Depth Charts Research Articles

Use of the Web API as a basis for obtaining the latest data on bitcoin prices at 30 exchange places

Bitcoin has become a commodity traded by millions of traders from all over the world. This is one of the causes of fluctuating price movements. From the data we got on coinmarketcap, Bitcoin is traded on various cryptocurrency trading exchanges. And at every exchange that has a reputation, of course, has an API service to access historical data about the price movements of all the crypto commodities they have traded from the start. By using the PHP programming language and implementation of the CURL function for JSON readings, we can pull Bitcoin movement data in real time. In this paper, Bitcoin is specifically observed because it is the forerunner and the main cryptocurrency commodity traded and is a determinant of Alternative coin price movements in general. In this paper Bitcoin price monitoring is carried out at 30 reputable exchange places through API access provided by each exchange place. Furthermore, conclusions are drawn about the various variants of how to access the API from the 30 bitcoin exchange places. The program code that is displayed directly in this paper can then be used as an initial reference if you want to develop a Cryptocurrency price movement monitoring application for Bitcoin. At the end of the paper, an example of the application of Bitcoin price monitoring will be presented using a web-based application containing charts and supporting indicators as well as a telegram bot to display price depth charts.

Hydro-Sedimentary Study of a Tidal River: Case Study of the Arvand River in Iran

Abstract The present field study investigated hydraulic and sediment in tidal conditions. Measurements were made for two stations at neap tide and spring tide for 13-hour periods at no-dimensional depths of 0.2, 0.6 and 0.8 of the water level each time. In these measurements, the parameters of velocity, direction of flow, electrical conductivity, temperature and depth were measured directly, and to determine the amount of suspended sediments per hour, 3 samples of one litre from the mentioned depths were measured by the instantaneous vertical sampler and taken to a laboratory. An examination of the depth charts of the suspended sediments concentration for all stations, and in both the neap tide and the spring tide, showed that, in general the suspended sediments concentration increased with increasing depth. Moreover, the deep distribution of sediments concentration showed that the values obtained in the laboratory corresponded well with the values calculated from the Rouse equation, and as the depth increases, the sediments concentration usually increases.

Long-Distance Path Planning for Unmanned Surface Vehicles in Complex Marine Environment

Many missions require unmanned surface vehicles to operate in complex environments over large distances. Marine environments are dynamic in nature and change over time as a result of tides, weather, and environmental restrictions. As a result, the available free traversal space for a marine vehicle in the given map can change over time. This requires the marine vehicle to dynamically generate and update the traversal map to represent the free space. This paper presents techniques for speeding up A* search on the nodes of visibility graphs. We use a quadtree representation of the marine environment to enable the algorithm to efficiently compute the nodes of the visibility graphs. We have developed an admissible heuristic that considers the large islands while estimating cost-to-go, and provide better estimates than a Euclidean distance-based heuristic. Due to the large size of the marine environment, the branching factor of the search tree can become large and reduce the efficiency of the path planner. We have developed an approach that focuses the search by only considering the child nodes lying in the local region around each node. Our experiments demonstrate that by focusing the search, we can reduce the computational time without significantly sacrificing the optimality of the computed path. We also present an extension to the algorithm for handling dynamic environments with time-varying free spaces. We incorporated the depth charts developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Silver Spring, MD, USA, along with the tide predictions to estimate the time-varying free space that can be used by the planner.

North Pacific’s Very Wide Warm Poleward Surface Flow in Summer

Two independent SST atlases are compared for the western tropical North pacific by means of their monthly mean charts. Good agreement is found in three cases involving the 80 F isotherm in the ship-injection temperature atlas and the 25 C isotherm in the BT atlas. From winter to summer the area between the equator and the particular isotherms doubles in size while the SST variation inside the areas is small. Also the average northward speed of the isotherms is the same: about 15 cm/sec. Mixed layer depth charts in the BT atlas strengthen an earlier prediction that in the spring and summer of every year excess absorbed solar radiation is advected out of the tropics toward the sub-polar regions, pushed by a downward slope to the north in sea level set up by thermal expansion in the deep and long surface layer trough described earlier. This is the main result of the paper.

Control charts based on parameter depths

• Depth charts monitor the depth of a statistic over rational samples of a process. • Parameter depths assess the fit of a parameter estimations to a historical dataset. • The zonoid depth evaluates the fit of the sample mean of a multivariate process. • The ( μ, σ )-depth is used for joint monitoring of location and scale. Control charts are designed to monitor on-going production processes by tracking subsequent samples of the production using some statistic of a quality characteristic. We propose to track the parameter depths of estimates of a parameter by means of depth (D)-charts, or the associated depth-based ranks by means of r -charts. More precisely, given a general parameter (e.g. mean, standard deviation or pair given by mean and standard deviation) and some historical data of the production, the parameter depth of an estimate of the parameter on new samples of the production with regard to the historical data is computed. The process is considered to be out-of-control when the depth of the estimate of the parameter falls below some given threshold (control limit). Some control limits of specific D-charts are obtained under the assumption of normality of the quality characteristic.

Game Times and Higher Winning Percentages of West Coast Teams of the National Football League Correspond With Reduced Prevalence of Regular Season Injury.

Brager, AJ and Mistovich, RJ. Game times and higher winning percentages of west coast teams of the National Football League correspond with reduced prevalence of regular season injury. J Strength Cond Res 31(2): 462-467, 2017-West coast teams of the National Football League are more statistically likely to win home night games against east coast opponents. The alignment of game times with daily rhythms of alertness is thought to contribute to this advantage. This study aims to determine whether rates of turnovers and injuries during the regular season, putative measures of mental and physical fatigue, impact winning percentages. Regular season schedules and rates of turnovers for each of the 32 teams were obtained from Pro-Football-Reference. We developed our own metric of injury risk for each position obtained from depth charts and regular season schedules. This metric compared cumulative weeks on injury reserve with cumulative time zone travel. West coast teams traveled 4 times as often as east coast teams. However, teams traveling eastward won twice as many games. There was no relationship between the extent and direction of travel and number of turnovers. Losing teams had more turnovers. The offensive and defensive lines in Central Time (CT) were placed on injury reserve 4 times as often as offensive and defensive lines in Pacific Time (PT). Injury prevalence in CT vs. PT was most prominent midseason. Plotting midseason game time relative to biological time revealed that PT teams play games closer to endogenous peaks in alertness, whereas CT teams play games closer to endogenous troughs in alertness. Overall, closer alignment of game time with the endogenous "alerting" signal may protect west coast teams from fatigue-related injuries and suggests for modified strength and conditioning programs.

The influence of sex, age and body mass index on facial soft tissue depths

Facial soft tissue depth charts are used in the majority of forensic facial approximation methods. In the past, based on the multitude of available soft tissue depth charts, a number of hypotheses were advanced concerning the impact of sex, BMI and age on the depth of tissues. In this study, for the first time, a multivariate analysis was performed on a large-scale study on Caucasian adults to determine the "real" impact of these attributes. The calculation of a robust multiple linear regression of soft tissue thickness versus BMI, age and sex for each landmark separately, allowed us to study the impact from a statistical as well as practical point of view. Former findings were re-evaluated. Additionally, the results confirm the dominant role of BMI in the alterations of facial soft tissue thickness. However, excluding age and sex from the equation should be considered with care and can certainly not be applied to all landmarks. Finally, the regression equation allows increase in the specificity of tissue depths used in real cases by offering practitioners the possibility of calculating individual tissue depths.

Presence of Connecting Channels in the Western Scheldt Estuary

To predict the effects of dredging operations in the Western Scheldt estuary, insight into the morphological behaviour of its channels is needed. The estuary features two large main channels that meander alongside each other and that are linked by smaller connecting channels. These connecting channels originate from water level differences between the two main channels. Three hydrodynamic mechanisms are investigated that are responsible for generating such water level differences: (1) differences in tidal wave propagation along two neighbouring main channels, (2) centrifugal forces, and (3) Coriolis forces. The magnitude of the three mechanisms is analytically assessed based on channel geometry, which is derived from historical depth charts. The analysis demonstrates a large temporal variability of the water level differences due to tidal wave propagation, mainly as a function of changes in the depth ratio between the two main channels. Conversely, both the centrifugal effect and the Coriolis effect are relatively constant over time. The temporal evolution of the connecting channels can therefore primarily be attributed to the wave propagation mechanism. A correlation analysis reveals a linear relationship between connecting channel dimensions and the net water level differences produced by the three processes. The relationship suggests that dredging operations may significantly influence the evolution of connecting channels by changing the depth ratio between the two main channels. The proposed future deepening of the navigation channel is therefore expected to induce a decline in the size, or even a total disappearance, of connecting channels in some parts of the estuary.

Geostatistical modelling (3D) of the stratigraphic unit surfaces of the Gulf of Lion western margin (Mediterranean Sea) based on seismic profiles

Abstract The purpose of this study is to build efficiently and automatically a three-dimensional geometric model of the stratigraphic units of the Gulf of Lion margin on the basis of geophysical investigations by a network of seismic profiles, using geostatistics. We want to show that geostatistics can produce unbiased maps of the morphology of submarine stratigraphic units, and furthermore that some specific features of these units can be found, that classical manual mapping may ignore. Depth charts of each surface identified by seismic profiling describe the geometry of these units. The geostatistical approach starts with a statistical analysis to determine the type and parameters of the variograms of the variable “depth” of each identified surface. The variograms of these surfaces show that they are mostly non-stationary. We therefore tried the following two non-stationary methods to map the desired surfaces : (i) the method of universal kriging in case the underlying variogram was directly accessible; (ii) the method of increments if the underlying variogram was not directly accessible. After having modelled the variograms of the increments and of the variable itself, we calculated the surfaces by kriging the variable “depth” on a small-mesh estimation grid. The depth charts of each surface calculated with the geostatistical model are then interpreted in terms of their geological significance, which makes it possible to suggest hypotheses on the influence of major processes, such as tectonics and rivers (Rhône, Hérault, etc.) on the sedimentary structure of the gulf of Lion margin. The added value of geostatistics for this interpretation is emphasized. These unusual geostatistical methods are capable of being widely used in earth sciences for automatic mapping of “non-stationary” geometric surfaces, i.e. surfaces that possess a gradient or a trend developing systematically in space, such as piezometric or concentrations surfaces.

Large-scale in-vivo Caucasian facial soft tissue thickness database for craniofacial reconstruction

A large-scale study of facial soft tissue depths of Caucasian adults was conducted. Over a 2-years period, 967 Caucasian subjects of both sexes, varying age and varying body mass index (BMI) were studied. A user-friendly and mobile ultrasound-based system was used to measure, in about 20 min per subject, the soft tissue thickness at 52 facial landmarks including most of the landmarks used in previous studies. This system was previously validated on repeatability and accuracy [S. De Greef, P. Claes, W. Mollemans, M. Loubele, D. Vandermeulen, P. Suetens, G. Willems, Semi-automated ultrasound facial soft tissue depth registration: method and validation. J. Forensic Sci. 50 (2005)]. The data of 510 women and 457 men were analyzed in order to update facial soft tissue depth charts of the contemporary Caucasian adult. Tables with the average thickness values for each landmark as well as the standard deviation and range, tabulated according to gender, age and BMI are reported. In addition, for each landmark and for both sexes separately, a multiple linear regression of thickness versus age and BMI is calculated. The lateral asymmetry of the face was analysed on an initial subset of 588 subjects showing negligible differences and thus warranting the unilateral measurements of the remaining subjects. The new dataset was statistically compared to three datasets for the Caucasian adults: the traditional datasets of Rhine and Moore [J.S. Rhine, C.E. Moore, Tables of facial tissue thickness of American Caucasoids in forensic anthropology. Maxwell Museum Technical series 1 (1984)] and Helmer [R. Helmer, Schädelidentifizierung durch elektronische bildmischung, Kriminalistik Verlag GmbH, Heidelberg, 1984] together with the most recent in vivo study by Manhein et al. [M.H. Manhein, G.A. Listi, R.E. Barsley, R. Musselman, N.E. Barrow, D.H. Ubelbaker, In vivo facial tissue depth measurements for children and adults. J. Forensic Sci. 45 (2000) 48–60]. The large-scale database presented in this paper offers a denser sampling of the facial soft tissue depths of a more representative subset of the actual Caucasian population over the different age and body posture subcategories. This database can be used as an updated chart for manual and computer-based craniofacial approximation and allows more refined analyses of the possible factors affecting facial soft tissue depth.

Profilgewinn. Karten der Atlantischen Expedition (1925–1927) der Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft

One of the prestigious projects of the “Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft”, the German association promoting the sciences after World War I, was the “German Atlantic Expedition” aboard theMeteor (1925–1927), which became famous for systematically sounding and charting a large part of the South Atlantic Ocean’s floor. Focussing on two examples of theMeteor’s depth charts, the profile and the map, the paper claims that these visualizations of ocean depth not only gave evidence of Germany’s unbroken scientific excellence: they also acquired symbolic meaning within the German after-war struggles to regain lost colonial territory. The charts created public space for the revaluation of the German nation by visually constituting a new spatial realm of German influence. The paper investigates the production and function of visual depth evidence by tracing how the depth profile and map developed from single depth measurements into coherent and authentic pictures, which allowed for conceptualizing the abstract data volume of acceanographic space in terms of newly procured national grounds.

Estimating the Depth of Stratigraphic Units from Marine Seismic Profiles Using Nonstationary Geostatistics

The object of this study is to build a three-dimensional (3D) geometric model of the stratigraphicunits of the margin of the Rhone River on the basis of geophysical investigations by a networkof seismic profiles at sea. The geometry of these units is described by depth charts of eachsurface identified by seismic profiling, which is done by geostatistics. The modeling starts bya statistical analysis by which we determine the parameters that enable us to calculate thevariograms of the identified surfaces. After having determined the statistical parameters, wecalculate the variograms of the variable Depth. By analyzing the behavior of the variogramwe then can deduce whether the situation is stationary and if the variable has an anisotropicbehavior. We tried the following two nonstationary methods to obtain our estimates: (a) Themethod of universal kriging if the underlying variogram was directly accessible. (b) Themethod of increments if the underlying variogram was not directly accessible. After havingmodeled the variograms of the increments and of the variable itself, we calculated the surfacesby kriging the variable Depth on a small-mesh estimation grid. The two methods then arecompared and their respective advantages and disadvantages are discussed, as well as theirfields of application. These methods are capable of being used widely in earthsciences forautomatic mapping of geometric surfaces or for variables such as a piezometricsurface or aconcentration, which are not “stationary,” that is, essentially, possess a gradient or a tendencyto develop systematically in space.

Variation of snow water resources in northwestern China, 1951–1997

An observation study is carried out on snow mass amount estimate in northwestern China by using microwave derived snow depth charts employing data from SMMR in conjunction with daily snow depth, density and snow cover duration records for 46 ground climate stations. Spatial patterns, seasonal cycle, and interannual variation of snow cover an discussed. Results show that snow cover is the second largest water supply over the arid northwestern China, and unlike most other areas in the world, northwestern China did not experience any decrease in snow cover since 1987. Secular trends reveal syetematic increase in snow mass and durations. Analysis of snow cover-climate relationship indicates that gradual hcmase in snow cover is primarily in response to increase in snow season precipitation.

Therapy‐resistant periodontitis (I). Clinical and treatment characteristics

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical criteria for classification of 2 different patient groups. From retrospective comparisons of pocket probing depth (PPD) charts, we classified 22 patients as either non-responding or responding to periodontal treatment. The non-responding patient group, in comparison with the responding patient group, showed a profile over time of less PPD reduction in response to periodontal treatment. Information registered in each patient's file regarding clinical periodontal conditions, as well as treatment procedure characteristics, was gathered. Bivariate analyses were performed. 3 clinical variables (frequency of mean PPD > or = 6 mm during the treatment period; at final registration; and the mobility score at the final registration) indicated that 2 separate patient groups had been identified. Although the patient groups exhibited advanced periodontitis at the beginning of treatment, both groups at the end of treatment had lost very few (1-2) teeth, probably as a result of regular supportive treatment. The characteristics of the selected clinical criteria warrant the use of these 2 patient groups in further analysis of the relation of psychosocial stress and microbiological characteristics of therapy-resistant periodontitis.

5225282 Biodegradable magnetic microcluster comprising non-magnetic metal or metal oxide particles coated with a functionalized polymer

A large-scale study of facial soft tissue depths of Caucasian adults was conducted. Over a 2-years period, 967 Caucasian subjects of both sexes, varying age and varying body mass index (BMI) were studied. A user-friendly and mobile ultrasound-based system was used to measure, in about 20 min per subject, the soft tissue thickness at 52 facial landmarks including most of the landmarks used in previous studies. This system was previously validated on repeatability and accuracy [S. De Greef, P. Claes, W. Mollemans, M. Loubele, D. Vandermeulen, P. Suetens, G. Willems, Semi-automated ultrasound facial soft tissue depth registration: method and validation. J. Forensic Sci. 50 (2005)]. The data of 510 women and 457 men were analyzed in order to update facial soft tissue depth charts of the contemporary Caucasian adult. Tables with the average thickness values for each landmark as well as the standard deviation and range, tabulated according to gender, age and BMI are reported. In addition, for each landmark and for both sexes separately, a multiple linear regression of thickness versus age and BMI is calculated. The lateral asymmetry of the face was analysed on an initial subset of 588 subjects showing negligible differences and thus warranting the unilateral measurements of the remaining subjects. The new dataset was statistically compared to three datasets for the Caucasian adults: the traditional datasets of Rhine and Moore [J.S. Rhine, C.E. Moore, Tables of facial tissue thickness of American Caucasoids in forensic anthropology. Maxwell Museum Technical series 1 (1984)] and Helmer [R. Helmer, Schädelidentifizierung durch elektronische bildmischung, Kriminalistik Verlag GmbH, Heidelberg, 1984] together with the most recent in vivo study by Manhein et al. [M.H. Manhein, G.A. Listi, R.E. Barsley, R. Musselman, N.E. Barrow, D.H. Ubelbaker, In vivo facial tissue depth measurements for children and adults. J. Forensic Sci. 45 (2000) 48–60]. The large-scale database presented in this paper offers a denser sampling of the facial soft tissue depths of a more representative subset of the actual Caucasian population over the different age and body posture subcategories. This database can be used as an updated chart for manual and computer-based craniofacial approximation and allows more refined analyses of the possible factors affecting facial soft tissue depth.

Fronts, stratification, and mixing in Long Island and Block Island sounds

Spatial patterns of bulk stratification in Long Island and western Block Island sounds observed near the fall equinox of 1978 show a strong correlation (r = 0.79) with contours of the h/U3 stratification index derived from tidal stream and depth charts. The index delineates stratified, transitional, and mixed regions with apparent good accuracy, with the marginally stratified frontal zones being characterized by log10 h/U3 ∼ 1.5 m−2 s3. These results and theoretical considerations suggest that the index may be a useful parameter in corroborating and predicting frontal boundaries in other moderately stratified estuaries where local buoyancy fluxes are derived from fresh water sources.

Depth Charts of the Cumbrian Lakes

Depth Charts of the Cumbrian Lakes

BOOK REVIEWS

Aquaculture ResearchVolume 7, Issue 3 p. 63-63 BOOK REVIEWS First published: August 1976 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1976.tb00191.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Book reviews in this article: Stillwater Trout Fisheries: A Guide to Reservoirs, Lakes and Other Still Waters in England and Wales, by H. F. Wallis (Ed.). Depth Charts of the Cumbrian Lakes, by A. E. Ramsbottom. Volume7, Issue3August 1976Pages 63-63 RelatedInformation

The sedimentary trough of the Rhine graben

Accurate knowledge of the sediments in the Rhine graben is not only essential for proper corrections of geophysical data but it provides the main tool to reconstruct the development of the graben in time and space. A large number of borehole data and reflexion seismic results have been made available by mining and oil prospecting companies. Depth charts of the basis of Tertiary sediments of different Mesozoic layers and sometimes of the surface of the crystalline basement have been designed. Longitudinal and cross sections of the trough show tectonic features in detail e.g. the north-south tilting, the basins and sills within the rift, the existence of deeper depressions at the edges of the rift. Aeromagnetic and gravity data are used for additional evidence.

COMPUTATION CHARTS FOR LINEAR INCREASE OF VELOCITY WITH DEPTH

Computation charts are presented which reduce or eliminate calculations of correlation and wave‐front depth charts. A series of depth charts are made for particular values of the velocity increment solving the time‐depth relation for all possible initial velocities of the equation [Formula: see text] From these charts, the average velocity‐depth curves are obtained, and also the velocity function to be used on a project determined from velocity shooting by comparison to the theoretical average velocity‐depth curves. For wave‐front depth charts, a series of families of curves are plotted for the full range of velocity increments and all initial velocities for the equations of the instantaneous center of the wave front, [Formula: see text] and the radius of the wave front, [Formula: see text] The relation between k and [Formula: see text] for a range of times is plotted, and therefrom the value of [Formula: see text] obtained for the particular velocity increment for the solution of the equation [Formula: see text] Finally, curves for a series of tan θ/2 against initial velocity curves are plotted for a series of step out times, and therefrom the value of [Formula: see text] or the angle of dip, θ, is obtained. This latter family of curves can be used to determine the variation of dip with variation in initial velocity in highly folded areas. The latter set of curves is useful for the construction of a time‐step‐out time‐dip‐depth‐offset chart which is used for direct plotting of offset‐depth‐dip positions of reflecting horizons, or as a trace‐analysis underlay chart.