Denture Placement Research Articles

Gingival Health Status of Abutment Teeth in Acrylic Removable Partial Denture

Objective: To determine the change in gingival health status of removable partial dentures abutment tooth/teeth after 1month post-insertion Study design and setting : Quasi-Experimental Study, Department of Prosthodontics, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry Rawalpindi, from October 2021 to April 2022 Methodology: The patients underwent a thorough history and clinical examination after formal consent. Prior to recording the impression for provision of acrylic removable partial denture, the baseline scores for gingival index, plaque index and abutment teeth’s periodontal pocket depth were noted. After 30-days of placement of the acrylic removable partial denture, the patient was recalled for follow up and reassessment of score. Results: Out of 90, there were 64 (71.1%) males and 26 (28.8%) females with average age of 31.1±5.8 years. The average value of plaque index at baseline was observed to be 0.39±0.03, while mean value of gingival index at baseline was found to be 0.19±0.01. At 30 days follow up, the mean value of plaque index significantly increased to 1.21±0.07 (p=0.001). Similarly, the mean value of gingival index after 30 days insertion of the acrylic removable partial denture significantly increased to 1.50±0.09 (p=0.001). No significant difference was observed between 30 days post-insertion indices between smokers and non-smokers, males and females, and <30 and >30 years age groups. Conclusion: It is concluded that the gingival health of abutment teeth significantly gets affected due to removable partial denture. The plague and gingival index significantly worsen due to use of removable partial denture within a month’s time.

Evaluation Of Anxiety In Patients Undergoing Complete Denture Treatment At Two Tertiary Care Hospitals In Rawalpindi And Islamabad

Objective: The objective of the article is to assess anxiety in patients undergoing complete denture treatment. Method: A valid pre-structured questionnaire was presented to the patients desirous of receiving complete dentures after obtaining informed consent. The questionnaire for the survey was filled out and collected from 500 patients receiving complete denture treatment. Results: Of the 500 patients, 61.1% had prior denture experience, and 38.1% were undergoing denture placement for the first time. While 84.4% felt comfortable with the idea of complete dentures, 15.4% found it repulsive. Reasons inducing anxiety in a dental setting, include materials (28.3%), instruments (8.2%), the dentist's chair (28%), and other reasons (60.5%). Specific concerns related to complete denture use included fear of breakage (16.6%), ill-fitting prosthesis (43.3%), and discomfort with wearing and removing dentures (25%). Patients overwhelmingly appreciated having the entire procedure described beforehand (99.2%) and considered language understanding by the doctor as crucial for good treatment (97.8%). Conclusion: There is a greater need for the patient's expectations to be understood and their doubts, concerns and fears to be narrowed by effective communication. A good understanding of patients' mental attitudes will help us improve the technique of dentists towards complete denture treatment in a more patient-friendly way. Keywords: Anxiety, attitude, communication, complete dentures.

Use of T-Scan III in analyzing occlusal changes in molar fixed denture placement

BackgroundThis study aims to analyze the longitudinal variation of occlusal force distribution prior to and after fixed restoration for molar full-crowns with T-SCAN III which provide reference for occlusal adjustment and long-term maintenance.MethodsWe enrolled a total of 20 patients who received conventional restorative treatment for molars. The occlusion examination was conducted in 3 stages (before placement, immediately after placement, and 3 months after placement) using T-SCAN III (Tekscan South Boston, MA, USA, 10.0) to examine and measure the occlusal contact areas of the full dentition.ResultsThe results indicated that the occlusal force distribution in the molar region of the patients changed before and after the fixed restoration, but the percentages of occlusal force in the dental arch of the molar did not differ significantly before and after the restoration (P > 0.05). Three months after the fixed restoration, the percentage of occlusal force in the restored dental arches of lateral teeth increased significantly (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe results of this study indicated that the occlusal forces of the patients changed with tooth movement and adaptation, which is mainly reflected in the increasing occlusal force. Quantitative occlusal force analysis using T-SCAN III occlusal analyzer can provide more objective and accurate data to effectively guide clinical occlusion adjustments.

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ИТТРИЙСОДЕРЖАЩИХ БЛОКОВ ДИОКСИДА ЦИРКОНИЯ

The aim of this review is to determine the positive and negative qualities and properties of zirconium dioxide blocks of different generations, namely 3Y-TZP, 5Y-TZP, 4Y-TZP. &#x0D; Materials and methods. A systematic literature review in the electronic databases Google Scholar and Pubmed was conducted. The articles whose content was based on mechano-optical and physicochemical properties of zirconium dioxide blocks of 1, 3 and 4 generations and their application in practice were considered.&#x0D; Results: 57 articles were reviewed during the analysis, of which 47 from Pubmed and 10 from Google Scholar were selected. After selecting the articles according to the criteria, the total number of studies was 27. The studies evaluated the mechanical and optical properties of different generations of zirconia blocks.&#x0D; Conclusion: The use of yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide ceramics of different generations in dental practice provides opportunities to obtain quality results in the fabrication and placement of crowns, dentures, veneers and other prosthetic structures. Speaking about physical, mechanical and optical properties, it should be noted that each generation has different indicators. Specialists should be careful when choosing zirconium dioxide ceramics, as optical properties are not always a decisive factor when selecting a material for fabrication of fixed structures.

Digital workflow of labial guides for alveolar ridge reduction during implant-supported full-arch rehabilitation.

This article presents a technique for fabricating two-piece labial guides using resin and cobalt-chromium for guided alveoloplasty, implant placement, and immediate full-arch implant-supported fixed complete denture placement. This technique reduces tissue damage and overcomes the negative effect of the anatomical position of the palatal neuropore and mobility of the tissue flap on the positioning and stability of the guide. The use of labial retention metal guides with improved mechanical properties of cobalt-chromium and fixation plugs allows the unilateral placement of the guide. Thus, minimally invasive implant surgery can be performed owing to the absence of large palatal flap elevation and obstruction. Such a design provides better stability of the guides and clear visual access during surgery.

DYNAMIC CHANGES IN INDICATORS OF COMPUTERISED OCCLUSION ANALYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH OCCLUSAL DISORDERS RESULTED FROM IMPROPER DENTAL PROCEDURES

Introduction: The time of adaptation of the patient's maxillofacial apparatus to reconstructive manipulations is a crucial issue in prosthodontics. The sequence of actions and diagnostic measures used in the preparatory stages for prosthetics is still remaining unclear. Our research aimed to predict the duration of treatment and occlusal correction needed in combination with repositioning of the lower jaw.&#x0D; Materials and methods: 134 patients were included in the study. T-Scan computerized analysis of occlusion was used before the treatment, immediately after the denture placemen, and in 3 and 6 months following the treatment. Patients were divided into three groups: the clinical group I of 60 patients (44.8%) had direct and indirect orthopaedic appliances of small and medium length; the group II of 40 patients (29.9%) received prosthetic correction with removable and fixed dentures, was divided into two subgroups. The 1 subgroup of the group II included 23 patients (17.2%), who had total preliminary prosthetic correction with fixed ceramic dentures with pronounced architecture of the occlusal surface. The 2 subgroup of the group II involved 17 patients (12.7%), who had total preliminary prosthetic correction with removable and fixed ceramic dentures with pronounced architecture of the occlusal surface in the lateral areas. The group III of 34 patients (25.4%) was similar to those in the I and II groups, but had a common somatic pathology underlying the development of neurotic symptoms.&#x0D; Symptomatic manifestations of functional disorders of the maxillofacial apparatus were characteristic for each group. The group I had muscular symptoms (including pain), noises made by the TMJ, a feeling of discomfort during long conversations and chewing. The group II had symptoms similar to those in the group I as well as pain in the TMJ region and difficulty with mouth opening. The group III had neurotic symptoms such as radiating pain along the branches of the trigeminal nerve and the presence of trigger points as well as the symptoms experiences by the groups I and II.&#x0D; The treatment involved the doctors from related fields of medicine; the verification of occlusal contacts was carried out across all the stages of the procedure of denture placement using a T-Scan computerized analysis of occlusion.&#x0D; Results: The results demonstrate the normalization of closing and opening times in all three study groups immediately after denture placement and with a gradual improvement over the first 6 months that is due to adaptation processes in the dento-maxillofacial apparatus. The balance between left and right sides has also been restored. These results have been confirmed clinically, and in particular, by the reduction or complete absence of symptoms in the patients of all clinical groups.&#x0D; The worst dynamic changes were found in the patients of the group III. The closing time increased to 0.5-0.7 ms, the opening time decreased by 0.3 ms, the balance of the right and left sides was 40%-60%. These results can be attributed to the history of neurogenic pathology.&#x0D; Conclusions: The highest percentage of successful treatment outcomes was achieved in patients of the clinical group II. From a prognostic standpoint, diagnosis and making a treatment plan should be based on the analysis of occlusion correction using the T-Scan that allows prosthodontists to achieve a functional optimum in the future.

Expression of Stro-1, Runx-2, Osterix, and Alp in Alveolar Bone Regeneration Process Following the Administration of Hydroxyapatite Gypsum Puger (HAGP) Scaffold

Introduction: Tooth extraction before denture placement could result in trauma and damage to up to 50% of the alveolar bone, inducing bone resorption, and affecting the patient’s quality of life. Hydroxyapatite Gypsum Puger (HAGP) can be used as an alternative to bone graft material which degrades slowly, affecting the proliferation and activity of cells that are responsible for bone tissue engineering. This study aimed to analyze the regeneration mechanism of alveolar bone by administering the HAGP scaffold and observing the Stro-1, Runx-2, Osterix, and ALP expression. Methods: Laboratory experimental research was conducted and we used 150-355µm HAGP scaffold particles, applied in vivo inside alveolar sockets of the rats for 7, 14, and 28 days, followed by immunohistochemical examination of Stro-1, Runx-2, Osterix, and ALP expressions. Results: The HAGP scaffold group showed that the Stro-1 expression was significantly higher than the K(-) group, and the Runx-2 expression increased on day 7 and decreased on day 28 in the HAGP and K(-) groups. Osterix expression increased from day 7, 14, to day 28. The high expression of Osterix on day 28 means it took over the Runx-2 function. In ALP there was a significant increase on day 7. ALP expression was a sign of early osteoblast differentiation and production by cells, this extracellular matrix mineralization is an indicator of the osteogenic process. Conclusion: Alveolar bone regeneration mechanism in rats revealed that the expression of Stro-1, Runx-2, Osterix, and ALP was higher in the HAGP scaffold group compared to the control group on days 7,14, and 28.

AESTHETIC REHABILITATION OF SEVERE ANTERIOR ALVEOLAR RIDGE DEFECT WITH ANDREWS BRIDGE-A CASE SERIES

Loss of variable amount of soft and hard tissueis often an inevitable consequence of missing teeth.Prosthetic rehabilitation of large anterior alveolar ridge defects is often a challenge to the clinician.1 Such defects require not just the replacement of teeth, but also closure of defective area so as to achieve proper speech and aesthetics. Fixed removable partial dentures are indicated for patients with extensive tissue loss and when the alignment of opposing arches creates difficulties for placement of conventional partial denture. Andrewss bridge is a type of fixed removable prosthesis indicated in patients with severe ridge defects. This type of prosthesis successfully replaces missing teeth along with complete closure of defect, restoring speech and aesthetics.2.

Factors affecting the healing of decubital lesions in patients wearing newly made dentures

Background/purposeDecubital lesions or traumatic ulcers caused by dentures usually appear one or two day(s) after new dentures placement due to mismatch of the microrelief of the tissue and the microrelief of the gingival surface of the prosthesis. The study aimed to analyze factors that could influence the healing of ulcers during a one-week period after the placement of new partial and complete dentures. Materials and methodsThe prospective cohort study included 60 patients with new denture-induced traumatic ulcers. Traumatic ulcers were treated with denture adjustment, or combination of adjustment with 0.2% or 0.3% hyaluronic acid gels respectively for seven days. Healing of ulcers were observed through measurement of perimeter, area, maximum and minimum diameters on digital photographs. Multivariate logistic regression was used to predict other factors that could affect healing process. ResultsPerimeter, area, maximum and minimum diameters of denture-related ulcers were significant decreased after application of gels on the fifth and seventh day. The fifth day ulcers were not healed if dentures were only adjusted, while healed lesion was 40% for the other two groups. On the seventh day, the percent of healed lesion in the group with dentures adjustment was 20%, while it was increased to 75% healed lesions for combination of denture adjustment and hyaluronic acid gels. Anticoagulant/anti-aggregation drugs also had positive impact on ulcer healing; antihypertensives that included diuretics slowed ulcer healing, other monitored factors in the study did not show a significant impact. ConclusionHyaluronic acid in combination with the dentures adjustment for seven days leads to higher healing rate, and reduction in size of ulcers that did not heal until this time point.

Dentinogénesis imperfecta: reporte de un caso

Introducción: La dentinogénesis imperfecta (DI) es una alteración hereditaria que se origina en la etapa de histodiferenciación durante la odontogénesis, constituyendo una forma de displasia mesodérmica localizada, caracterizada por una expresa alteración de las proteínas dentinarias. Se clasifica en dentinogénesis tipo I (relacionada con osteogénesis imperfecta), DI tipo II (no relacionada con OI) y DI tipo III (de Brandynwine). Objetivo: Determinar el tipo de dentinogénesis, tendencia familiar y características clínicas del paciente, para establecer un diagnóstico temprano y el patrón hereditario que presenta. Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino de 3 años de edad, acudió a consulta por hipersensibilidad dental y molestia durante la masticación; presentó una alteración de estructura y color de los órganos dentales presentes, abscesos, atricción y pérdida de la dimensión vertical, radiográficamente se observa obliteración pulpar, marcada constricción cervical y raíces cortas. Después de los análisis clínico y radiográfico, historia familiar e interconsulta con genética se descartó OI y se estableció el diagnóstico de dentinogénesis imperfecta tipo II, de carácter autosómico dominante, sin predilección de sexo. Se restauró con coronas de acero cromo y se realizaron las extracciones necesarias, continuando con la colocación de mantenedores de espacio y prótesis parciales removibles. Conclusión: Debido a que en los pacientes con DI, la primera dentición se ve más afectada, es de suma importancia realizar un diagnóstico temprano para iniciar cuanto antes un tratamiento adecuado. En este tipo de pacientes es imprescindible llevar a cabo interconsulta con genética para descartar su asociación con otras entidades.

Fabrication of an accurate guide plane template for removable partial dentures by using CAD-CAM

This technique enables the establishment of an accurate reciprocation distance to resist undesirable forces on abutments and ensure the parallelism of removable partial denture placement on the guide template by using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture techniques and to ensure accurate abutment preparation.

Frenectomy as a Multidisciplinary Prostho--Perio Management Approach for Partial Denture: A Case Report

Background: The frenulum is defined as a thin membrane attached to the alveolar mucosa and periosteum which limits lip movement. The attachment of frenulum may influence prosthetic construction in denture making.&#x0D; Objective: To describe frenectomy in prostho–perio cases for the manufacture of partial dentures.&#x0D; Case Report: A 38-year-old woman presented to the Prosthodontic Department of Hasanuddin University Dental and Oral Hospital for an artificial tooth implant. The patient was referred to the periodontic department by a prosthodontist for frenectomy. Intraoral examination showed a high frenulum from the alveolar crest to the labial mucosa of the upper jaw. The patient had no history of hypersensitivity and was diagnosed with gingival frenal attachment. Surgical excision was performed, and frenulum tissue was excised, which was followed by irrigation and suturing.&#x0D; Results: The control period of one week post treatment showed good outcomes when the patient was referred to the prosthodontist.&#x0D; Conclusion: Frenectomy helps in preparing denture placement in high frenulum cases.&#x0D; Keywords: frenulum, frenectomy, prospective surgery

Clinical study of risk factors for adherence of Candida to dentures

We aimed to identify the time of adherence, predicting factors, and species of Candida adhering to the mucosal surface of new maxillary dentures fabricated and placed in our department. Three types of oral samples from 32 patients were collected at the time of new denture placement (baseline) and at five follow-up visits (1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months). Candida adherence, indicated by a positive culture originating from the mucosal surface of the denture base (MSDB) at any time during follow-up, was tested for its associations with several putative predictors. The protocols of a second, additional study were identical to the initial study except that, at each visit, all 22 participants received an educational intervention regarding denture cleaning and maintenance. Of the 14 patients with extensive oral Candida colonization at baseline, 11 already had Candida -positive MSDB swabs at the 1-month follow-up. Candida carriage, xerostomia, and denture cleaning habits were associated with MSDB Candida colonization. In the additional study, when subjects consistently cleaned and maintained their dentures, Candida was detected at a lower rate on the MSDB at follow-up visits after 6 months than that observed in the initial study (18% [4/22] vs. 56% [18/32], p < 0.05). Candida carriage at the time of new denture placement is strongly predictive of subsequent adherence to the MSDB. Regardless of the oral Candida carriage state, patients can limit this colonization by consistently following good cleaning and maintenance habits, starting from the time of new denture placement.

Long-term observation of periodontal condition following placement of removable partial dentures with rigid retainers and major connector in patients with/without diabetes: A retrospective study.

This retrospective study evaluated the periodontal tissues of the abutment teeth of removable partial dentures (RPDs) with rigid retainers and major connectors in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). A total of 313 patients who had been treated with RPDs, including rigid retainers and major connectors, were divided into two groups: T2D and non-T2D. The periodontal parameters and radiographic bone heights of the abutment teeth were evaluated at baseline and at a 5-year examination during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). For patients with accessible standardized radiographs, bone density was analyzed based on the gray level (GL) using digital subtraction radiography (n = 83). Overall, 739 abutment teeth (86 in the T2D group) of 235 patients (25 in the T2D group) were analyzed, and 95.0% (94.2% in the T2D group, and 95.2% in the non-T2D group) were maintained. The mean probing pocket depth significantly increased in both groups (p < 0.001). There were significant changes in the radiographic bone height (p = 0.038) and GL on the side of the denture base area (p = 0.048) in the T2D group compared to those in the non-T2D group. Regardless of T2D, RPDs with rigid retainers and major connectors could prevent the progression of periodontal disease and successfully maintain most of the abutment teeth during 5-years of SPT. However, T2D may be significantly associated with loss of bone height reduction and density on the side of the denture base area.

Self-reported stress among senior dental students during complete denture procedures.

Stress is a common problem that can have a considerable impact on student performance and subsequently the quality of treatment given to the patients. This study aimed to investigate the levels and reasons of stress among senior dental students when they perform different complete denture clinical procedures. A questionnaire was designed and distributed electronically among senior dental students of 19 universities in Saudi Arabia. The students were asked to score the levels of stress during five complete denture clinical steps on a scale from zero to ten and report factors contributing to it. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were carried out by One-way ANOVA and independent t-test to compare stress scores between different procedures. A total of 419 responses were collected, 195 (46.5%) males and 224 (53.5%) females. One-Way ANOVA revealed statistically significant difference in the mean stress scores between the five procedures (P < 0.001). The highest mean stress score was for border molding and final impression procedure (4.06 ± 2.664) and jaw relation (4.20 ± 2.690). Moreover, the Stress scores were significantly higher among females when compared to males in all procedures (P < 0.05) except the placement of final denture (P > 0.05). Border molding, final impression, and jaw relation records cause more stress for dental students than the other complete denture procedures. Difficulty of these two procedures was the most common reported stress provoking factors.

Assessment of Nutritional and Psychosocial Status of Elderly Patients Wearing Removable Dental Prosthetics.

Introduction:Tooth loss is an age-related problem. As age advances, people's ability to maintain their teeth is affected due to their reduced physical capacity and income. After fitting dentures, resuming a healthy diet can help alleviate a variety of discomforts, both psychological and physiological. The present study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional and psychological status of elderly patients with removable dentures.Materials and Methods:A longitudinal study was conducted among 502 elderly participants to assess their nutritional status and psychological impact on elderly people who recently underwent denture placement. The data regarding nutritional status and its psychological impact due to tooth loss were collected from participants, and after 3 months of adaptability, postdenture data were collected. The survey was conducted in five parts, including initial demographic analysis, nutritional status, and psychological impact before and after denture wearing.Results:> Most participants noticed a substantial increase in food consumption after wearing dentures to 59.76%. About 39.64% of the participants were reported to be skipping their meals regularly before wearing the denture. There was a significant increase in participants' ability to eat hard food, which accounts to be by 66.53%. There was an improvement in confidence in their smile by 32.87% of the participants after wearing dentures compared with their previous state. Only 34.66% of participants were worried about wearing dentures in public.Conclusion:Removable dentures in senior persons had a substantial impact on nutritional balance. The study also claims that wearing a complete denture improves edentulous people's psychological well-being and quality of life.

ANALYSIS OF STRESS DURING THE PLACEMENT OF REMOVABLE DENTURES OVER IMPLANTS

Implant-supported removable dentures are one of prosthetic dentistry modalities to replace missing teeth and have a long history of the development. Dentures placed over implants offer opportunities to restore dentition defects resulted from various causes. Different defects of the dentition require their own restorative techniques. In recent years, implant-supported prostheses have become more commonly preferred over full dentures. For patients with low distal bone levels and problems with placement and stabilization, 4-implantsupported dentures seem to be a good option. Four bar implants for supporting dentures are considered more reliable in terms of fixing the prosthetic structures over them. The aim of this work is to analyze the effect of implant-supported denture placement on the implants themselves and peripheral tissues, depending on the denture models, level of implant placement, the angle of placement, as well as the length of the console in the structure. Results. In 10 different mathematical models, the angles of implant placement in the bone were taken as equal to 90°, 17° and 30°, and the level of placement was equal to 1 mm and 3 mm (in accordance with the configuration of the jaw bone). The length of the cantilever bar system prepared on implants was 0 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm in different models. The load on the model was actually equal to the chewing pressure, 100 N (approximately 10.2 kg), when chewing a 1 cm solid food mass. The pressure was applied from 3 different points: from the anterior section, when the centre of the bolus was at the place of contact between the central incisors; in the right posterior region, when the centre of the bolus was at the contact between the 2nd premolar and the 1st molar; from the left posterior region, when the centre of the bolus was in the area of contact between the 2nd premolar with the 1st molar. After 3D analysis, the Von Mises stress findings in the implant area and the corresponding color scales were obtained, as well as the maximum and minimum stress values in accordance with the color scale. Conclusion. Based on the analysis and comparison of the obtained values, the study has determined that the stress distribution is optimal for some implant models, for others it can be too small or too large due to uneven stress values. The study of models based on the method of 3D three-dimensional stress analysis by the finite element method and the results of these studies are elucidated in the article.

Prerequisite for Successful Implant Placement with a Comparative Study on Novel Bone Ring Technique: A Review

Implant placement is getting space day by day. However, in every case, we never get the ideal condition of alveolar bone for implant placement. Alveolar bone loss is seen due to periodontitis, tooth loss, tooth extraction, and periapical infection, etc.&#x0D; Resorption of alveolar bone varies from person to person and side to side. It has been noted that the size of the residual ridge shrinks more quickly within the first six months.&#x0D; There is new demand for reconstruction of the alveolar ridge for implant placement. Various techniques are available for increasing the ridge height and width by using bone graft, membrane, etc., one of these is the vertical ring procedure.&#x0D; Bone ring technique (BRT) has been described as a one-stage approach to restore vertical ridge height defects, in which an autogenous or allogeneic bone block graft is used and the implant is placed simultaneously.&#x0D; This review aims to focus on the importance of the implant placement, consequences of complete edentulism, the problem with removable partial denture (RPD) placement, as a result of bone loss in fully edentulism patients, and the use of vertical ring technique for the implant placement.

FREQUENCY OF TRAUMATIC ULCERATION IN TISSUES UNDERNEATH NEW CONVENTIONAL COMPLETE DENTURES

Objective:&#x0D; To determine the frequency of traumatic ulceration in denture supporting tissues following the provision of new complete dentures.&#x0D; Materials and Methods:&#x0D; This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed at the Prosthodontics Department of Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar over a period of 18 months. With the method of history and clinical examination and using a structured data collection sheet presence of traumatic ulcers in tissues underneath conventional complete dentures was recorded in 184 patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria and who had not been previously wearing CD in both jaws. Patients were examined 3 to 4 days following the placement of their complete dentures, on their first recall appointment, for the presence of traumatic ulceration.&#x0D; Results:&#x0D; Patients (N=184) had mean age of 55.85±2.22 (SD) years with male to female ratio of 1:1.9. Patients returning with one or more traumatic ulcers 3 to 4 days following the placement of their complete dentures were 141 (76.6%) while 43 (23.4%) patients developed no ulcers. Ulcers were more commonly found in older age groups and in females.&#x0D; Conclusion:&#x0D; Traumatic ulcers were reported in majority of the patients who received conventional complete dentures. Thus the role of a prosthodontist does not end with the placement of the prosthesis. Regular follow up visits and adjustments need to be carried out following placement of complete dentures to ensure patient comfort and acceptance of the prosthesis.

Withdrawal: "Torus lesions of the jaw: Diagnosis and clinical implications" Gary G. Ghahremani, David R. Naimi, Zohreh K. Ghahremani.

This article is being re-evaluated as of 05 July 2021 for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi:10.1111/ijcp.13697.