Social Affairs Department Research Articles

Challenges of Leadership in the Implementation of the National Children’s Policy of Ethiopia at Bahir Dar City Administration Women, Children and Social Affairs Department

The purpose of this research was to identify the major challenges of Leadership in the implementation of the national children’s policy of Ethiopia, at Bahir Dar City Administration Women, Children and Social Affairs Department. To identify the major challenges of leadership in the implementation of the policy, constructivist research paradigm, qualitative research approach and phenomenological research design were employed. Interviews and focus group discussions were the basic tools of data collection. Purposive sampling technique and thematic data analysis are employed. The challenges of leadership in the implementation of the national children’s policy in the study area are multi-faceted. But according to the findings of this study, they are grouped into four themes. These are: economic challenges, socio-cultural challenges, lack of awareness and political and legal problems. To overcome the challenges of leadership in the implementation of the policy, the following recommendations were given. These were: providing education and health facilities for children, providing school feeding for children, creating awareness about the rights of children for all stakeholders, increasing the economic level of families, building recreational centers for children, allocating enough financial and human resources for children affairs, increasing children role and participation in decision making processes affecting them, giving due attention for the rights of children by the government and providing effective justice system for children.

Critical Study on Bekerja Program Implementation as Economic Empowerment: Sharia Economic Perspective

The research aims to assess BEKERJA program's effectiveness in reducing poverty in Salutambung Village by providing farm animals. It evaluates the program's impact on economic empowerment, food security, and its alignment with Islamic economic principles, while addressing challenges like resource misallocation and dependency. The research methodology involves qualitative analysis to evaluate the program's impact in Salutambung Village through interviews and observations as field research. Data collection includes examining economic empowerment, food security, collaboration with Social Affairs Department, and alignment with Islamic economic principles. The study concludes that the BEKERJA program effectively reduces poverty by providing livestock to needy households, enhancing economic empowerment and food security. The program's collaboration with the Social Affairs Department has improved community welfare and economic conditions. However, some social assistance programs, including BEKERJA, face challenges such as resource misallocation and lack of technical support. The research lacks analysis that could contribute to further improving BEKERJA program

The Implementation of Legal Protection Against Economic Exploitation of Street Children in Yogyakarta City

This research investigated the initiatives undertaken by the Yogyakarta City government to legally protect street children from economic exploitation. It focused on the roles of key institutions such as the Department of Social Affairs, Labors, and Transmigration in the city of Yogyakarta along with the local Children Protection Commissioner. The research explored the challenges these bodies faced in executing their duties. Utilizing empirical methods, interviews were conducted with relevant stakeholders including the head of the rehabilitation section of the Department of Social Affairs, the chairperson of the Indonesian Children Protection Commissioner in the district of Yogyakarta, and their team members. The findings revealed that despite numerous programs and regulations implemented by the Yogyakarta city government to protect the rights of street children, economic exploitation persisted primarily due to poverty. This research highlighted the gap between policy implementation and its effectiveness, suggesting a need for a review of existing measures and potentially the development of new strategies to address the economic exploitation of street children in Yogyakarta.

Peran Dinas Sosial Dalam Upaya Pemenuhan Hak Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2014 Tentang Kesehatan Jiwa di Kota Kuala Tungkal

Individuals with mental disorders are categorized as mentally disabled, according to the provisions of the article, individuals with mental disorders are guaranteed their rights to receive special care and assistance at the expense of the State to ensure a decent life in accordance with their human dignity. The objectives of this research are: 1) To understand and analyze the role of the Department of Social Affairs in efforts to fulfill the rights of People with Mental Disorders according to Law Number 18 of 2014 concerning Mental Health in the City of Kuala Tungkal. 2) To understand and analyze the obstacles in the implementation of the role of the Department of Social Affairs in efforts to fulfill the rights of People with Mental Disorders according to Law Number 18 of 2014 concerning Mental Health. 3) To understand and analyze the efforts made by the Department of Social Affairs in efforts to fulfill the rights of People with Mental Disorders according to Law Number 18 of 2014 concerning Mental Health.

PENERAPAN SISTEM AKUNTANSI INSTANSI PADA DINAS SOSIAL DAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT KOTA GOTONTALO

This research aims to determine how the implementation of institutional accounting systems in the Department of Social Affairs and Community empowerment of Gorontalo City. Meanwhile, data are collected through documentation, observatioan, and interviews involving two key informants. This research employs the qualitative descriptive research method, which describes the research variables in a qualitative understanding.The result indicate that the Department of Social Affairs and Community Empowerment of Gorontalo City has implemented the Institutional Accounting System (SAI) using the computerized SIPD and ETMIS applications that are running smoothly. As a result, the financial reports produced can provide better benefits for stakeholders, both users and financial report examiners, such as providing more comprehensive information. Not only does it show the achievement of budget realization, but the data produced is also more valid, making it easier to make decisions. The work can be completed well with supporting factors such as adequate human resources, technology, and facilities and equipment. In the meantime, the networkand input errors in implementing this institutional accounting system are inhibiting factors which can hinder work at the Department of Social Affairs and Communty Empowerment of Gorontalo City. However, these problems were promptly corrected at the time.

Strategi Dinas Sosial Kota Makassar Dalam Upaya Penanganan Anak Jalanan

The aim of this research is to gain an understanding of the strategies employed by the Department of Social Affairs in addressing street children in the city of Makassar, including the supporting and inhibiting factors influencing the implementation of these strategies. The research conducted is qualitative and descriptive in nature, utilizing sociological and communication approaches, with observation and interview techniques. Primary data sources include information obtained through direct observation at the research location and interviews, while secondary data is derived from documentation, mass media, and journals.The research findings indicate that the strategies of the Makassar City Social Affairs Department align with Regional Regulation No. 2 of 2008 related to the guidance of street children, homeless individuals, street musicians, and beggars. The department addresses these social issues through data collection activities and providing guidance. However, there are several obstacles in dealing with street children, such as the absence of facilities or rehabilitation centers in Makassar that can accommodate street children for personal development, aiming to reduce the number of street children in the area.

The Influence of Education, Training, and Leadership on Employee Careers with Motivation as an Intervening Variable at the Department of Social Affairs, Women's Empowerment and Child Protection, as well as Community and Village Empowerment in Balangan Regency

One crucial factor in human resource management is employee career development. The significance of the human resources role in achieving organizational goals must be balanced and supported by clear career paths to motivate employees to deliver excellent work performance for the advancement of the organization, considering factors such as education level, work experience, competence, commitment, loyalty, motivation, and employee performance. This research aims to determine the influence of education, training, and leadership on employee careers with motivation as an intervening variable at the Department of Social Affairs, Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection, as well as Community and Village Empowerment in Balangan Regency. This study employs a quantitative research method with a population of 52 individuals using a saturation sampling technique. Path analysis processed with SPSS is used for data analysis. The research results indicate that education, training, and leadership do not have a significant influence on employee motivation. Education, training, and motivation do not significantly affect employee careers. Leadership has a significant influence on employee careers. Leadership, through motivation as an intervening variable, has a significant impact on the careers of employees at the Department of Social Affairs, Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection, as well as Community and Village Empowerment in Balangan Regency.

Efforts of Government Institutions to Support Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Civil Servants

Exclusive breastfeeding rate in Palu City has decreased in the last three years from 59.9% (2018) to 57.8% (2019) and 52.42% (2020). Work caused failure to provide exclusive breastfeeding among women. This study aims to explore the efforts of government institutions to support exclusive breastfeeding among civil servants in Palu City, Central Sulawesi. This study applied a qualitative approach, constructivism paradigm, and phenomenological strategy. The study subjects were selected according to the study objectives, which involved the main informants namely the heads of health department; women's empowerment and child protection department, education department, employment department, social affairs department and head of the Religious Office. In addition, there were key informants, namely civil servants with babies aged <12 months who had breastfed or were currently breastfeeding. The number of study subjects was considered sufficient when the coding results and data categories obtained were saturated. Triangulation was carried out towards the Mayor of Palu. Data were collected through in-depth interviews based on interview guides. All interviews were recorded using an audio recorder. The main instrument in this study was the researchers. Ethical Clearance letter Number: 0042/KEPK-KPK/V/2022 dated June 7, 2022 was issued by the Ethics Commission of Palu Health Polytechnic. The results revealed that breastfeeding rooms in the workplace were not yet available for breastfeeding women; there was no reduction in working hours for breastfeeding women, the workload for breastfeeding women was the same, and there was no specific support or motivation from the leaders, and no one had ever provided rewards. Furthermore, the triangulation towards the Mayor of Palu revealed that he promised to make a Regional Regulation (PERDA) that women who exclusively breastfeed will be given leave for 6 months. It can be concluded that the government institutions had not provided support for civil servants to perform exclusive breastfeeding. To achieve the target of exclusive breastfeeding, the government must support exclusive breastfeeding.

Menuju Kesejahteraan Pesisir: Evaluasi Kebijakan Pembangunan Sosial Ekonomi Di Kecamatan Sape, Kabupaten Bima

This research will focus on the evaluation of socio-economic development policies in Sape District, Bima Regency, with the aim of understanding the extent to which development efforts have achieved their goals. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method and a Literature Review. The research location includes the Bima Regency Development Planning Agency, the Department of Tourism, the Department of Marine and Fisheries, the Department of Environment, and the Department of Social Affairs of Bima Regency. The research findings indicate that Sape District has significant economic potential in the fisheries and agriculture sectors, but it still faces a considerable level of poverty, especially among coastal households. The economic empowerment of coastal communities needs to be enhanced through skills training programs, financial assistance for business capital, and improved access to business loans. Furthermore, a specific focus on generating employment opportunities, particularly for young people, is essential. Poor infrastructure and limited accessibility pose significant obstacles to economic development. Investments in infrastructure improvement, such as roads and ports, are required to enhance mobility and market access. Sustainable natural resource management is vital for preserving the potential of fisheries and agriculture in the area. Strict law enforcement against illegal fishing practices and educational efforts to promote sustainable fishing practices are necessary. Climate change impacts, including rising sea levels and extreme weather conditions, affect the region. Therefore, strategies for climate change adaptation and mitigation need to be developed. The evaluation of socio-economic development policies indicates that assistance programs have been implemented, but there is a need for improvement in directing policies toward poverty alleviation, economic empowerment, and sustainable natural resource management.

Participation of Special Needs Communities in the 2019 Legislative Elections in Medan City

This article explores the participation of individuals with special needs/disabilities in the 2019 legislative elections in Medan City. Despite numerous regulations governing the rights and participation of disabled voters in elections, their political rights, particularly the right to vote, are often overlooked in practice. This is evident in their low participation rates in elections, especially in Medan City. The research aims to assess the level of participation and political behavior of disabled individuals in elections and evaluate the efforts of the Medan City Election Commission (KPU) in enhancing their participation. The research method employed is qualitative descriptive, using interviews and in-depth analysis as data collection techniques. The findings indicate inaccurate data regarding disabled individuals in Medan City and low participation rates due to the lack of professionalism among polling station officers in data collection and services. This study recommends recruiting polling station officers based on qualifications and relevant experience to provide maximum and professional services in their duties. The data updating process should also be improved through collaboration between election organizers, the Department of Social Affairs, and the Department of Population and Civil Registration to collect data on disabled individuals in Medan City more effectively. Furthermore, election organizers should engage in outreach efforts,

Peran Dinas Sosial dalam Meningkatkan Kemandirian Anak Jalanan Melalui Pelatihan Keterampilan Potong Rambut di Kabupaten Situbondo

This research aims to describe the role of Social Service in improving independence of street kids through haircut training. This research uses a qualitative research approach. The research site is at the Social Service of Situbondo Regency using the purposive area technique. The technique for determining informants is using purposive sampling. Data collection techniques were carried out using interview, observation, and documentation methods. The data collection instrument is the researcher himself who is referred to as the human instrument. The technique of checking the validity of the data uses a credibility test, namely the extension of participation, persistence of observation, triangulation of sources and triangulation of methods. The data analysis technique uses the theory of Miles and Huberman, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation of data verification. The results of the research conducted indicate that the Department of Social Affairs plays a role as a companion, mentor, coach, and promoter so that they can make changes and increase emotional independence, economic independence, intellectual independence, and social independence in street kids.
 Keywords: The Role of Social Services, Independence, Street Kids.

The Prevention of Child Marriage Through The Women’s School To Improve Quality of Life (Sekoper PKH) In Mengen Village, Bondowoso Regency

Child marriage is one of the serious problems faced by Bondowoso Regency. As a district with the lowest economic level and high child marriage rates, the quality of life and generations in Bondowoso Regency are threatened and vulnerable because of socio-economic problems such as poverty and high divorce rates, health problems such as increased maternal and child mortality, increased stunting rates, and malnutrition. One of the villages in Bondowoso which has problems with child marriage is Mengen Village. To overcome these problems, the Department of Social Affairs of Bondowoso which focused on the empowerment of women and protection for children (P3AKB) launched the Women's School program to improve the quality of life or Sekolah Perempuan Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup (SEKOPER PKH) which aims to improve the quality of PKH (Program Keluarga Harapan, Government Incentive Program) beneficiaries. SEKOPER PKH has been up and running since 2018 and focuses on household financial management. The presence of a community development grant scheme by the Institute for Research and Community Service (LP2M) University of Jember can help solve the problem of child marriage in Bondowoso. The approach used to solve this is the grounded method with the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method to collect data and evidence as the basis for preparing textbooks and modules. After the module and reference book has been published, the team will conduct Training of Trainers (ToT) to improve the ability of teaching for voluntary teachers. When the voluntary teachers have the ability to teach and implement the teaching module properly, the module will be implemented to the PKH beneficiaries.

Ernest Weissmann’s Architectural and Planning Practices

Architect Ernest Weissmann (1903-1985) dedicated his career to improving the living conditions of the deprived population - before and immediately after World War II in Europe and the United States and, starting from the 1950s and owing to senior positions he held at the United Nations Department of Social Affairs [UN DESA], also in underdeveloped countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The means by which he tried to achieve it were type projects flexible enough to respond to each individual case, education, teamwork, and self-help approach. The latter was thought to strengthen the local communities, their experts, resources, and production. Relying on the research on Weissmann’s pre-UN DESA career, this paper argues that Weissmann formulated most of his ideas, in particular self-help, and the above-mentioned methods, and put them into practice and an international perspective, before 1951 thanks, to his collaboration with Le Corbusier, the School of Public Health in Zagreb, the International Congress of Modern Architecture [CIAM], New York-based Structural Study Associates [SSA] group, Board of Warfare, and United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration [UNRRA].

Analysis of the Role of Social Services in Improving Community Welfare in Islamic Economic Studies (Case Study at the Office of Social Protection and Social Security in Mandailing Natal Regency)

The Social Service is the implementing element of government affairs in the social sector. The Social Service is led by a Head of Service who is under and responsible to the Regent through the Regional Secretary. The Social Service has the task of assisting in the social sector, including Social Rehabilitation, Social Empowerment, Social Security Protection and Handling the Poor. Along with the many natural and non-natural disasters that occurred in Mandailing Natal, the role of the Social Service is very much needed in order to improve the welfare of the people affected by natural and non-natural disasters. This study aims to determine the role of the Department of Social Affairs in the field of Social Security Protection in improving the welfare of people affected by disasters and non-natural disasters in Mandailing Natal Regency. This study uses qualitative methods and the data used are primary and secondary data. The subject of the research was carried out at the Social Service of Mandailing Natal Regency.

The Effect of Motivation on Employee Performance at the Social Service, Manpower and Transmigration, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

This study aims to determine the magnitude of the effect of motivation on employee performance at the Department of Social Affairs, Manpower and Transmigration Maros Regency . Theoretically, the results of this study are expected to develop scientific treasures and establish well-coordinated human relationships and roles in the field of human resources in the hope of making a contribution that leads to improving agency performance, through the application of motivation for social services, labor and transmigration in Maros Regency. The variables in this study are the motivational variable as the dependent variable, while the performance variable as the independent variable. The data collection technique uses observation and questionnaire methods as well as being the sample in this study as many as 53 employees. The results of this study indicate that partially the motivational variable has a significant positive effect, while simultaneous testing shows a significant positive effect on the performance of social service employees, labor and transmigration in Maros Regency. The coefficient of determination indicates that the ability of the independent variable to predict the influence of motivation has a moderate effect on employee performance. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the provision of motivation by the leadership, especially the Head of the Social Service of Manpower and Transmigration in Maros Regency so that employees are more enthusiastic about working.

META-ANALYSIS OF USAGE OF MACHINE LEARNING TO IDENTIFY AND ASSESS POVERTY

Poverty is dened as a person’s state of survival without the adequate nancial resources for a minimum standard of living. Poverty is assesed through multidimensional factors like access to clean drinking water, access to electricity, access to quality education, child mortality rates, nutrition, and so on. On 1st January 2016, the United Nations Economic and Social Affairs department published a list of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and “No Poverty” was the rst goal on the list and the purpose was to eradicate all forms of poverty from all corners of the globe by the year 2030. The rst step in the goal is to identify poverty in all its forms and not just the income level. The initiative of identifying poverty is a humongous task in itself and various researchers, academicians, statisticians and computer scientists had proposed several methods of identifying poverty in all it’s forms. This paper unies and consolidates several machine learning techniques proposed previously to theoretically formulate a new, robust methodology to identify, validate and assess poverty which would be the rst step towards sustaibale development.

Strategic Planning Analysis of Grand Design of Population Development

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze population data based on population structure and five population aspects, as well as regional areas in Kebumen Regency in 2020. Then prepare recommendations and plans to integrate population problems into development planning mechanisms and develop a 2020 Population Grand Design Model. The method of analysis used quantitative and qualitative descriptions with a locular in Kebumen Regency. The research was conducted using secondary data sources from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Kebumen Regency, the Department of Social Affairs and Population Control and Family Planning in Kebumen, the Ministry of Education and Culture. Primary data comes from the results of discussions with the Head of Service and structural officials at the Department of Social Affairs and Population Control and Family Planning in Kebumen, the results of the discussion become one of the qualitative indicators for analysis. The analysis was mainly carried out using SWOT and to complement the ARIMA method. The results are based on an administrative and substantive approach with the integration of five population aspects, namely Population Quantity Control, Population Quality Improvement, Population Mobility Direction, Family Development and Population Database Development, which are expected in the form of regional regulations.

Donors' Participation in Iran's Health System: Challenges and Solutions.

Philanthropic activities play an important role in health systems. Donors contribute to financing, generating resources, and providing healthcare services in Iranian health system. However, they face many challenges. This study aimed to identify barriers to donors' participation in the Iranian health system and to provide solutions. This qualitative study was performed using semi-structured interviews with 38 donors and 26 policy-makers and managers in the social affairs department of health ministry and medical universities in 2018. In addition, document analysis was performed and the relevant data were extracted. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. All ethical considerations were followed in this research. Insufficient structures, poor communications, low trust, ineffective working processes, bureaucracy, insufficient senior managers' support, weak legal support and poor monitoring were the most important challenges for donors' participation in the Iranian health system. Effective donor participation in the health system requires the creation of an appropriate system including the right structures, processes, culture, and management. The necessary changes must be planned, led and monitored to promote donors' participation in healthcare. A conceptual model was developed to strengthen donors' participation in the health system. Iranian donors face structural, procedural, cultural, and managerial challenges when financing the health system, generating resources, and providing health services. Policy-makers and managers should tackle these challenges and adopt strategies to reinforce donors' participation in the health system. Planning, organizing, leading, monitoring, evaluation, transparency, accountability, and a commitment to meet donors' needs are necessary for successful philanthropy initiatives in the health sector.

Community Empowerment Through the Harapan Family Program

Welfare in general is the dream of every human being who lives in the world. But not all humans feel well-being. There are still many people living in poverty. To support and reduce the poverty rate, the government issued a policy of the Family Hope Program. The Family Hope Program is a social protection program that provides cash assistance to Very Poor Households with certain conditions. Therefore, based on this, it is necessary to study the empowerment of the community through the family of hope program. The results of this study indicate that 1) the researcher found that the weak role of the Department of Social Affairs, Women's Empowerment, and Child Protection in Morotai Island Regency was still in the passive category. because in some roles, involvement or escorting the implementation of the family of hope program is still waiting for the Regent's order, meaning that the implementation of escort by the Service is not his responsibility. 2) In the implementation of the Family Hope Program in Pandanga Village, researchers found that the implementation of the Family Hope Program did not work as it should, a number of problems were found, namely (1) recipients did not know which component category to receive PKH in, (2) there were a number of differences in the nominal amount of PKH, ( 3) PKH recipients in 2019 no longer receive in 2020, (4) the number of PKH 2020 recipients fluctuates according to the scheme set by the government. 3) the researcher found weak coordination between the Office and the assistants, even the village head. So that the problems that occur in the village are not known at all by the Department. Even when it was confirmed to the Office about the problems in the field, they handed over the coordination to the assistants.

Penerapan Sistem Informasi Pendataan Penerima Dana Program Keluarga Harapan pada Gampong Beurawe Kecamatan Kuta Alam berbasis Web GIS

Administratively, Gampong Beurawe is one of the villages in Kuta Alam District, Banda Aceh City. The Department of Social Affairs is in charge of collecting data and providing assistance to people in need of social welfare services. Data collection is done manually in the form of archives and files, this causes inefficiencies in space, security, time and costs. The Social Service has difficulties in conveying information on the Family Hope Program (PKH) which includes data on poor households, education data and health data, to the wider community and related parties, causing data information to be unclear. So we need an automatic data collection system to help collect data on the hopeful family program in Gampong Beurawe, Kuta Alam District. In the geographic information system itself, there are two important elements, namely Geographical Data which is used as a reference for attribute data. The design of the map that will be displayed in this application uses map info and google maps. This PKH acceptance mapping information system in Beurawe Village, Kuta Alam District, Banda Aceh City is to assist the Social Service, especially the social assistance and security department in the storage and delivery of information data (PKH) so that it can provide clear information about the program. Data information system in the form of maps, graphs and tables.