Dental Kits Research Articles

Analysis correlation of the remaining tooth number and muscle mass in women 45 to 69 years old: a cross-sectional design

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tooth loss is a prevalent condition among older adults. Maintaining at least 20 teeth in the oral cavity is crucial for optimal masticatory function, which in turn is important for adequate nutrient intake, including protein necessary for muscle mass synthesis. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the number of remaining teeth and muscle mass in women aged 45-69 years, a demographic that typically begins to experience a decrease in muscle mass. Methods: The research used an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional design. Subjects were selected using purposive sampling techniques based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in a sample size of 60 participants. The independent variable was the number of remaining teeth, while the dependent variable was muscle mass. The number of remaining teeth was assessed using a disposable dental kit. Muscle mass was measured with a TanitaⓇ BC-541 digital body composition scale, and height was measured using a microtoise. All participants provided informed consent, and data were recorded on a measurement result sheet. The data were then tabulated and analyzed descriptively and using the Spearman correlation test, with a significance threshold set at 0.000 (p-value <0.05). Results: The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.672, indicating a significantly positive correlation between the number of remaining teeth and muscle mass in women aged 45-69 years. Conclusion: A lower number of remaining teeth is associated with lower muscle mass in women aged 45-69 years.KEYWORDSElderly, tooth loss, muscle mass

An overzealous use of zinc oxide: zinc toxicity from temporary dental cement

A 52-year-old male attended a dental hospital following a referral from a royal infirmary regarding hyperzincaemia (zinc toxicity) and hypocupraemia (low copper levels). The patient had been using an excessive amount of over-the-counter zinc oxide temporary dental material for the previous 18 months owing to a phobia of dentists and misconception about amalgam fillings as caries. This resulted in acquired peripheral neuropathy, muscle weakness and the inability to walk without wheelchair aid. We present the reasons clear warnings should be in place and education is required for the general public when self-prescribing with ‘at-home’ dental kits. CPD/Clinical Relevance: It is important to break down patient barriers to accessing dental care.

Application of Chemical Techniques in the Manufacture of Some Industrial Dental Materials

This method of manufacturing Separating Medium was used in the field of chemical polymerization, in which a semi-gelatinous liquid was placed on the dental kits to prevent the adhesion of the gypsum material to the dermis made of hot processed polymer. After the experiments on the plant seeds, specifically the flax plant, the final extraction of the substance has been reached. It has given all the desired good specifications that are used in the field of dentistry. It is known that this material is a polar compound was diluted with distilled water after preparation. It is worth mentioning that 10% of the industrial pigments have been added to give them the red or pink color as these colors are desirable and common in the commercial markets as well as It is recommended for the dental products manufacturers, as well as 10% of the original alcohol and 1% of formalin to prevent the growth of bacteria and other types of microorganisms that cause rotting and decomposition of the manufactured material.

APPLICATION OF ANTISEPTIC AND OSTEOPLASTIC DRUG FOR DESTRUCTIVE PERIODONTITIS TREATMENT

Introduction: Treatment of destructive forms of chronic periodontitis is extremely topical. Its relevance is associated with the features of treatment, which depends on the stage of the exacerbation process. The issue of the problem is also in the fact that the destructive seat of periodontitis is a source of chronic infection. The aim: The task of the research was to evaluate the conservative treatment of chronic destructive forms of periodontitis with a dental kit "Cupratin", developed for professional usage in dental practice. Materials and methods: "Cupratin" is a complex medicament based on suspensions of calcium hydroxide, copper-calcium hydroxide and powder, which contains hydroxide aluminosilicate and calcium sulphate, radiopaque filler. It has bactericidal and osteoplastic effect. The treatment involved 44 patients (44 teeth) in the age group of 37 to 50 years suffering from chronic granulating periodontitis without concomitant diseases. Patients were divided into two groups: investigated and control. In the main group of patients, a suspension on the basis of copper-calcium was used for treatment (root canals were filled with "Cupratin" as a temporary filling material). Obturation of canals was preceded by chemical and mechanical treatment. The medical material was in direct contact with periodontal tissues for 20-55 days. Intraoral X-ray radiography was taken from the patients within the intervals of 3 and 6 months. Results and conclusions: Positive results were obtained, which were characterized by the disappearance of subjective symptoms, intensive bone tissue reconstruction in the site of destruction and a decrease in the size of the destruction respectively.

Why work harder than you need to? Maintaining your dental instruments for easier, safer dental surgery

One of the biggest obstacles to effective dental surgery in general practice is that of blunt or damaged instrumentation. There are two surgical extraction techniques and an instrument type for each technique. The Elevation technique uses instruments with fatter, less acutely edged blades to rotate the tooth in its socket, tearing the periodontal ligament fibres to loosen the tooth. The luxation technique uses instruments with thin acutely edged blades to cut the periodontal ligament to loosen the tooth. Most surgeons use both luxation and elevation techniques during dental surgery. When a blade is used to cut any material, the sharp edge of the blade bends over slightly, widening and blunting the cutting edge. If a honing tool is used to realign this bent section back to the original shape, the blade can be maintained in a perfectly sharp state. If a blade is sharpened, metal has to be removed from the blade edge. If this sharpening is done by hand, the original cutting angles are difficult to replicate, resulting in blades that are not appropriately shaped for the surgery being performed. A number of manual and mechanised sharpening systems are available, but even mechanised sharpening, if incorrectly used, can change the characteristics of the blade and prevent it from working as designed. Instead, blades should be gently honed after each use to realign their cutting edges. Dental instruments are not immortal and should be replaced when the blade edges are damaged or misshapen. Regular honing and replacement when necessary will keep your dental kit in a perfect state at all times, resulting in easier, faster and safer dental surgery.

Influence of full mouth rehabilitation on oral health-related quality of life among disabled children.

The efficacy of full mouth rehabilitation (FMR) on oral health‐related quality of life of physically disabled children was assessed. This prospective study was performed at Dental Department of Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City, Riyadh, and King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, during May 2012 to September 2014. A total of 186 physically disabled children aged 11–14 years were assigned to a test group (n = 97) or a control group (n = 89). FMR was applied for test group children at baseline and 3 months' visits, whereas those in the control group did not receive FMR. Both group children received dental kits and oral hygiene instructions. Children were asked to complete the Child Perceptions Questionnaire, whereas Parental‐Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire and Family Distress Domain questionnaire were completed by the parents/caregivers at baseline and 6 months' visits. Children in both groups showed positive trends in oral symptoms at 6 months compared with those at baseline. However, when they were compared to control, significant improvement in oral symptoms was observed in the test group at 6 months' visit (p < .05). Also when they were compared to control, significant improvements were observed in the functional limitation, emotional, and social well‐being subscales of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire and on the Parental‐Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire scales at the end of the study (p < .05). Compared to the parents/caregivers of the control children, the parents/caregivers of the test‐group children reported insignificant but positive trends in Family Distress Domain at the end of the study (p < .05). FMR in children reduced oral‐related problems subsequently to a better oral health‐related quality of life.

Dental Problems and Emergencies of Trekkers—Epidemiology and Prevention. Results of the ADEMED Expedition 2008

Dental problems are rarely mentioned in the training of medical students or physicians in travel medicine, and there are little data on dental problems of travellers in the literature. We studied the epidemiology of dental problems amongst trekkers in Nepal to develop strategies for preventive care during/before travelling and propose a curriculum for dental First Aid training. We undertook a prospective, cross-sectional questionnaire and clinical dental survey of Trekkers at Manang (3550 m, Annapurna Circuit, Nepal). The questionnaire was developed based on published literature and clinical experience (exploring: availability of dental kits, dental history, current dental problems, and nutritional behavior). Dental examination included: dental status, papillary bleeding index (PBI), and plaque index (Quigley and Hein; QH). Questionnaire and clinical findings were compared to data of the Annapurna Conservancy Authority about the number of days of trekkers in the region to estimate the incidence of dental problems of trekkers. None of the 309 participants carried a dental first aid kit. Dental problems, potentially treatable with a dental first aid kit, were reported by 50/309 (16.5%). Oral hygiene en route was significantly worse than home hygiene practice; overall increased plaque indices were found (Median QH: 2.25 in women; 2.36 in men). Participants who visited a dentist ≤6 months before departure had significantly fewer problems, and had lower PBI [males 0.07 (IQR 0.0 to 0.29), females 0.0 (IQR 0.0 to 0.11)]. Combining our findings with data of the park authorities on person days in the region (2007), we found a risk of dental problems as follows: any dental problem 1:23.7 trekking days; gingival bleeding 1:37.7 trekking days; dental pain 1:145.2 trekking days; lost fillings 1:339 trekking days; fractured teeth 1:509 trekking days. Dental problems can pose significant discomfort for anybody travelling in regions with low/missing infrastructure. Improved awareness regarding dental first aid is essential and physicians counseling travellers in preventive strategies should advise a dental checkup pre-departure. Dental first aid and emergency treatment in the field should be included in the training curricula in travel medicine for both undergraduate and postgraduate students.

Estudo da prevalência de periodontite apical numa população adulta portuguesa

Estudo descritivo transversal cujo objetivo consistiu em quantificar e analisar a prevalência de lesões periapicais, segundo o índice periapical de Ørstavik (PAI), nos doentes das primeiras consultas da clínica da Área de Medicina Dentária da FMUC/HUC. De um universo de 856 doentes foi avaliada uma amostra de 157, que acorreram à primeira consulta entre 1 de janeiro e 30 de abril de 2011, que reuniam os seguintes critérios de inclusão: idade superior a 18 anos, ortopantomografia atualizada, mais de 8 dentes em boca e consentimento informado e esclarecido assinado. Os dentes com tratamento endodôntico (TE) foram alvo de radiografias retroalveolares e avaliados quanto ao índice PAI e à qualidade da obturação canalar. A prevalência de periodontite apical (PA) em dentes com TE foi de 29,6%, ou seja, a taxa de sucesso do TE na amostra foi de 70,4%. Ao considerar a raiz como unidade de análise, a prevalência de PA foi de 29,3%, ou seja, 70,7% das raízes com TE apresentavam um PAI < 3. A prevalência de PA na amostra total de 4.204 dentes foi de 4,4%. Os resultados expressam a deteção atempada de lesões periapicais, atendendo a que o PAI mais prevalente em raízes sem TE é PAI = 3. A prevalência de doentes com TE, 31%, foi inferior à expectável, tendo como referência publicações de países com um nível semelhante de taxa de sucesso, 70,4%, o que pode indiciar a possibilidade da medicina dentária nacional apresentar potencial evolutivo no sentido de incrementar a adoção de terapêuticas mais conservadoras. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to quantify and analyse the prevalence of periapical lesions according to the periapical index of Ørstavik (PAI) in patients from first consultations at Dentistry Area of FMUC/HUC. From 856 patients, 157 were selected during the first consultations at the Dentistry Area of FMUC/HUC between the 1 st of January and the 30th of April, 2011, with the following inclusion criteria: age over 18 years, panoramic radiography updated, more than 8 tooth in mouth and signed informed consent. For oral examination we used a complete dental kit. The teeth with endodontic treatment (ET) were subject to periapical radiographs and evaluated with the PAI index and quality of root canal filling. The prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in the sample was 4.4%. The prevalence of AP in endodontically treated teeth was 29.6%, and when the root was the common denominator, the prevalence of AP was 29.3%, whereby the success rate was 70.7% for roots with ET. The prevalence of AP in the sample of 4 204 teeth was 4.4%. The results express the timely detection of periapical lesions, given that the PAI more prevalent in roots without ET is PAI = 3. The prevalence of teeth with ET of 31%, was lower than expected, compared with reference publications from countries with similar level of success rate, 70.4%, which may indicate the possibility of our dental care to evolve towards more conservative therapies.

Introducing emergency dental kits into Edmonton hospitals

Introducing emergency dental kits into Edmonton hospitals

Portable Digital Assistants (PDAs) in dentistry: Part II - Pilot study of PDA use in the dental clinic

To describe a simple technical evaluation of the access, security issues and uses of wireless networked PDAs in a dental clinic and report a pilot study investigating students' educational use of PDAs to access a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) in a dental clinic. To undertake a technical evaluation of wireless networking to PDAs focusing on security issues, robustness of the system and accessibility particularly to educational resources. To evaluate the impact of using a PDA on undergraduate students in the dental clinic and at home. Part II describes the technical and educational evaluation of PDAs used by one group of 12 undergraduate fourth year students in the Primary Dental Care clinic. A cross over trial of six students with PDAs and six without was carried out during one semester of 12 weeks. Technical issues such as secure internet access using wireless connectivity were addressed. An assessment of the general and educational use and the students' attitudes towards using PDAs was undertaken using online questionnaires and focus group discussions. Over 90% of participants wanted PDAs as part of their dental kit. The potential of PDA use in dental training was demonstrated by a good to excellent response by over 75% of participants to having access to online support materials, particularly videos, being able to make notes for individual study and to keep a diary of their commitments to teaching sessions. Recreational use included a 100% good to excellent response to playing games and keeping a diary. The PDA proved to be a convenient and versatile mode of access to online education. Technical solutions enabled a substantial proportion of the functionality of WebCT (Web Course Tools) to be accessed by the students in a clinical environment. Both novice and experienced users were able to appreciate the use of the PDA and the less able considered that their ICT skills had improved. However, further research is needed to determine how students use a range of new technologies in their undergraduate programmes. The Dental Institute plans to recommend that all students will use this device in the future throughout their five-year curriculum, and the scoping of the implications of this recommendation is underway.

Imaging of the Surface of Human and Bovine Articular Cartilage with ESEM and AFM

The surface of human and bovine articular cartilage was imaged with environmental SEM and AFM. The effective modulus of the surface, from force--distance curves obtained with AFM, remained constant at 9±2 kPa in the presence of synovial fluid. Extensive washing of the cartilage surface with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) removed a superficial gel-like layer, leaving a granular layer intact. Force--distance curves showed that the chemical and mechanical properties of the gel exposed to PBS changed over time. The effective modulus at the surface dropped from 481 to 4 kPa over an hour. The results suggest that the gel-like layer, having partly lost water through evaporation on removal from the joint, absorbs water from PBS. It becomes softer and eventually begins to dissolve. The low effective modulus of the gel-like layer in synovial fluid indicates that it is too soft to influence the surface roughness. Imprints of the surface under pressure were taken using a low viscosity dental kit. Imaging of the imprint surface indicated that the topography of the cartilage under pressure was similar to that of the surface after removal of the gel-like layer. In conclusion, imaging of articular cartilage with ESEM and AFM revealed two distinct non-fibrous layers, which are granular and gel-like, and cover the fibrous collagen matrix.

Evaluation of Mutagenicity of Restorative Dental Materials Using the Ames Salmonella/Microsome Test

Compounds of five commercially available dental material kits were examined for mutagenic potential by use of the Ames Salmonella/microsome test. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as the solvent for all materials, except MONO-LOK2 Primer and Right-On Activator, which were dissolved in 95% ethanol. The Tenure, Fuji, and Gluma materials were initially screened at 2 mg (solids) or 2 microL (liquids) per plate, without S9 (Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver microsomes), and dose-response studies were conducted for those materials showing potential mutagenicity. The components of three dental kits, MONO-LOK2, Right-On, and Gluma, were further examined, both with and without S9 activation, at doses of 0.2, 4, 20, 100, 500, and 2500 micrograms (nL for liquid components) per plate. The data showed no mutagenic potential for the components of Fuji Glass Ionomer (Type III), Tenure Dentin Bonding System, and MONO-LOK2 kits, or Right-On Paste. However, Gluma 3, a component of the Gluma/Lumifor Bonding System, exhibited mutagenic activity in a dose-response manner. The mutagenicity of Gluma 3 was demonstrated in repeated experiments. Gluma 4 and the resin of the Gluma dental kit, as well as Right-On Activator, caused a slight increase in the number of revertants, and judgment regarding their mutagenicity could not be made conclusively. The results of this study indicate that some commercial dental materials may not have been adequately tested for mutagenicity, and that a reliable test program for evaluation of mutagenicity of dental materials is needed so that their safe use in dental practice can be ensured.

Dentistry and man on the moon

Nine brief articles describe current research involving astronauts. Topics covered include: physiologic changes; bone demineralization; food in space; oral hygiene technics; lunar organisms; bite boards; dental kits; dental problems in space; and filling material for astronauts’ teeth.

Emergency dental kits for hospitals

A small dental emergency kit is inexpensive and useful. The contents can be changed to suit the needs of the dentist. Such a kit should be available in all hospitals. A small dental emergency kit is inexpensive and useful. The contents can be changed to suit the needs of the dentist. Such a kit should be available in all hospitals.

An emergency dental kit encasement for use on extraterrestrial missions. SAM-TR-66-34.

Abstract : Steps were taken to construct an emergency dental kit for buddy or self-care during prolonged space flight. Initial steps taken included a material study, material selection, a design study, prototype design, and destructive testing of a model. Also included is an explanation of the properties of Lexan and Nopcofoam, the materials selected, as well as of the other materials considered. A design based on sandwich construction was developed and the characteristics of this design are summarized.