Dependent Relationship Research Articles

Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Daerah dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi Jambi Tahun 1998-2017

This study aims to analyze the development of regional financial performance and analyze the effect of the regional financial performance of Jambi Province on economic growth before and after regional autonomy. The data used in this empirical study is a secondary data series from 1998 to 2017 originating from the Central Statistics Agency. (BPS) and the Regional Finance Agency of Jambi Province. The analytical method used in this study is descriptive and quantitative analysis. The results of the study explain the existence of a positive and significant relationship between regional independence variables with economic growth variables in Jambi Province. Then, the existence of a negative relationship and significant influence of regional dependence and fiscal decentralization on economic growth The results of the study during the period before the implementation of the regional autonomy policy can be concluded that all independent variables together influence the dependent variable (economic growth). During the period before the implementation of regional autonomy, there were no variables individually which had a significant effect on regional economic growth in the study area. This can be seen from each variable that is not significant at the 5 percent significance level. Then, there are differences in government financial performance in aspects of fiscal efforts after regional expansion, and there are differences in government financial performance in aspects of independence and dependence on financing after regional expansion.

METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF FORMING A COHERENT STUDENT TEAM IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The article reveals the system of basic methods and techniques of forming a student body in vocational education institutions. The team is seen as the ultimate goal of education, as a comfortable environment in which each individual has the opportunity to develop their abilities, implement didactic tasks, to preserve their individuality. By team we mean not a random gathering of people, but one that is united by a common socially significant goal, group activities to achieve this goal, where there are bodies of self-government and coordination and there are relations of responsible dependence.An important place in our study was given to building a system of relationships between the class teacher, assets and members of the study group both horizontally and vertically. In an organized team there should be a relationship of responsible dependence, joint responsibility for the collective cause. On the way to forming a cohesive student body it was important to apply an individual approach to personality, taking into account the individual psychological qualities of each student, creative use of pedagogical ideas of prominent scientists, practitioners to implement results in modern vocational education institutions.

For Better or Worse: A Gendered Outlook of the films The Leisure Seeker and Alaska

ABSTRACT Although much has been written to date on gender equality, on personal liberty within the family, and on the burden of family caregivers of spouses, the manner in which these different aspects intersect and impact each other has gone largely unexamined. How do relationships of power and dependency interact? How do they affect the pursuit of happiness and the ability to maintain personal liberty within the family in times of sickness and poor health? Our analysis is based on a qualitative and comparative effort of two films: The first is Paolo Virzi’s The Leisure Seeker (USA, 2017). The second Zepel Yeshurun’s Alaska (Israel, 2018). The findings allow to identify a model of liberty within the family at old age that consists of three aspects: first, women’s freedom within an oppressive system: the ability of women in unequal conjugal relationships to retain agency, to act, to decide, and to struggle for their beliefs. Second, negative freedom: the struggle of old age couples to fend off over-involvement by concerned family members and caregiving institutions, and to assert their independence. Third, positive freedom: the desire of older couples to pursue happiness despite illness and old age.

SE4SA: a deep syntactical contextualized text representation learning approach for sentiment analysis

Recently, many pre-trained text embedding models have been applied to effectively extract latent features from texts and achieve remarkable performance in various downstream tasks of sentiment analysis domain. However, these pre-trained text embedding models also encounter limitations related to the capability preserving the syntactical structure as well as the global long-range dependent relationships of words. Thus, they might fail to recognize the relevant syntactical features of words as valuable evidences for analyzing sentiment aspects. To overcome these limitations, we proposed a novel deep semantic contextual embedding technique for sentiment analysis, called as: SE4SA. Our proposed SE4SA is a multi-level text embedding model which enables to jointly exploit the long-range syntactical and sequential representations of texts. Then, these achieved rich semantic textual representations can support to have a better understanding on the sentiment aspects of the given text corpus, thereby resulting the better performance on sentiment analysis task. Extensive experiments in several benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness or our proposed SE4SA model in comparing with recent state-of-the-art model.

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Yerel Tersaneler: Lemnos Adası Örneği (1780–1862)

The lifeblood of Lemnos Island is the small shipyard located just at the entrance of the port. In this shipyard, Istanbul's frigate and galleon needs were met. Permanent workers were provided to be employed in shipbuilding on the island. Together with these workers, the timber necessary for shipbuilding material was provided from the forests in the Rumelia Sanjak; iron and nails were provided from Istanbul. Together with this shipyard, the region revived economically. The most common types of ships constructed on the island of Lemnos were the galleon and the frigate, which was a medium-sized warship. The two most important elements for shipbuilding were the personnel to be employed and the materials to be used in the construction of the ship. These two important issues were intertwined with each other. The captain of the ship was held responsible for carrying out these two works. If the ships that were constructed were not finished and sent in a certain time, there was a situation that the ship's material would perish. If the ship could not be finished within the specified time, the material could not. It was constantly mentioned in the documents to bring the materials as soon as possible and to provide the workers. While some of the ships belonging to the navy in Istanbul were constructed as shares, we see that most of them were constructed by the tax collector and voivode, who were in charge of the island administration. The influential factor in the region, who was personally responsible for shipbuilding on the island, was the Voivode Abdulkerim Ağa. Ağa, who was personally responsible for the construction of seven ships in different periods, successfully completed his duties. In our article, the relationship of dependency on Istanbul, which started to change especially in the provincial shipbuilding dockyards during the 18th century, was examined. To the extent possible with archival documents, due to the proximity of Lemnos Island to Istanbul, with the support of the aid received from the capital, the construction of medium-sized ship that the navy needs and the maximum capacity that could be done tried to be explained.

Calibrated Suspended Sediment Observations Beneath Large Amplitude Non‐Linear Internal Waves

AbstractWhile it has been recognized for some time that large amplitude non‐linear internal waves (NLIW) can mobilize and transport sediment, quantitative observations of this process are rare. Rarer still are accompanying estimates of suspended sediment mass concentration (SSC) during the passage of NLIW. Here, we present high resolution observations of NLIW and the SSC response within the bottom boundary layer. The observations were made in 250 m of water in a mildly sloping region of the Browse Basin on Australia’s Northwest Shelf. We compare two independent but direct calibration methods, and employ Bayesian methods to estimate the uncertainty in SSC. During a large NLIW event, the peak mean SSC estimate at 0.49 m above the sea bed was 161 mg L−1, with a maximum time‐rate‐of‐change of 0.14 mg L−1 s−1. The unsteady boundary layer forcing under NLIW resulted in a variable time‐height dependent relationship between bed stress and SSC with increasing height above the sea bed. Suspended sediment was restricted to the bottom mixing layer, with sharp vertical gradients of up to 40 mg L−1 m−1 observed at the edge of the layer. The observations presented here are intended to offer guidance to numerical sediment modelers about likely SSC under strong NLIW.

VIRTUE AND HIERARCHY IN EARLY CONFUCIAN ETHICS

AbstractAaron Stalnaker’s Mastery, Dependency, and the Ethics of Authority proposes a moral vision that reclaims authority and dependency as indispensable conditions for fostering autonomy. Contemporary Western ethics, argues Stalnaker, is mired in faulty thinking about a set of linked concepts that inhibits an appreciation for the ubiquitous fact of human interdependence. The nature of authority is viewed as exclusively coercive, freedom as primarily negative, autonomy as automatically possessed, and equality as incompatible with differentiated appraisal of moral achievement and expertise. Stalnaker retrieves early Confucianism as a corrective because it does not present authority and autonomy in competitive terms. Instead, early Confucianism advocates that properly submitting oneself to the right sort of authority and dependent social relationships is the indispensable path for cultivating autonomy. The article lifts up three attractive claims of the proposal and probes the tension between virtue, hierarchy, and cosmology in early Confucianism.

Electrokinetic flow of fluids with pressure-dependent viscosity in a nanotube

The electrokinetic flow of fluids with pressure-dependent viscosity is investigated through a nanotube. Based on a linear dependent relationship between viscosity and pressure, the axial and radial velocities, pressure, streaming potential, and electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency are obtained by using the perturbation method. The results show the pressure-dependent viscosity effect can enhance the magnitude of streaming potential. In addition, the pressure distribution exhibits obvious nonlinearity for larger pressure-viscosity coefficient. Finally, large pressure-viscosity coefficient results in low energy conversion efficiency. The present asymptotic analytical solutions can be viewed as an effective method for checking the numerical schemes that are developed for flows in more complex situations.

Epitaxial growth by atomic layer deposition and properties of high-k barium strontium titanate on Zintl-templated Ge (001) substrates

This work reports the atomic layer deposition (ALD) and epitaxial growth of 10–12 nm BaxSr1−xTiO3 (x ∼ 0.5) thin films on Zintl-templated Ge (001) substrates, formed with 0.5 monolayers of Ba. The best thin films were grown using two steps. An amorphous 2–3 nm layer was deposited at 225 °C and then was converted to a crystalline film by annealing for 15 min at 650 °C under vacuum to generate the seed layer that had an abrupt interface with the Ge (001) substrate. A 7–10 nm layer was subsequently grown and crystallized at the same conditions as the seed layer. Metal-insulator-semiconductor structures that employed Au electrodes were used to assess leakage currents and dielectric properties. Interfacial effects inherent to the ∼10 nm BaxSr1−xTiO3 films affect the capacitance measurements leading to k of 87 and 140 for 10.9 and 14.6 nm films, respectively. The epitaxial films have high k in the bulk. Using capacitance measurements for BaxSr1-xTiO3 films that are 13–18.4 nm thick, a bulk k of ∼2000 and low interfacial capacitance density (C/A) of ∼100 fF/μm2 were extracted from thickness dependent relationships. The 10 nm films display a high leakage current (∼102 A/cm2 at −1.0 V) that can be reduced (to ∼10−1 A/cm2 at −1.0 V) by capping the film with ∼1 nm Al2O3 using ALD before depositing the Au electrode or by annealing in O2 at 300 °C for 15 min. The thin low-k Al2O3 layer or the GeOx formed during the O2 annealing step, while improving leakage current, introduces a capacitor in series that further reduces the film dielectric constant such that a 9.9 nm Al-capped film and a 9.8 nm O2-annealed film yield dielectric constants of 80 and 41, respectively.

A probabilistic model to evaluate the resilience of unattended machinery plants in autonomous ships

Over the next few years, digitalization and automation are expected to be key drivers for maritime transport innovation to be key drivers for maritime transportation innovation. This revolutionary shift in the shipping industry will heavily impact the reliability of the machinery which is intended to be operated remotely with minimum support from humans. Despite a large amount of research into autonomous navigation and control systems in maritime transportation, the evaluation of unattended engine rooms has received very little attention. For autonomous vessels to be effective during their unmanned mission, it is essential for the engine room understand its health condition and self-manage performance. The unattended machinery plant (UMP) should be resilient enough to have the ability to survive and recover from unexpected perturbations, disruptions, and operational degradations. Otherwise, the system may require unplanned maintenance or the operation will stop. Therefore, the UMP must continue its operation without human intervention and safely return the ship to port. This paper aims to develop a machine learning-based model to predict an UMP's performance and estimate how long the engine room can operate without human assistance. A Random Process Tree is used to model failures in the unattended components, while a Hierarchical Bayesian Inference is adopted to facilitate the prediction of unknown parameters in the process. A probabilistic Bayesian Network developed and evaluated the dependent relationship between active and standby components to assess the effect of redundant units in the performance of unattended machinery. The present framework will provide helpful additional information to evaluate the associate uncertainties and predict the untoward events that put the engine room at risk. The results highlight the model's ability to predict the UMP's trusted operation period and evaluate an unattended engine room's resilience. A real case study of a merchant vessel used for short sea shipping in European waters is considered to demonstrate the model's application.

Association between Endometrial Polyps and Chronic Endometritis: Is It Time for a Paradigm Shift in the Pathophysiology of Endometrial Polyps in Pre-Menopausal Women? Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Chronic endometritis (CE) and endometrial polyps (EPs) are common conditions in reproductive age women. CE is an infectious disorder of the endometrium characterized by signs of chronic inflammation at hysteroscopic and histological analyses. EPs are abnormal endometrial growths containing glands, stroma and blood vessels projecting from the lining of the uterus. During the last years, different authors have investigated the correlation between CE and EPs, with controversial results. The aim of this study was to summarize available evidence on the potential correlation between CE and EPs. Design: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Methods: Observational-studies were identified by searching electronic databases from their inception to September 2021. Only studies on pre-menopausal women were included. Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc 16.4.3 (Ostend, Belgium) and Review Manager version 5.3 (Nordic Cochrane Centre, Cochrane Collaboration). The summary measures were reported as pooled proportion or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). The primary outcome was to evaluate the prevalence of CE in women with EPs. The secondary outcome was to determine the prevalence of CD-138-positive EPs among EPs. Tertiary outcomes were to compare the prevalence of CE in women with EPs versus women with a non-polypoid endometrium and to compare the prevalence of CE in women with a single EP versus women with multiple EPs. Results: Eight observational studies (n = 3225 patients) were included in quantitative synthesis. Pooled prevalence of CE among women with EPs was 51.35% (95% CI, 27.24–75.13%). Pooled proportion of CD-138-positive EPs among EPs was 70.73% (95% CI, 55.73–83.68%). Women with EPs showed higher prevalence of CE compared to women without EPs (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.59–5.95). Women with ≥3 EPs had higher prevalence of CE then women with a single EP (OR 3.43, 95% CI 1.83–6.46). Conclusions: In pre-menopausal women, CE and EPs may have a dependent relationship and may represent two consequent steps of a common pathological process.

Exchange Rate Volatility and Portfolio Flows : A State Dependent and Heterogeneous Relationship, Evidence from Emerging Market Currencies

Exchange Rate Volatility and Portfolio Flows : A State Dependent and Heterogeneous Relationship, Evidence from Emerging Market Currencies

Building Resilience in Our Children for the Aftereffects of COVID-19

Building Resilience in Our Children for the Aftereffects of COVID-19

A cultural studies approach to semantic instability: The case of news translation

This article explores news translation and the semantic instability of politi-cally charged words and their translations. Such pairs are linked in a pa-radoxical relationship of dependence (one is a translation of the other) and independence (they have evolved and continue to evolve within different conceptual horizons). This paper describes a methodology for addressing this phenomenon by considering such pairs as examples of ‘essentially contested concepts’ (Gallie 1956). This methodology derives from a circuit model of culture, and it provides translation studies scholars with tools to describe the dynamic, historically conditioned relationships linking politi-cally charged words, their translations, and their contested, frequently contradictory meanings.

A Psychological Reading of Husband-Wife Relationship in Death of a Salesman

Death of a Salesman written by Arthur Miller premiered in 1949 to critical acclaim and commercial success. Scholars have been paying attention to research on the female characters, the protagonist from the psychological perspective and father-son relationship, none of these works deals with the husband-wife relationship in Death of a Salesman from a psychological aspect.The paper will examine the family competences of Linda and Willy, dissecting the husband-wife relationship combing the psychological motivation. In the first section, through psychological rejuvenation, Linda embodies a natural force of vigor that infuses in Willy the power of warmth. In the psychological interpretation of Death of a Salesman, the relationship between Willy and Linda formed a sharp contrast between psychological pressure and purifying salvation. Willy suffered from relational anxiety, fearful stress, repressive daily, the loss of body, which brought disaster to his wife, Linda, his sons, Biff and Happy. For this reason, the play arranged a comforting character, his wife, Linda, to contrast the relationship between the couple. Concerning the suppressive daily, Willy’s stubborn personality is linked with frustration and depression in pursuing fantasy; his wife, Linda, gives him warm comfort for his empty dreams with her kindness, love, and above all, intelligence. In the case of his sons, Biff and Happy, especially Biff, on whom Willy places high expectations, Linda saved Willy from the relational tension through her pure nature when the sons frustrate Willy; Linda supports Willy and solves the arguments between Willy and sons to ease the tension. When Willy is faced with an unbearable blow from his job, Linda gives him advice on how to solve problems, such as when Willy loses his job, and the wife advises him to understand the boss and how to deal with the problem. The loneness from family and work also leads Willy to have affairs with an unknown woman; Linda tolerates everything and invisibly reminds Willy. It can be said that the relationship between the wife and her husband is a relationship of dependency, the wife attached to her husband in life and emotion.

Parental relationship with children during covid-19 lockdown in Punjab Pakistan

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The Western studies had reported a change in parent child relationship during COVID-19 lockdown. The present study was conducted to assess the parental relationship with children during COVID-19 lockdown in Punjab province of Pakistan.
 METHODOLOGY: The study involved correlational research design. 529 parents from the Punjab province were recruited using a Google Form based questionnaire, which also contained information about the nature of the study and informed consent. The study was conducted from March 2020 to May 2020. The study was duly approved by Research Ethics Committee at The Islamia University of Bahawalpur vide No. REC/B/G-3/2020-S. The participants were required to give their consent for participation in the online study. The Child Parent Relationship Scale (CPRS) was appended to a single questionnaire to collect the data. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 25, was used for statistical analysis. The correlation analysis, t-test, and analysis of variance were used to compute results.
 RESULTS: The study found a statistically significant positive correlation between closeness and dependence and a positive significant but weak correlation of conflict with both closeness and dependence. The mothers had more closeness and dependence with their children as compared to fathers. There were found no age wise differences in a parental relationship for conflicts, closeness, and dependence.
 CONCLUSION: The study concluded that mothers had more closeness and dependence with their children as compared to fathers. Moreover, the age of parents had no effect on their relationship with children.

Manipulating the Dielectric Properties of Crystalline Perovskite Films through Isovalent A-site Cation Substitution

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) offers a viable route for the growth of thin and conformal films over 3-D topographies and is becoming attractive as a method to grow films thin enough, and with sufficient dielectric constants (k), for the fabrication of next-generation dynamic random memories (DRAMs). Through isovalent A-site substitution of Sr for Ba in the ABO3 perovskite the dielectric constant can be tuned to be orders of magnitude greater than either SrTiO3 or BaTiO3 near ambient temperatures. We used ALD to grow thin (≤ 15 nm) Ba x Sr1-x TiO3 (BST) films that are epitaxially integrated to SrTiO3 (001) (STO) and Zintl-templated Ge (001). Films of three compositions, which are x ~ 0.7, 0.5 and 0.3, and thicknesses of 7.8 to 14.9 nm were grown at 1.05 Torr and 225 °C using barium bis(triisopropylcyclopentadienyl), strontium bis(triisopropylcyclopentadienyl), titanium tetraisopropoxide and H2O. Film compositions were controlled by changing cycle ratios (Ba:Sr, Ba:Ti and Sr:Ti) and confirmed by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Films were amorphous as deposited and required post-deposition vacuum annealing at 650-710 °C to crystallize. Epitaxy was confirmed with X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Only BST (00l) out-of-plane diffraction signals were detected. Capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements revealed that BST thin films grown by ALD on STO (001) have dielectric constant values ranging from 210 for Ba0.71Sr0.26TiO3 to 368 for Ba0.48Sr0.43TiO3. The dielectric constant k increased with thickness with x in the range of 0.27 ≤ x ≤ 0.31. Interfacial effects inherent to the ~ 10 nm Ba x Sr1-x TiO3 films on Ge (001) affect the capacitance measurements leading to k of 87 and 140 for 10.9 and 14.6 nm films, respectively. The epitaxial films have high k in the bulk. Using capacitance measurements for Ba x Sr1-x TiO3 films (x~0.5) 13 to 18.4 nm thick, a bulk k of 3200 at RT and a low interfacial capacitance density (C/A) of 100 fF/mm2 were extracted from thickness dependent relationships.

How does supplier CSR performance help to expand exchange relationships with major buyers? The moderating role of supply‐side and demand‐driven uncertainty

AbstractMost studies of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance in a supply chain context have been conducted from the buyer's perspective. Few have paid attention to how suppliers leverage this kind of performance to expand exchange relationships with major customers. From a resource dependence and social exchange perspective, this article specifically examines whether two supplier CSR performance dimensions—environmental and product performance—can serve as a mechanism to expand a supplier's relationships with a smaller number of major buyers, where its increasing exchange dependence often measures this factor. Moreover, these dependent relationships may further develop and change under different conditions of uncertainty. Using large‐scale longitudinal data to test the proposed model, we find empirical evidence that a supplier's environmental and product performance relate positively to greater customer dependence and improved financial performance across diverse sets of industries. However, the findings also reveal that both demand‐driven and supply‐side uncertainty can weaken the effect. Specifically, the positive effect of environmental performance tends to weaken in the face of supply‐side uncertainty, whereas the positive effect of product performance tends to weaken amid demand‐driven uncertainty. Accordingly, we note important nuances and contingencies for suppliers to consider when considering how investments in these CSR performance dimensions affect exchange dependence.

Passive perinatal immunotherapy via transamniotic antibody delivery

PurposeWe sought to determine whether the amniotic cavity/fluid could be an attainable route of administration of therapeutic antibodies to the fetus/neonate. MethodsTime-dated pregnant dams (n = 9) received volume-matched intra-amniotic injections of either saline (n = 29), or different concentrations of a human IgG that lacked homology with rodents: 5 mg/mL (n = 28); 10 mg/mL (n = 28); or 15 mg/mL (n = 24). At term, the presence of the IgG was quantified by ELISA in the serum, bone marrow, spleen, thymus, and brain of all neonates, and in the maternal serum. Statistical analysis was by median regression with significance set at Bonferroni-adjusted p<0.008. ResultsOverall fetal survival was 83% (90/109), with no difference between the groups. Human IgG was detected in the serum, bone marrow, spleen, thymus, and brain of all fetuses for all three injected concentrations, but not in the saline injected controls (p<0.001). A dose dependent relationship between injection concentration and final IgG load was noted in the bone marrow, spleen, and thymus (p = 0.004 to <0.001). Human IgG was also detected in maternal serum. ConclusionsIgG antibodies can reach high levels in the fetal/neonatal circulation after simple intra-amniotic administration in a healthy rodent model. Transamniotic fetal immunotherapy (TRAFIT) may become a practicable strategy for the perinatal management of select diseases. Level of evidenceN/A (animal and laboratory study) Type of studyAnimal and laboratory study

Assessing citric acid-derived luminescent probes for pH and ammonia sensing: A comprehensive experimental and theoretical study

The present work reports on the assessment of luminescent probes derived from citric acid (CA) and β-aminothiols (namely, l-cysteine (Cys) and cysteamine) for instrumental and smartphone-based fluorimetric sensing purposes. Remarkably, the evaluated luminescent probes derived from natural compounds showed pH-dependent dual excitation/dual emission features. Both fluorophores hold promise for the ratiometric fluorimetric sensing of pH, being especially convenient for the smartphone-based sensing of pH via ratiometric analysis by proper selection of B and G color channels. Time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations allowed to substantiate the pH dependent structure-property relationship and to unveil the critical role of the CA derived carboxyl group, these findings contributing to the fundamental knowledge on these systems for the rational design of new fluorophores and in establishing fluorescence sensing mechanisms of CA-derived systems. Besides, paper-based devices modified with CA-Cys were implemented in a three-phase separation approach for sensitive and selective ammonia sensing, yielding a remarkable enrichment factor of 389 and a limit of detection of 37 μM under optimal conditions. The proposed approach was successfully applied to the determination of ammonia nitrogen and extractable ammonium in water samples and marine sediments, respectively.