Dental Pulp Disease Research Articles

Efecto del ácido lipoteicoico sobre la expresión de genes en cardiomiocitos de ratón (H9c2)

Most dental pulp diseases and diseases of tissues surrounding the root are somehow related to micro-organisms. Peptidoglycans and lipoteichoic acid are two of the main Gram-positive bacteria components with activities related to sepsis development. When tissues sustain microbial invasion the host responds with both unspecific inflammatory defenses and specific immunological reactions. Surgical and non surgical endodontic treatments are essentially debridement procedures intended to destroy and eliminate the microbial eco-system associated to the pathological process. It is essential for clinicians to understand the intimate relationship existing between micro-organisms and endodontic disease, so as to be able to tailor a rational and effective treatment especially in subjects susceptible to infective endocarditis processes. In the present study research was conducted on TNFα, IL-1 COX-2 expression through the effect of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of Streptococcus sanguinis by characterizing intra-cellular signals involved in H9c2” cardiomyocytes. The cell line was treated with LTA at different concentrations during 30 minutes. When compared to control group, responses to LTA treatment were dependent on dosage. That expression was assessed by means of a One Step RT-PCR (Invitrogen) analysis. It was noted that the afore mentioned expression resembled the organisms’s physiological response during an infective endocarditis episode and to exacerbation observed during an endodontic procedure.

The etiology and comprehensive treatment of dental pulp disease

Objective To explore the etiology and treatment of dental pulp disease.Methods The clinical data on 100 patients with dental pulp disease who had received treatment from October 2007 to November 2010 were retrospectively analyzd.The patients were randomly divided into study group and control group,50 for each group.The control group received formocresol ( FC ) or camphor phenol ( CP ) for temporary close,and then mummification agent or root canal filling agent for permanent filling.The study group was treated with tinidazole,iodoform,and dexamethasone mixture,then twist cotton or cotton balls for CP temporary close.After symptoms disappeared, mixture of tinidazole, iodoform and dexamethasone was applied to fill the root canal,reaching the tip of the canal; zinc phosphate cement powder was used for filling the bottom,and then permanent filling was completed.The success rates of temporary close and permanent filling in both groups were analyzed.Results In the study group,temporary close succeeded in 43 patients but failed in 7,with a success rate of 86.0％; permanent filling succeeded in 43 patients but failed in 7,with a success rate of 86.0％.In the control group,temporary close succeeded in 29 patients and failed in 21,with a success rate of 58.0％ permanent filling succeeded in 26 patients and failed in 24,with a success rate of 52.0％.There were significant differences between the two groups in the success rates of temporary close and permanent filling ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The diagnosis of most dental pulp disease can be confirmed based on medical history,clinical symptoms,and examination and analysis.Timely comprehensive treatment can achieve satisfactory outcomes. Key words: Dental pulp disease; Comprehensive treatment; Etiology; Exploration

Radiological diagnosis of periapical bone tissue lesions in endodontics: a systematic review

This systematic review evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of radiographic methods employed to indicate presence/absence and changes over time of periapical bone lesions. Also investigated were the leads radiographic images may give about the nature of the process and the condition of the pulp in nonendodontically treated teeth. Electronic literature search included the databases PubMed, Embase and CENTRAL from January 1950 to June 2011. All languages were accepted provided there was an abstract in English. The MeSH terms were 'Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)', 'Radiography, panoramic', 'Periapical diseases', 'Dental pulp diseases', 'Sensitivity and specificity', 'receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve', 'Cadaver', 'Endodontics' and 'Radiography dental'. Two reviewers independently assessed abstracts and full text articles. An article was read in full text if at least one of the two reviewers considered an abstract to be potentially relevant. Altogether, 181 articles were read in full text. The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of evidence of each radiographic method based on studies of high or moderate quality. Twenty-six studies fulfilled criteria set for inclusion. None was of high quality; 11 were of moderate quality. There is insufficient evidence that the digital intraoral radiographic technique is diagnostically as accurate as the conventional film technique. The same applies to CBCT. No conclusions can be drawn regarding the accuracy of radiological examination in identifying various forms of periapical bone tissue changes or about the pulpal condition.

A STUDY ON CLINICAL AND X - RAY FEATURES OF PARTIALLY  EDENTULOUS PATIENTS WITH DENTAL IMPLANT

1. Background: Loss of permanent teeth is very common, affected chewing function, speech and aesthetics; restoration of missing teeth with dental implant has several advantages, but we need thoroughly study the clinical and X ray features at the position at missing teeth, then to select the type of implant and make the best plan for the dental implant patients. 2. Materials and method: Cross-section descriptive study. From January 2009 to November 2010, study with 56 patients with 102 implants of MIS and Megagen systems at the Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue College of Medicine and Pharmacy and Vietnam-Cuba Hospital in Ha Noi. 3. Results: Distributed equally in male and female, common ages 40 – 59 (55,4%), the majority of missing teeth occurs in the lower jaw (63,8%) and especially, the teeth 36 and 46 (25,4%). The majority of missing teeth due to dental caries, dental pulp and apical diseases (64,7%) of the molar teeth (51,9%); the most position of missing tooth have enough bone for dental implants (87,3%), time of tooth loss and bone status in the position of tooth loss are related to each other (p < 0,01). Diameter and length of implant usually used 4.0 – 6.0 mm (63,7%) and 8.5 – 13.0 mm (83,3%). 4. Conclusion: Clinical and X ray features of edentulous patients has an important role in determining the type of implants and treatment planning of dental implants. Key words: Loss of permanent teeth, X ray and clinical features, Dental implant.

Biofilm–substrate interaction: from initial adhesion to complex interactions and biofilm maturity

The bacteria‐related diseases of dental caries, pulp and periapical infections, and diseases of the periodontium are biofilm diseases. Dental plaque exhibits the general properties of biofilms and an understanding of biofilm development in health and disease is crucial to the understanding of dental disease, and will unlock effective targeted treatment strategies. Biofilm development requires complex interactions between microorganisms, and with the host. Initially planktonic cells in the aqueous environment of the oral cavity attach to host surfaces, first by physical forces though ultimately by specific adhesive reactions between host and bacteria molecules. Initial bacterial colonizers alter the immediate environment and offer additional binding sites to other bacteria that cannot react directly with the host surface. These co‐aggregation reactions allow various bacterial species to join the evolving community and participate in its development. Development of the microbial community is also dependent on the nutritional source. Early colonizing bacteria are adept at utilizing the immediate nutritional source at the host site, primarily carbohydrates. With the accumulation of bacteria, nutritional demands become more complex and proteins, amino acids, glycoproteins, and vitamins must be supplied from either the host tissues or other bacteria. The biofilm community must co‐operate to effectively achieve metabolism of these complex molecules and perform other functions, while other interbacterial inhibitory reactions such as bacteriocin production or quorum sensing occur in the biofilm, influencing the development of the bacterial community. As such, oral bacteria do not exist independently but function as a co‐ordinated, spatially organized, and metabolically integrated microbial community.

Identify and Determine the Metrics, Hierarchy, and Predictive Value of All the Parameters and/or Methods Used During Endodontic Diagnosis

A Consensus Conference on Terminology was convened by the American Association of Endodontists in Chicago on Oct 3, 2008 to review solicited papers on focused questions. This paper addressed the question: Identify and determine the metrics, hierarchy, and predictive value of all the parameters and/or methods used during endodontic diagnosis. The best available clinical evidence was used to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of pulpal and periapical testing methods and imaging technologies. Diagnosis of dental pulp diseases suffers from operator's inability to test/image that tissue directly due to its location within dentin. In general, current pulp tests are more valid in determining teeth that are free of disease, but less effective in identifying teeth with pulp disease. Radiographic imaging is probably the most commonly used diagnostic tool to determine the status of root-supporting tissue, although interpretation of structural changes in the periradicular tissues is still considered unreliable.

Interleukin-1β Activity and Collagen Synthesis in Human Dental Pulp Fibroblasts

Immunopathologic reactions play a significant role in inflammatory diseases of dental pulp. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is recognized as a key player in mediating cellular immune response. In this study, we measured the content of IL-1beta and its effect on collagen synthesis in cultures of fibroblasts derived from healthy and diseased dental pulps. We found that diseased pulp fibroblasts contain 2.5-fold greater amounts of IL-1beta and synthesized 80% greater amounts of collagen compared with healthy pulp fibroblasts. However, exogenous IL-1beta failed to stimulate collagen synthesis by diseased fibroblasts, whereas collagen synthesis by healthy pulp fibroblasts was stimulated by more than 2-fold. These observations imply that pulp disease induces abnormalities associated with fibroblast response toward IL-1beta.

Human polymorphonuclear granule components: Relative levels detected by a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in normal and inflamed dental pulps

Lysosomal granules of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN's) contain proteolytic enzymes and other components important in the regulation of inflammation and the elimination of bacteria or debris associated with pulp disease. However, PMN lysosomal degranulation is nonspecific and can result in destruction of healthy connective tissue adjacent to the areas of damaged or infected tissue. For this study a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the human PMN lysosomal granule products: elastase, cathepsin G, and lactoferrin. Evaluation of 55 pulp samples yielded a statistically significant difference (p less than 0.05) among the levels of elastase and lactoferrin in normal and moderate to severely inflamed pulps. Although cathepsin G levels were increased, there was no statistical significance (p greater than 0.05) among groups. The results indicate that a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique can be used to measure PMN lysosomal granule components in dental pulp tissues. Additionally, elastase and lactoferrin levels appear to be valid diagnostic markers of advanced dental pulp disease.

Besredka antiviral in diseases of the mouth. Redalien (Presse méd., 1928, No. 25)

According to Redalien, antiviral can be used with great success in painful superficial diseases of the oral mucosa, especially in gingivitis and ulcerative stomatitis, specific and nonspecific, where pain is a dominant phenomenon. Antiviral compresses are applied in this case for 15-30 minutes, and during this period they must be changed 2-3 times. Good results from application of antivirus were also obtained by the author in the initial stages of pyorrhea, as well as in a number of diseases of dental pulp and periodontium.