Dermatological Injuries Research Articles

A Five-year Consumer Protection Database Study Yielded Emergent Demographic and Dermatological Condition Information Associated with Rock Climbing for One Hundred and Sixty-Six Patients

Introduction: Rock climbing is a popular activity that poses various injury risks, including falls, equipment failures, physical stress from climbing, and contact with falling objects. We aimed to quantify emergent dermatological injuries and conditions Methods: We used the NEISS database that collates data from over 100 emergency rooms and applied filters to analyze rock climbing injury and skin condition data from 2019 and 2023 for demographics, anatomical location, and types of injuries and conditions. Results: A total of 166 patient vignettes with 186 injuries were included. The majority of the climbers with dermatological injuries were male (64%), with the most common injuries found to be contusions or abrasions (n = 109) and the most common injury sites being the upper extremities (n = 61) and the head/neck (n = 50). Discussion: These results emphasize the need for targeted preventive measures to reduce the incidence of dermatological injuries among rock climbers, considering that the severity and impact of these injuries can be significant (e.g., lacerations) and prevalent in cosmetically sensitive areas (head/neck). Additional research should also be performed at ambulatory and outpatient settings to identify less emergent dermatological conditions associated with the sport and allow for appropriate guidance for those conditions.

54781 The impact of race on pediatric dermatologic injuries in childcare and educational institutions

54781 The impact of race on pediatric dermatologic injuries in childcare and educational institutions

Aquatic Antagonists: Dermatologic Injuries From Sea Urchins (Echinoidea).

Sea urchin injuries are common following accidental contact with sharp sea urchin spines. Immediate manifestations of injury include local erythema, pain, and myalgia. Failure to remove the spines from the skin may result in delayed systemic reactions, secondary infection, granulomas, and-if joint spaces are involved-inflammatory or infectious synovitis and arthritis. The majority of severe complications can be avoided if the spines are fully removed from the skin soon after injury, which can be difficult. This article aims to bring awareness to the myriad complications from sea urchin injuries as well as the mechanisms for successful spine removal.

Injuries and Associated Factors in Swedish Sporting and Utility Trial Dogs—A Cross-Sectional Study

Canine sporting competitions, e.g., agility, obedience, rally obedience, and utility trials, e.g., protection, tracking, search, and messenger, are physically and mentally demanding disciplines. This study aimed to describe the types and frequencies of injuries experienced amongst Swedish sporting and utility trial dogs and to explore associations between discipline, breed, sex, neuter status, age, and injury history. Dog handlers provided information on competition-level dogs (n = 1582) through a cross-sectional survey. The overall proportion of dogs sustaining any injury during their lifetime, whether it was during competition, training, or outside of sport, was 58.7% (n = 928). Muscular, joint, and dermatologic injuries were most commonly reported and the most common injury locations were the thoracic, lumbar and lumbosacral spine, paw, head, shoulder, and stifle. According to multivariate analysis, Border Collie (adjusted OR 1.93), Belgian Malinois (adjusted OR 2.51) and higher age at the time of report (adjusted OR 1.81–9.67) increased the odds of injury history. Our results provide more understanding of injuries in sporting and utility dogs and contribute to injury prevention strategies that potentially enhance canine welfare.

Photo protection and its relationship with skin injuries in outdoor workers

Introduction: occupational and recreational activities are the most important causes of exposure to solar radiation, the cumulative effect of which could lead to the development of skin cancer.Objective: determine dermatological injuries associated with sun protection among outdoor workers in the Provincial Municipality of Huánuco in 2023.Methods: an analytical observational study of a census nature was carried out. The instrument used was validated through five expert evaluations, obtaining a Kappa index of 0,94. The reliability of the instrument was evaluated using the α-Cronbach coefficient of 0,68 and Kuder-Richardson 20 of 0,69. The sample included 300 subjects. The techniques used were behavioral observation, interviews and surveys. The statistical analysis consisted of the use of Chi2.Results: a statistically significant association (p < 0,05) was found between sociodemographic variables, hours of sun exposure, and sun protection practices. However, there was no association between dermatological injuries and sun protection practices in workers exposed and not exposed to solar radiation (p > 0,05).Conclusion: dermatological injuries were observed due to solar radiation exposure in both groups, including those engaged in outdoor activities and those with minimal sun exposure

Description of Twenty-Nine Animal Hoarding Cases in Italy: The Impact on Animal Welfare.

The hoarding of animals is a psychiatric disease, characterized by a compulsive collection of animals, with a relevant impact upon the care and welfare of animals, as well as on human society. In Italy, there are neither substantial reports nor information shared about such a phenomenon, making it difficult to draw a clear picture of the hoarder profile. Therefore, in the present work, we sought to detail 29 cases of animal accumulators in Italy, who lived within two areas of the Lazio region, and accumulated a total of 1080 animals from 2019 to 2022. In line with other international studies, we observed a prevalence of middle-aged (in their fifties) women, who lived mainly alone in a high level of social and health degradation. Most of the hoarded animals exhibited severe signs of dehydration and malnutrition, muscle hypotrophy, dermatological injuries, and behavioral disorders. Animal hoarding is not yet fully understood nor recognized as a psychosocial disorder, although it produces a deep suffering for the hoarder themselves, as well as corresponding family members, and the animals accumulated. Therefore, given the crucial impact of animal hoarding upon human and animal welfare, cross-cultural networks aimed at properly raising awareness of the problem could be established.

Polymers and Bioactive Compounds with a Macrophage Modulation Effect for the Rational Design of Hydrogels for Skin Regeneration.

The development of biomaterial platforms for dispensing reagents of interest such as antioxidants, growth factors or antibiotics based on functional hydrogels represents a biotechnological solution for many challenges that the biomedicine field is facing. In this context, in situ dosing of therapeutic components for dermatological injuries such as diabetic foot ulcers is a relatively novel strategy to improve the wound healing process. Hydrogels have shown more comfort for the treatment of wounds due to their smooth surface and moisture, as well as their structural affinity with tissues in comparison to hyperbaric oxygen therapy, ultrasound, and electromagnetic therapies, negative pressure wound therapy or skin grafts. Macrophages, one of the most important cells of the innate immune system, have been described as the key not only in relation to the host immune defense, but also in the progress of wound healing. Macrophage dysfunction in chronic wounds of diabetic patients leads to a perpetuating inflammatory environment and impairs tissue repair. Modulating the macrophage phenotype from pro-inflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2) could be a strategy for helping to improve chronic wound healing. In this regard, a new paradigm is found in the development of advanced biomaterials capable of inducing in situ macrophage polarization to offer an approach to wound care. Such an approach opens a new direction for the development of multifunctional materials in regenerative medicine. This paper surveys emerging hydrogel materials and bioactive compounds being investigated to induce the immunomodulation of macrophages. We propose four potential functional biomaterials for wound healing applications based on novel biomaterial/bioactive compound combination that are expected to show synergistic beneficial outcomes for the local differentiation of macrophages (M1-M2) as a therapeutic strategy for chronic wound healing improvement.

Effects of Dermatan Sulfate from Marine Invertebrate Styela plicata in the Wound Healing Pathway: A Natural Resource Applied to Regenerative Therapy.

Acute and chronic dermatological injuries need rapid tissue repair due to the susceptibility to infections. To effectively promote cutaneous wound recovery, it is essential to develop safe, low-cost, and affordable regenerative tools. Therefore, we aimed to identify the biological mechanisms involved in the wound healing properties of the glycosaminoglycan dermatan sulfate (DS), obtained from ascidian Styela plicata, a marine invertebrate, which in preliminary work from our group showed no toxicity and promoted a remarkable fibroblast proliferation and migration. In this study, 2,4-DS (50 µg/mL)-treated and control groups had the relative gene expression of 84 genes participating in the healing pathway evaluated. The results showed that 57% of the genes were overexpressed during treatment, 16% were underexpressed, and 9.52% were not detected. In silico analysis of metabolic interactions exhibited overexpression of genes related to: extracellular matrix organization, hemostasis, secretion of inflammatory mediators, and regulation of insulin-like growth factor transport and uptake. Furthermore, in C57BL/6 mice subjected to experimental wounds treated with 0.25% 2,4-DS, the histological parameters demonstrated a great capacity for vascular recovery. Additionally, this study confirmed that DS is a potent inducer of wound-healing cellular pathways and a promoter of neovascularization, being a natural ally in the tissue regeneration strategy.

Trauma-related Musculoskeletal And Dermatological Injuries Among World Championship Ironman-distance Triathletes

Ironman-distance triathlons are multisport endurance events with rigorous demands and injury risk. Although injury profiles of triathletes have been reported, studies investigating injuries related to traumatic events are few and limited by self-reported injuries, small sample sizes, and inconsistent injury definitions. PURPOSE: To determine and characterize musculoskeletal and dermatological trauma-related injuries among world championship Ironman-distance triathletes. METHODS: A retrospective study of 3,646 standardized medical tent records from 2008-2019 was performed. Medical records were documented by nurses and physicians at a single Ironman-distance championship competition and descriptive statistics were utilized to evaluate demographics, injury frequency, and injury type. Chi-Squared analyses were used to compare the frequency of non-trauma and trauma-related injuries during different race segments. RESULTS: In total, 217 athletes presented to the medical tent with trauma-related injuries, an incidence of 59.5 per 1000 athletes. Musculoskeletal (n = 51), dermatologic (n = 119), or a combination of both injuries (n = 47) were common among trauma-related injuries. The most common musculoskeletal pathologies were musculoskeletal pain (37.3%), joint injuries (24.1%), and fractures (14.5%). The most common dermatologic injuries were abrasions (53.3%), lacerations (10.1%), and contusions (9.2%). Trauma-related injuries were predominantly localized to the shoulder (23.5%), head (18.0%), and hip/groin (13.8%). The cycling segment of the race had significantly more trauma-related injuries than the running and swimming segments (χ2 (2) = 116; 18.15 p < .001). Within our analytic sample, 79 athletes did not finish the race, of which 17 (4.7 per 1000 medical encounters) were transferred to the hospital. No statistical significance was observed among sex and age as risk factors for trauma-related injuries. CONCLUSION: Though most trauma-related incidents are often unavoidable during ultra-endurance competition, increased awareness of specific musculoskeletal and dermatological injuries is crucial. These injuries are somewhat common and occur most commonly during the cycling segment of triathlon races.

Persistent Overactive Cytotoxic Immune Response in a Spanish Cohort of Individuals With Long-COVID: Identification of Diagnostic Biomarkers.

Long-COVID is a new emerging syndrome worldwide that is characterized by the persistence of unresolved signs and symptoms of COVID-19 more than 4 weeks after the infection and even after more than 12 weeks. The underlying mechanisms for Long-COVID are still undefined, but a sustained inflammatory response caused by the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in organ and tissue sanctuaries or resemblance with an autoimmune disease are within the most considered hypotheses. In this study, we analyzed the usefulness of several demographic, clinical, and immunological parameters as diagnostic biomarkers of Long-COVID in one cohort of Spanish individuals who presented signs and symptoms of this syndrome after 49 weeks post-infection, in comparison with individuals who recovered completely in the first 12 weeks after the infection. We determined that individuals with Long-COVID showed significantly increased levels of functional memory cells with high antiviral cytotoxic activity such as CD8+ TEMRA cells, CD8±TCRγδ+ cells, and NK cells with CD56+CD57+NKG2C+ phenotype. The persistence of these long-lasting cytotoxic populations was supported by enhanced levels of CD4+ Tregs and the expression of the exhaustion marker PD-1 on the surface of CD3+ T lymphocytes. With the use of these immune parameters and significant clinical features such as lethargy, pleuritic chest pain, and dermatological injuries, as well as demographic factors such as female gender and O+ blood type, a Random Forest algorithm predicted the assignment of the participants in the Long-COVID group with 100% accuracy. The definition of the most accurate diagnostic biomarkers could be helpful to detect the development of Long-COVID and to improve the clinical management of these patients.

Obstacle Course Events: Hazards and Prevention Measures.

This article reviews hazards associated with obstacle course events (OCEs) like the Spartan Race and Tough Mudder, which are becoming increasingly popular, and provides strategies to mitigate these hazards. In seven studies, the overall weighted incidence of participants seeking medical care during OCEs was only 1.4% with ~6% of these requiring higher level medical care at a hospital. Nonetheless, 27% of participants self-reported =1 extremity injury. Common OCE medical problems included sprains/strains and dermatological injuries (abrasions/laceration/blisters); the ankle and knee were common injury locations. There are reports microorganism infections during OCEs, associated with ingestion of contaminated water and mud. On military obstacle courses, ~5% were injured, but this activity has the highest injury rate (injuries/hour of training) of all major testing or training activities. Ankle sprain risk can be reduced with proprioceptive training and prophylactic ankle bracing. Knee injury risk can be reduced with exercise-based programs that incorporate various components of proprioceptive training, plyometrics, resistance exercises, stretching, and shuttle/bounding running. Reducing abrasions and lacerations involve wearing low friction clothing, gloves, and prophylactic covering of skin areas prone to abrasions/lacerations with specific protective materials. Reducing blister likelihood involves use of antiperspirants without emollients, specialized sock systems, and covering areas prone to blisters with paper tape. Reducing infections from microorganism can be accomplished by protective covering open wounds, rinsing off mud post-race, and avoiding ingestion of food and drink contaminated with mud. These chiefly evidence-based injury and illness prevention measures should minimize the risks associated with OCEs.

Epidemiology of Injury and Illness Among Trail Runners: A Systematic Review

Trail running is characterised by large elevation gains/losses and uneven varying running surfaces. Limited information is available on injury and illness among trail runners to help guide injury and illness prevention strategies. The primary aim of this review was to describe the epidemiology of injury and illness among trail runners. Eight electronic databases were systematically searched (MEDLINE Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, SportsDiscus, CINAHL, Health Source: Nursing/Academic, Health Source: Consumer Ed., and Cochrane) from inception to November 2020. The search was conducted according to the PRISMA statement and the study was registered on PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42019135933). Full-text English and French studies that investigated injury and/or illness among trail runners participating in training/racing were included. The main outcome measurements included: trail running injury (incidence, prevalence, anatomical site, tissue type, pathology-type/specific diagnosis, severity), and illness (incidence, prevalence, symptoms, specific diagnosis, organ system, severity). The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using an adapted Downs and Black assessment tool. Sixteen studies with 8644 participants were included. Thirteen studies investigated race-related injury and/or illness and three studies included training-related injuries. The overall incidence range was 1.6-4285.0 injuries per 1000h of running and 65.0-6676.6 illnesses per 1000h of running. The foot was the most common anatomical site of trail running injury followed by the knee, lower leg, thigh, and ankle. Skin lacerations/abrasions were the most common injury diagnoses followed by skin blisters, muscle strains, muscle cramping, and ligament sprains. The most common trail running illnesses reported related tothe gastro-intestinal tract (GIT), followed by the metabolic, and cardiovascular systems. Symptoms of nausea and vomiting related to GIT distress and dehydration were commonly reported. Current trail running literature consists mainly of injury and illness outcomes specifically in relation to single-day race participation events. Limited evidence is available on training-related injury and illness in trail running. Our review showed that injury and illness are common among trail runners, but certain studies included in this review only focused on dermatological injuries (e.g. large number of feet blisters) and GIT symptoms. Specific areas for future research were identified that couldimprove the management of trail running injury and illness.

The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks from a dermatology perspective: A remembrance

The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, caused a significant loss of life and resulted in injuries, plus other health issues that continue to plague many survivors and responders to this day. With the 20th anniversary of this tragedy approaching, this contribution looks at the dermatologic injuries suffered on the day of the attacks, including burns and lacerations, along with the chronic skin conditions that have afflicted survivors and responders during the nearly two decades since. These chronic illnesses include sarcoidosis, autoimmune disease, ill-defined skin lesions and irritation, nonmelanoma skin cancer, and melanoma. We also recognize the heroism of first responders who struggled to save the lives of those injured at the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, many of whom have suffered health consequences that continue to have lasting effects on them and on the people they treated.

Burden of Injury and Illness in the Road Race Medical Tent: A Narrative Review.

To summarize the literature relating to prehospital care at 5 km through marathon distance road races and present the epidemiology of common medical encounters, significant medical complications, and medical outcomes. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for the published literature pertaining to road race medical tent encounters at 5 km through marathon distance road races from 2000 to 2018. We included English-language, original articles reporting on injury and illness incidence. Standard medical encounter definitions have recently been formulated in response to the previous lack of uniform definitions. The incidence of medical complications at road races may be influenced by environmental conditions and race distance. Minor and moderate medical encounters, such as dermatologic injuries, musculoskeletal injuries, and exercise-associated collapse, are common. Serious and life-threatening medical complications, including exertional heat stroke, exercise-associated hyponatremia, and cardiac arrest, are less frequent. Fatalities are also rare, with rates of 0.3 to 5 per 100 000 participants reported at marathons. The ratio of hospital transports to medical encounters is low. On-site medical services play a key role in the safety of both runners and the community. Future research and care initiatives in this field should focus on optimizing treatment protocols, promoting injury prevention efforts and reducing host community costs.

English

Regardless of the significant growth of ultra-marathon trail-running races over the last 40 years, epidemiological research is lacking. Presently, no review paper exists that integrates the empirical surveillances of ultra-marathon trail runners&rsquo; injuries and illnesses. The purpose of this work is to integrate the empirical findings of injuries and illness among trail runners during the period 2007-2016. An electronic database search was conducted using Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, Ebscohost, Biomed, CINAHL, Embase and Sabinet according to PRIMSA guidelines. The search identified a high injury and illness prevalence among ultra-marathon trail runners. Unfortunately, the injury and illness definition adopted by the studies was heterogeneous, which makes quantifying literature challenging. It is recommended that a homogenous definition of ultra-marathon trail-running injury and illness be drafted. The most prevalent injuries were dermatological (foot blisters, subungual hematoma, chafing and lacerations) followed by musculoskeletal (plantar fascia, ankle, Achilles tendon, knee, lower back and thigh). Common medical illnesses include muscle damage, fatigue, cramps, and cardiorespiratory dysfunction. South Africa hosts a very busy trail-running calendar, but one epidemiological investigation has been conducted among its runners and none in its neighbouring African countries. It is recommended that more quantitative and qualitative investigations be undertaken. Key words: Ultramarathon trail, musculoskeletal injury and illnesses, dermatological injuries of ultramarathon trail runners. &nbsp

EVALUATION AND TREATMENT OF MOUTH CONDITIONS IN ONCOLOGIC PATIENTS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS (ICU)

It was evaluated and followed the mouth situation of oncologic patients in intensive care units, it was applied the right treatment of each patient, correlating results of oral hygiene with infections oral cavity, showing that specialized oral care in ICU keep the hygiene and health of the hospitalized patient. The hygiene was made with chlorhexidine 0.12% non-alcoholic. In the patients that presented oral injuries, the treatment was made by using an anti-inflammatory compound, VEGELIP associated to triancionoloma. Low-density laser was used to achieve epithelization. To the dry mouth it was used artificial saliva. In those who has shown high level of oral dryness, it was used dexpantenol with vitamins A, D, E, alantoine, highly recommended to dermatologic injuries, as a healer. The numbers of patients studied was 347 between the years of 2014/2015. It was found the following oral alterations: aphthous stomatitis, mucositis, bleeding fissures, dental biofilm, periodontal disease, dry lips and dry mouth. Three was an improvement in the health state in all cases. The monitoring of the patients by the odontologic team in The ICU and the observation after they left, has shown fundamental importance in the improvement of the systemic health of the patients.

The Mediterranean recluse spiderLoxosceles rufescens(Dufour, 1820) (Araneae: Sicariidae) established in a natural cave in Thailand

Abstract Loxosceles rufescens (Dufour, 1820), the Mediterranean recluse spider, is a cosmopolitan species with toxic venom which can occasionally cause dermatological injuries in humans. Here, we report the finding of L. rufescens through intensive survey and exploration of six natural limestone caves in the western region of Thailand. These data provide the first direct evidence of L. rufescens living in large numbers in a natural habitat outside of their native Mediterranean range. Although the currently known distribution of L. rufescens in Thailand is quite narrow (the spiders were only found in one of the six caves explored), data on their biology and local habitat preferences are provided to better understand the colonization requirements of this species in the target area.

The Impact of Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Dermatological Injuries on Nutritional Intake and Hydration Status During Ultramarathon Events.

BackgroundDebilitating gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) and dermatological injuries (DI) are common during and after endurance events and have been linked to performance decrements, event withdrawal, and issues requiring medical attention. The study aimed to determine whether GIS and DI affect food and fluid intake, and nutritional and hydration status, of ultramarathon runners during multi-stage (MSUM) and 24-h continuous (24 h) ultramarathons.MethodsAd libitum food and fluid intakes of ultramarathon runners (MSUM n = 54; 24 h n = 22) were recorded throughout both events and analysed by dietary analysis software. Body mass and urinary ketones were determined, and blood samples were taken, before and immediately after running. A medical log was used to monitor symptoms and injuries throughout both events.ResultsGIS were reported by 85 and 73 % of ultramarathon runners throughout MSUM and 24 h, respectively. GIS during MSUM were associated with reduced total daily, during, and post-stage energy and macronutrient intakes (p < 0.05), whereas GIS during 24 h did not alter nutritional variables. Throughout the MSUM 89 % of ultramarathon runners reported DI. DI during MSUM were associated with reduced carbohydrate (p < 0.05) intake during running and protein intake post-stage (p < 0.05). DI during 24 h were low; thus, comparative analyses were not possible. Daily, during running, and post-stage energy, macronutrient and water intake variables were observed to be lower with severity of GIS and DI (p < 0.05) throughout the MSUM only.ConclusionsGIS during the MSUM, but not the 24 h, compromised nutritional intake. DI presence and severity also compromised nutrient intake during running and recovery in the MSUM.

Probiotic yoghurt and incidence of diarrhoea in children: A double blind, randomised, controlled trial

Probiotic yoghurt and incidence of diarrhoea in children: A double blind, randomised, controlled trial

The impact of gastrointestinal symptoms and dermatological injuries on nutritional intake during extreme endurance events

The impact of gastrointestinal symptoms and dermatological injuries on nutritional intake during extreme endurance events