Department Of Housing Research Articles

Implementation of collaboration planning and budget performance information for special allocation fund in budget planning in the regional development planning agency of Rokan Hilir regency

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the KRISNA Special Allocation Fund in budget planning at the Regional Development Planning Agency of Rokan Hilir Regency. The Collaborative Application System for Planning and Budgeting Performance Information functions to carry out budgeting or proposals for the use of website-based Special Allocation Funds since 2018 in Rokan Hilir Regency. This research uses qualitative research method with descriptive research type. The main informants in this research were the Head of Bappeda, Head of Bappeda Division, Head of Sub Division of Bappeda, Head of Education Office, Head of Department of Housing and Settlements Service, and Head of Agriculture Service in Rokan Hilir Regency. Sample selection is done by (purposive sampling). Based on the results of research and data analysis, it shows that: (1) The implementation of the application system policy since the second quarter for the 2019 budget still has several question marks, including those related to the amount of funds approved by the central government which is not fixed.

Assessing Smoke-Free Housing Implementation Approaches to Inform Best Practices: A National Survey of Early-Adopting Public Housing Authorities.

Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure causes chronic illness and occurs at a higher prevalence in low-income communities than the general public. In 2018, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) instituted a smoke-free housing rule for Public Housing Authorities (PHAs) to address persistent health inequities. However, the success of smoke-free housing requires evidence to inform effective implementation approaches. A mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey was conducted in a national sample of PHAs. Questions focused on housing officials’ use of specific implementation strategies. Adjusted odds ratios were used to assess associations between implementation approaches and variations among PHAs (i.e., region, size, or recency of policy adoption). Qualitative analyses were conducted to assess the perceived effectiveness of implementation strategies. Resident engagement, staff training, and smoking cessation support were the most frequently used implementation strategies. Engagement with local stakeholders was cited less frequently. Enforcement actions were limited with no violations referred to housing court. Support for policy adherence was identified as a sixth implementation strategy. While most PHAs used at least some evidence-informed implementation strategies, a lack of a systematic approach may limit overall effectiveness. Further research is required to resolve implementation barriers experienced disproportionately by a subset of PHAs, and to inform a best practice implementation framework that meets the needs of a heterogeneous population.

"I think everybody will have to get together for it to work": NYCHA Tenant Perspectives on HUD's 2018 Smoke-Free Mandate Captured Prior to Policy Implementation.

In July 2018, a new federal mandate by the Department of Housing and Urban Development went into effect requiring all US public housing authorities to implement policies banning smoking in living units, indoor common areas, administrative buildings, and outdoor areas within 25 feet of these buildings. Although some housing authorities had smoke-free policies in place for decades, others had to implement them for the first time. Housing authorities continue to face challenges in ensuring compliance with these policies, and resident perspectives can greatly inform measures to promote adherence. We conducted in-person interviews with 20 New York City Housing Authority tenants in April 2018. Our thematic analysis examined resident opinions on the upcoming smoke-free housing policy. Although 65% of residents supported the policy, 50% anticipated poor adherence due to expected lack of enforcement, safety issues with smoking outdoors, and general discontent with the housing authority and living conditions. However, many participants felt adherence could be improved if the housing authority optimized resource-provision and communication with tenants. Our study adds to existing literature examining tenant views on the controversial topic of mandatory smoke-free housing policies, and our interviews were conducted at a unique time prior to policy implementation in the country's largest public housing authority. Based on our results, we provide recommendations for housing authorities including: (1) information and resource-provision, (2) safety enhancement, and (3) relationship building with tenants in order to maximize policy adherence. Our study is unique because we captured resident views prior to policy implementation in a housing authority without a preexisting smoke-free policy in place. In comparison, most recent research on this topic has focused on the postimplementation period or used survey research methods in the preimplementation phase. Our findings add to extant research about tenant perspectives on smoke-free housing policies and offer suggestions to address barriers to compliance.

Racial Evolution of an Urban Planet: Scenes From the North American Frontier

In the Summer of 2020, as the latest coronavirus quickened its evolutionary journeys through the human mobilities of planetary urban systems, the research journal of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development published an article by the world's most famous urban economist. Edward Glaeser's article, “The Closing of America's Urban Frontier,” celebrates the influential interpretation of U.S. history offered by Frederick Jackson Turner in a lecture delivered in Chicago in 1893, as part of Glaeser's advocacy of neoliberal, supply-side deregulated city-building as social policy. Yet Glaeser carefully evades the fundamental ethnoracial inequalities at the heart of Turner's frontier thesis, which were inseparable from the Social Darwinist hijacking of evolutionary thought that corrupted economics and other social sciences beginning in the late 19th century. In this paper, the Glaeser-Turner genealogy is used to interpret today's evolving materialities and discourses of race, class, identity, and urbanism. A mixed-methods blend of quantitative modeling and simple, descriptive online media analysis in the spirit of Robert Park's “Natural History of the Newspaper” is used to map the contours of competition, succession, and representation in a planetary urbanism that is now diagnosed as a new phase of “cognitive-cultural” capitalism. Cognitive-capitalist urbanism evolves along multiple semiotic frontiers of cosmopolitan diversity and multidimensional, intersectional hybridity – while valorizing performative competitive hierarchies that legitimate the reproduction of the structured inequalities of capital accumulation. Combinatoric expansion of the spatio-temporal reference points of identity and ancestry present daunting challenges to all who pursue equity or equality – requiring careful strategic confrontation of the meanings of neoliberal planetary human evolution.

Caring for Older Adults Experiencing Homelessness in the Inpatient Psychiatry Setting: Challenges and Recommendations

The older adult population is rapidly growing in the United States and across the globe. The Institute of Medicine estimates that the number of older adults with mental health or substance use disorders will reach 10.1 million to 14.4 million people by 2030. A particularly vulnerable subgroup within this aging population is the subset experiencing homelessness. According to a 2017 report by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, homeless adults >50 years old increased from 22.9% to 33.8% between 2007-2017. Moreover, the number of people >62 years old living in shelters or transitional housing increased during the same time period to 76,000, a growth of 69%. This challenge is likely to worsen in the next decade as adults >65 years old experiencing homelessness is expected to triple between 2017-2030. Amongst the general population of adults experiencing homelessness, there is a higher prevalence of mental health and substance use disorders compared to the general population. Mental health care of older homeless adults can be negatively affected by systemic issues associated with homelessness. Such factors include victimization while being homeless, involvement in the criminal justice system, medication nonadherence, and complex case management issues. Homeless individuals, especially women, with mental illnesses experience higher levels of victimization compared to their housed counterparts. A systematic review found that the on-year prevalence of criminal victimization among adults with major mental disorders was up 35% for violent victimization and 28% for nonviolent victimization. Additionally, the lifetime victimization rate ranged between 74% and 87%. Data also show that 63% to 90% of homeless individuals with severe mental illness have been arrested at least once, 28% to 80% have been convicted of a crime, and 48% to 67% have been incarcerated. These issues may affect rapport building by the treatment team and disposition planning. Furthermore, not attending an outpatient mental health appointment after a psychiatric hospitalization is associated with an increased risk for rehospitalization. A 2007 study determined that patients who attended a follow-up appointment had a 1 in 10 chance of being rehospitalized, whereas patients who did not attend (or were not offered) an appointment had a 1 in 4 chance of rehospitalization. At San Francisco General Hospital, a chart review during a 4-week period between February and April 2020 revealed that 83% of unhoused patients did not show up for their outpatient mental health appointment following discharge from a psychiatric unit. Proposed solutions to help older adults who first experience homelessness late in life include developing more affordable housing, boosting rental assistance (Housing Choice Vouchers), increasing wages, Supplemental Security Income, Social Security Disability Insurance, and state supplemental income. Another proposal is Permanent Supportive Housing (PSH), a program that provides housing paired with supportive services such as case-management, individual and group therapy, and peer support. Veteran-specific PSH has been used to reduce homelessness in chronically homeless veterans (United States Interagency Council on Homelessness, 2018). PSH is also less restrictive and less expensive than nursing home placement of chronically homeless individuals. The At Home/Chez Soi randomized controlled trial from Canada, showed that rent supplements and mental health support services improved housing stability for homeless adults with mental illness.

Changes in Reported Secondhand Smoke Incursions and Smoking Behavior after Implementation of a Federal Smoke-Free Rule in New York State Federally Subsidized Public Housing.

This study assessed changes in smoking behavior and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure after implementation of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) rule prohibiting the use of cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and waterpipes in all federally subsidized public housing, including within residential units (apartments). Using quantitative data from a repeated cross-sectional mail survey of New York State residents of five public housing authorities (N = 761 at Wave 1, N = 649 at Wave 2), we found evidence of policy compliance (99% decrease in odds of self-reported smoking in units, OR = 0.01, p < 0.01, CI: 0.00–0.16), reduced SHS incursions (77% decrease in odds of smelling smoke within developments, OR = 0.23, p < 0.01, CI: 0.13–0.44), and lower reported smoking rates in July 2018 (9.5%, down from 16.8%), 10 months after implementation of the rule. Despite evident success, one-fifth of residents reported smelling smoke inside their apartment at least a few times per week. This study provides insights into how the policy was implemented in selected New York public housing authorities, offers evidence of policy-intended effects, and highlights challenges to consistent and impactful policy implementation.

Accountability and Collaboration for Intergovernmental Performance Management: Communicating Goals through the HUD Grantmaking Process

This paper presents an exploratory case study of a performance-based intergovernmental grant program, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) homeless assistance grants to local Continuums of Care (CoC). The goal is to illuminate the mechanisms by which a federal agency may communicate its priority goals to local grant recipients and seek to promote local actions that further those goals. The mixed-methods case study finds that meeting HUD performance targets does not lead to larger awards in the competitive grant process, casting doubt on the strength of incentives provided by the competitive grants. Nevertheless, the grant making process plays an important role in communicating federal priorities. The system performance metrics emphasized in the grant process coupled with targeted technical assistance appear to promote a focus on performance at the local level and play a role in system reform and capacity building.

Stakeholder perspectives on sustainment of Housing First in a VA permanent supportive housing program.

To evaluate the sustainment of Housing First (HF) implementation in a permanent supportive housing program for homeless-experienced veterans, 5 years after practice implementation. From 2016 to 2017, primary data were collected from providers and veterans in the Department of Housing and Urban Development-VA Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) program at Los Angeles. Guided by the integrated sustainability framework, we performed a mixed-methods study to evaluate the sustainment of HF, an evidence-based practice implemented to improve housing outcomes. To assess sustainment, we measured fidelity to HF in six of seven HUD-VASH teams. These data were integrated with qualitative interviews with providers and veterans who described perceived sustainment to HF and contextual factors that supported or impeded sustainment. Fidelity to HF at 5 years after practice implementation, as a proxy for sustainment, was quantified via surveys with HUD-VASH teams. HUD-VASH providers (n=51) and 31 veterans participated in semi-structured interviews. Team-based template analyses were used to develop an emergent understanding of stakeholder perspectives on HF sustainment. Overall, HUD-VASH teams reported HF sustainment. The lowest fidelity scores were found in the domains of client-to-staff ratios, frequency of client-provider contact, and time to housing. Qualitative findings indicated that outer contextual factors (e.g., housing scarcity) and organizational factors (e.g., staff turnover) impacted HF sustainment. Providers identified changes in leadership and unmet resource needs as impediments to practice sustainment. All stakeholders identified positively with the HF practice and believed that the approach benefited veterans. This snapshot of HF sustainment demonstrates that this practice can be sustained over time. However, strong leadership, organizational resources, and community partnerships are needed. Adaptations to HF in response to outer contextual factors and organizational capacity may result in practice sustainment while allowing for flexibility in service provision.

Eleanor Owen, longtime mental health advocate, passes

Eleanor Owen, an advocate for mental health care in Washington state for more than 50 years, died Feb. 7. Owen had celebrated her 101st birthday less than one month ago. After her son was diagnosed with schizophrenia in the late 1960s, she founded the Washington Advocates for the Mentally Ill and co‐founded the National Alliance on Mental Illness, the Seattle Post‐Intelligencer reported. In 1999, King County Executive and Deputy Secretary of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development Ron Sims honored her with the Lifetime Achievement Award at the King County Mental Health Exemplary Service Awards, according to Wikipedia. In 2000, she received the Jefferson Award from the Seattle Post‐Intelligencer for her advocacy work on behalf of individuals and families affected by mental illness.

An agent-based financing model for post-earthquake housing recovery: Quantifying recovery inequalities across income groups

Past disasters have consistently led to unequal housing recovery for different economic groups, in large part, because of the difficulty of obtaining funding for low-income groups. Current earthquake recovery models simplify the financing process for homeowners to rebuild after earthquakes, and in consequence, cannot fully capture disparities in the recovery outcomes of economic groups. In this article, we develop an agent-based financing model for post-earthquake housing recovery. We focus on single-family, owner-occupied homes. The model includes funding from earthquake insurance, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Small Business Administration, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, private banks, Non-Governmental Organizations, and personal savings. We present a case study investigating the housing recovery financing in the economically diverse city of San Jose, California, following a hypothetical 7.0 Mw earthquake. By including the financial model in housing recovery simulations, we quantify inequalities in recovery time and total reconstruction completion between income groups. We complement the case study by evaluating several strategies to reduce these disparities and show that a combination of income-targeted funding and redistribution of construction crews can reduce inequalities in regional housing recovery.

PENGARUH DISPLIN KERJA, PENGAWASAN DAN IKLIM ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DINAS PERUMAHAN DAN KAWASAN PEMUKIMAN KABUPATEN BATU BARA

The formulation of the problem in this study is whether work discipline, supervision, and organizational climate simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the performance employees of the Department of Housing and Settlement Kabupaten Batu Bara. This study aims to determine the effect of work discipline, supervision and organizational climate on the performance of the employees of the Department of Housing and Settlement in Batu Bara Regency. The sample in this study were all employees of the Department of Housing and Settlement Kabupaten Batu Bara, amounting to 65 people. The data analysis technique in this research is Multiple Linear Regression. The results of this study indicate; Work discipline partially has a positive but not significant effect on employee performance; Supervision partially has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; Organizational climate partially positive and significant effect on employee performance; Work discipline, supervision and organizational climate simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on employee performance.

Actuarial prediction versus clinical prediction of exits from a national supported housing program.

The accurate identification of persons at risk of exiting permanent supportive housing could help maximize client success and minimize attrition and premature exits from such housing. Thus, in the present study, we developed and tested multivariable prediction models of negative and positive exits from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development-Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) program using logistic regression and random forests. We compared the performance of these models with clinical predictions made by HUD-VASH program case managers. We selected a cohort of all 92,196 Veterans who entered HUD-VASH nationwide between October 1, 2014 and September 30, 2019, 70% of whom were randomly selected to serve as the development cohort and the remaining 30% of whom served as the validation cohort. Negative and positive exits were measured until September 30, 2019. A subset of 1,264 Veterans was used to compare performance of models with clinical judgment. Predictor variables included sociodemographic characteristics, health and behavioral health diagnoses, homeless/housing history, and VA service utilization history. Performance of models and clinical judgment were assessed using an array of metrics including area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value. The logistic regression and random forest models had similar, modest performance in predicting negative and positive exits. These models were substantially more sensitive, yet far less specific in predicting exits than clinician ratings. Study findings highlight the challenges and tradeoffs in using actuarial models or case manager predictions to target interventions to Veterans at risk of exiting HUD-VASH. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

The Earth Shall be Enjoyed by Heroes

The Earth Shall be Enjoyed by Heroes Murzban F. Shroff (bio) They came for him after his clinic had shut, his secretary had left, and the neighborhood—usually bustling with activity—was a pale shadow of itself, stunned and frozen under the streetlights. There were three policemen and one policewoman, and among them an older constable, who was grim faced but polite. "Sorry to trouble you, Doctor-sahib," he said from behind his whiskers. "You will have to come with us. There has been a complaint against you. Perhaps some mistake, surely some misunderstanding, but we have to investigate, you know." He avoided the doctor's eyes and stared at the floor unhappily. "Give me a few minutes," said the doctor. "You can sit in the waiting room; I will switch on the A/C for you." He knew what this was about. Or rather, he suspected. Those damn builders! Or was it those municipality guys? What did it matter? There was no difference between the two. Each was as insidious, as corrupt as the other. Look what they had done to his serene, beautiful neighborhood. Sent it under the hammer, sent it reeling, till it was disfigured. And Doctor-sahib, who had grown up here, could recognize it no longer. Anyone else in Doctor-sahib's shoes would have been elated with the changes. Any other doctor, that is. Because more development simply meant more patients, and more patients meant more money. Also, people who bought new flats, costing upward of fifty million rupees, wouldn't crib about a hike in fees. If Doctor-sahib had been a shrewd man of progress, he'd be salivating at the changes; he would have braced himself to benefit from the boom. The truth was: he didn't see this rash of construction as a boom. He saw it as an epidemic. The virus of greed, as he called it, which had gripped the city's caretakers and driven them mad. Why else would they permit construction on small plots in narrow lanes? Why else would they approve plans for residential towers that were twenty stories high, with seven levels of parking, when there was no road to take all that traffic? Why else would they sanction projects with no improvement to the infrastructure or to the sanitation? Madness! Sheer madness! Doctor-sahib would think when walking to his clinic. And not that he had kept quiet and been a passive spectator to all this random construction. [End Page 146] First, he had done a survey of the new buildings coming up in the lane behind his clinic. There were three 20-story buildings, cheek-by-jowl, with three apartments per story. That would mean a minimum of 120 cars per building, 360 cars rolling out every morning, on a road no wider than twenty-three feet. Then, via a letter, he had brought this to the attention of the housing department, the municipality, and the road transport organization and, not getting a reply, to the chief minister. When that failed to draw a response, he had written to the newspapers and moved the Bombay High Court for a stay order on the three other projects that were coming up in the lane. The high court had taken serious note of his objections and imposed a blanket stay on all projects in the neighborhood. That's when the phone calls had started, and the death threats. That's when they had vandalized his 1937 Jaguar Roadstar, causing grievous injury to its sleek black body and to his disbelieving heart. It was just as well that Doctor-sahib was a bachelor and had no family of his own. Otherwise, who knows, his adversaries would have harmed them as well. His single status emboldened him in his fight against his opponents. He was sure that the recent complaint was yet another ploy on the part of those thugs. Well, he wasn't going to back out now. Worse case, he would call his old friend Aditya Sharma to the police station. Aditya was an accomplished lawyer. His name appeared regularly in the newspapers. He was often appointed as amicus curiae, a friend of the...

Obituary: Paul Edward Bowman, recovery advocate

Paul Edward Bowman Jr., 58, a treatment and recovery advocate who has often been a source for ADAW, died Nov. 22. A Massachusetts resident, Bowman worked for the Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development on housing and homelessness. He retired and went on to become a peer recovery coach for Massachusetts General Hospital, South End Community Health Center and, finally, at the time of his passing, Boston Medical Center. Bowman received the Richard Lane/Robert Holden Patient Advocacy Awardfrom the American Association for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence in 2018 (see Christie gives powerful speech at AATOD awards banquet, March 19, 2018; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.31902); spent many hours at dog shows with his Great Dane, Natalie; and drove Nellie the Clydesdale through his beloved Boston. Bowman became a Certified Medication Assisted Treatment Advocate (CMA) with NAMA Recovery, taught CMA classes, served as chapter director of Boston NAMA Recovery, served on the NAMA Recovery Board of Directors and became a peer recovery coach as well as being involved in activities with addiction research, education, decreasing stigma and overdose prevention. Donations in his memory can be made to The Paul Bowman Memorial Fund for Housing Support at Boston Medical Center at http://bmc.convio.net/goto/paul_bowman, and to The Great Dane Rescue of New England at gdrne.org. Bowman's death was due to overdose, yet another sign that nobody is immune. Nobody.

Situated rationalities and management control change – an empirical note on key actors, situated rationalities and generalised practices

PurposeThis paper aims to offer an incremental contribution, augmenting the notion of situated rationality as proposed by terBogt and Scapens (2019). Through insights from empirical data, the authors explore the role of situated rationalities of key individual actors in processes of management control change.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research approach was adopted with qualitative data collected in a single public service organisation through face-to-face interviews, organisation documentation and observations.FindingsThe findings present the important role of key individual actors in bringing about a new situated rationality in a housing department. External austerity forces combined with actors’ experience rationalities acted as a stimulus to change existing management control practices in the management of public services.Originality/valueThe paper conceptualises “experience” rationality, capturing the experiences of a key actor, including elements of leadership style. Drawing on a story of a complex process of management control change, this paper thus reveals interactions between generalised practices and situated rationalities which were not highlighted by the extended framework of terBogt and Scapens.

Association of Childhood Asthma With Federal Rental Assistance

To assess the relationship between type of participation in the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) rental assistance programs with childhood asthma outcomes, such as emergency department (ED) or urgent care center (UC) use, diagnosis, and asthma exacerbations.The population studied includes 2992 children, representative of the US population, between 0 and 17 years old who were receiving rental assistance (HUD) or who had not yet applied (WLG) to receive rental assistance between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2014. These records were linked to the National Health Interview Survey. HUD assists children through 3 programs: public housing, multifamily housing, and housing choice vouchers.This was a retrospective survey study of linked data from the National Health Interview Survey and the National Center for Health Statistics. Deidentified data were used.In the HUD and WLG groups, some asthma outcomes were higher than those seen in the general low-income population. For HUD and WLG children, 23.2 and 24.1%, had an asthma diagnosis, 43.6 and 45.6% of those had an asthma exacerbation in the past year, and 45.4 and 60.7% of those children visited the ED for asthma, respectively. In the general population with incomes <150% of the federal poverty level, without an HUD history, percentages were 12.8, 44.3, and 38.7, respectively. Participation in any rental assistance program was associated with an 18.2% (25% relative reduction) lower use of ED or UC for asthma in children who had an asthma attack in the past year. This association for ED and UC visits was significant in children participating in public or multifamily housing (decreased by 36.6%; 95% confidence interval: −54.8 to −18.4) but not housing choice vouchers (decreased by 7.2%; 95% confidence interval: −24.6 to −10.3). No significant differences were noted in asthma attack or diagnosis rates.There was an 18.2% decrease in ED use for asthma among children who received rental assistance, when compared with children waiting to enter a housing program. Differences were not explained by demographic factors, neighborhood characteristics, or primary care access.In this publication, the authors highlight important structural factors, like housing stability and affordability, that may affect health outcomes in pediatric allergic patients. In previous studies, authors have noted mixed associations between pediatric asthma outcomes and voucher assistance given to public housing residents, with some variation by sex. The underlying factors that lead to differences in health outcomes on the basis of housing access and stress are poorly understood but may be affected by housing codes and percent of income spent on rent, which vary by housing assistance subgroups. Additional studies are necessary to understand whether these differences have any impact on clinical practice. One important limitation of this study is that only 36.8% of subscribers were eligible for health and housing data linkage (did not refuse and answered demographic and rental questions relevant to linkage); this may represent a selection bias for certain characteristics.

Внедрение информационных технологий на предприятии дезинфекционного профиля на примере ГУП МГЦД

In accordance with the national strategy "Sanitary Shield of the Country – Safety for Health," tasks were set for the analysis and assessment of risks in the field of biological safety. To do this: the Moscow City Disinfection Center is connected to a single dispatch system of the UNIT of the Department of Housing and Communal Services of Moscow, an Algorithm for working on the UNIT portal has been developed and uniform deadlines and procedure for fulfilling applications have been determined, the form of primary documentation has been determined. A unit is organized – the Unified Information and Analytical Center, whose tasks include organizing and conducting a single centralized reception, analysis and processing of incoming information (applications for unscheduled disinfection, deratization and disinsection, summary of rodent bites), generation and compilation of reports, as well as consulting support for real-time requests and appeals of the population, customers of the State Unitary Enterprise of the Moscow State Central Executive Committee, regulatory bodies through all available communication channels (telephone, e-mail, etc.). The scoring information system of assessment of a sanitary and sanitary and hygienic condition of objects is developed: apartment houses of the city of Moscow with the territories adjoining to them. The introduction of integrated work of these systems as a whole will allow organizations of the disinfection profile: to reduce the cost of deratizations, to reduce the number of disinfectants without reducing the quality of work, to avoid the excessive use of poisoned decoys, which will dramatically increase public health and safety of the population, as well as reduce the burden on the environment of the city of Moscow. Keywords: sanitary shield of the country, information and analytical center, scoring system of assessment of sanitary and epidemiological condition, electronic systems of rodent monitoring, biological safety, biological risk assessment, biological risk analysis, information support of disinfection activities, digitalization of disinfection measures.

ANALISIS PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, PENGEMBANGAN KARIR DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA PEGAWAI DINAS PERUMAHAN RAKYAT KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN DAN CIPTA KARYA KABUPATEN SUMENEP

The purpose of this study are : 1) describe the organizational culture, career development, work motivation and job satisfaction of the employees of the Public Housing Service of the Settlement Areas and Human Settlements of Sumenep Regency; 2) Test and analyze the relationship of influence simultaneously which is significant organizational culture, career development and work motivation on job satisfaction of employees of the Department of Housing and Human Settlements, Sumenep Regency; 3) Test and analyze the relationship between the influence of organizational culture and job satisfaction of employees of the Public Housing Service of the Settlement Areas and Human Settlements of Sumenep Regency. 4) Test and analyze the relationship between the influence of career development and job satisfaction of the employees of the Public Housing Service for Settlement Areas and Human Settlements of Sumenep Regency; 5) Test and analyze the relationship between the influence of work motivation and job satisfaction of employees of the Public Housing Service of the Settlement Areas and Human Settlements of Sumenep Regency.

Drought Hazard Modelling of Klaten Regency Central Java Using AHP and TOPSIS Method

According to information of areas at high risk of drought provided by Central Java disaster risk assessment in 2016 - 2020, Klaten Regency is in the top ten at high risk of drought in Central Java. Drought is an annual disaster in this region, which usually occurs during the dry season. The impact of the drought has caused some areas to experience a lack of clean water. For the purpose of disaster mitigation in anticipating and minimizing drought disasters losses, it is necessary to analyze the level of drought with a decision-making system by comparing two methods, namely the AHP with TOPSIS. Both methods are decision-making methods that are composed of various criteria to obtain an alternative sequence of choices. Both the AHP and TOPSIS methods produces weight values and a positive ideal solution value, respectively. These are used as input data in the mapping of drought vulnerability analysis with Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The results of the analysis are visualized with a map that shows the level of drought vulnerability. AHP and TOPSIS method decision making generates the order of the drought classes in predicting the distribution of areas experiencing drought. To validate the model, the authors compare the results of the analysis of drought vulnerability of the two methods with drought data from BPBD (Local Agency for Disaster Prevention) and DPUPR (Public Works and Public Housing Department). The results show that AHP provides better results than TOPSIS based on results validation with BPBD and DPUPR data. By comparing the two models with BPBD data, the results show that the percentage of AHP suitability is higher than TOPSIS at 47,619% and 19,048% respectively.

Implementing the Federal Smoke-Free Public Housing Policy in New York City: Understanding Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Policy Impact.

In 2018, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development required public housing authorities to implement a smoke-free housing (SFH) policy that included individual apartments. We analyzed the policy implementation process in the New York City Public Housing Authority (NYCHA). From June–November 2019, we conducted 9 focus groups with 64 NYCHA residents (smokers and nonsmokers), 8 key informant interviews with NYCHA staff and resident association leaders, and repeated surveys with a cohort of 130 nonsmoking households pre- and 12-month post policy. One year post policy implementation, participants reported widespread smoking violations and multi-level factors impeding policy implementation. These included the shared belief among residents and staff that the policy overreached by “telling people what to do in their own apartments”. This hindered compliance and enforcement efforts. Inconsistent enforcement of illegal marijuana use, staff smoking violations, and a lack of accountability for other pressing housing issues created the perception that smokers were being unfairly targeted, as did the lack of smoking cessation resources. Resident support for the policy remained unchanged but satisfaction with enforcement declined (60.1% vs. 48.8%, p = 0.047). We identified multilevel contextual factors that are influencing SFH policy implementation. Findings can inform the design of strategies to optimize policy implementation.