Prevention Of Dental Caries In Children Research Articles

Air abrasion with additional water supply for sealing fissures of permanent teeth in children

Relevance. The prevalence of caries in permanent teeth of 6-year-old children in Russia reaches 13%. In view of tooth enamel mineralization completion within a few years after the eruption, the role of primary prevention is especially significant. Fissure sealing is one of the preventive measures. At the same time, the effectiveness of dental caries prevention in children within the first year after tooth eruption reaches sufficiently high rates.Material and methods. The study involved 58 children. The experimental group included 30 children (105 teeth) who had the fissures sealed by air abrasion with additional water supply using a "Rondoflex plus 360" handpiece ("KaVo", Germany). The control group included 28 children (89 teeth) who underwent standard non-invasive sealing. Sealing effectiveness was assessed in 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months using the E.M. Melnichenko formula modified by the authors. Statistical data were represented by percentage; the χ2 test identified inter-group differences.Results. The experimental group showed the best sealant retention (up to 76.19% after 24 months). In the control group, the percentage of retained sealant was 48.31% by the end of the follow-up period. After 1 and 2 years, the total sealant loss was 11.24% and 22.48%, respectively. This fact may be associated with the failure of the sealant adhesion to the tooth enamel under the influence of a constant chewing load.Conclusion. Analyzing two-year follow-up results, we found that caries developed in 3.81% of cases in the main group, and the control group revealed caries in 12.37%. Thus, the effectiveness of fissure sealing using air abrasion with additional water supply is 63.4% higher compared to the non-invasive technique (χ2 =16.638, p<0.001).

Streptococcus mutans detection on mother-child pairs using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization – time of flight mass spectrometry and polymerase chain reaction

Background: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) bacteria mainly cause dental caries in children. These bacteria are not considered oral indigenous bacteria since they are transmitted from people around children during their deciduous teeth eruption. The detection of these bacteria can be used for dental caries prevention in children. Purpose: To determine the strain and serotype of S. mutans by using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization – time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on dental plaque samples taken from mother-child pairs. Methods: Sixteen dental plaque samples of mother-child pairs were cultured on brain heart infusion broth (BHIB) and mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) media until S. mutans colony isolates were obtained. Next, the isolates of S. mutans colony were introduced into the target plates of MALDI-TOF MS, and then ionized to become peptide mass fingerprint (PMF). Afterwards, the colony isolates were detected by database software. The detected S. mutans DNA then was extracted by using conventional 727 bp PCR (serotype C). Results: Six strains of S. mutans were detected by MALDI-TOF MS method. Five samples were classified into UA159, two samples were 3SN1, two samples were NFSM1, two samples were 11A1, two samples were U138, two samples were 4SM1, and one sample was classified into another bacterium. Five out of 16 samples were detected by PCR as serotype C (UA159). Conclusion: Six strains of S. mutans were detected, namely UA159, 3SN1, NFSM1, 11A1, U138, and 4SM1, one of them (UA159) was detected as serotype C.

A differentiated approach to the dental caries prevention in children with different levels of caries risk

Relevance.Prevention of caries of the first permanent molars is one of the most relevant problems in pediatricdentistry.Purpose– to develop an algorithm for prevention of first permanent molars caries in children with differentlevels of caries risk.Materials and methods. The article presents the results of the implementation of the algorithm for prevention of first permanent molars caries in children with different levels of caries risk. This algorithm includes a comprehensive assessment of the values of indices dmft, DMFT, OHI-S, and the patient's health group is also taken into account. The study involved 253 children aged 6-7 years divided into 4 groups: 3 groups of children depending on the health group and the control group. 3 subgroups were identified in each group – with a low, medium, and high caries risk. We developed preventive measures schemes were for children of each group including training in oral hygiene; controlled and home toothbrushing using fluoride-containing toothpastes; applications of varnishes containing fluoride, calcium, phosphates from 2 to 3 times a year; fissure sealing of the first permanent molars. We carried out these activities were for 24 months, and then evaluated theirs effectiveness. Children in the control group were trained in oral hygiene. The clinical effectiveness of medical prophylaxis was evaluated by changes in the above clinical indicators.Results. In group of children with medium caries risk the increase in caries was 0.09, and the reduction in caries was 89.65%. In children with a low and high caries risk no increase in caries was observed; the reduction in the intensity of caries was 100%. A significant decrease in OHI-S oral hygiene index values was noted in all groups (p < 0.05). We noted high preventive efficacy of fissures sealing in the first permanent molars. No occlusal surface caries developed in sealed fissures.Conclusions. The application of the proposed preventive schemes in patients demonstrates high efficacy of fluoride and calcium-containing varnishes and sealing the fissures of the first permanent molars.

Effectiveness of dental caries prevention in children with bronchial asthma

Asthma is one of the common diseases in the pediatric population in children, the prevalence of asthma in children in the world is 5 – 10 %. According to the literature, the dental caries in children with asthma is 68. 45 – 88. 1%. The development of dental caries in children with asthma is affected by changes, which are in the body of children, as well as long-term drug treatment.Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of preventive measures in children with asthma.Material and methods. Under our supervision, which lasted for two years, there were 144 12-year-old children suffered from asthma and were treated in the pulmonary allergy department of the children's regional hospital. A set of measures was developed for the prevention of dental caries for children with I-II and III-IV severity of asthma. Assessment of the effectiveness of the complex of preventive measures was carried out after 6, 12, 24 months according to the following criteria: caries intensity (DMF), reduction of the increase in the dental caries intensity, enamel resistance by TER.Results. The improvement of the following indicators was found for 2 years of our observation: decrease in the increase of caries intensity in children with III-IV compared with I-II severity of asthma; improving of oral hygiene (according to the Green-Vermillion index); increase of enamel resistance by TER test. The reduction of the increase in caries intensity in children with asthma constitutes 46.94% in children with I-II and 51.02% with III-IV severity of asthma.Conclusions. The analysis of the results of the children’s examination for two years of application of the developed set of measures for dental caries prevention shows that the implemented measures are effective for use in children depending on the severity of asthma.

Dental caries prevention in children and adolescents: a systematic quality assessment of clinical practice guidelines.

To evaluate the quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for dental caries prevention in children and adolescents MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a systematic search of CPGs on caries preventive measures between 2005 and 2016. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, TripDatabase, websites of CPG developers, compilers of CPGs, scientific societies and ministries of health. We included CPGs with recommendations on sealants, fluorides and oral hygiene. Three reviewers independently assessed the included CPGs using the AGREE II instrument. We calculated the standardised scores for the six domains and made a final recommendation about each CPG. Also, we calculated the overall agreement among calibrated reviewers with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Twenty-two CPGs published were selected from a total of 637 references. Thirteen were in English and nine in Spanish. The overall agreement between reviewers was very good (ICC = 0.90; 95%CI 0.89-0.92). The mean score for each domain was the following: Scope and purpose 89.6 ± 12%; Stakeholder involvement 55.0 ± 15.6%; Rigour of development 64.9 ± 21.2%; Clarity of presentation 84.8 ± 14.1%; Applicability 30.6 ± 31.5% and Editorial independence 59.3 ± 25.5%. Thirteen CPGs (59.1%) were assessed as "recommended", eight (36.4%) "recommended with modifications" and one (4.5%) "not recommended". The overall quality of CPGs in caries prevention was moderate. The domains with greater deficiencies were Applicability, Stakeholder involvement and Editorial independence. Clinicians should use the best available CPGs in dental caries prevention to provide optimal oral health care to patients.

フッ化物ゲル歯面塗布法(歯プラシ・ゲル法)の乳歯う蝕予防効果

フッ化物ゲル歯面塗布法(歯プラシ・ゲル法)の乳歯う蝕予防効果

Application of probiotics for dental caries prevention in children

Application of probiotics for dental caries prevention in children

Serial clinical examinations as the main approach to dental caries prevention in children

Leading scientific and organizational prerequisites for the feasibility of clinical examination of the entire child population of the Russian Federation to the dentist is, above all, the high prevalence and intensity of dental diseases in children of all ages. As a result of many years of research and follow-up of children of preschool and school age we have proved the need to distinguish a group of children with zero activity of dental caries. The referring criteria are determined according to the results of comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination in order to determine the degree of risk of dental caries and individual caries resistance. The age-specific risk group is settled by "Stop caries" software. In order to optimize the preventive activities children are divided in 5 groups for routine preventive dental care. Unfortunately the efforts of modern dental services aimed at eliminating the consequences of caries process by filling cavities. Individualized preventive approach will increase the effectiveness of preventive measures and save public funds allocated in the amount of compulsory health insurance for pediatric dentistry.

Erythritol May Reduce Dental Caries in High-Risk School Children

Article Title and Bibliographic Information Effect of erythritol and xylitol on dental caries prevention in children. Honkala S, Runnel R, Saag M, Olak J, Nommela R, Russak S, Makinen PL, Vahlberg T, Falony G, Makinen K, Honkala E. Caries Res 2014;48(5):482-90. Reviewer Jaana Gold, DDS, PhD Purpose/Question To determine the efficacy of daily consumption of erythritol, xylitol, and sorbitol candies by first- and second-graders on the development of enamel and dentin caries lesions. Source of Funding Cargill R&D Center Europe (Vilvoorde, Belgium), manufacturer of sweeteners Type of Study/Design Double-blind, cluster randomized clinical trial Level of Evidence Level 2: Limited-quality, patient-oriented evidence Strength of Recommendation Grade Not Applicable

Effect of Erythritol and Xylitol on Dental Caries Prevention in Children

Objective: The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of long-term, daily intake of erythritol and xylitol candy, compared with sorbitol candy, on the development of enamel and dentin caries lesions. Methods: The study was a double-blind randomized controlled prospective clinical trial. Altogether 485 primary school children, first- and second-graders at baseline, from southeastern Estonia participated in this 3-year intervention. Each child consumed four erythritol, xylitol or sorbitol (control) candies three times per school day. The daily intake of polyol was about 7.5 g. The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) was used in the clinical examinations by four calibrated examiners at baseline and at 12, 24 and 36 months. Results: The annual examination analyses and the follow-up analyses confirmed that the number of dentin caries teeth and surfaces at 24 months follow-up and surfaces at 36 months follow-up was significantly lower in the mixed dentition in the erythritol group than in the xylitol or control group. Time of enamel/dentin caries lesions to develop and of dentin caries lesions to progress was significantly longer in the erythritol group compared to the sorbitol and xylitol groups. Also the increase in caries score was lower in the erythritol group than in the other groups. Conclusions: In the follow-up examinations, a lower number of dentin caries teeth and surfaces was found in the erythritol group than in the xylitol or control groups. Time to the development of caries lesions was longest in the erythritol group. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01062633.

Fluoride and Dental Caries Prevention in Children

1. Charlotte W. Lewis, MD, MPH* 1. *Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, Child Health Institute and Seattle Children’s Hospital Craniofacial Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA. * Abbreviations: CWF: : community water fluoridation ECC: : early childhood caries FDA: : Food and Drug Administration FPL: : federal poverty level FTP: : fluoride toothpaste FS: : fluoride supplement FV: : fluoride varnish NHANES: : National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1. Low-income children experience more dental caries and more complications of caries, such as dental abscesses. Beginning fluoride toothpaste and fluoride varnish during the first year of life can reduce low-income children’s risk of getting dental caries. 2. Pediatricians and other primary care clinicians for children have an important role to play in implementing a dental caries primary prevention program for all children, which should include regular use of fluoride as the mainstay. 3. Fluoride toothpaste and community water fluoridation benefit both children and adults, decreasing the risk of dental caries throughout the life span. After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Understand the mechanism that leads to dental caries. 2. Understand how fluoride prevents dental decay. 3. Be knowledgeable of the various sources of fluoride. 4. Be aware of evidence to support safe use of fluoride and how to counter misinformation perpetuated by antifluoride groups. 5. Be able to recommend specific fluoride modalities, depending on the child’s risk for dental caries. Fluoride is a valuable caries prevention modality that has a large body of evidence supporting its use. Because infants, young children, and their parents typically visit the pediatric office many times before ever seeing a dentist, parents may bring questions about fluoride to their pediatricians. Moreover, health supervision visits provide unique opportunities for pediatricians to address fluoride in the context of preventive oral health. However, until recently, pediatricians typically received little training in oral health and therefore may need additional education about fluoride to answer parents’ questions, counter misinformation, and ensure appropriate use of fluoride among their patients. Given that approximately one-quarter of US children younger than 5 years have caries, it is particularly important that …

Fluoride and Dental Caries Prevention in Children

Fluoride and Dental Caries Prevention in Children

A Community-Based Program for Dental Caries Prevention in Children was Found to Overcome Multiple Barriers to Care and Improve Children's Oral Health

Article Title and Bibliographic Information A model for extending the reach of the traditional dental practice: the ForsythKids program. Niederman R, Gould E, et al. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139(8):1040-50. Reviewer Joel Berg, DDS, MS Purpose/Question Does a school-based comprehensive aggressive preventive intervention reduce caries incidence in children with a high caries risk? Source of Funding Delta Dental Services of Massachusetts, Charlestown was the primary funding agency of this study Type of Study/Design This was a retrospective cohort study, as the determination of who resides in which group was made retrospectively. Level of Evidence Level 2: Limited-quality, patient-oriented evidence Strength of Recommendation Grade Grade B: Inconsistent or limited-quality patient-oriented evidence

A Model for Extending the Reach of the Traditional Dental Practice: The ForsythKids Program

The authors describe and evaluate the short-term effectiveness of a community-based program for dental caries prevention in children. The authors enrolled pupils in the ForsythKids program after receiving informed consent. They targeted children at six Massachusetts elementary schools, grades 1 through 3, with pupil populations at high risk of developing caries. The children underwent examination by dentists using calibrated technique and received comprehensive preventive care from dental hygienists. The authors determined effectiveness by means of comparing results of the initial examination with those of a second examination performed six months later. At baseline, 70 percent of the 1,196 participating children had decayed or filled teeth. More troublingly, 42.1 percent of the primary teeth and 31.1 percent of the permanent teeth had untreated decay. Six months after preventive intervention, the proportion of teeth with new decay was reduced 52 percent in primary teeth and 39 percent in permanent teeth. Furthermore, the percentage of children with newly decayed or restored primary and permanent teeth was reduced by 25.4 percent and 53.2 percent, respectively. These results indicate that this care model relatively quickly can overcome multiple barriers to care and improve children's oral health. If widely implemented, comprehensive caries prevention programs such as ForsythKids could accomplish national health goals and reduce the need for new care providers and clinics.

Co㎜unity health activities for dental caries prevention in children.

Co㎜unity health activities for dental caries prevention in children.