Protection Department Research Articles

Efficiency Evaluation of Some Plant Extracts and ZnONPs on the Bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae that Causes Rot Onion in Storage

This study was conducted at the laboratories of the College of Agriculture/Plant Protection Department at the University of Kufa according to a completely randomized design (CRD) to determine the extent of the effect of the alcoholic extract (Cinnamonum zeylanicum, Cissus rhombifolia) and ZnONPs at concentrations 10, 20 and 30% for each plant on the genus of bacteria Klebseilla pneumoniae. The results showed that the alcoholic extracts and ZnONPs gave a high efficiency in inhibiting bacteria for the studied traits minimum inhibitory concentration test 30% concentration of the alcoholic cinnamon extract and ZnONPs of the study gave a high inhibitory ability compared to the rest of the concentrations, as it was found that the inhibitory ability of the extract, increases with increasing concentration.

Особенности совладания со стрессом у сотрудников разных отделов и служб УИС

the article is devoted to the study of the problem of coping with stress for employees of the penitentiary system serving in correctional institutions. In the activities of employees of the security department and the security department, who were selected as participants in the study, the presence of stress factors leading to negative consequences and a decrease in the effectiveness of the respondents' activities predominates. Purpose: to study the features of coping with stress among employees of the security department and the security department. Object: Coping behavior of employees. Subject: features of coping behavior among employees of the security department and the protection department. Applied methods: questionnaire "Methods of Coping Behavior" Lazarus, methods of mathematical and statistical processing of research results (descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U-test). The article deals with the concept of "coping strategy", which is understood in three different approaches to its study: psychoanalytic direction, transactional approach and dispositional. The results obtained in the course of the study and their interpretation are also presented. Employees of the security department and the security department communicate directly with the special contingent and constantly face difficulties that arise in the course of their professional activities. The presence of existing coping strategies contribute to coping with stress and a stressful situation, reducing their impact on a person's personality. The article defines the prevailing types of coping used by the studied persons.

Adana İlinde pamukta zararlı Çiğit emici böceği, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) ile birlikte saptanan avcı arthropoda türleri ve popülasyon değişimleri

Bu çalışma ile Adana ili Balcalı yöresinde pamuk tarlasında 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında Çiğit emici böceği, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) birlikte bulunan avcı arthropoda türleri ve popülasyon değişimleri incelenmiştir. Tarla denemeleri, Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bitki Koruma Bölümü Araştırma ve Uygulama Alanında yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışmada; Coleoptera takımından 9 tür, Hemiptera takımından 3 tür ve 2 cins, Neuroptera takımından bir cins ve Araneae (örümcekler) takımından 4 tür olmak üzere toplam 16 tür ve cins düzeyinde 3 avcı tür saptanmıştır. Avcı arthropoda popülasyon yoğunluğu O. hyalinipennis’e göre daha düşük olmuş, zararlı tür ile bulunan avcı arthropoda türlerinin popülasyon yoğunlukları arasında dikkate alınabilir spesifik ilişkiler görülmemiştir.

Trăgători și Mistificatori: Contrarevoluția Securității în decembrie 1989

Trăgători și Mistificatori: Contrarevoluția Securității în decembrie 1989

Efficiency of the Fungi Baeuveria Bassiana, Lecanicillum Muscarium, Metarhizium Acridum, ISARIA Fumorovosea to Control the Lace Bug

The laboratory study was conducted in the laboratories of the Department of Plant Protection / Integrated Management of Production and Plant Protection projects. The study aimed to determine and the effectiveness of some biological factors (pathogenic fungi) on the nymphs and adults of the Stephanitis Pyri (Fabricius). The results of the study showed the variation in the rates of killing of fungi on the different stages of the insect S. pyri, as its nymphs were affected for a shorter period of time than the adults. The Metarhizium acridum at a concentration of 1 x 710 spores/ml was superior in its effect on nymphs, so the killing rate was 100%, While the killing rate of Beauveria bassiana was 93.8%, while that of Isaria fumosorosea was 87.5%, and the fungus Lecanicillum muscarium had a killing rate of 75%, with the same concentration as before. As for its effect on the adult role at the same concentration and time period, the killing rate was 70.6, 64.7, 52.9 and 58.8%, respectively, for the mentioned preparations.

Організаційно-змістові умови боротьби з домашнім насильством над жінками.

Diagnostic analysis of domestic violence against women showed that this problem should be considered as a sci-entific concept. The attitude of society representatives to the manifestations of domestic violence against women was revealed. Their awareness of the essential characteristics of the studied phenomenon is described; availability of moti-vation to struggle against domestic violence; the real state of formation of professional knowledge and skills, ways to prevent domestic violence against women. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the organizational and substan-tive conditions for the prevention of domestic violence against women (informational and explanatory social and psy-chological work with perpetrators; interdepartmental interaction in socio-psychological work with victims of domestic violence; actualization of legal competence of victims of domestic violence through non-formal education). The struc-ture of socio-pedagogical prevention of domestic violence against women is determined, which consists of components such as: organizational, procedural, rehabilitation; criteria (managerial, activity, preventive) and indicators (organiza-tional component: detection of an act of violence, notification to law enforcement agencies, notification to the Depart-ment of Labor and Social Protection, decision-making on further work; procedural component: first aid, referral of vic-tims to qualification services, work with offenders, rehabilitation component: the formation of legal competence, the formation of reflection, work with a psychologist / a social worker) socio-pedagogical prevention of domestic violence against women. The methodological basis of the study are methods that have been selected to know a woman's own self; which allowed women to find out the level of their motivation, awareness, literacy in order to form in them the goal of eliminating domestic violence against women. It should be noted that the questionnaire guaranteed complete confidentiality to the respondents, which allowed women to have less pain and to answer the proposed questions hon-estly. It was concluded that interdepartmental cooperation of all institutions is necessary for the systematic prevention of domestic violence against women. Effective interdepartmental interaction aims to solve the problem of violence against women more effectively; it is one of the main functions of this mechanism. All institutions of interdepartmental interaction (i.e. local communities at all levels) must maintain effective coordination with each other. It is the coordination of actions that becomes the basis for reflecting more effective interdepartmental interaction. The use of public insti-tutions of general information will help to create clear and effective criteria for monitoring and assessing the state of work of public institutions in the fight against domestic violence against women.

An Economic Evaluation of Thailand Juvenile Vocational Training Centers

Themain role of the Juvenile Vocational training center is to rehabilitate young offenders and support their social reintegration, including protecting communities from unsafe situations. Imprison offenders would be faced a real challenge at the time of their release unless efficient and effective programs are provided. The paper analyzed the cost per unit and examined the Economies of Scale of the 17 juvenile vocational training centers across Thailand. The analysis was based on a data set during 2016 -2019 from the Department of Juvenile Observation and Protection. The average cost per unit in the center was $168 per month or $2,018 annually. The results revealed that both small-and large-scale centers were inefficient. Incidentally, this cost per unit paid for an offender was lower than the national comparing average cost of living. Therefore, the means of increasing operational efficiency in Juvenile Vocational Training Center must be exerted to avoid the internal diseconomies of scale.

Student Subjects in Research

Student Subjects in Research

О целесообразности внедрения цикла специальной подготовки врачей-токсикологов по теме «Химикаты двойного назначения — потенциал для создания современного химического оружия»

Актуальность. Химикаты двойного назначения и их потенциальное воздействие являются постоянным объектом наблюдения со стороны многих международных организаций, однако данная информация до сих пор не нашла должного отражения в учебных программах подготовки военных токсикологов. Цель. Подтверждение актуальности расширения спектра знаний по токсикологии химикатов двойного назначения и разработки цикла тематического усовершенствования по этому вопросу. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы материалы Организации по запрещению химического оружия, Австралийской группы, Организации по безопасности и сотрудничеству в Европе по вопросам международного регулирования химического и токсичного оружия. Результаты. Автором обобщены ключевые компоненты системы международного наблюдения за химическими веществами — компонентами химического оружия, дана характеристика химикатов двойного назначения. Представленные списки химикатов подразделяются в зависимости от степени потенциального риска и масштаба коммерческого применения. Подчеркивается, что в учебных программах последипломной подготовки военных врачей преимущественно уделяется внимание изучению оружия массового поражения на основе методологии, разработанной еще во времена Второй мировой войны. Учитывая вышеизложенное, существует необходимость пересмотра учебных программ последипломной подготовки военных врачей с целью создания возможности приобретения слушателями знаний по токсикологии химикатов двойного назначения и современных международных норм их наблюдения и регулирования. Выводы. В современных условиях существует необходимость совершенствования учебных программ последипломной подготовки военных врачей в аспекте изучения токсикологии химикатов двойного назначения и международных норм их контроля.

Pengaruh lokasi terhadap serangan lalat puru Cecidochares connexa (Macquart) pada tumbuhan eksotik invasif Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robinson dan interaksinya dengan komunitas serangga lokal

The gall fly, Cecidochares connexa (Macquart) was first introduced to Indonesia to control the invasive weed Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robinson or kirinyuh. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of habitat type and location, and the presence of natural enemies associated with gall flies on their level of attack. This research was be conducted in various types of habitat in Bogor and South Lampung from January to December 2019. Thirty plant samples were obtained using the area species curve method. Sampling was conducted to collect gall in each habitat, it was followed by rearing gall for ± 1 month to see insects that came out from the gall at the Biological Control Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University. The results of this study indicate that the location of the observation affects the level of attack on gall flies against kirinyuh and parachitization of gall flies by parasitoid, while the habitat does not affect both. Then there are other insects associated with kirinyuh in addition gall flies in gall, namely Lonchaea sp.

The role of visualization of educational material in distance learning

The article discusses the principles that are the foundation of distance learning: completeness, systematicity, availability and openness of materials, interactivity. The main groups of problems that all participants in the educational process faced during the massive transition from full-time education to distance learning were identified — technological, organizational, methodological, as well as the problems of teachers and students being unprepared for this form of education. Examples of the most popular programs for audio and video conferencing are given, which are used by teachers to implement the principle of interactivity in distance learning. The results of a survey of students of the College for the Training of Social Workers of the Department of Labor and Social Protection of the Moscow City, which indicate the implementation of the principle of accessibility and non-compliance with the principle of interactivity in distance learning in a pandemic, are presented. Particular attention is paid to the use of the technology of visualization as a means of increasing the effectiveness of distance learning and the implementation of its principles. The online platform Online Test Pad, which can be used in distance learning, is considered. The use of this platform contributes to the implementation of the principles of completeness, accessibility and openness of distance learning.

Audit and economic assessment of the decision-making process on the provision of social support measures of the department of social protection of the population

Audit and economic assessment of the decision-making process on the provision of social support measures of the department of social protection of the population

Seasonal quantity dynamics of ground beetles on spring wheat under different fertilization systems

Goal. Determine the dominant species of ground beetles in crops of spring wheat with different fertilization systems and study the seasonal dynamics of the number of ground beetles.
 Methods. The research was conducted in 2017—2019 years on the experimental field of NSC «Institute of Agriculture of NAAS of Ukraine» in department of plant protection from pests and diseases. Accounting of carabids fauna in accordance with the generally accepted methodology, mainly using Barber soil traps. The ecological characteristics are given using literature data.
 Results. Specified species composition of the dominant species of carabids in spring wheat crops under different fertilization systems. Represented the seasonal quantity dynamics of mass species of carabids (Bembidion properans S., Harpalus affinis S., Harpalus rufipes D., Poecilus cupreus L., Harpalus distinguendus D.) with mineral (N90P60K90) and organic (with plowing of by-products of the predecessor) fertilizer systems. Population peaks on spring wheat reached maximums in May due to an increase in the activity of species of the spring-summer group of ground beetles (Bembidion properans S., Harpalus distinguendus D., Poecilus cupreus L.), in June — July — due to the summer-autumn group (Harpalus rufipes D. and Harpalus affinis S).
 Conclusions. The peak activity of carabids in different areas is due to the peculiarities of the biology of each species during the growing season of spring wheat and weather conditions. Of the dominant, the most widespread species with mineral fertilizers was Bembidion properans S., with organic — Harpalus affinis S. There is a difference in the trophic specialization of beetles. In the areas with mineral fertilizer, the number of zoophages and myxophytophages was almost at the same level — 33.4 and 36.6 %, respectively. Organic fertilizer was dominated by myxophytophagous carabids (44%) with a mixed type of diet due to the largest number of species and the number of the genus Harpalus, the percentage of zoophagous was 14.5 %.

Overwintering biology of the predatory bug, Orius vicinus (ribaut) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) under outdoor conditions in the eastern mediterranean region of Turkey

Overwintering biology of Orius vicinus (Ribaut) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) was investigated between November 2017 and April 2018 in the Balcali location of Adana Province, Turkey under outdoor conditions. The duration of egg and nymphal development time, pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition periods of females, the number of eggs laid and adults longevity were determined by the experiments performed in the first day of each experimental month under the outdoor conditions at the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cukurova. The duration of egg hatching lasted between 5 and 10 days in all months of experiment and the tested eggs were hatched even at low temperature and under short day length conditions. More than half of the nymphs obtained from the tested eggs became adults in the winter months. Despite the nymph’s survival was affected negatively by the sudden changes in temperature, they were tolerant to the low temperatures and short-day lengths during the winter period. All females in the trials oviposited for about 30 days even in the coldest periods (approximately 15 °C). The females were not affected by the environmental conditions particularly in winter season, and they did not undergo reproductive diapause. The obtained data shed light on the overwintering biology of O. vicinus which may be helpful for their potential role in controlling the non-diapaused pest species such as pest thrips in the early spring season.

Stick insects of the genus Interphasma Chen et He, 2008 (Phasmida: Phasmatidae) from China

An annotated list of the species of the genus Interphasma Chen et He, 2008 from China is given. Interphasma huayingshanense Li, Shi et Wang, sp. n. is described from the Chinese province Sichuan. The type specimens of a new species are deposited in the collection of the Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University.

ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ОХРАНЫ ОБЪЕКТОВ КУЛЬТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ АЛТАЙСКОГО КРАЯ В 2020 Г. (РОССИЯ)

The article devotes to the main results of the work of the Department of State Protection of the Cultural Heritage of the Altai Territory, created in 2017. The main areas of activity are the implementation of powers for state supervision over the state, maintenance and use of cultural heritage sites, measures for state protection, accounting and popularization, an increase of the number of repair and restoration work carried out, and the establishment of responsibility for violations of the requirements of protective legislation. During the period of the department’s work, there has been a positive trend in the main areas of activity for the protection of historical and architectural sites in the Altai Region. As part of improving the regional regulatory legal framework, the department has prepared more than 1000 regulatory legal acts. In the region, the beginning of the formation of judicial practice of bringing to responsibility for the facts of illegal archaeological field work, as well as transactions with archaeological objects in violation of the requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. This laid the foundation for the legal basis for the effective protection of the interests of the state in the field of state supervision over the circulation of cultural values and archaeological objects. Keywords: cultural heritage objects, state supervision, licensing activities, regulatory legal acts, security obligations, objects of protection, territory boundaries, protection zones, preservation, restoration, repair

Determination of correction factor of self-absorption for lead-210 in environment samples using spike method

In environment radiation measurement, calculation the correction factors are critical, especially for low energy measurement because of self-absorption phenomena. In this work the main purpose is to determination the self-absorption correction factors of lead-210 (210Pb) energy (46.5keV) in various environment samples (7 sediments, 5 soil) using an experimental method called Spike Method. The samples were collecting from different places in Syrian. They were prepared according to the laboratory producers starting from collecting, cleaning, drying, grounding, hemogenic and calculating the appearance density. Low-energy gamma spectroscopy HPGe was used for radiation analysis which available at the laboratories of the Protection and Safety Department - Syrian Atomic Energy Commission – Syria. The spike method depends on adding a quantity of a standard solution with a known activity which contains lead isotope 210Pb and added to the studied samples. Self-absorption correction factors (CF) calculated by the ratio of the count rate or activity of spiked and unspiked samples. The CF for sediment samples were between 29% to 54% and for soil samples, the CFs were between 38% to 56% recording correction higher than sediment samples. The results showed a relatively high self-absorption and CFs values because of the chemical composition changeable between the spiked and unspiked samples. For that, it is better to adopt other methods less expensive, give results faster, higher accuracy and do not make change in the chemical composition. The results were also showed the density factor is the most influential factor in self-absorption phenomena.

Analysis of Disability due to Diabetes Mellitus in a Large City

Significance. A majority of people with diabetes are unaware of having diabetes complications. When not well managed, all types of diabetes can lead to complications in many parts of the body, resulting in disabilities and early death. Purpose. To study the dynamics of the disability of the population of Almaty (Republic of Kazakhstan) due to diabetes Material and methods. Data was collected from the registries of medical records in the Republic Center of Electronic Healthcare, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Department of Labor, social protection and migration in Almaty for the period from 2013 to 2017. The object of the study was 651 patients – residents of Almaty, suffering from diabetes mellitus, who were identified as a «disabled child», I, II and III disability groups during the initial examination in 2013-2017 by the territorial departments of medical and social expertise. There were 298 disabled people due to type 1 diabetes, and 353 disabled people due to type 2 diabetes. The study group consisted of 309 women and 342 men. The paper uses data from medical and social examination records, extracts from the medical history and outpatient cards of disabled people suffering from diabetes. Statistical methods the analysis in the research was carried out on the basis of descriptive statistics: average values and standard deviations. Results. Majority of disabled people had decompensated disease. Diabetic retinopathy observed in 29.63 ± 0.06%, including among disabled people of 1st degree is 12.0%, among disabled people of 2nd degree is 42.0%, among disabled people of 3rd degree - 46.0%. Diabetic nephropathy (stage 3 or more) was detected in 22.92% ± 0.03%, including chronic renal failure. Diabetic foot syndrome over five years averaged 19.69 ± 0.04%. Of these: 1st degree disabled people - 15.3%, 2nd degree - 76.3%, 3rd degree - 8.4%. In last 5 years amputations between people with disabilities due to diabetes averaged 12.63 ± 0.02%. Amputation of one or both lower limbs is an irreversible process; it is also the most serious complication of diabetes. Discussion. The results are stated that the indicator of disability due to diabetes among the population of the city of Almaty is affected by type II diabetes adult contingents of the population and type I diabetes more often by children and adolescents. Severe complications (diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic foot syndrome and limb amputation), early disability, premature death put this disease on a par with global health problems.

Species composition of Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) on spring wheat in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Goal. To clarify the species composition of carabids in spring wheat agrocenosis, to determine the dominant species, to compare the number of ground beetles on application of mineral fertilizers and organic nutrients.
 Methods. Field method — accounting of insects on the sowing of spring wheat in accordance with generally accepted methods. Laboratory method — determination of the species composition of ground beetles. The study was conducted in 2017—2019 on the basis of National Research Center «Institute of Agriculture of NAAS of Ukraine», department of plant protection against pests and diseases (Chabany, Kyiv-Sviatoshynskyi district, Kyiv region).
 Results. The species composition of carabid beetles on the sowings of spring wheat under modern conditions has been specified. 41 species of ground beetles from 15 genera were found. On application of mineral fertilizers, the dominant species were Bembidion properans Stephens, 1828, Harpalus affinis Schrank, 1781, Harpalus rufipes De Geer, 1774, Poecilus cupreus Linnaeus, 1758, Harpalus distinguendus Duftschmid, 1812. H. affinis Schr., H. rufipes Deg., H. distinguendus Duft., P. cupreus L., Calathus fuscipes Goeze, 1777, Harpalus smaragdinus Duftschmid, 1812 were dominant species on application of organic nutrients. In both variants, Broscus cephalotes Linnaeus, 1758, Poecilus punctulatus Schaller, 1783, Poecilus versicolor Sturm, 1824, Microlestes minutulus Goeze, 1777 were subdominant species. The ratio of trophic groups of carabid beetles in the agrocenosis of spring wheat has been established. The seasonal dynamics of the number of ground beetles has been reflected.
 Conclusions. In the first variant (mineral fretilizers) 40 species of carabids were registered, in the second (organic nutrients) — 35. Among all identified species (according to trophic specialization) the number of phytophages and zoophages was similar — 21 and 19, but in the experimental variants their ratio differed. The average number of ground beetles during 2017—2019 was: variant 1 — 30.8 specimens per trap, variant 2 — 28.1 specimens per trap.

The role of nectariferous plants in the attraction of coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Goal. To evaluate the role of nectarines in attracting coccinellid in the agrocenosis of spring wheat.
 Methods. Field experience on the effect of nectarines to attract coccinellid; accounting ladybirds on the plot of nectarines and sowing of spring wheat in accordance with standard methods; laboratory — determination of species composition of ladybirds. The study was conducted in the 2017—2019 years. at the experimental field of the National scientific center «Institute of agriculture of NAAS of Ukraine» in the Department of plant protection against pests and diseases (Kiev region, Kiev-Svyatoshinsky district, town Chabany).
 Results. Updated the species composition of coccinellid in modern conditions on nectarines. Identified eight types of ladybirds, among which Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, 1758 and Hippodamia variegata Goeze, 1777 are the dominant species. Reflected seasonal population dynamics of ladybirds. Identified a high effect of attracting coccinellid on the dill, where their average number was much higher than on some other options. Given the average number of ladybugs on spring wheat during the accounting period.
 Conclusions. Considering the useful role of representatives of the family Coccinellidae (Latreille, 1807) on crops, it is necessary to improve the practical use of entomophages and engaging coccinellid in agrocenoses with overseeding nectarines. Culture that attracts the entomophagous defined by dill (40.0 specimen/100 sweep net). More diverse species composition was observed coccinellid on Vick spring (six species). The average number of ladybirds over the growing period of spring wheat amounted to: land adjacent to nechernozeme to 16.7 ind./100 sweep net, control of 9.4 ind/100 sweep net. Such an advantage underscores the need of interplanting of plants that attract coccinellid in agrocenoses.