Caries Index Research Articles

Dental Caries Status in Primary Molars: Useful Indicator of Oral Health-care Service Delivery among 5–6 Years Old in Middle-Income Countries

The main aims of the study were to quantify the burden of caries and determine factors associated with the highest risk for caries among 5–6-year-old schoolchildren in Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional descriptive study based on clinical oral examination, an interviewer-administered questionnaire for children and a parental self-administered questionnaire was conducted among, 5–6 years old (n = 403) in a selected province. Prevalence of caries was 56.7% (95% CI: 51.5–61.9%) and 3.4% (95% CI: 2.4–4.3%) for primary and permanent dentitions, respectively. A decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index of 3.01 (95% CI: 2.61–3.41), significant caries index which is the DMFT of one-third of the study group with the highest caries score of 7.62 (95% CI of 7.34–7.9), prevalence of severely decayed untreated caries with pulpal involvement, ulcerations, fistula, and abscesses (PUFA) of 32.77% (95% CI of 32.32–33.22%), and a mean PUFA score of 1.26 (95% CI of 1.13–1.39) were observed for primary dentition. Although 43.3% of the sample did not have any caries, 10% had caries in all their primary molars, indicating a disproportionate treatment need. Having pulp exposed anterior teeth and father having three or more missing teeth were associated with having caries in all the primary molars. Severe burden of untreated caries at 5–6 years and polarization are seen as one in 10 study participants had all their primary molars decayed. While strengthening infant, toddler, and preschool oral health promotion, interventions targeting high-risk children are needed for reducing the caries burden.

Nickel oxide nanoparticles synthesis using plant extract and evaluation of their antibacterial effects on Streptococcus mutans.

Dental decay is known in the world as the most common human infectious disease. Ascending process of dental caries index in the world shows the failure of oral disease prevention. Streptococcus mutans bacteria cause acid damage and tooth decay by producing acid over time. Nanomaterials with suitable functionality, high permeability, extremely large surface area, significant reactivity, unique mechanical features, and non-bacterial resistance can be considered as promising agents for antimicrobial and antiviral applications. In this study, nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles with size range from 2 to 16nm containing Stevia natural sweetener were eco-friendly synthesized via a simple method. Additionally, their various concentrations were evaluated on S. mutans bacteria by applying the broth dilution method. The results demonstrated that these spherical NiO nanoparticles had efficient bacteriostatic activity on this gram-positive coccus.

Prevalence of Caries According to the ICDAS II in Children from 6 and 12 Years of Age from Southern Ecuadorian Regions.

In Ecuador, national data on dental caries are scarce and the detection of incipient enamel lesions has been omitted. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of caries in school children aged 6 and 12 years of both sexes, belonging to urban and rural areas of three provinces of the country, using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II). The sample consisted of 665 children from public schools, examined according to ICDASII. Caries prevalence and caries index were established using ICDAS II 2-6/C-G and ICDAS II 4-6/E-G criteria for comparison with WHO indicators. The Mann–Whitney U statistical test was used for comparison of two groups, the effect size was measured with the correlation coefficient. and the Kruskal–Wallis H test (p < 0.05) for multiple comparisons. Caries prevalence exceeded 87% for primary and permanent dentition. There were no significant differences according to province (p ≤ 0.05). The caries index at 6 years was 6.57 and at 12 years 9.21. The SIC was high at 12 years in rural areas. The prevalence of caries in the population studied was high despite the preventive measures established by health agencies.

Oral health status and related risk factors among adolescents attending high schools in Khartoum, Sudan: A cross-sectional study

ObjectivesEffective dental services must be based on reliable evidence of oral diseases status and treatment needs. The aim of this study was to assess oral health status and associated risk factors among adolescents attending high school in Khartoum, Sudan. MethodsA school-based survey was conducted among 420 adolescents (13–18 years old). Participants completed a questionnaire about their socio-demographics and oral habits. They received clinical examination, assessing their oral health status using the World Health Organization (WHO) oral health survey for dentition and periodontal status; mean Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT), and Community Periodontal Index (CPI). ResultsHigh dental caries prevalence of 91.1%, with mean DMFT of 3.3 (±1.8) and Significant Caries index (SIC) of 5.2 were found among the participants. Untreated decayed teeth dominated the DMFT scores (DT = 3.06 ± 1.7). The results of CPI depicted that 96% of participants had unhealthy periodontium, with majority of subjects (79.5%) having CPI maximum scores of 2. Increased age and being enrolled in a public school were the main risk factors associated with caries (p = 0.01). Increased CPI scores were found to be significantly higher among males (p = 0.006) and among public schools' attendees (p = 0.039). High maternal education was associated with participants’ healthier periodontium (p < 0.01). ConclusionsSudanese adolescents have high prevalence of caries and unhealthy periodontium, which imposes a need for preventive and treatment programs to improve their oral health status. The significant associations between participants' oral health status and their gender, school-type and age may suggest considering these when designing schools’ oral health programs.

Experience, prevalence, need for treatment and cost of care for caries: A multicenter study in a developing country.

To assess the experience, prevalence, need for treatment and economic impact of caries among students 6-12 years old in four cities in Mexico. Cross-sectional clinical study. Elementary public schools. 500 schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 years. Oral clinical examinations using WHO criteria for caries in the primary (dmft) and permanent (DMFT) dentitions. Indicators of caries in the primary and permanent dentitions: experience, prevalence, severity and the Significant Caries Index. In addition, we calculated the treatment needs, dental care rate and cost of care. dmft in the primary dentition was 2.59±2.83, and DMFT was 0.82±1.44 in the permanent dentition. Caries prevalence reached 67.7% in the primary and 34.1% in permanent dentition. The treatment needs index was 85.9% and 91.3% in the primary and permanent dentitions, respectively; the dental care index was 13.9% and 8.5%, respectively. The cost of care for caries in the primary dentition was estimated at $22.087 millions of international dollars (PPP US$) when amalgam was the restorative material used, and PPP US$19.107 millions for glass ionomer. For the permanent dentition, the cost was PPP US$7.431 millions when amalgam was used and PPP US$7.985 millions when resin/composite was used as restorative material. The prevalence and experience of caries in the primary dentition were 50% greater than those of other studies carried out in Mexico. In the permanent dentition they were less. There is considerable need for the treatment of caries and minimal experience with restorative care. The cost of care for caries may be assumed to be high for a health system such as Mexico's.

Regional Disparities in Caries Experience and Associating Factors of Ghanaian Children Aged 3 to 13 Years in Urban Accra and Rural Kpando.

(1) The objective of this socio-epidemiologic cross-sectional study was to investigate caries burdens in Ghanaian children aged 3 to 13 years. The main focus was the analysis of urban–rural disparities and associating socio-demographic and behavioural factors. (2) Standardized caries examination with documentation of decayed, missing, filled deciduous (dmft) and permanent teeth (DMFT) was conducted in 11 school facilities according to WHO guidelines. A parental questionnaire gathered data considering associating factors. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate their influence on caries prevalence and experience using mean dmft+DMFT, Significant Caries Index (SiC), and Specific Affected Caries Index (SaC). (3) In total, 313 study participants were included (mean age 7.7 ± 3.8 years; 156 urban, 157 rural). The urban region showed slightly higher caries prevalence (40.4% vs. 38.9%). The rural region had higher caries experience in mean dmft+DMFT (1.22 ± 2.26 vs. 0.96 ± 1.58), SiC (3.52 ± 2.73 vs. 2.65 ± 1.71), and SaC (3.15 ± 2.68 vs. 2.37 ± 1.68). Lower education and occupation level of parents and rural residence were associated to higher caries values. Sugary diet showed an inverse relation with caries prevalence and oral hygiene practices supported the generally known etiologic correlation. (4) This study highlights the importance of targeting children vulnerable to caries due to social inequality with adequate preventive means. The implementation of regular dental screening and education, e.g. in schools, may be helpful.

Factors Affecting Dental Caries Experience in 12-Year-Olds, Based on Data from Two Polish Provinces.

(1) Background: Dental caries is a chronic disease that affects a child’s dentition from the first stages of life. Several factors contribute to the development of the disease, including an improper diet. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify risk factors of dental caries in 12-year-old adolescents from Greater Poland and Lubusz Provinces (Poland). (2) Material and methods: The research was conducted in adolescents from five primary schools. A questionnaire consisted of close-ended questions on socioeconomic characteristics on family, diet, and oral hygiene habits. An assessment of the dentition was carried out in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. In addition to cavitated carious lesions, incipient caries lesions were noted according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System, adapted for epidemiological studies (ICDASepiDMFt). (3) Results: The mean number of teeth with untreated caries; removed due to caries; and restored because of caries (DMFt) was 1.52 ± 1.90, while the ICDASepiDMFt index amounted to 2.64 ± 2.55, respectively. Children who did not brush every day had significantly higher odds of having ICDASepiDMFt > 0 than children brushing at least once daily (OR = 10.32, 95% CI = 1.36–78.32, p = 0.0240). Adolescents who drank sweet carbonated drinks every day had significantly higher ICDASepiDMTt than children who drank sweet carbonated drinks less frequently (p = 0.0477). (4) Conclusions: The research revealed that dental caries indices of 12-year-old adolescents from Greater Poland and Lubusz Provinces depend mainly on oral hygiene behaviors. The only significant nutritional factor that differentiated the caries intensity was the daily consumption of sweet carbonated drinks.

Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia in Pre-School Children and Schoolchildren with Special Healthcare Needs: A Comparative Retrospective Study.

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the dental treatments received under general anesthesia (GA) in pre-school children and school children with special healthcare needs (n = 263) compared with healthy controls (n = 62). In order to analyze the impact of pre-existing cofactors on oral health, children were divided into the following groups: heart disease, cancer, syndromic disease, and other diseases as well as in- and outpatient healthy children. Caries experience (dmf-t/DMF-T) before GA (impulse 1), waiting time, and dental treatment under GA (impulse 2) were determined. Pre-school children showed a higher caries experience (mean ± standard deviation; 8.3 ± 4.8) compared to schoolchildren (6.9 ± 4.3). Predominantly, early childhood caries (ECC) of type 1 were detected. From all groups with special healthcare needs, children with cancer revealed the highest Significant Caries Index (17.0 ± 2.0), followed by other diseases (14.6 ± 2.6), syndromic disease (14.3 ± 1.8), and heart disease (13.8 ± 2.7). Overall, 2607 dental procedures were performed under GA with a mean of 8.0 ± 6.5 dental measures per child. Within the limitations of this study, the data exhibited independent of pre-existing cofactors and age high caries risk in all patient groups showing a high need for treatment.

A study on the significant caries (SiC) index of Lao students

A study on the significant caries (SiC) index of Lao students

Impact of education and monthly income on caries index of community living in the rural area of Multan - a cross-sectional survey

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Dental decays and periodontal diseases are among the most common ailments of the oral cavity. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index defines the number of the decayed teeth, no of the treated teeth, and the number of teeth missing in oral cavity owing to decay. People&amp;rsquo;s monthly income and level of education influence their behavior toward oral health. The objective of this survey was to assess the impact of education and monthly income on the caries index of the community of Jahangirabad Multan, Pakistan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This 3 months survey-based study was conducted among 380 participants from the community of Jahangirabad Multan city. The oral health status of all participants was assessed by using the DMFT index. All individuals with permanent dentition were included in this study.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; There were 209 (55%) males and 171 (45) females. Age range of the participants was from 15 to 40 years. The mean and standard deviation of the DMFT index were 1.5 &amp;plusmn; 0.156, the range of DMFT score was from 0 to 8. The significant association between the mean DMFT score and level of education was observed (p-value = 0.036).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The population of the rural area of Jahangirabad has an average of 1.5 teeth affected with dental caries. The level of dental caries is found to be inversely proportional to the level of education implying that improving education level of the communities may be one of the factors that can contribute to the reduction in the burden of caries in the rural communities of the country.&lt;/p&gt;

Behaviour management problems in Finnish children with operated congenital heart disease: a practice-based study

PurposeThis retrospective, practice-based study investigates behaviour management problems (BMPs) in dental care among Finnish children with operated congenital heart disease (CHD).MethodsAll the heart-operated children born between the years 1997 and 1999 were identified in the national ProCardio database (n = 570). Primary dental care records were requested from this population and were eventually received from 211 patients. Information on gender, diagnosis, number of heart operations and perioperative care were collected from the ProCardio database, and the CHDs were categorised as shunting/stenotic/complex/other defects. Data on BMP/dental fear, oral conscious sedation, dental general anaesthesia (DGA) and past and present caries indices at 6, 12 and 15 years (d/D, dmft/DMFT) were assessed.ResultsNotes on behaviour management problems or dental fear were found in 19% of the study population. BMPs in dental care were more frequent among boys. Children with re-operations, longer post-operative intensive care stay and hospitalisation, and complications had not more BMP than others. Those children diagnosed with syndromes had more BMP often than the rest. Past and present caries experience were significantly associated with BMP, need of oral conscious sedation and DGA. Oral conscious sedation, nitrogen oxide sedation and dental general anaesthesia were used in 17/211, 2/221 and 24/211 CHD patients, respectively.ConclusionDental caries remains a main factor associated with BMP in the CHD population. Need for oral conscious sedation and DGA were rather common. To maintain a good oral health and to avoid development of BMP, CHD children benefit from focus in health promotion and preventive care.

Evaluating Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Pakistani Dental Professionals Regarding Silver Diamine Fluoride

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude regarding Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) among Pakistani Dental Professionals worked at various institutes of Karachi.&#x0D; Methodology: This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted among the house surgeons, general dental practitioners and specialists worked at various institutes of Karachi. Questionnaire was distributed among 375 participants through social media. Questionnaire was kept on google forum and link was sent to all participants through social media including Facebook, WhatsApp by non-probability consecutive sampling. Questionnaire was composed of two portions. Questions in first portion were related to demographic data and in second portion of Questionnaire had 13 closed ended questions regarding Knowledge and Approach towards Silver Diamine Fluoride. Statistical package for social sciences SPSS-25 was used for data entry and analysis with descriptive statistic, which used frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation.&#x0D; Results: Out of the total 375 participants, 160(43%) were male and 215 (57%) female. Mean age of participants was 33 + 11.8 years. 191(51%) heard about SDF and only 108(29%) attended lectures/discussions about SDF. 189(50.40%) responded that SDF is used in enamel lesion. 251(67%) participants responded that SDF is used in both anterior and posterior teeth. Only 160(42.66%) of participants responded that SDF is used for both dentitions. 122(32.53%) were agreed that SDF is an alternative to removing dental lesion by a dental drill, while only 118 (31.47%) agreed that many patients would not accept treatment of dental caries with SDF due to the permanent black staining of the carious lesion. 240 (64%) of participants were disagree about the SDF require the use of local anesthesia and more than half of participants responded that the silver is an antimicrobial ingredient in SDF. 237(63.2%) of participants responded that SDF is indicated in Children with High caries rate and most of them responded that black staining of tooth is main disadvantage and barrier to the use of SDF. Majority of participants did not know about reapplication interval for use of SDF.&#x0D; Conclusion: SDF is an appropriate alternative for restoring dental cavities in children. As it doesn’t require local anesthesia, it is the safest way to limit the progression of lesion in patient with high caries index. But there are some barriers related to the use of SDF in their regular dental practice is that, SDF causes permanent staining of tooth and also practitioners had little knowledge about their application protocols and recall or reapplication intervals.

Association of halitosis with dental caries in pediatric patients in a tertiary level hospital

Halitosis refers to bad breath is induced by volatile molecules due to pathological or non-pathological factors, prevalent in all ages. It can originate from either oral or non-oral sources. However, dental hygiene, periodontal disease, impacted food, tongue coat, and caries are among the oral-related sources, accounting for 90% of cases of halitosis. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between halitosis and caries among pediatric patients. This cross-sectional descriptive study documented clinical data from 45 pediatric patients at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). The selected patients were evaluated with the Specific Caries Index (SCI) to detect the caries involvement. A halimeter was used to evaluate halitosis. According to halimeter, the mean value of halitosis in relation to sex was 169.58 ppb, while participants with very strong halitosis were observed in 12.5% of males and 33.3% of females. Patients over the age of 13 manifested extreme halitosis than other selected age groups. The result demonstrated that halitosis increased significantly with a higher score of the caries index. Hence, this study indicated an association between halitosis and the caries index in pediatric patients, highlighting the need for more research to assess its applicability in broader and diverse groups BSMMU J 2021; 14(3): 62-66

Assessing the Clinical Consequences of Untreated Caries in 8- to 10-Year-Old Children with Pufa Index

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the oral health conditions of 8- to 10-year-old students in the mixed dentition stage in Erzurum, Turkey, by determining their dental caries’ status and the soft tissue damages by untreated caries. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in two randomly selected schools in the residential areas populated predominantly by families with mid-and-low socioeconomic levels. A total of 586 children, 275 girls, and 365 boys with a mean age of 8.95 ± 0.8 participated in the study. Number of decayed, missing due to caries, and filled teeth in the permanent dentition/number of decayed and filled teeth in the primary dentition (DMFT/dft) and visible pulpal involvement (P/p), ulceration caused by dislocated tooth fragments (U/u), fistula (F/f) and abscess (A/a) (PUFA)/pufa indices are included in the clinical examination section of the study. Obtained data were analyzed with SPSS (IBM Corp. 2013, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY). Results: Our research revealed a DMFT score of 2.43 ± 1.7, dft 4.12 ± 2.7, pufa 0.75 ±1.2, PUFA 0.05± 0.24, a caries frequency of 96.1, PUFA/pufa frequency of 40.9, and untreated caries PUFA/pufa ratio was found as 13.3%. A significant difference with positive correlation was found between d and pufa scores ( P &lt; .01). Increasing DMFT, decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (DMFS) in the permanent dentition, and decreasing dft, decayed, and filled surfaces (dfs) in the primary dentition, and pufa scores with the age increment were found to be significant ( P &lt; .05). Conclusion: The frequency of soft tissue damage associated with untreated caries, caries index scores, and frequency of dental caries was found to be quite high in the study population consisting of children belonging to families with similar socioeconomic status.

Dental health status of community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in Ireland. A cross-sectional analysis of the Wave 3 TILDA cohort.

Background: Little is known about the current oral health status of adults in Ireland. The aim of this study was to assess the dental health of community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in Ireland and to compare the current status to previous national surveys. Methods: The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) Wave 3 assessed the dental health of a subset of participants. Respondents attending for health assessments were offered a dental examination. The World Health Organization examination criteria were used. Results: Of the 3111 people who were offered the dental assessment, 2525 were examined. Adults below 50 years of age and respondents whose dental health data were unavailable at the time of analysis were omitted, giving a final sample of 2504. Among the dental assessment sample, 9.9% (249) were edentate. Of those aged 65 years and older, 15.6% were edentate while for the same age group 40.9% were edentate in the 2000-02 national survey. The mean number of teeth present in those aged 65 years or older was 14.9 for males and 14.2 for females, whereas in 2000-02 it was 9.9 and 7.4, respectively. 56.8% of the dentate sample had 10 or more tooth contacts. The mean DMFT of those aged 50 years or more was 18.5 and the Root Caries Index was 6.3. Between 2000-02 and 2014-5 (this study) in adults aged 65 years and over, the mean DMFT decreased from 25.9 to 20.1 and the Root Caries Index decreased from 11.6 to 9.1. Conclusion: The results indicate the dental health of community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in Ireland improved since the previous survey of 2000-02. These improvements mean a change in the treatment needs of this age group and will require policy and service adjustments to meet these needs.

Self-reported oral health and normative indices of dental caries among adolescents: a cohort study.

This study assessed the association between self-reported oral health and the normative indices of dental caries in an adolescent population. This study is based on a 6-year data from a cohort, beginning in 2012, with 1,134 twelve-year-old adolescents. After three phases of data collection, 68% of the samples were followed up. Self-reported oral health was evaluated through the question: "Would you say that the health of your teeth, lips, jaws, and mouth is …?", and answers were categorized as "good" or "poor." Calibrated dentists examined clinical conditions using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Statistical analysis was performed using multilevel logistic regression models, considering the dependence of those observed thrice and adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and dental visit variables. Adolescents who evaluated their oral health as poor had higher mean DMFT (OR: 1.35; CI95% 1.22-1.50). When evaluated separately, decayed (OR: 2.43; CI95% 1.83-3.23) and missing (OR: 3.94; CI95% 1.26-12.26) teeth also presented significant results, showing poor self-reported oral health associated with a higher mean. Adolescents' self-perceived oral health was associated with normative dental caries indices, and this association was maintained throughout adolescence.

Influence of Multimedia Reminders on Oral Hygiene Status During Removable Orthodontic Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction:Orthodontic appliances complicate daily oral hygiene maintenance and enhance the formation of microbial biofilm on tooth surfaces and orthodontic appliances.Objective:This trial was conducted to assess the effect of reminders on oral hygiene of patients during removable orthodontic treatment.Methods:In this 2-arm parallel randomized controlled trial, 66 orthodontic patients with removable maxillary appliance were randomly allocated with 1:1 ratio to message reminders and the control group. The patients in the messaging group received one or two message reminders and educational videos weekly during the course of treatment. A single blinded examiner measured the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and dental caries index of patients in both groups at baseline (T0) and one (T1), three (T2), and six (T3) months after the first day of treatment to assess their oral hygiene status during treatment.Results:A total of 30 patients in control group and 28 in reminder group completed the study. The PI and GI scores were increased neither in control group nor in message reminder group during T0 and T1, significantly. The PI and GI scores in message reminder group were significantly lower than those in the control group at T2 (PI: P = 0.001, GI: P = 0.003) and T3 (PI: P = 0.024, GI: P = 0.022). Slight significant increasing in the PI and GI score were found during T2 and T3 in message reminder group. Caries index showed no significant difference between two groups during study.Conclusion:It seems that reminders can efficiently promote oral hygiene of patients undergoing removable orthodontic treatment.

AGE FEATURES OF DECIDUOUS TEETH CARIES PARAMETERS IN 3-6 YEARS OLD AGED CHILDREN

The aim: Estimation of caries prevalence and intensity, determination for treatment necessity of deciduous teeth in 3-6 years old aged children from Poltava region for further effective development of programs for caries and its complications prevention. Materials and methods: Totally 335 children from 3 to 6 years old of preschool institutions of Poltava and Poltava region aged were examined with the signed accordance of their parents. All children were examined for the prevalence (%) and intensity of caries of deciduous teeth by the Decay Extracted Filling index (DEF index). Quantitative parameters were processed by standard statistic methods. The calculation of the highest caries intensity (Significant Index of Caries) was performed according to the D. Bratthol`s method. The level of dental aid (LDA) was assessed by the DEF index according to P.A. Leus recommendations. Treatment necessity of children was also determined. Results: The research in caries prevalence of deciduous teeth of revealed that the number of children with caries increases with their age. The most significant parameter growth is observed at the age of 4 to 5 years. Carious lesions intensity increases at the age from 4 to 5 and from 5 to 6 years most significantly. Conclusions: The most common indicator in all studied groups was a D-parameter, which indicates low parents awareness about deciduous teeth treatment necessity. That case confirms low level of dental aid (14%) and significant treatment need which is 50.7 %. Affection of molars always exceeds the affection of other groups of teeth. We did not find a significant difference in caries distribution among children of different genders. The obtained results encourage realization of sanitary and educational propagation on the awareness of parents on dental healthcare of their children.

A survey of oral health status, subjective oral symptoms and oral health behaviors among first-year dental students at a Japanese university.

The rapid deterioration of oral health in young adults is an alarming problem in Japan. The aim of the present study is to investigate the oral health status, subjective oral symptoms and oral health behaviors of dental students. Participants were 108 first-year students attending dental school in 2018-2019. Oral examinations were performed to assess dental caries indices, oral hygiene status, gingival bleeding on probing (BOP) and pocket depth. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess subjective oral symptoms and oral health behaviors. The prevalence of decayed teeth (DT) and gingivitis (BOP ≥ 10%) were 43.5% and 50.0%, respectively. Having DT and gingivitis were significantly associated with poorer oral hygiene. No association was observed between DT and subjective symptoms. Having gingivitis was significantly associated with xerostomia, mouth-breathing and less use of interdental cleaning tools. Multiple logistic regression analysis for gingivitis yielded an odds ratio of 1.41 (95% confidence interval: 1.19-1.67) for plaque score, and 2.75 (1.27-5.98) for xerostomia. Since a relatively high ratio of students had DT and gingivitis without clear subjective symptoms, they require regular dental visits for early treatment and oral hygiene maintenance from the start of their time at university.

Анализ распространенности и интенсивности кариеса временных зубов у детей 1-3 лет

The decayed component was the most prevalent (DFT = 2.08) and the Significant Caries Index (SiC) was 5.54 double, showing polarization of dental caries in the studied population. After adjusting for appropriate covariates, preschool children of age 5 and 6 years old were more likely to have decayed tooth: adjusted OR = 3.02, (95% CI =2.01–4.54) and adjusted OR = 2.23, (95% CI = 1.55–3.20) respectively. Preschool children without visible plaque on the buccal surface of upper anterior teeth were less likely to have decayed teeth: adjusted OR = 0.21, (95% CI = 0.09–0.45)]. Regarding measurements of oral health-related quality of life using the MOHRQoL, only preschool children who reported on ‘Do your teeth hurt you now?’ and ‘Do kids make fun of your teeth?’ were more likely to have a decayed tooth – adjusted OR = 1.74, (95% CI = 1.12–2.71) and adjusted OR = 1.87, (95% CI = 1.11–3.15)], respectively.