Depression In Middle-aged Women Research Articles

A Study on the Variables Affecting Depression in Middle-Aged Women in Their 50s

A Study on the Variables Affecting Depression in Middle-Aged Women in Their 50s

Prevalence of poor body image and its correlation with self-esteem and depression in middle-aged women

Objective This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of poor body image and its influence on low self-esteem and depression in middle-aged women. Methods The study was a cross-sectional survey of 372 women using a predesigned online questionnaire. Main outcome measures were mean scores on the nine-point body image scale (BIS) and prevalence of poor body image (BIS ≥ 10). Significant sociodemographic, physical and mental health predictors of BIS ≥ 10 were established using logistic regression analysis. Correlation of body image with self-esteem, assessed by Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale, and depression, assessed by Beck’s Depression Inventory, was established using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and the odds ratios were determined using logistic regression analysis. Results The mean scores obtained for body image were 5.52 (standard deviation 4.82) and the prevalence of BIS ≥ 10 was 17.4%. Significant predictors of poor body image were education status (0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.39–0.89), body mass index (2.26, 95% CI = 1.12–4.55), social support structure (0.35, 95% CI = 0.16–0.79), diagnosis of mental illness (3.74, 95% CI = 1.31–10.66) and perception of menopause (positive vs. negative: 0.20, 95% CI = 0.07–0.55). Body image scores correlated with self-esteem (r = −0.46; 95% CI = −0.54 to −0.38) and depression (r = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.52–0.65). BIS ≥ 10 significantly increased the odds of low self-esteem (5.71; 95% CI = 2.66–12.26) and depression (11.25; 95% CI = 4.9–27.7). Conclusions The prevalence of poor body image in middle-aged women was 17.4%. This strongly correlated with low self-esteem and depression. A lower education status, higher body mass index, a negative perception of menopause, poor social support structure and a history of mental health diagnosis increased the odds of poor body image prevalence in middle-aged women.

중년여성의 노화불안과 지각된 스트레스가 우울에 미치는 영향

This study examined the mediating effect of perceived stress in the effect of aging anxiety ondepression in middle-aged women and confirmed whether self-compassion mediates thesemediating effects. To this end, 308 middle-aged women aged 40 to 59 in Korea were measuredfor aging anxiety, depression, perceived stress, and self-compassion. Regression analysis andbootstrapping were used to analyze the data collected in this study through SPSS MacroPROCESS. The research results are as follows: Frist, Perceived stress partially mediated theinfluence aging anxiety and depression. second, The moderating effect of self-compassion wassignificant in the influence perceived stress and depression. Third, self-compassion moderatedthe mediating effect of perceived stress on the relationship between aging anxiety anddepression. Based on these results, we tried to discuss that intervention through self-compassioncan be helpful to reduce depression in middle-aged women in counseling.

P59: Associations Between Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, Physical Activity and Depression in Middle-Aged Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women

Background:Changes in lifestyle factors are known to affect mood. However, there is insufficient evidence supporting the association between smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and depression in middle-aged women who are likely to experience rapid hormonal changes.Methods:We used a nationwide database of medical records in South Korea. 901,721 premenopausal and 943,710 postmenopausal women aged 40 years or older included in this study. Information on smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity was identified from health examination data and followed up for the occurrence of depression using claims data.Results:Compared with never-smokers, ex-smokers and current smokers among premenopausal and postmenopausal women showed an increased risk of depression in a dose-dependent manner (aHR 1.13 for ex-smokers; aHR 1.23 for current smokers). Compared with non-drinkers, mild drinkers showed a decreased risk of depression (aHR 0.98 for premenopausal women; aHR 0.95 for postmenopausal women), and heavy drinkers showed an increased risk of depression both among premenopausal (aHR 1.20) and postmenopausal women (aHR 1.05). The risk of depression due to smoking and heavy alcohol consumption was higher in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal women. Compared with those who had not engaged in regular physical activity, those who had engaged showed a decreased risk of depression both among premenopausal (aHR 0.96) and postmenopausal women (aHR 0.95).Conclusions:Smoking and heavy alcohol consumption increased the risk of depression, and the increased risk was prominent in premenopausal than in postmenopausal women. Regular physical activity decreased the risk of depression both in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

The influence of family function and structure on depression in middle aged women

Background: Depression is both a mood disorder and a chronic illness of public health importance that accounts for a great socioeconomic burden worldwide. The family influences the health beliefs and health related behavior and it is supposed to provide emotional, financial, physical and emotional support during this period. Aim of the study was to assess the influence of family function and structure on depression in middle-aged women. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study. Three hundred and two (302) middle-aged women were recruited by simple random sampling method. Relevant data were collected using pretested interviewer administered questionnaire that incorporated family structure, family APGAR and major depression inventory (MDI). Results: More than half (56%) of the participants had a functional family, 66.2% of them were in a monogamous marriage while 64.7% were from a nuclear family. The prevalence of depression was 5.3%; 31.3% of these were from functional family while 68.7% were from dysfunctional family. There was a significant association between family functionality, spousal characteristics such as wife beating and spousal alcohol use with depression. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression was low amongst married middle-aged women currently living with their spouses while no relationship was noted between family structure and depression. Family assessment especially family functionality is highly recommended in assessing depression.

The relationship between depression and sexual satisfaction: An equation model analysis

BACKGROUND: The relationship between depression and sexual satisfaction in middle-aged women has been reported previously. However, there is insufficient evidence that depression is related to sexual satisfaction or that sexual satisfaction is related to depression. This study evaluated the relationship between depression and sexual satisfaction in middle-aged women by evaluating the equation model analysis of the two models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 middle-aged women in Isfahan, Iran, in 2021. Sexual satisfaction dimensions were evaluated using self-report women's sexual satisfaction questionnaire. Also, the depression scale of the general health questionnaire was used to measure of the depression level. Research data were analyzed using a multivariate linear regression test. Also, the fit of the model was evaluated using Amos software. RESULTS: The results showed that depression score had an inverse relationship with sexual satisfaction in the relational concern dimension (Beta = −0.27, P = 0.006, CI: −0.11 to − 0.86). Model fit evaluation showed that the sexual satisfaction-depression model had a better fit than the depression-sexual satisfaction model (CMIN/DF = 1.123, P = 0.64). CONCLUSION: The results showed that depression in middle-aged women is related to the relational concern. It is necessary to consider counseling programs to solve sexual relationship concerns in middle-aged women's mental health promotion programs.

Effect of Individual Virtual Reality Cognitive Training Programs on Cognitive Function and Depression in Middle-Aged Women: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Given the increasing incidence of early-onset Alzheimer disease, strategies for early diagnosis and swift treatment interventions are crucial for mitigating cognitive problems in women and middle-aged individuals who face a high risk of cognitive impairment. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of individual cognitive training programs based on virtual reality (VR), a nonpharmacological intervention, on cognitive function and depression in middle-aged women at risk of cognitive impairment. It used VR technology, which has recently been recognized as a promising tool. We administered a VR-based cognitive training program for 30 minutes daily, twice a week, for 12 weeks (24 sessions). This study included middle-aged women residing in older adults' welfare facilities in G-gu, Busan, from May to August 2021. A total of 60 participants were randomly divided into the training (n=30) and control (n=30) groups. Cognitive and depressive functions were assessed using the Korean versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (K-MoCA), Digit Span Test (DST), Korean-Color Word Stroop Test (K-CWST), and Short Form of the Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS-K) before the intervention. The training group underwent a VR-based cognitive training program, whereas the control group was educated to maintain regular daily activities. The same assessments were performed 12 weeks after treatment. A comparison of the mean scores before and after K-MoCA in the training group revealed a significant increase from 24.87 (SD 2.62) to 27.50 (SD 1.70; P<.01), indicating substantial cognitive improvement. Similarly, the mean DST forward scores increased significantly from 6.97 (SD 1.10) to 7.90 (SD 1.18; P<.01), suggesting enhanced short-term auditory memory and attention. The mean DST backward scores also showed a significant improvement from 4.10 (SD 0.71) to 4.77 (SD 1.2; P=.01). Notably, the mean SGDS-K scores decreased significantly from 3.97 (SD 2.51) to 2.13 (SD 1.87; P<.01), indicating a reduction in depression within the training group. The VR-based cognitive training programs significantly enhanced cognitive function and reduced depression in middle-aged women. Consequently, these programs are considered beneficial nonpharmacological cognitive training interventions for middle-aged women at high risk of cognitive impairment. UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000049752; https://tinyurl.com/z5du989z.

집단미술치료가 중년여성의 우울과 분노에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of group art therapy on depression and anger in middle-aged women. Six middle-aged women with high psychological depression and difficulty in controlling their anger in social and family life were selected as the subjects of the study. Group art therapy was conducted once a week for 60 minutes 20 times, and the effectiveness verification was pre- and post-analysis with a depression diagnosis scale (BDI) and a state-characteristic anger scale (STAXK-K). Looking at the results of the study, first, as a result of conducting a depression diagnosis scale (BDI) to find out changes in depression in middle-aged women, it was effective in reducing depression scores and psychological changes. Second, as a result of confirming the results of middle-aged women's anger with a state-characteristic anger scale (STAXK-K), it was found that middle-aged women's anger decreased and was stable. Therefore, this study proposes to develop self-esteem and anger control programs, including family counseling, to continuously control pathological depression and anger caused by situational and environmental factors in middle-aged women.

중ㆍ고령 장애 여성의 우울과 영향 요인

Objectives: It is reported that the depression of women with disabilities is higher than that of men with disabilities and people with disabilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the depression level and influencing factors of middle-aged women with disabilities. Method: For this study, the 2020 survey on the disabled was used. The subjects were 2,546 middle-aged and disabled women over the age of 40 who responded to the survey. For data analysis, SPSS Window 26.0 program was used. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and multiple logistic analysis were performed to identify factors affecting depression in middle-aged women with disabilities. Results: In this study, marital status, subjective economic status, disability type, subjective health status, subjective obesity, chronic disease, exercise, stress and suicidal ideation, and self-going ability variables of middle-aged and elderly women with disabilities were found to be related to depression. Factors affecting the depression of middle-aged women with disabilities were analyzed to be marital status, smoking, stress, and suicidal ideation variables. Conclusion: Stress and suicidal ideation should be reduced to effectively reduce depression and improve depression in middle-aged and elderly women with disabilities. And the development and application of health education and programs that can promote mental health are required.

Comparison of Factors Related to Health Behavior for Cardiocerebrovascular Disease Prevention in Middle-Aged Women with and without Depression

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the health beliefs, exercise self-efficacy, and health behavior for cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention in middle-aged women with and without depression.Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional, correlational design using a structured questionnaire. The study participants were 180 middle-aged women aged between 40 and 64 years. The survey was conducted from August to December 2020 in G metropolitan city. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, analysis of covariance, and Pearson correlation coefficients with the SPSS for Windows version 27.0.Results: Among the study participants, 70 (38.9%) were depressed and 110 (61.1%) were not depressed. A statistically significant difference was found in health behavior for cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention, with a score of 2.21 in the depressed group and 2.40 in the non-depressed group (F=5.46, p=.021). Health behavior for cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention was positively correlated with exercise self-efficacy (r=.51, p&lt;.001) in the depressed group and wih health beliefs (r=.49, p&lt;.001) and exercise self-efficacy (r=.42, p&lt;.001) in the non-depressed group.Conclusion: It is necessary to consider the degree of depression in middle-aged women and to prepare strategies to increase exercise self-efficacy while considering health beliefs to promote healthy behavior for cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention.

The Effect of Beauty Channel Diversity on the Decrease of Psychological Depression in Middle-aged Women

This study investigated the effect of beauty channel diversity on the decrease of psychological depression in middle-aged women, between the ages of 40 and 65 living in Busan, and the conclusions are as follows. The physical changes of middle-aged women were found to have an effect on the decrease in self-confidence, and it was found that among women overcoming depression, they felt a lot of happiness after changing their hairstyles. This is considered to be the fastest and most diverse of appearance changes, and recognizes oneself as a more youthful and beautiful part. Among the various channels for obtaining beauty information, the Internet was used the most, which is thought to be due to the popularization of the Internet and real-time use of mobile phones for middle-aged women. In addition, they preferred YouTube channels and TV, and it was found that real information was obtained through videos. Through various beauty channels, middle-aged women were shown to reduce depression by feeling and imitating the urge to imitate. Therefore, this study will be a data that can help to find various methods for overcoming the psychological depression of middle-aged women and provide information to related industries.

Associations Between Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, Physical Activity and Depression in Middle-Aged Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women

Background: Changes in lifestyle factors are known to affect mood. However, there is insufficient evidence supporting the association between smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and depression in middle-aged women who are likely to experience rapid hormonal changes.Methods: We used a nationwide database of medical records in South Korea. 901,721 premenopausal and 943,710 postmenopausal women aged 40 years or older included in this study. Information on smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity was identified from health examination data and followed up for the occurrence of depression using claims data.Results: Compared with never-smokers, ex-smokers and current smokers among premenopausal and postmenopausal women showed an increased risk of depression in a dose-dependent manner (aHR 1.13 for ex-smokers; aHR 1.23 for current smokers). Compared with non-drinkers, mild drinkers showed a decreased risk of depression (aHR 0.98 for premenopausal women; aHR 0.95 for postmenopausal women), and heavy drinkers showed an increased risk of depression both among premenopausal (aHR 1.20) and postmenopausal women (aHR 1.05). The risk of depression due to smoking and heavy alcohol consumption was higher in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal women. Compared with those who had not engaged in regular physical activity, those who had engaged showed a decreased risk of depression both among premenopausal (aHR 0.96) and postmenopausal women (aHR 0.95).Conclusions: Smoking and heavy alcohol consumption increased the risk of depression, and the increased risk was prominent in premenopausal than in postmenopausal women. Regular physical activity decreased the risk of depression both in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Sexual Function and Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged Women with LongLasting Type 1 Diabetes – A Cross-Sectional Study

Background &amp; aim: Women and men with diabetes, type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) develop complications in small and large blood vessels as well as in nerve pathways over time. In men, erectile dysfunction is a well-documented complication. However, sexual dysfunction in women with different types of diabetes is less studied. Sexual dysfunction is associated with lowered health-related quality of life and depression. The aim of the study was to investigate self-reported sexual function and signs of depression in middle-aged women with long-lasting T1D. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study including the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) together with background questions was designed. The sample was women aged 45-66 with T1D for at least 15 years, identified from clinical medical records at four hospitals in southern Sweden. Descriptive statistical analysis of background factors, depression, and self-reported sexual dysfunction, as well as correlation and regression analysis, are presented. Results: A total of 212 women completed the questionnaire, mean age 54.1 (SD: 5.83), mean years with T1D 36.2 (SD: 11.42). Almost half of the women had sexual dysfunction (45.2%; FSFI &lt; 26.55, max 36) and the mean full score was 23.73 (SD: 10.57). The FSFI domains are desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain. Symptoms of depression measured by PHQ-9 were reported by 39.8%. A low FSFI was significantly associated with severe depression (p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: Problems with sexual dysfunction and depression in middle-aged women with long-lasting T1D are common and may be unreported unless addressed in clinical care. Nurses could start asking women about problems with lubrication and vaginal pain in relation to sexual activity. Lubricants or local estrogen therapy could prevent those problems. Routinely assessing depressive status is equally important in improving quality of life for women with T1D.

중년기 여성의 우울감 해소를 위한 불교치유적 접근

중년기 여성의 우울감 해소를 위한 불교치유적 접근

The Effect of Menopausal Symptoms & Self Esteem on Depression in Middle Aged Women

The Effect of Menopausal Symptoms & Self Esteem on Depression in Middle Aged Women

Mediating effect of a health-promoting lifestyle in the relationship between menopausal symptoms, resilience, and depression in middle-aged women

We explored the mediating effect of a health-promoting lifestyle in the relationship between menopausal symptoms, resilience, and depression in middle-aged women. The participants in this study were 176 Korean middle-aged women. Mediation analysis was performed according to the Baron and Kenny method and using the Sobel test. There were significant correlations between the menopausal symptoms, resilience, and depression. The health-promoting lifestyle had a direct mediating effect in the relationship between menopausal symptoms and depression. In this study, the menopausal symptoms of middle-aged women had a significant influence on their resilience and depression via their health-promoting lifestyle.

Moderating effects of stress coping on bereavement stress and depression in middle-aged women

본 연구는 중년여성의 사별스트레스와 우울과의 관계에서 스트레스 대처의 조절효과를 알아보고 사별스트레스 관리 향상을 위한 교육 방안 등 중재에 기초자료를 마련하는데 연구의 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 S시, I시, C시 및 G도에 거주하는 남편, 부모, 자녀, 형제의 사별을 경험한 40세∼64세의 중년여성 301명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 사별경험이 있는 중년여성은 사별스트레스와 우울감이 있었으며, 적극적인 스트레스 대처로 우울감이 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 이에 효과적 사별가족 관리를 위한 대상별 사별 돌봄 전략을 개발하고 지역사회에서 연계기관과 협력하여 전문적 사별스트레스 관리를 제공함으로 그들의 삶의 질 향상에 기여 할 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 본 연구는 횡단적 단일시점의 조사연구이었으므로 이후 연구에서는 보다 다양한 설계와 종단적인 연구가 필요하다고 본다.The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of stress coping on bereavement stress and depression in middle - aged women and to provide basic data for intervention such as educational plan to improve bereavement stress management. For this purpose, 301 middle - aged women between 40 to 64 years who experienced bereavement of husband, parents, children, brothers and sisters living in S, I, and C city and G Province were surveyed. The results of the study showed that middle - aged women with bereaved experience had bereavement stress and depression, and depression was actively reduced by stress coping. Therefore, it is possible to contribute to improvement of quality of life by developing individualized care strategies for effective bereavement family management and by providing professional bereavement stress management in cooperation with relevant agencies in the community. However, since this study was a survey of the single - viewpoint, it is necessary to design more and more for researches in the future.

A Case Study on the Decrease of Depression in Middle-aged Women through the Mandala Technique Combined with Respiratory Meditation

A Case Study on the Decrease of Depression in Middle-aged Women through the Mandala Technique Combined with Respiratory Meditation

중년여성에서 하지불안증후군 증상, 수면장애와 우울과의 관계 연구

중년여성에서 하지불안증후군 증상, 수면장애와 우울과의 관계 연구

The Influence of Health Status and Type of Health Management on Depression in Middle-Aged Women

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the influence of health status and types of health management on depression in middle-aged women. Methods A convenience sample of 188 participants was recruited from health centers in S city. Using a structured questionnaire, data was collected and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and linear regression using SPSS/WIN 23 program. Results Results of the regression analysis showed that perceived current health status (β=-0.55, p<.001), no caregiver (β=0.47, p<.001), chronic diseases lasting more than three months (β=0.36, p<.001), perceived health status compared to peer group (β=0.32, p<.001), walking for health (β=-0.20, p=.002), caregiver except family (β=0.18, p=.001), and gastrointestinal disease (β=0.10, p=.022) influenced depression in middle-aged women. Overall, approximately 69.7% of total variance explained this model (adjusted R2=0.678, F=57.21, p<.001). Conclusion This study suggests that it is more important to understand the level of perceived health status in middle-aged women. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop programs that include various health management methods and strengthen the health care with the help of families and neighbors in order to manage depression in middle-aged women. Keywords: Health status, Health care, Depression, Middle aged Women 주요어: 건강상태, 건강관리형태, 우울, ì¤‘ë „ì—¬ì„±