical role in promoting organised dog fighting. Aim: The study aim was to review video content on three social media platforms to look for evidence of organised dog fighting. Methods: A content review of three social media platforms (YouTube, Facebook, Instagram) was conducted. Videos suggestive of organised dog fighting were categorised as: i) fights involving physical contact; ii) intimidation; iii) promotion of dog fights and iv) hypothetical ‘match-ups’. Information collected included video information (title, author, date posted, URL), content description (video description, breed description) and popularity of the video (number of likes, views and comments). Results: Fifty-eight incidents were identified (YouTube: n=27, Instagram: n=18, Facebook: n=13). On YouTube, 17 videos (63.0%) were fights involving physical contact, five (18.5%) were hypothetical ‘match-ups’, four (14.8%) were a promotion of dog fights, and one (3.7%) was a video of images of an organised dog fight. On Facebook and Instagram, all videos were fights involving physical contact. Where breed information was available, the dogs were largely described as pit bulls (YouTube: 51.9%; Instagram: 66.7%). These videos varied in their numbers of views (mean: YouTube: 682 856.0, Instagram: 773.6), comments (mean: YouTube: 319.5, Facebook: 10.3; Instagram: 0.6) and likes (mean: YouTube: 4868.4, Facebook: 434.8). Conclusion: More vigilance by social media platforms and their users to monitor, remove and report such footage is essential, especially where videos breach animal welfare rules and regulations. Further research into other online platforms or different formats through which dog fighting and/or promotion may occur, and the education of social media users to recognise signs that videos may be promoting organised dog fighting, would be of value.

The cultural influences of narrative content on consumers’ perceptions of helpfulness

The rapid development of text analytics enables marketers to obtain the information extracted from the narrative content in user-generated content (UGC). Recent studies have also demonstrated that people with different cultural backgrounds may express their opinions about their purchase in diverse manners. This study focuses on the impact of the narrative content of consumers’ perception of helpfulness. It first identifies four contextual dimensions to propose a theoretical model, demonstrating that perceptions of helpfulness may differ in respect to the consumers’ varied cultural backgrounds (e.g., individualism vs. collectivism). By using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC), the study empirically tests the hypotheses by analyzing 111,857 movie reviews collected for 167 American movies released both in the United States and in China from 2013 to 2016. The results reveal that individualist consumers perceive an online review that contains more self-description and future-focus content as helpful, whereas collectivist consumers rely more on online reviews containing social description and past-focus content.

Contextual Image Illustrator: A Review

Abstract: Any story or any other literary content is best understood and advertised with the help of pictures. Images are used to arouse reader’s interest and comprehension in the content. The contextual image illustrator will take any content description and will output the ranked images related to that content. The text can be any blog, newspaper article, any story or any other content. The image retrieval process that has been used for this purpose is Text based Image Retrieval, i.e., TBIR. Semantic keywords are extricated from the story; images are looked through an annotated database. Thereafter, an image ranking scheme will determine the relevance of each image. Then the user can choose among the images displayed. A score along with each image will also be displayed representing its relevance to the query. The keywords stemming and stop word removal has been explained in the document. Also, the algorithm that has been designed to determine the score and hence the image’s significance has been calculated. Testing consisting of both unit testing and module testing of the project are explained. Keywords: Keyword Extraction, Image Search, Stemming, Stop word Removal, URL Score, URL Ranking

WHY MAKING MATTERS ONLINE: THE PINTEREST-DIY DATA SET

ABSTRACT The Do-It-Yourself (DIY) community is currently one of the largest creative content communities on Pinterest (Hall et al., 2018), a social networking service (SNS) that encourages users to both share information about creative processes and attempt projects in real life (IRL). Pinterest users share ongoing projects by creating Project “Pins”, which consist of images, videos, and text descriptions of creative content. And yet, while several studies have investigated user behavior in relation to everyday ideation and creativity on the site (Linder et al., 2014, Hu et al., 2018, Mull and Lee, 2014), little is known about the characteristics that lead users to prefer some DIY projects over others. Thus, this paper introduces the Pinterest-DIY data set, which consists of text data mined from 500 DIY project Pins on Pinterest. Using a custom sampling approach, we created a taxonomy of DIY characteristics related to each Pin’s project type, function, materials, and complexity. To measure user preferences on the site, we also conducted a sentiment analysis on user comments for each DIY project Pin. This paper introduces the data set and presents two use cases for the internet research community using both exploratory and confirmatory statistical methods. In our view, the Pinterest-DIY data set will provide further opportunities to examine whether, and to what degree, participation in online DIY communities promotes everyday creativity and increases engagement with physical matter.

Intelligent mining vulnerabilities in python code snippets

In the software development process, many developers learn from code snippets in the open-source community to implement specific functions. However, few people think about whether these code have vulnerabilities, which provides channels for developing unsafe programs. To this end, this paper constructs a source code snippets vulnerability mining system named PyVul based on deep learning to automatically detect the security of code snippets in the open source community. PyVul builds abstract syntax tree (AST) for the source code to extract its code feature, and then introduces the bidirectional long-term short-term memory (BiLSTM) neural network algorithm to detect vulnerability codes. If it is vulnerable code, the further constructed a multi-classification model could analyze the context discussion contents in associated threads, to classify the code vulnerability type based the content description. Compared with traditional detection methods, this method can identify vulnerable code and classify vulnerability type. The accuracy of the proposed model can reach 85%. PyVul also found 138 vulnerable code snippets in the real public open-source community. In the future, it can be used in the open-source community for vulnerable code auditing to assist users in safe development.

Socially responsible teaching of entrepreneurship: exploring the unfavorable aspects of entrepreneurial action

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss whether, in entrepreneurship disciplines, professors address equally the positive and negative aspects associated with being an entrepreneur. The literature shows that entrepreneurship professors are enthusiastic about entrepreneurial action, and there may be a bias toward predominant emphasis on positive aspects.Design/methodology/approachThe case study strategy was used to analyze disciplines that qualify entrepreneurship professors. The content analysis technique was applied to the description of the discipline contents and texts from the most frequently used literatures. The selected case (the country) satisfied the condition of having a regulatory agency that evaluates courses and also provides descriptive records of the disciplines that are taught.FindingsIt was observed that the topics discussed in the disciplines, as well as the texts of the most frequently used articles, contain a higher volume of messages that are positive and favorable toward the entrepreneurial act. Negative effects or aspects of entrepreneurship are addressed superficially.Practical implicationsThis article provides important reflections on the activities of those who teach entrepreneurship, as well as editors and reviewers of entrepreneurship journals. Regarding the former, when preparing the content of their disciplines, and for the latter, when evaluating articles, bearing in mind that their articles are also used by students and professors from countries with less developed economies.Originality/valueExploring the myths of entrepreneurship, especially the claim that everyone is capable of becoming an entrepreneur and that entrepreneurship promotes economic development, the risk of becoming an entrepreneur was addressed, especially in countries with less developed economies. From this viewpoint, issues regarding the responsible teaching of entrepreneurship were addressed, along with the need to focus equally on the favorable and unfavorable aspects of entrepreneurship.

ATR-FTIR spectroscopy for the routine quality control of exosome isolations

Exosomes are nanosized vesicles containing specific cargos of DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites, and intracellular and membrane lipids. Exosome isolation needs to be optimized carefully depending on the type of biofluid and tissue and the retrieved exosomes need to be characterized. The main objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of a multimodal analysis of Attenuated Total Reflectance – Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and UPLC–QqTOF-MSMS for the development of a routine quality control tool of isolated exosomes and the rapid characterization of their lipid profiles and total protein content. Using human milk as model example, exosomes were isolated by multi-stage ultracentrifugation. After single-phase extraction, lipidomic analysis was carried out by UPLC–QqTOF-MSMS with automated MSMS-based annotation using HMDB, METLIN, LipidBlast and MSDIAL databases. The classes with the largest number of annotated features were glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and glycerolipids. Then, dry films of 2 ​μL exosomes were directly analyzed by ATR-FTIR. Multivariate analysis showed significant associations between ATR-FTIR specific regions and the concentrations of different lipid classes. Principal component analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis of IR and lipidomic data showed that ATR−FTIR renders valuable qualitative descriptors of the lipid content of isolated exosomes. Total LC-MS lipid and total protein contents could also be quantified by using the area of CHs and CO stretching bands as well as the amide I band. As a conclusion, results obtained show that multimodal analysis of ATR-FTIR and UPLC-MS data is a useful tool for the development of spectroscopic methods. ATR-FTIR provided both, qualitative and quantitative chemical descriptors of isolated exosomes, enabling a fast and direct quantification of total protein and lipid contents.

Experiences of transition to motherhood among pregnant women following assisted reproductive technology: a qualitative systematic review.

This systematic review aimed to identify and synthesize available qualitative evidence regarding the experiences of the transition to motherhood among pregnant women following assisted reproductive technology. Pregnant women experience unique challenges to their identity when transitioning to motherhood following assisted reproductive technology. It is important that health care professionals understand the context and complexity of emotional adaptation to pregnancy following assisted reproductive technology. Any qualitative data from empirical studies that described experiences of the transition to motherhood during pregnancy among women who conceived through assisted reproductive technology were considered for inclusion. Several databases were searched for published and unpublished studies in English or Japanese from 1992 to 2019, including MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest Health and Medical Collection, Google Scholar, and Open Access Theses and Dissertations (in English); and Ichushi-Web, CiNii, and the Institutional Repositories Database (in Japanese). All included studies were assessed by two independent reviewers. Any disagreements were resolved through discussion. We used the recommended JBI approach to critical appraisal, data extraction, and data synthesis. This review included seven studies that considered pregnant women's (n = 110) experiences of transition to motherhood following assisted reproductive technology. The studies were assessed as moderate to high quality (scores 7-10) based on the JBI critical appraisal checklist for qualitative research. All studies used qualitative methodologies or methods including phenomenology, narrative approach, qualitative description, and qualitative content analysis. There were two studies from Japan, one from Brazil, one from Iran, one from Israel, one from the UK, and one from the USA. In total, 51 supported findings were aggregated into 14 categories, and five synthesized findings: i) Pregnant women following assisted reproductive technology require support to decrease anxiety and improve their belief in pregnancy to internalize a maternal identity; ii) Pregnant women following assisted reproductive technology need reassurance of their lifestyles to ensure a safe passage through pregnancy because of ambivalent feelings about becoming a mother; iii) Pregnant women following assisted reproductive technology develop a maternal identity with affection for the fetus if they switch their mindset from infertility to pregnancy; iv) Pregnant women following assisted reproductive technology need to review their self-image of being infertile and prepare for childbirth or motherhood; v) Pregnancy following assisted reproductive technology contributes to the emergence of positive feelings and changing the women's sense of self and other personal relationships. Based on the ConQual approach, the confidence in the synthesized findings was rated as moderate to low. The synthesized findings highlight the importance of understanding the uncertainty and ambivalent feelings women have about their pregnancy, delayed development of attachment to their fetus and formation of a maternal identity, alteration in their relationships, and the social context of pregnancy via assisted reproductive technology among pregnant women following assisted reproductive technology. Health care professionals need to be aware of the specific care needs of these women relating to the unique pathway in the identity transition to motherhood following assisted reproductive technology. More research on development and implementation of specific intervention programs for expectant mothers following assisted reproductive technology is needed. PROSPERO CRD42019138200.

Covid-19 Influence on the Content of Aptagro, Enfagrow and Friso Gold Milk Formula Facebook Description Advertisements

The COVID-19 pandemic has become the main social practice that influences all contents in the advertising. It has become a crucial time for brands to monitor what they advertise as it can be beneficial or sensitive. Most brands in the industry are creating content surrounding the COVID-19 outbreak. The milk formula industry is one of the industries that has connected their content from the influence of the social practice of the COVID-19 pandemic. Milk formula brands have opted to use their social media to advertise their product through fear based emotional appear towards parents. In the advertisement, they emphasised the milk formula brands offer the best for their children so that parents will not need to worry from the COVID-19 on their children. This research is a qualitative research focusing on social practice analysis from Fairclough (1995) critical discourse analysis. 3 super premium milk formula brands Facebook description content advertisement were analysed. 3 Facebook descriptions were analysed for every brand, one from 2019 before the COVID-19 outbreak, one from 2020 at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia and one in 2021, one year with the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings showed that the content from the milk formula brands for the pre COVID-19 outbreak was very generic and the product based on the Facebook descriptions in 2020 and 2021 included the COVID-19 content explicitly and implicitly. This showed that the social practice of the COVID-19 pandemic had influenced the content of the milk formula in a big way via its Facebook description post and how the industry is adapting to the pandemic situation and assuring parents that their brands are the best to protect their children. It is hoped that the future research could be done on the milk formula advertisements and the effectiveness of the digital advertising in comparison to the traditional advertising for the milk formula industry.

The Method of Static Semantic Map Construction Based on Instance Segmentation and Dynamic Point Elimination

Semantic information usually contains a description of the environment content, which enables mobile robot to understand the environment and improves its ability to interact with the environment. In high-level human–computer interaction application, the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) system not only needs higher accuracy and robustness, but also has the ability to construct a static semantic map of the environment. However, traditional visual SLAM lacks semantic information. Furthermore, in an actual scene, dynamic objects will reduce the system performance and also generate redundancy when constructing map. these all directly affect the robot’s ability to perceive and understand the surrounding environment. Based on ORB-SLAM3, this article proposes a new Algorithm that uses semantic information and the global dense optical flow as constraints to generate dynamic-static mask and eliminate dynamic objects. then, to further construct a static 3D semantic map under indoor dynamic environments, a fusion of 2D semantic information and 3D point cloud is carried out. the experimental results on different types of dataset sequences show that, compared with original ORB-SLAM3, both Absolute Pose Error (APE) and Relative Pose Error (RPE) have been ameliorated to varying degrees, especially on freiburg3-walking-xyz, the APE reduced by 97.78% from the original average value of 0.523, and RPE reduced by 52.33% from the original average value of 0.0193. Compared with DS-SLAM and DynaSLAM, our system improves real-time performance while ensuring accuracy and robustness. Meanwhile, the expected map with environmental semantic information is built, and the map redundancy caused by dynamic objects is successfully reduced. the test results in real scenes further demonstrate the effect of constructing static semantic maps and prove the effectiveness of our Algorithm.

Comparative research in the field of professional education of preschool teachers: comparative content analysis as a method of authentic interpretation of concepts

The article is devoted to the disclosure of psycholinguistic aspects of comparative research, in particular the specifics of speech and thinking activities of the comparativist in the application of comparative content analysis of Ukrainian and English scientific pedagogical terminology. Theoretical aspects of comparative content analysis in comparative pedagogical research are revealed, which consist in: objectivity of system and quantitative description of the available content of the term; counting the semantic units represented in the information array that are determined; objectivity of conclusions and rigour of a procedure; quantification of text processing with the subsequent interpretation of the results of the analytical review of the phenomenon under study. It is determined that the speech-thinking activity of a comparativist is characterised by a step-by-step and complex of complementary, interconnected operations, which consist of the following components: motivational-target, cognitive-semantic, reproductive-activity, creative-active, evaluative-reflexive. It was determined that the methodological aspects of the application of comparative content analysis are the necessity to separate units for analysis, the formation of a sample that will ensure the authenticity of the interpretation of the concept in the domestic research-pedagogical thesaurus.

Audit of bone marrow biopsy reports submitted to a myelodysplastic syndrome registry

Background: Reviewing a diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is challenging due to variability in morphological description and report content. Improved concordance in diagnosis may be achieved by adhering to morphological requirements based upon WHO classification criteria,1 and by following structured reporting guidelines. Aim: We reviewed bone marrow biopsy reports submitted to a pilot Myelodysplastic Syndromes Registry (MDSLink) to confirm accuracy of diagnoses based on morphological description, according to WHO 2016 criteria.1 We also audited report content according to the RCPA Bone Marrow Specimen Structured Reporting Protocol.2 Results: Out of 59 bone marrow biopsy reports reviewed, four (∼7%) cases did not describe morphological features consistent with the stated diagnoses based on WHO diagnostic criteria. Quantitative assessment of reported dysplasia (>/<10%) was infrequently provided, with qualitative terms more commonly used. Fifty-three reports complied with RCPA structured reporting guidelines, but six (∼11%) omitted details regarding trephine length, iron stores or presence and proportion of ring sideroblasts. WHO disease subtype was provided in all cases, but ICD-O code was rarely included (∼8%). Discussion: Reporting of morphological features in MDS according to WHO criteria in a structured format based on published guidelines allows objective confirmation and standardisation of MDS diagnoses, and identifies areas for improvement. 1.Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, et al., editors. WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Revised 4th ed, 2016. Lyon: IARC, 2017.2.Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (RCPA). Bone Marrow Specimen (Aspirate and Trephine Biopsy) Structured Reporting Protocol (1st Edition 2014). Sydney: RCPA, 2014. https://www.rcpa.edu.au/Library/Practising-Pathology/Structured-Pathology-Reporting-of-Cancer/Cancer-Protocols