Derivational Affixes Research Articles

A new type of linguistic sign

Abstract A new type of morphological expressive linguistic means and the corresponding linguistic sign are described: metasemy1 — an expressive linguistic means that is an operation on the signified of the target lexeme; and metasemy2 — a sign whose signifier is a metasemy1. Thus, the English metasemy2 painting , when applied to a human proper name, such as, e.g., Turner, produces a derived lexeme, in this case, painting (Turner) = [a] Turner ‘[a] painting by Turner’ (I have seen two excellent Turners). A formal description of the Russian metasemy2 pomeščenie ‘place2’ is presented, based on the analysis of the Russian phrase u otca ‘at father’s’ = ‘at father’s place2’, where the underlying lexeme otec ‘father’ and the derived lexeme pomeščenie (otec) are involved, the meaning ‘place2’ being expressed by the metasemy2 pomeščenie . The English and French translational equivalents of this phrase, Eng. at father’s and Fr. chez le père, are shown to have different organizations: in at father’s, the meaning ‘place2’ is carried by the ’s-form, and in chez le père, by the preposition chez. A tentative list of known Russian metasemies2 is supplied, as well as the similar lists for English and French. A metasemy2 always expresses a metonymic semantic relation between the underlying lexeme and the resulting derived lexeme; it is a derivational morphological means, parallel to derivational affixes. Metasemy2 seems to exist universally.

Derivational Suffixes Analysis Found in “Every Summer After” Novel by Carley Fortune

This study specifically concentrated on conducting an in-depth analysis of the various types of derivational suffixes. Derivational affixes were one of the most interesting topics to analyze, as they influence the formation of words from simple to complex ones. The data used in this analysis was sourced from the novel "Every Summer After" by the esteemed author Carley Fortune. Carley Fortune is a #1 Canadian national bestseller and has been honored with an award for her exceptional work as a journalist and author. This data was meticulously examined through the application of a qualitative analytical method. The research findings have been thoroughly explored using both formal and informal explanations. The analysis was based on Plag's theory (2003) and supported theory up by Carstairs-Mccarthy's theory (2002). This comprehensive approach helped in understand the findings in depth. This comprehensive linguistic analysis of the novel meticulously identified four distinct types of derivational suffixes: nominal, verbal, adjectival, and adverbial. The results revealed a notable prevalence of nominal suffixes, a total of 249 instances, and a smaller number of verbal suffixes, amounting to just 3 instances. Furthermore, this study found 96 instances of nominal suffixes, 86 instances of adverbial suffixes, and 64 instances of adjectival suffixes in the text. This thorough analysis provides a detailed examination of the intricate language intricacies found within Fortune's novel. Furthermore, it enhances the overall understanding of how derivational morphology is utilized in contemporary literature.

Afiks Derivasional Pembentuk Nomina Deverbal Bahasa Arab dalam Buku Qira’atu ar-Rasyidah Jilid 1

This research is purposed to find out how the process of derivational affixes forming Arabic deverbal nouns from the Qira'atu Ar-Rasyidah Volume 1 book and what grammatical meanings arise from it. The book is a textbook at the Gontor Islamic Boarding School and its affiliates which is unique either by the story plot or the grammar. Data collection focuses on 20 texts that are familiar to beginner-level students. The data were then analyzed using the distributional method supported by the ultimate constituent analysis technique. This research results presented with informal techniques. There are 31 data of derivational affixes forming deverbal nouns in the selected texts of this book. Derivational affixes that appear based on the letter of the formers include infixes marked with the letter ا /alif/, prefixes marked with the letter م /mim/, and confixes marked with م-ة /mim-ta marbut}ah/. These affixes give rise to new grammatical meanings of the original verb, namely subjective nouns (isim fa'il), masdar nouns (isim mas}dar), objective nouns (isim maf'ul), and locative nouns (isim makan).

Lexical Morphology as a Source of Risk and Resilience for Learning to Read With Dyslexia: An fNIRS Investigation.

We examined the neurocognitive bases of lexical morphology in children of varied reading abilities to understand the role of meaning-based skills in learning to read with dyslexia. Children completed auditory morphological and phonological awareness tasks during functional near-infrared spectroscopy neuroimaging. We first examined the relation between lexical morphology and phonological processes in typically developing readers (Study 1, N = 66, Mage = 8.39), followed by a more focal inquiry into lexical morphology processes in dyslexia (Study 2, N = 50, Mage = 8.62). Typical readers exhibited stronger engagement of language neurocircuitry during the morphology task relative to the phonology task, suggesting that morphological analyses involve synthesizing multiple components of sublexical processing. This effect was stronger for more analytically complex derivational affixes (like + ly) than more semantically transparent free base morphemes (snow + man). In contrast, children with dyslexia exhibited stronger activation during the free base condition relative to derivational affix condition. Taken together, the findings suggest that although children with dyslexia may struggle with derivational morphology, they may also use free base morphemes' semantic information to boost word recognition. This study informs literacy theories by identifying an interaction between reading ability, word structure, and how the developing brain learns to recognize words in speech and print. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25944949.

Affixmaxxing or the emergence of new derivational affixes in online discourse: A construction morphology approach

Affixmaxxing or the emergence of new derivational affixes in online discourse: A construction morphology approach

An Analysis of Ogba Derivational Affixes

This study describes the analyses of derivational affixes in Ọgba Language. It particularly examines the derivational operations (role) of affixes in the Language. It shows how certain grammatical ideas or notions like reduplication, prefixation and suffixation, interfixation, prefix and miscellaneous coinages and derivative tone are marked by affixes in Ọgba. Some of the derivative affixes (morphemes) in the language used to arrive at this are as follow: e̩, a, I, o, o̩, u, m, n marking different coinages. Other linguistics processes affected by morphological operations in the language include the derivation of the noun and verb with interfix; coping the consonant of the verb root to construct partial reduplication and tone as derivative morphemes. We believe that this research work would be significant in the development of the Ọgba language, and most pertinently, increase the zeal for the preservation of the language in Rivers State and Nigeria in general.

Against semantic features: the view from derivational affixes

This paper builds a systematic argument against the existence of semantic features, although these would in principle conform with the understanding of features in Chomsky (1995) as instructions to the interfaces, to the Conceptual-Intentional Interface in this case. I first lay out their superfluous character as well as their redundancy in separationist / realisational approaches, and in non-lexicalist models of grammar, more generally. Under the assumption that lexical meaning in natural language is mediated by grammatical structure containing roots, (purely) semantic features would inevitably be restricted to “non-lexical” elements only, i.e. those derivational affixes that encode rich conceptual content. This makes the positing of semantic features methodologically suspect and, ultimately, redundant.Accordingly, the rich content of derivational affixes, which can involve pretty much any nominal concept (as in Acquaviva 2009) from ‘profession’, ’tree’, and ‘place’ to body parts, will be argued not to be encoded in terms of semantic features. On the contrary, this paper makes the case for derivational affixes not belonging to a unitary syntactic category, with some derivational affixes actually being roots interpreted in particular structural contexts, as has been argued already since De Belder (2011). The chapter closes by offering a taxonomy of the elements that grammar manipulates and sketches the division of labour between root structures and formal features.

Реализация диминутивных значений глаголами с суффиксом -el(n) в современном немецком языке

The paper describes unprefixed diminutive verbs with the suffix -el(n) in modern German from the perspective of the interconnection between their semantics and pragmatics. The aim of the research is to identify the primary actualizations of diminutive meanings by the analyzed units. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the first attempt to thoroughly analyze the influence of a derivational affix (the German suffix -el(n)) on the development of diminutive semantics within the semantic structure of a verb. Additionally, the authors expand the understanding of the diminutiveness category by considering notions such as intensity and iterativity. As a result of conducting a corpus analysis of German verbs with the suffix -el(n) that manifest diminutive meanings, it was found that affixational means of expressing diminutiveness primarily possess a semantic nature and mainly mark the category of intentionality of verbs. It was also found that the meanings of diminutiveness in some derivatives ending in -el(n) are explicit only through various shades of attenuation, derived solely from the pragmatic content of verbal lexemes, simultaneously conveying implicit evaluative information about the action.

TYPES OF DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES FOUND IN BBC NEWS ARTICLES

This study entitled types of derivational affixes found in BBC News articles. The data in this study are the intricate words found in some of the BBC News articles. The purpose of this study is to concentrate on exploring the types of the derivational affixes from the data found in some of the BBC News articles. This study used qualitative and observation methods to analyze the data. The data in this study were identified using the main theory offered by Katamba (1993) and supporting theory by Carstairs and McCarthy (2002) proposed to solve the topic presented in this study. The result of this study is that 100 data can be found from BBC News articles that containing derivational affixes. In this research, prefixes and suffixes are the two forms of derivational affixes. This study found 7 types of prefixes with the value of 12% such as re-, al-, en-, un-, im-, ir-, dis-. Therefore, there are 17 types of suffixes that found in the data source with the value of 88% such as -ous, -ment, -ly, -tion, -al, -en, -able, -ness, -y, -ence, -er, -ful, -less, -ity, -ship, -ive, and -ation.

Some Notes on Indonesian Word Formation: A Study Based on the Derivational Morphology Approach

This study aimed to provide an in-depth analysis of the complex process of word formation in the Indonesian language using the principles of derivational morphology. The study examined the intricate mechanisms of creating new words and highlighted the various processes and patterns that contributed to forming new lexemes. By extensively categorizing and analyzing the different types of derivational affixes and their roles in generating words, this investigation aimed to contribute to a deeper understanding of the Indonesian language and its linguistic evolution. The findings showed (1) the intricate details regarding the changes in the use of affixes such as in prefix {di-} and colloquial suffix {al-}, the semantic transformation of words such as the words that were marked by prefix {per-}, and how societal attitudes and perceptions had influenced language evolution such as in colloquial suffix {-ken} despite the standard suffix {-kan}; and (2) the functions and communicative effectiveness of derived lexemes in the Indonesian language had revealed that they played a crucial role in communication by contributing to discourse cohesion such as in the form of {seru} and {menarik}. The results of this study were expected to shed new light on the underlying mechanisms of word formation in the Indonesian language and provide a valuable reference for linguists and language researchers to explore the nuances of this language further.

Types of Presupposition and Derivational Affix in the Novel Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen

<p>The aim of the research is 1) to analyze and clarify types of presupposition found in the Novel Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen. 2) to analyze derivational affixes found in Novel Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen. The research method is descriptive qualitative. The data of this research is gained from the novel which found 40 data of presupposition and 50 data of derivational affix. Analysis is fulfilled with each of the utterance is divided and distributed into six kind of presupposition, and every word/base that contain derivational affix is divided and distribute to nine affixation process explained by tree diagram. The result of the research is the Existential Presupposition is the first mostused with amount 11 data out of 40 data. Existential Presupposition has 27,5% in dialogue. Verb to Noun is the most dominant derivational affix process with total 12 data out of 50 data getting 24% portion.</p>

Analysis Of Derivational Affixes Found In Sentences Written By The Efl Students Of Tadulako University

The objectives of this study were to find out the most dominant and the most difficult function of derivational affixes in the sentences written by the students, and also to know the factor that influences students difficult to use the function of derivational affixes. The design of this study was quantitative descriptive with population were the 5th semester students of English education study program of Tadulako University who have taken the Morphology subject. The sample of this study was 151 students of the 5th semester students used simple random sampling technique. The instruments to collect the data were test and questionnaire. The result of the data analysis show that: (1) the most dominant function of derivational affixes used by the students was verbal suffix –ize that has function to change noun become verb, (2) the most difficult function of derivational affixes used by the students was the suffix -wise as the adverbial suffix that attached to a noun to form an adverb, (3) there were two factors influencing the students difficult in using the function of derivational affixes which was internal factor.

MORPHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF AFFIXES IN IMAGINE DRAGONS LYRICS

This study was implemented to analyze the form of affixes’ changes in three Imagine Dragons songs as a study source for intermediate English students. This study applied qualitative corpus analysis initially the data results are presented in tabular form. Indeed, presented a detailed description of the data found. This research used document analysis to collect data where documents were taken from electronic form specifically at the website address lirikterjemahan.id. The results of this study show 39 words that have an affixation process in three songs, 35 (89,7%) inflectional affixes, and 4 (10,3%) derivational affixes were found. First, inflectional affixes do not change the part of speech but change the grammatical function belonging to the suffix –s as plural, -es as plural, -‘s as possessive, -ing as progressive (continuous), and -ed as past. Second, derivational affixes that can change the part of speech belonging to noun suffixes change the word to a noun in the suffix –ness, -dom, -er, and adjective suffixes change the word to an adjective in the suffix -less.  Keywords: Morphology, Derivational affixes, Inflectional affixes, Song lyric

Can Learners Understand Words with Derivational Affixes and Does Presence of Context Make a Difference?

Language teachers need to be aware of the factors that influence their students’ comprehension of second language words. This study explores: (a) whether learner knowledge about base words and knowledge about their corresponding derivational forms (DF) is significantly different: and (b) if the presence or absence of context influences the relative difficulty of related DF. A meaning-recall test format was used to measure the knowledge about various forms of five high frequency base words ( accept, help, move, operate and read) among a cohort of 150 tertiary-level Japanese English as a foreign language learners. Two hypotheses are tested: (a) that there would be a strong interdependence between learner knowledge about base words and DF (with single and multiple affixes) from the same word family; and (b) that DF presented in context would be easier for learners than those presented without context. Results suggest that for these target words among this cohort, each hypothesis should be rejected. Specific pedagogical recommendations for the development of knowledge about DF among L2 learners are provided. The discussion addresses the importance of classroom teachers refining the heuristics used to guide pedagogy and that the strategic collection of learner data via formative assessment is crucial to this process.

MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES IN THE SHORT STORY OF WINTER BREAK BY HILARY MANTEL

This paper aimed to explore derivational affixes, more specifically the types of derivational affixes and the functions of the derivational affixes in the story of Winter Break, which was written by Hilary Mantel. The exploration of the affixes is important to conduct because it would assist learners of English in enriching their vocabulary items. This study was quantitative descriptive. The researchers collected complex words from the story and analyzed their derivational affixes. Results showed that there existed 54 occurrences of words containing derivational affixes. 3 of the 54 words contained 3 types of prefixes, namely in-, un-, pre-, and the remaining 51 words contained 20 suffixes such as -er, -ed, -y, -ly, -ion, -hood, -ment, -al, -ing, -tion, -ish, -ness, -ous, -ity, -ful, -ary, -age, -cal, -less, -able. Four functions of derivational affixes were identified in the short story of Winter Break, namely, noun formation with 16 occurrences (29.6%), adjective formation with 24 occurrences (44.4%), adverb formation with 13 occurrences (24.1) and verb formation with only 1 occurrence (1.9%). Because the Winter Break narrative uses a lot of noun descriptions, which means that adjectives are employed to modify nouns, the adjective construction occurred the most frequently. The verb formation is the least common as the majority of the verbs in the Winter Break story are past tense; as a result, these verbs are categorized as inflectional affixes rather than derivational verbs, which is beyond the purview of this study.

An Analysis of Inflectional and Derivational Affixes on Psalms Chapters 1-10 From the Bible King James Version

The objective of this study is to identify the inflectional and derivational affixes present in Psalms chapters 1-10 of the King James Version, and to examine the manner in which these affixes are processed. This study employs a qualitative research approach characterized by a descriptive design. When examining the data, the author emphasizes the inflectional and derivational affixes found in the King James translation of the Bible, as outlined by Katamba's theory (1993:40) that states "derivation and inflection are two distinct methods of constructing words." The word formation mechanisms mentioned here can be categorized into two primary types of affix morphemes: derivational affixes and inflectional affixes. The study identified a total of 49 derivational affixes, consisting of 10 prefixes (8.20%), 39 suffixes (31.59%), and 73 inflectional affixes (59.84%). According to the findings of this study, the processing of inflectional affixes is more prevalent than that of derivational affixes when examining the text of Psalms in the King James translation, namely chapters 1-10. The dominance of the suffixes -ed/-d/-ied is due to the prevalence of past tense sentences in the text. This study can serve as a valuable resource for lecturers, particularly those teaching morphology, since it provides clear differentiation between roots and affixes, enabling a comprehensive understanding of the word formation process and the significance of affixes. This study can assist other scholars in analyzing the formation of derivational and inflectional affixes and their processes. This study can serve as a valuable resource for studying vocabulary and word building. Additionally, the study has broader implications, serving as a foundational reference for morphology education, linguistic analysis, and interdisciplinary studies. It enriches our understanding of the linguistic characteristics of the King James Bible, offering insights into the intricate dynamics of word formation within religious texts.

Derivational Affixes in English and Arabic Words: The Process of Word Formation

This article discusses the process of derivational affixation in both English and Arabic. It aims to describe the affix derivation process, which results in changes in the meaning of some words attached by affixes. This is a qualitative research and all examples of words attached by affixes come from books, dictionaries, and other sources. The data collection results show that English and Arabic are very productive in the formation of new words when these words are attached by affixes, which can also cause changes in meaning. The obvious distinction between English and Arabic is in the root word. In Arabic, all basic words are verbs, whereas in English, the basic words that affixes can attach to are verbs, nouns, and adjectives.

Derivational morphology in Modern Greek

Abstract Derivational morphology is an umbrella term used for concatenative and non-concatenative processes for the formation of new lexemes. In Modern Greek, derivational morphology is one of the major morphological processes along with compounding and inflection. In recent years, research on derivational morphology has evolved rapidly. We present here the state-of-the-art on the recent advances in the derivational morphology of Modern Greek. First, we present affixational derivation by focusing on the main features of the derivational affixes used in Modern Greek and then we present the non-concatenative derivational processes. We also discuss the main theoretical issues related to derivational morphology, that is, constraints, competition and productivity of derivational patterns, and the main theoretical approaches to Modern Greek derivational structures. Finally, we present some general themes of derivational morphology, including the relationship between derivation and other morphological processes and the role of derivational morphology in scientific terminology, language teaching/lexicography and psycholinguistics. We aim to contribute to better understanding of how morphology works by highlighting the potential of research on derivational morphology in Modern Greek.

Analysis of Derivational Affixes in “Sempiternal” Album by Bring Me The Horizon

This study focuses on the analysis of derivational affixes in the lyrics of the album "Sempiternal" by Bring Me The Horizon. Morphology, a branch of linguistics, examines the study of word formation and the creation of new words in different languages. The research aims to identify and classify the types of derivational affixes used in the album. The study adopts a descriptive qualitative method, and the data collection involves searching for song lyrics, reading and noting down words with affixes, and selecting relevant data. The findings reveal the presence of both prefixes and suffixes in the album, with a total of 162 derivational affixes.

Inflectional and Derivational Affixes on Song Lyrics in Justin Bieber’s Justice Album

ABSTRACT In the field of linguistics, morphology is known which includes morphemes which are the smallest components of language, namely bound morphemes and free morphemes. In this study, bound morphemes including inflectional and derivational affixes are used. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the process of word formation and classify the types of inflectional and derivational affixes in song lyrics on Justice Justin Bieber's album. This research used descriptive qualitative. The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling. Using the data analysis method, the researchers collected data through the Spotify application that contains inflectional and derivational affixes in each song's lyrics. The findings in this study showed that there are 88 words in the data table on song lyrics of Justin Bieber's Justice Album. Thus, the data contains 60 words in inflectional, 22 words in derivational (suffixes) and 6 words in derivational (prefixes) affixes used. Researchers can show readers, teachers and other researchers that learning a language is not enough just by listening to songs.