Description Of Model Research Articles

Late-life psychiatric factors and life satisfaction are associated with cognitive errors: evidence from an experimental module of a large-scale survey in India

Older adults are at risk of committing cognitive and decision-making errors due to the decline in cognitive functions. However, the understanding of the determining factors of cognitive errors among ageing adults is limited. In this study, we explored the role of various psychiatric factors, life satisfaction, and other socioeconomic, health and behavioural risk factors of committing cognitive errors among middle-aged and older adults in India. The study utilized the data from the experimental module of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave-1 (2017–2018) with a sample of 12,754 adults aged 45 years and above. The cognitive error was measured using logical fallacies committed in the activity-based experiments. The study employed descriptive, bivariate statistics and multivariable logistic regression models to identify the factors associated with cognitive errors among the study participants. Depression (aOR = 1.28, 99%, CI: 1.16–1.41), life satisfaction (aOR = 0.99, 99%, CI: 0.98–1.00), and cognitive impairment (aOR = 1.13, 90% CI: 1.00–1.30) self-reported psychiatric) were significantly associated with higher odds of committing cognitive errors among the middle-aged and older adults. Also, ageing adults with low educational levels, functional limitations, sleep disturbances, smoking history, living in rural areas and belonging to scheduled tribes had a higher probability of committing cognitive errors. However, involvement in physical activity, reading habits and social interactions reduced the odds of cognitive errors among this sample. Mental health and well-being indicators, including depression, life satisfaction, cognitive impairment, and other health and behavioural health factors, determine cognitive errors among ageing adults. Programs and policies should be initiated to address these factors, reduce cognitive errors, and ensure active ageing.

Modeling of Liquefied Natural Gas Cold Power Generation for Access to the Distribution Grid

Cold energy generation is an important part of liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy cascade utilization, and existing studies lack a specific descriptive model for LNG cold energy transmission to the AC subgrid. Therefore, this paper proposes a descriptive model for the grid-connected process of cold energy generation at LNG stations. First, the expansion kinetic energy transfer of the intermediate work mass is derived and analyzed in the LNG unipolar Rankine cycle structure, the mathematical relationship between the turbine output mechanical power and the variation in the work mass flow rate and pressure is established, and the variations in the LNG heat exchanger temperature difference, seawater flow rate, and the turbine temperature difference in the cycle system are investigated. Secondly, based on the fifth-order equation of state of the synchronous generator, the expressions of its electromagnetic power, output AC frequency, and voltage were analyzed. Finally, the average equivalent models of the machine-side and grid-side converters are established using a direct-fed grid-connected structure, thus forming a descriptive model of the overall drive process. The ORC model is built in Aspen HYSIS to obtain the time series expression of the torque output of the turbine; based on the ORC output torque, the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMGSG) as well as the direct-fed grid-connected structure are built in MATLAB/Simulink, and the active power and current outputs of the grid-following-type voltage vector control method and the grid-forming-type power-angle synchronous control method are also verified.

Study on the creep constitutive model of layered rockconsidering anisotropic and damage factors after hightemperature exposure

The failure of layered rock after high temperature exposure is a major concern in deep underground engineering projects. This paper proposes an improved Nishihara creep constitutive model that considers damage factors and the bedding angle, which overcomes the shortcomings of the deviation in the description of the conventional Nishihara model in the acceleration stage. The constitutive model is verified by the conventional triaxial creepiest. The theoretical curve has a high degree of fitting with the experimental curve. The experimental results show that a temperature of [Formula: see text] has an obvious influence on the steady creep rate and the creep strain of layered sandstone, and [Formula: see text] can be regarded as the temperature threshold for the long-term strength and change from anisotropic to isotropic of layered sandstone. The irreversible melting mixing phenomenon at the boundary of mineral particles with increasing temperature is the mechanism by which different treatment temperatures affect the anisotropy degree of layered rock.

THE GLOBAL RESEARCH TRENDS ON THE EARLY LITERACY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION

This study examines global trends in early literacy articles published in the Web of Science (WoS) database. Using a descriptive survey model and bibliometric analysis, 2879 articles from 1985 to 2023 were analyzed. According to the results, the number of articles and citations has increased significantly since 2005. The Journal of Early Childhood Literacy is the most prolific journal in this field. Most studies originate from developed countries, notably the USA, Canada, and Australia, with English being the predominant language. Key contributing institutions include the State University System of Florida and Florida State University. The author Justice, L.M., is a leading contributor with 42 articles. The most cited article, by Sénéchal & LeFevre, at 2002 has 1044 citations. The 'Education & Educational Research' category leads with 1751 articles, covering topics like education, psychology, and language and linguistics. Literacy, emergent literacy, phonological awareness, reading are the prominent keywords and recent trends include topics such as literacy environments and dual language learners. Researchers from the USA, Canada, and Australia are prominent in collaborative efforts. This study analyzes global trends and key contributors in early literacy research, providing valuable insights for researchers and decision-makers about future directions and research gaps in the field.

Descriptive models for lunar High-Ti deposits

High-Ti deposits on the Moon may emerge as a key resource for oxygen extraction. Descriptive models are the first qualitative step toward quantitative assessments of natural resources. Such models provide a structured framework for understanding the formation processes and spatial distribution of discrete types of resource deposits. In this study, we provide the first lunar descriptive models, characterizing high-Ti lunar deposits, drawing parallels with established models used in assessing mineral deposits on Earth.Our methodology involves utilizing remote sensing datasets and geological maps to identify and describe high-Ti deposits. This is supplemented by data extrapolated from Apollo missions. However, there remain critical knowledge gaps, particularly regarding petrography, subsurface information, surface characteristics, and physical properties of high-Ti deposits, which necessitate further exploration and analysis.

Efforts to Improve Fine Motoric Skills of Early Childhood through Coffee Dregs at Tkit Ar-Rahmah, Bener Meriah Regency

This study aims to determine how efforts to improve the fine motoric abilities of early childhood through coffee grounds at Tkit Ar-Rahmah, Bener Meriah Regency. using the method of class action research (PTK) descriptive qualitative model. The subject of this research is class B children totaling 24 children, of which there are 15 girls and 14 boys at the age of 5-6 years. The results of the achievement of action in cycle 1 showed that the percentage of children's fine motor skills was 37.5% undeveloped (BB), children who began to develop (MB) 41.67%, and children developing as expected (BSH) 20.83%. Whereas in cycle II there was a very good increase, namely with a percentage of 16.67% of children who developed as expected (BSH) and 83.33% of children who developed very well (BSB). Thus it can be concluded that there is an increase in children's fine motor skills through coffee grounds collage media in TKIT Ar-Rahmah, Bener Meriah district.

The Role of Culture Mentabeq in Shaping the Character of Class 1 Students at SDN 2 Selengen

This study aims to determine the role of mentabeq culture in shaping the character of students at SDN 2 Selengen. This study is a qualitative study with a qualitative descriptive analysis model. The data and data sources in this study are primary and secondary. Primary data is data that is directly obtained from the source, namely the principal, class teachers, and students, while secondary data is supporting data that is useful for supporting primary data. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation, and the analysis techniques use data reduction, data classification, and drawing conclusions. In this study it was found that mentabeq culture can have a major influence on the formation of student character such as, good, polite, ethical, and obedient to the norms that apply both at school and in the community, because this culture is able to foster a sense of mutual respect between each other..

Dominant factors for solar energy choice by Manufacturing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs’) in Tanzania

Energy demand by manufacturing industries has increased significantly whereby fossil fuels consumption is dominant. Increased concern over resource depletion, and environmental impacts, suggests future dependence on renewable energies. Tanzania is blessed with abundant solar energy and its exploitation may contribute to increased energy access. Despite the paybacks of renewable energy, studies on the exploration of the dominant factors for energy choice by manufacturing MSME’s are scarce. This study explored the dominant factors for solar energy choice by manufacturing MSME’s. Questionnaires were used to collect data (n = 236) from employees in manufacturing MSMEs’ whereby descriptive and multinomial probit (MNP) model were employed to establish the dominant factors. The findings of MNP revealed that not expensive energy, and other factors (e.g., availability of solar appliances) have significant influence on solar PV use, while the adoption of hydro-electricity was significantly influenced by not expensive and advised to use energy. Easy access, and not expensive have significant influence on fossil fuels. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results revealed that all factors (i.e., environmental, social, and economic) have significant influence on workers perception of sustainable manufacturing. These findings provide critical information for policy making instruments in Tanzania for informed decisions in the formulation of policies in the utilization of renewable energy technologies.

Guided bone regeneration improves defect fill and reconstructive outcomes in 3-wall peri-implantitis defects.

This multi-center, randomized clinical trial compared the long-term outcomes of guided bone regeneration (GBR) with open flap debridement (OFD) in treating peri-implantitis-related bony defects with ≥3 osseous walls over 36 months. The study aimed to evaluate the healing potential of GBR using a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) graft and native bilayer collagen membrane (NBCM) compared to OFD without the use of graft materials. Sixty-six individuals diagnosed with peri-implantitis were randomly assigned to either GBR (34 patients) or OFD (32 patients). The OFD group served as the control, where inflamed tissue was removed and the implant surface decontaminated using 3% hydrogen peroxide, but no bone graft was placed. The GBR group received DBBM and NBCM for defect reconstruction. Radiographic defect fill (RDF), probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), suppuration (SUP), mucosal recession (MREC), and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were assessed over the study duration. Post-surgical care included azithromycin, ibuprofen, and chlorhexidine rinses. The study involved baseline assessments, surgical interventions, and follow-ups at 6, 12, and 36 months. Supportive peri-implant therapy was provided every 3 months during the additional 24-month follow-up. Primary outcome was RDF at 36 months. Secondary outcomes included PPD, BOP, SUP, MREC, and PROs. Descriptive statistics and ANCOVA models were used for analysis. At 36 months, GBR resulted in a mean RDF of 2.13 ± 1.26 mm, compared to 1.64 ± 1.54 mm with OFD (p = .18). No significant differences were found in PPD, BOP, SUP, REC, or PROs between the groups. Treatment success (defined as no additional bone loss, PPD ≤ 5 mm, no BOP, and no SUP) was achieved in 46.2% of GBR cases and 20% of OFD cases (p = 0.053). GBR provided improved short-term defect fill and higher treatment success compared to OFD, although the differences were not statistically significant. Both procedures maintained clinical parameters over 36 months, with similar patient satisfaction (PROs) observed for GBR and OFD. The adjunct use of DBBM and NBCM may offer clinical benefits for peri-implantitis cases with specific bony defect morphology.

Maximizing wind farm production through pitch control using graph neural networks and hybrid learning methods

AbstractThis article presents a novel methodology to maximize wind farm power generation by integrating graph neural networks (GNN), supervised learning, and reinforcement learning techniques. First, the article introduces a graph‐based representation of the wind farm, capturing wind turbines as vertices and the inter‐turbine wake interactions as edges. The construction of this graph representation integrates the Jensen wake model, which includes insights derived from prior knowledge of wind farm aerodynamics. Subsequently, a detailed description of the GNN model's architecture, incorporating a message passing mechanism, is outlined. This GNN model is trained initially with supervised learning using a dataset of optimal pitch angles generated from the analytical results derived from Jensen wake model. Moreover, to improve the GNN model's accuracy and adaptability, reinforcement learning techniques are employed. The GNN model interacts with a high‐fidelity wind farm simulation environment, receiving feedback in the form of rewards derived from the wind farm's actual power output. Through a policy gradient approach, the GNN parameters undergo iterative updates, enabling the model to learn and adapt to dynamic wind conditions and intricate turbine interactions. The effectiveness and advantages of the proposed methodology are demonstrated through comprehensive case studies across various wind farm layouts.

Thermodynamic properties and structure of interfacial boundaries in nonionic fluids from the multilayer quasichemical model

The interfacial properties and structure of nonuniform fluids containing complex chainlike molecules and associating species are very much needed in a variety of different fields, including enhanced oil recovery, drug delivery, pharmacy, cosmetics, food processing, etc.Recently, we described the Multilayer Quasichemical Model (MQuM) of a nonuniform fluid that provides a remarkably detailed structural information, including the local concentration and orientation of functional groups of the molecules, the orientation profiles of the chemical bonds in molecular chains and the orientation profiles of the hydrogen bonds in the mixture.In this work, we focus on the description of thermodynamic properties with the aid of MQuM, including the interfacial tension and the profiles of normal and transverse pressures. Before proceeding to more complex systems, a test is performed through comparison with the previously known results from the Scheutjens-Fleer theory for the planar liquid–vapor interface and spherical droplet in one-component fluid of nonpolar monomeric molecules. The model is applied then for planar interfaces between the liquid phases in mixtures of water with n-alkanes of different chain length and for spherical drops in model systems that contain an associating solvent, a nonpolar chain and a nonionic amphiphile. Our theoretical results are compared with experiment, predictions from iSAFT and MD simulation data from the literature. For the spherical droplets, we discuss the model description of the dependence of the interfacial tension on the curvature and estimate the Tolman length. For the planar interface between the equilibrium liquid phases in water – n-alkane mixtures, the interfacial tensions predicted from the model are in good agreement with experiment.

CHILD PARTICIPATION IN CARTOONS: THE EXAMPLE OF TURKISH RADIO AND TELEVISION CORPORATION CHILDREN'S CHANNEL

It is considered necessary to support the participation of children socially, and media tools having a significant effect on individuals today should reflect child participation. The aim of this study was to examine the right to participate in cartoons prepared for primary school children. The study was conducted with a descriptive survey model. The sample of this study was determined by criterion sampling and consists of a total of 10 cartoons on the TRT Children’s channel for primary school children. The data were collected with a checklist and were analysed with descriptive analysis. As a result of the research, it was determined that in the cartoons, child-led participation was the most common level of participation, while collaborative participation was the least common. Furthermore, it was determined that the qualities of participation in cartoons were mostly related, voluntary and respectful and the safe and sensitive to risk were the least. Keywords: children’s participation, media, primary school children, right to participate

Adaptation of the Teaching Engineering Self-Efficacy Scale to Turkish and Analysis of Science Teachers' Teaching Engineering Self-Efficacy Beliefs across Different Variables

The objective of this study was to adapt the Teaching Engineering Self-Efficacy Scale (TESS) to Turkish through comprehensive validity and reliability assessments and to analyze science teachers' (specializing in science, physics, chemistry, biology) Teaching Engineering Self-Efficacy (TES) beliefs concerning various variables. The study employed the TESS, originally developed by Yoon, Evans, and Strobel (2014), alongside a personal information form, and followed a descriptive survey model as its research methodology. The adapted TESS's validity and reliability were evaluated using data from 476 science teachers in schools under the Ministry of National Education (MNE) in X province, and the main study involved 221 science teachers from Y province. The assessment of teachers' TES beliefs in relation to different factors was executed using independent samples t-tests, One-Way ANOVA, and the Scheffe test. It revealed that science teachers' TES beliefs significantly varied based on factors such as their involvement in providing engineering education, the integration of engineering education into their teaching, and their specific teaching subjects, but not gender. The study contributes a valid and reliable scale to the academic literature.

DEVELOPMENT OF EARTHQUAKE FEAR SCALE: VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY

In this study, it was aimed to develop a measurement tool that can measure the earthquake fear levels of middle and high school adolescents who experienced an earthquake. The study conducted with the descriptive survey model. The sample consisted of adolescents studying in middle and high schools. Factor analyses were applied to test the construct validity of the scale. First, exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale consisted of two factors (worry and physical symptoms), and explained 65.52% of the total variance. First and second level confirmatory factor analysis were applied to confirm the structure obtained as a result of exploratory factor analyses. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the model structure of the scale. For the reliability research, Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was calculated, the lowest 27% group was compared with the highest 27% group, and the correlation between the two measurements was examined by applying the test-retest procedure. At the end of the study it was determined that the scale was reliable based on the values obtained.

Linguistic, Aesthetic And Cultural Aspects Of Translating Literary Texts (Arabic-English): A Model For Translation Pedagogy

The main aim of this paper is to explore the different linguistic, aesthetic, and cultural aspects of literary translation. The paper examines the various features of literary translation at both macro and micro levels. It focuses on those features of literary texts that are characteristic of literary works. First, we follow the standard linguistic paradigm in the discussion of literary translation, including phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and the aesthetic and cultural features of literary texts. The qualitative method is used to explore the various features of literary translation to identify the recurring linguistic and literary devices lacking systematic forms and patterns to find a comparable genre-specific form in the target language. The model proposed consists of five stages: (1) Retention of sound devices, (2) Retention of syntactic patterns, (3) Retention of semantic features, (4) Retention of figurative language, and (5) Retention of the cultural aspects. The model is a descriptive model for analyzing literary translation procedures and can be used as a pedagogical model for translation practice. Findings show that employing this model would offer translation students new insights to describe challenging linguistic, aesthetic, and cultural features in the source texts to think of some practical solutions for translating literary works.

Perceived social, economic, environmental and health effects of solid waste management practices in logia town, afar, ethiopia

Improper solid waste management in urban and semi-urban areas has led to adverse impacts on the environment, public health, and the economic well-being of communities. Therefore, this study analyzes the status of household solid waste management practices and their effects in Logia Town, Afar, Ethiopia. To achieve this objective, the study utilizes both descriptive and econometric models (binary logistic regression model). The descriptive results of the study revealed that there is general awareness of the importance of solid waste management (SWM) and its impact on the environment, economy, and human health among the respondents. Regarding respondents’ attitudes, the majority of households understand the responsibility of proper waste disposal and its impact. However, in terms of solid waste management practices, 80% of households do not properly segregate their waste, 59.3% do not separate solid waste (SW) before disposal, and 74% of households engage in improper disposal practices. About 95.9% of respondents were aware that improper waste management can lead to diseases such as diarrhea, typhoid, and cholera. Around 65% of the sampled households considered solid waste as a source of wealth, and, as a result, 56% of them reuse, recycle, and reduce waste. This indicates that solid waste has economic value for society. Regarding the environmental impact of SW, about 89% of respondents argued that SW adversely affects the environment by polluting rivers, lakes, wells, and air. This environmental impact negatively affects the well-being and economic status of the community. The binary logistic regression model found that having adequate solid waste landfills, access to door-to-door solid waste collection, knowledge of SWM rules and regulations, treating waste as a resource, and understanding the 3Rs (recycle, reuse, reduce) had positive and significant effects on the adoption of proper solid waste management practices in the study area. Therefore, to reduce undesirable effects and improve the value of SW, the relevant authorities should provide adequate solid waste landfills and door-to-door collection services, create awareness about SWM rules and regulations, and promote knowledge of the 3Rs.

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PAKAT dengan Model PBL Fase D Kelas 9 SMPN 4 Tebing Tinggi

The low learning outcomes in Catholic religion for 9th-grade students are a problem, and the root of the problem is teachers' propensity to employ a traditional teaching style called lecturing. The researcher tries to apply the PBL approach to enhance learning results. Both qualitative and quantitative descriptive research models are used in this study. SMPN 4 Tebing Tinggi is the research site. The study's findings suggest that applying the PBL approach can enhance students' learning objectives. The fact that learning results improved from cycle 1 to cycle 2 with data showing that in the cognitive aspect, the competent category is at 22.2% and the proficient category at 77.8%. In the affective aspect, the competent category is at 11.1%, and the proficient category is at 88.9%. A similar trend is observed in the psychomotor aspect, with the competent category at 11.1% and the proficient category at 88.9%. The study concludes that the use of the PBL model in learning can enhance the learning outcomes of 9th-grade students.

Is creative thinking and innovation in teachers enough on their own? What happens if there is no entrepreneurship and reflective thinking?

This study aims to find the moderated mediation role of reflective thinking. It looks at the effect of teachers' creative thinking on innovation through entrepreneurship. This research adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing a descriptive and relational survey model. Four hundred and thirty-seven full-time teachers participated in the study. They were given questionnaires on creative thinking, reflective thinking, entrepreneurship, and innovation. Subsequently, empirical analyses were performed using a moderated mediation model. The research shows that teachers tend to have high scores in creative thinking, reflective thinking, entrepreneurship, and innovation. There is a positive and statistically significant relationship among these variables. Creative thinking indirectly boosts innovation through entrepreneurship. Reflective thinking moderates this process.

Maternal Gatekeeping Scale for infancy period (0-24 months) adaptation into Turkish: Mother and Father Form.

This research aimed to adapt the Maternal Gatekeeping Scale into Turkish for use with infants and to evaluate its validity and reliability with parents. The study employed a descriptive survey model, a quantitative research approach. Participants were selected using criterion sampling, a purposeful sampling technique. The study sample included 305 mothers and 209 fathers with infants aged 0-24 months, who are married, living together, and agreed to participate. The data in the study were collected with the "Demographic Information Form" and "Maternal Gatekeeping Scale" created by the researcher. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for the construct validity of the Maternal Gatekeeping Scale- Mother Form and Maternal Gatekeeping Scale- Father Form. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the Maternal Gatekeeping Scale-Mother Form was 0.76; the control sub-dimension was 0.75, the encouragement sub-dimension was 0.81, and the obstacle sub-dimension was 0.76. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the Maternal Gatekeeping Scale-Father Form was 0.87; the control sub-dimension was 0.83, the encouragement sub-dimension was 0.87, and the obstacle sub-dimension was 0.87. In order to calculate item discriminations, 27% lower-upper groups were formed and independent sample t-test was applied to these groups. Item-total correlation values were calculated to determine the relationship between each item in the scale and other items. The findings of this study demonstrate that both the Mother and Father Forms of the Maternal Gatekeeping Scale are valid and reliable tools for assessing maternal gatekeeping among parents with infants in Türkiye. The adaptation of this scale represents a significant advancement in the field of maternal gatekeeping during infancy. It is anticipated that this adapted scale will serve as a foundational resource for future research, facilitating the exploration of determinants and consequences associated with maternal gatekeeping in infancy.

Knowledge, attitude towards, and utilization of friendly health services among school adolescents in the pastoral community of Guji zone, Ethiopia: an institution-based comparative cross-sectional study.

Although sexual and reproductive health for adolescents is a recognized fundamental human right and a critical component of health policy, it is poorly addressed and seldom researched in pastoral communities. The study aimed to determine the status of sexual and reproductive health knowledge, attitudes, and practice among pastoral school adolescents in Ethiopia. An Institution-based comparative study was conducted from Nov. 2020 to Jan. 2021. We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study at four randomly selected high schools. Seven hundred seventy-three adolescent students participated, with 384 from Gorodola and 389 from Wadara districts, Guji zone Ethiopia. The data was collected using 34 self-administered questions and analyzed using descriptive, t-test, and linear regression models. The study found that only 44.2% of all the participants had good knowledge, 46.1% had good attitudes and 35.4% had good utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services. Respondents from Wadara High School had significantly higher mean knowledge scores (49.3% vs. 44.2%, p < 0.01) than those of Gorodola High School. There was no significant difference in mean utilization scores between case and compare (45.08% vs. 37%, p > 0.01). Adolescents who were not communicated on SRH matters, previously utilized FHS, and visited Friendly Health facilities were associated with poor utilization of sexual and reproductive health services. Wadera High School adolescents have better Sexual and reproductive health knowledge and utilization than Gorodola high schools. Community public health care providers in Wadara District explain the outcome through their contributions. Within the context of inherent disadvantage in the school environment setting, there is a need to improve sexual and reproductive health education with a greater emphasis on school girls.