School Department Research Articles

Azithromycin to prevent acute lower respiratory infections among Australian and New Zealand First Nations and Timorese children (PETAL trial): study protocol for a multicentre, international, double-blind, randomised controlled trial

IntroductionAcute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) remain the leading causes of repeated hospitalisations among young disadvantaged Australian and New Zealand First Nations and Timorese children. Severe (hospitalised) and recurrent ALRIs in the first years of life are associated with future chronic lung diseases (eg, bronchiectasis) and impaired lung function. Despite the high burden and long-term consequences of severe ALRIs, clinical, evidence-based and feasible interventions (other than vaccine programmes) that reduce ALRI hospitalisations in children are limited. This randomised controlled trial (RCT) will address this unmet need by trialling a commonly prescribed macrolide antibiotic (azithromycin) for 6–12 months. Long-term azithromycin was chosen as it reduces ALRI rates by 50% in Australian and New Zealand First Nations children with chronic suppurative lung disease or bronchiectasis. The aim of this multicentre, international, double-blind, placebo-containing RCT is to determine whether 6–12 months of weekly azithromycin administered to Australian and New Zealand First Nations and Timorese children after their hospitalisation with an ALRI reduces subsequent ALRIs compared with placebo. Our primary hypothesis is that children receiving long-term azithromycin will have fewer medically attended ALRIs over the intervention period than those receiving placebo.Methods and analysisWe will recruit 160 Australian and New Zealand First Nations and Timorese children aged <2 years to a parallel, superiority RCT across four hospitals from three countries (Australia, New Zealand and Timor-Leste). The primary outcome is the rate of medically attended ALRIs during the intervention period. The secondary outcomes are the rates and proportions of children with ALRI-related hospitalisation, chronic symptoms/signs suggestive of underlying chronic suppurative lung disease or bronchiectasis, serious adverse events, and antimicrobial resistance in the upper airways, and cost-effectiveness analyses.Ethics and disseminationThe Human Research Ethics Committees of the Northern Territory Department of Health and Menzies School of Health Research (Australia), Health and Disability Ethics Committee (New Zealand) and the Institute National of Health-Research Technical Committee (Timor-Leste) approved this study. The study outcomes will be disseminated to academic and medical communities via international peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations, and findings reported to health departments and consumer-based health organisations.Clinical trial registrationAustralia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12619000456156.

Long Bone Fractures in Cats and Dogs: Characteristics and Available Treatment in Algiers: A Retrospective Study of 66 Fractures

Background: Fractures in domestic carnivores are frequently seen in veterinary medicine in the world and are mostly due to impacts inflicted by car injury, trauma, or falls. Fracture type and pattern influence treatment choice. No data are available on long bone fracture in Algiers to provide young veterinarians in developing countries with information on these fractures and their practical treatment options. Methods: Cases of long bone fractures were identified from files of patients presented for surgical consultation at the Surgical Department of the Higher National Veterinary School of Algiers. Characteristics, such as age, sex, circumstances and fracture classification were analysed. The type of selected treatment was also noted, as was the follow-up, when possible. Result: A total number of 66 fractures was recorded. Cats were more affected than dogs representing 70.7% versus 29,3% of the animals showing limb fractures (n=58). The proportions of males and females were respectively 65.9% and 34.1% in cats and 70.6% and 29.4% in dogs. Young animals under 12 months of age represented 82,9% of cats and 64.7% of dogs. Fall from a height was the primary cause in both cats and dogs (51.2% and 58.8%). Fracture of the femur was the most common fracture (51.1% in cats and 47.4% in dogs). Femoral fractures in cats were present on the proximal bone end in over 50 percent of cases. Among these, Eighty-three percent affected the head and/or neck of the bone. Most fractures were closed. Open fractures (23.4% in cats and 5.3% in dogs) affected the lower bones. Animals were treated by pinning, femoral head ostectomy, casting and, amputation (on open fractures of grade II and III). Assessing clinical outcome revealed that recovery in animals having undergone intramedullary pinning or cross pinning and femoral head ostectomy was estimate good in 96,43% of cases in cats and 77.78% in dogs.

Developing a Psychiatry Residency Program in a Low- and Middle-Income Country: Botswana's Experience.

Like many other low- and middle-income countries, Botswana has struggled to address the shortage of doctors, particularly specialists. In 2009, the country's first medical school offering an undergraduate medical program was established. A needs and feasibility assessment was conducted with relevant stakeholders to explore the need for specialty training programs in all medical school departments. As a result, three residency programs were established a year after the undergraduate program, but psychiatry was not included in this first crop of residency programs. Existing strengths in the university and healthcare systems were leveraged to successfully establish a four-year Master of Medicine residency program in psychiatry, which began in January 2020. The program aims to produce psychiatrists who are familiar with the local mental health needs. The first batch of students completed their training in December 2023. This paper reflects on and describes the development of a psychiatry residency program in Botswana and contributes a process grounded in educational program development models and educational theories that others can utilize. Botswana's experience may be helpful to other low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, that want to establish and run a locally developed residency program in psychiatry.

Study of the methanogenic potential of urban waste from the city of N’Djamena for recovery into biogas

The different types of urban waste as well as household waste are generally disposed of in open landfills affecting environmental sustainability. These wastes, by the release of contaminants such as leachates and greenhouse gases, increase the pollution potential of the sites. We recovered a quantity to carry out our experiments. The recovery of waste into biogas inevitably takes place in hermetically sealed enclosures called biodigesters. In this work we highlighted several types of waste at room temperature in a 0.75l can equipped with an empty inflatable balloon used for the recovery of biogas, which constituted our biodigester. Then a second experiment was carried out on the mesophilic temperature and the results were compared. The aim is to see the waste with the best biogas potential in terms of quality and quantity of production. The experiment consisted of working at an ambient temperature around 35°C±2 °C and up to 45 °C (mesophilic temperature). For this experiment we found that some bio-digesters started producing after two hours of time, the inflatable balloon increased in volume every hour up to 24 hours before and remained constant. We used the resources in terms of substrate and equipment of the Afric-Lab laboratory and that of the Physics-Chemistry department of the Higher Normal School of N'Djamena.

Clinical and Hematological Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus at Initial Presentation in a Tertiary Healthcare Center.

Background Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disorder with diverse clinical presentations, among which hematological abnormalities often serve as early and critical indicators of disease. These manifestations, including anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia, correlate with disease activity and provide essential diagnostic insights, particularly in resource-limited settings where access to advanced diagnostic tools may be constrained. This study emphasizes the significance of hematological findings thatfrequently appear at the initial presentation of SLE. Theycan guide early diagnosis and management, thereby improving patient outcomes. Objective This study aims to identify and analyze the clinical and hematological manifestations of SLE at initial presentation in a tertiary healthcare center. Itfocuses on hematological abnormalities as critical early indicators and highlights typical and atypical features that can aid in timely and accurate diagnosis. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted at the dermatology department of the Great Eastern Medical School & Hospital. It included53 patients diagnosed with SLE according to the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria. Demographic data, clinical symptoms, hematological abnormalities, and immunological markers were recorded. The frequency and types of atypical manifestations were also noted. Results The study sample comprised 45 (85%) female patients and 8 (15%) male patients, with a mean age of 26 years. Common clinical manifestations included fever 49 (92%), joint pain 45 (85%), fatigue 43 (81%), oral ulcers 40 (75%), malar rash 40 (75%), and photosensitivity 44 (83%). Hematological abnormalities were prominent, with anemia observed in 52 (98%) of patients, leukopenia in 49 (92%), lymphopenia in 45 (85%), and thrombocytopenia in 20 (38%). Antinuclear antibody (ANA) test was positive in all cases, with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and CRP levels in newly-diagnosed patients. Atypical presentations included angioedema, toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)-like lesions, psoriasiform lesions, and pyrexia of unknown origin. Conclusion This study underscores the critical need to identify both typical and atypical clinical and hematological features of SLE, particularly at the initial presentation. Integrating comprehensive clinical evaluation with basic laboratory investigations can significantly enhance early detection, paving the way for timely and effective management to improve patient outcomes.

Meeting our students where they are: An ethics certificate program for hospital ethics committees.

To meet the specific education needs of ethics committee members (primarily full-time healthcare professionals), the Regional Ethics Department of Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNCAL) and Washington State University's Elson Floyd School of Medicine have partnered to create a one-academic year Medical Ethics Certificate Program. The mission-driven nature of the KPNCAL-WSU's Certificate Program was designed to be a low-cost, high-quality option for busy full-time practitioners who may not otherwise opt to pursue additional education.This article discusses the specific competency-focused methodologies and pedagogies adopted, as well as how the Certificate Program made permanent changes in response to the global pandemic. This article also discusses in detail one of the Program's signature features, its Practicum-an extensive simulated clinical ethics consultation placing students in the role of ethics consultant, facilitating a conflict between family members played by paid professional actors. This article concludes with survey data responses from Program alumni gathered as part of a quality study.

STUDENTS' INQUIRY AND SCIENCE-RELATED ATTITUDE AS MEDIATED BY SELF-CONCEPT

<p>The study determined the mediating effect of self-concept on the relationship between students’ inquiry and science-related attitudes of students. This study used a quantitative research design that covered mediation analysis and descriptive survey methods. A stratified random sampling technique was used in this study, with a sample of 300 students drawn from the STEM and GAS senior high school departments of chosen public schools in the Davao Oriental division. To gather data, the researcher used an adapted survey questionnaire, which was modified to suit the context of the research study. Results showed that students’ inquiry, self-concept, and science-related attitudes were high or often manifested. There was also a significant relationship between students’ inquiry and science-related attitudes, students' inquiry and self-concept, and self-concept and science-related attitudes. Further, there was a significant but partial result of the Medgraph using the Sobel z-test of self-concept on the relationship between students' inquiry and science-related attitudes. There was a significant partial mediation between these variables. The study demonstrated a significant partial mediation of self-concept on the relationship between students' inquiry toward science-related attitudes of senior high school students.</p><p>UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) No. 4 Quality Education.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0909/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Novel topical dressing for dry socket and comparison of its efficacy with that of Alvogyl®: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

To evaluate the efficacy of a novel topical dressing (composed of triamcinolone, ground Dianthus caryophyllus, eugenol, honey, and Iris germanica) for alveolar osteitis (dry socket) against Alvogyl® (composed of eugenol, butamben, and iodoform). In a randomized parallel-armed clinical trial at Mashhad Dental School's Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 36 patients with alveolar osteitis were randomly allocated into two groups according to the inclusion criteria (n=18), using sealed envelopes: one receiving a novel topical dressing and the other receiving Alvogyl®. Post-treatment pain was assessed using a visual analog scale immediately after the procedure and at 30 and 60 minutes, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours, and one week later, as well as the frequency of dressing applications and analgesic usage. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. Analyses were completed on all 36 participants without dropouts. No significant age or gender differences were found between the groups at baseline (p=0.370 and p=0.502, respectively). The novel dressing group experienced significantly lower pain scores at 30 and 60 minutes post-treatment (p<0.001), but higher scores at 24 (p=0.029), 48 (p=0.001), and 72 (p=0.017) hours, and similar pain scores immediately after the procedure and at 96 hours and 1 week (p>0.05), compared to the Alvogyl® group. The mean number of analgesics taken (p=0.097) and the mean frequency of dressing application (p=0.839) were not significantly different between the two groups. The novel topical dressing demonstrated efficacy comparable to Alvogyl®, with the added benefits of cost-effectiveness and the absence of side effects, suggesting its potential as an alternative treatment for dry socket.

Памяти Александра Степановича Бугаёва

Information is presented about the deceased Alexander Stepanovich Bugayov, DrSci Phys&amp;Math, professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1994 in the Department of Computer Science, Computer Engineering and Automation, full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 2000 in the Department of Nanotechnology and Information Technology (Section of Computing, Location, Telecommunication Systems and Element Base), founder of the Department of Solid-state Electronics and Radiophysics of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Head of the Department of Vacuum Electronics and At the same time, he is the scientific director of the MIPT Center for Open Systems and High Technologies, Head of the Laboratory of Wave Electronics of the V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director of the State Research Institute of Electronic and Ion Optics, Chief Researcher of the Department of Scientific and Innovative Activities of the South Ural State University. Professor of the Computer Engineering Department of the Higher School of Economics, Professor of the St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, an outstanding specialist in the field of condensed matter physics, semiconductor physics, acoustic and spin-wave electronics, computer science and mathematical modeling of semiconductor and solid-state information processing devices. The main biographical data are given: studies at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (Faculty of Physical and Quantum Electronics), postgraduate studies and work at MIPT, defense of a PhD (physical and mathematical sciences) dissertation, authorship of more than 250 scientific papers in scientific journals, participation in Russian and international conferences and seminars, editorial work in scientific journals. Work as a member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, membership in various Russian and international scientific societies and expert councils.

National Health Education Standards: Model Guidance for Curriculum and Instruction (Third Edition).

Since the 1990s, national standards have been developed in K-12 subject areas. National standards in health education were first released in 1995 with a second set released in 2007. A third edition, the National Health Education Standards: Model Guidance for Curriculum and Instruction was developed in 2022 under the auspices of the National Consensus for School Health Education. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of the third edition including descriptions of the development process;the 8 standards and aligned performance expectations; considerations related to the translation, dissemination, and implementation of the standards; and projections for potential impact regarding teaching and student outcomes. To develop new standards, the National Consensus formed 3 groups: the Management, Development, and Expert Review Groups. These groups employed an iterative process that included the development of 3 drafts of the standards before finalization. This process included a review of each draft by the 3 groups. The second draft included additional qualitative feedback from over 500 school health education leaders, practitioners, and stakeholders. The third edition includes 8 standards with aligned performance expectations. A description and rationale are provided for each standard along with standard-specific teaching guidance. The third edition of the National Standards for School Health Education provides guidance to state departments of education and local schools in the development and implementation of health instruction that promotes meaningful learning to guide students in the promotion of their own health and the health of others.

How have Teaching Methods in the English Department in Various LCPS Changed Since ChatGPT has Emerged? (4,254)

The study is based within Loudoun County Public Schools, focusing on four different high schools English departments: John Champe High School, Lightridge High School, Briar Woods High School, and Freedom High School, and it explores the impact of ChatGPT on teaching methods. To thoroughly investigate the impact of generative artificial intelligence, a two-part survey method was used that combines both multiple-choice questions and free response. This method revealed that digital assignments and hyperfixation on ensuring academic integrity are the common themes amongst English departments in high schools. English teachers expressed decreased trust in students, and a consensus was made that teaching practices were adapted to accommodate for the increase in improper use of technology. Therefore, the study highlights the benefits and challenges of ChatGPT in education, and it emphasizes further research in this area.

Oral Manifestations in Geriatric Patients: An Observational Study in Western Maharashtra.

Objective The current study aims to assess various oral changes and associated systemic diseases in geriatric patients. Methodology A prospective, observational study was conducted among geriatric patients visiting the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (KVV), Karad.A total of 100 patients aged 60 and above were screened. The study was conducted over a six-month period, from January 2024 to June 2024. Data recorded in a clinical proforma included essential demographic information such as age and gender, personal habits like smoking and alcohol, and medical history. All the patients were clinically examined under standard conditions, utilizing a mouth mirror, probe, explorer, and retractors under proper illumination. Hard tissue findings, including caries, fractures, restorations, and periodontal conditions, were meticulously documented, while soft tissue findings included evaluations of the gums and oral mucosa for lesions. The oral mucosal examination was done using the World Health Organization (WHO) guide. Histopathologic examination was done in relevant cases to confirm the final diagnosis. Data entry was done using SPSS (17.0 version) Java (TM) Platform SE binary (IBM Corp, London, UK) for Windows. To check the association between data, the chi-square test was applied. Results Out of 100 elderly patients, 57 were males and 43 were females. Hypertension was identified as the most prevalent condition, affecting 32% of patients. Tobacco consumption was most commonly reported among males, affecting 49% of the patients. Prevalent hard tissue oral manifestations were periodontitis (29.5%) followed by partial edentulism (27%), dental caries (25.5%), wasting diseases (15.5%), and complete edentulism (2.5%), while soft tissue findings were gingivitis (46.7%) followed by oral cancer (28.5%), leukoplakia (7.1%), candidiasis (7.1%), lichen planus (7.1%), and irritational fibroma (3.5%). Conclusion The most prevalent hard tissue finding was periodontitis, while the most common soft tissue finding was gingivitis, followed by oral cancer. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to tobacco use, vitamin deficiencies, and stress, emphasizing the need for appropriate care. It is crucial to implement programs aimed at enhancing both general and oral health in the geriatric population.

NEARER SCAN (LENO BESIK) evaluation of a task-sharing echocardiographic active case finding programme for rheumatic heart disease in Australia and Timor-Leste: protocol for a hybrid type II effectiveness-implementation study

IntroductionRheumatic heart disease (RHD) is underdiagnosed globally resulting in missed treatment opportunities and adverse clinical outcomes. We describe the protocol for a study which aims to co-design, implement and conduct...

Evaluation of High School Students' Knowledge and Awareness of Medical Information, Specifically on ENT Diseases

Introduction: Every stage of education is valuable, but high school is the most critical period for career choice before university. This is because the university life, which is the basis for career selection, begins after high school. The aim of this study is to evaluate the medical knowledge and awareness of high school students, focusing on ENT (ear, nose, and throat) diseases, across different grades and fields. Material and Methods: A survey form consisting of two sections was used as the data collection tool in the research. The first section contains a demographic information form, and the second section consists of 7 multiple-choice questions. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the averages of correct answers and total scores according to gender, grades, and fields. The ANOVA test was used to compare results based on age groups. Results: Of the 54 students who participated in the study, 28 (51.9%) were female, and 26 (48.1%) were male. Of the participating students, 30 were from the Science-Technology (ST) department, and 24 were from the Anatolian High School (AL) department. After excluding 2 students who had previously participated in ENT disease-related training (both from the ST group), the percentage of students who answered the general ENT questions incorrectly was 6/24 (25.0%) in the AL group and 1/28 (3.6%) in the ST group. The number of students who requested additional health-related topics in the biology curriculum was 19/24 (79.2%) in the AL group and 27/28 (96.4%) in the ST group. Conclusion: It was found that due to the science (biology) intensity of their education, the ST group had higher health knowledge specifically related to ENT diseases compared to the AL group, and the difference between the two groups was significant (p &lt; 0.001). Despite the higher level of correct responses and knowledge in the ST group, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in their demand for more biology lessons (p &lt; 0.001). Discussion: Providing more biology lessons in high school would be beneficial both for career choices and for improving health literacy.

Gender and Subject Domain Differences in Academic Performance among Pre-service Teachers of Isa Kaita College of Education Nigeria

This research intends to investigate gender differences in academic performance among NCE students in the School of Sciences, Isa Kaita College of Education in Dutsin-Ma. The population of the study comprises of 654 (male 433 and female 221). The study used a quantitative correlational study to establish relationships between gender and subject domain. Two indicators; questionnaire and the students' CGPA results obtain during NCE 1 and NCE 11. This study examined the gender and subject domain differences and the academic performances of pre-service teachers across all the school departments. The study is quantitative. All the departments in the School of Science were involved through a clustered random sampling. An independent sample t-test and Pearson Moment correlation (PPMC) were employed for the data analysis in the study. Results have shown that the mean CGPA for males was slightly higher than that of females, although the difference is not statistically significant. Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference in the subject domain scores between genders. Correlation analysis showed no significant associations between gender and subject domain scores. On the other hand, CGPA showed a very strong positive association with each other, meaning as the CGPA increases, the better one's overall academic achievement. The findings indicate that gender does not determine academic performance among pre-service teachers; rather, GPA is instrumental in predicting success in educational outcomes.

WORKSHOP "EXPLORE YOUR PASSION, BUILD YOUR IMAGINATION" USING AFTER EFFECT AND PAINT TOOL SAI

Implementing Community Service activities, especially in the school environment of SMK Negeri 1 Kedawung, is a form of our concern for students to gain insight into the use of the After Effect and Paint Tool Sai Application. Referring to the decision of the head of the standards body, curriculum, and education assessment, the Ministry of Education and Technology, namely Number: 024/H/KR/2022 to recognize the concentration of vocational skills in the context of an independent curriculum. One of the changes in the name of the Vocational High School (SMK) department is Multimedia (MM) changed to Visual Communication Design (DKV). Visual Communication Design (DKV) is the first major after the change in the independent curriculum, and this department requires a lot of guidance, motivation, and direction for students. Based on the results of the observation, our group decided to hold an explore your passion build your imagination service with illustrators and animators who are one of the outstanding alumni of SMK Negeri 1 Kedawung to increase students' motivation to learn in the multimedia world. The activity in this service is in the form of an introduction workshop on the use of multimedia in making creative video animations using After Effect and SAI Paint Tool.

Surgical Anatomy and Intrapelvic Course of Obturator Nerve

Study ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to reveal the anatomy of the obturator nerve (ON) and its important relationship in pelvic surgery with the surrounding anatomical structures. DesignProspective observational study. InterventionsParameters from the left and right ON's to relevant anatomical landmarks were measured and statistical analysis was performed. SettingThe current study was planned in Department of Anatomy Ankara University School of Medicine and then conducted at the Forensic Medicine Institute, Ankara Group Presidency after receiving the approval of the Institute for Forensic Medicine. ParticipantsThe study was performed in 40 fresh or fresh-frozen and female cadavers bilaterally. Measurements and Main ResultsThe mean distances of the midpoint of the left ON to the highest point of the fundus of uterus and isthmus of the uterus, cervico-uterine junction, and highest point of the promontory were 55.1 ± 10.4, 52.9 ± 12.4, 54.8 ± 11.3, and 58.5 ± 15.2 mm, respectively, and 58.7 ± 8.1, 52.5 ± 13.1, 61.4 ± 17.8, and 62.2 ± 19.7 mm on the right side, respectively (p > .05 for all values). The mean distance between the nerve root of the left ON and highest point of the promontory was 59.1 ± 28.4 mm, it was 59.7 ± 26.2 mm on the right side (p > .05). There were significant positive correlations between the distance between the left and right anterior superior iliac spines and the distances between the midpoint of the ON to the isthmus of the uterus on both the left and right sides of the pelvis (r = 0.546, p = .019, r = 0.896, p < .001, respectively). ConclusionsIntraoperative ON injury in gynecological procedures is a complication that may be minimized with good anatomical knowledge. Careful dissection should be performed to decrease the ON injury. The safe surgical zone was established for pelvic procedures by creating a topographical map of the ON. This research may improve pelvic surgery precision, aiding the development of better treatments and reducing ON-related complications.

Exploring the Influence of Personality Traits on Casual Attributions in Language Learning

In the contemporary era of globalization and economic shifts, acquiring foreign language skills has become almost indispensable. The ability to communicate in a language other than one's native tongue offers individuals a strategic advantage, facilitating informed decisions and empowering them in various life pursuits. Consequently, there is a growing emphasis on learning languages such as English, German, French, and Chinese. However, this increased focus on language acquisition has brought about significant changes in the landscape of foreign language education. Despite the considerable attention given to language education, particularly in English, which stands as the international lingua franca, learners often encounter challenges in attaining proficiency. This study aimed to explore the influence of personality traits on the success and failure of high school students in learning a foreign language. Conducted using a mixed research method and sequential design, the study involved 984 high school students from the 11th and 12th grades in the Edremit, İpekyolu, and Tuşba districts of Van province. To gather comprehensive data, a combination of quantitative tools such as the "Personal Information Form," "Five Factor Personality Inventory," and "Scale of Attribution of Success and Failure," along with qualitative insights from a "semi-structured interview form," was utilized. The study commenced by establishing a robust theoretical framework, elucidating pivotal concepts such as personality, its basic characteristics, dimensions, attribution theory, and its relationship to foreign language learning. Furthermore, the literature review encapsulated insights from prior studies within attribution theory and personality traits. Subsequently, the mixed-method design, participant information, data collection tools, and procedures were elaborated upon in detail. Employing Weiner's attribution theory, the obtained data were thoroughly deliberated upon, leading to the formulation of recommendations for prospective research. Upon analyzing both quantitative and qualitative data, it became evident that students attributed their success and failure in learning English as a Foreign Language to multifarious factors. Successful students predominantly ascribed their achievements to internal, controllable, and variable factors. Conversely, less successful students attributed their shortcomings to external, uncontrollable, and permanent reasons. Further analyses highlighted the significant influence of gender on attribution types and item-level attributions. Moreover, personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience), age, high school type, department level, grade, and academic performance exhibited notable disparities in attributions.

Front Cover Image

ON THE FRONT COVER: Normal human breast epithelial cells expressing GFP‐LIMD1 (green) and tained for F‐actin (red) and DNA (blue).Credit: Samriddha Ray, Chamika DeSilva, Natasha Cruz‐Calderon and Daniel McCollum. University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology. image

The Role of Technopreneurship Literacy and Entrepreneurship Education in Fostering Entrepreneurial Interest Through Self-Efficacy

This study explores the impact of entrepreneurship education and technopreneurship literacy on fostering entrepreneurial interest among vocational high school students, with self-efficacy serving as a mediating factor. The research adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing data collected through documentation and questionnaires. Path analysis, conducted using SPSS software, reveals that both entrepreneurship education and technopreneurship literacy have a positive and significant influence on students' entrepreneurial interest, both directly and indirectly through the enhancement of self-efficacy. The findings underscore the critical importance of integrating entrepreneurship education and technopreneurship literacy into the curriculum for all departments in vocational high schools. These educational elements not only boost students' self-efficacy but also play a vital role in cultivating a strong interest in entrepreneurship. By fostering these skills and mindsets, vocational schools can better prepare students for entrepreneurial endeavors, contributing to their overall career readiness and potential for success in the business world.