Density In Women Research Articles

Estrogen Receptor-α rs9340799 Polymorphism Influences Bone Mineral Density in Women Over 60 Years of Age and Women Who are Postmenopausal for More than 10 Years

Background: Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disorder where genetic and environmental factors contribute to changes in bone mineral density. Several genetic polymorphisms are associated with low bone mineral density and osteoporosis risk, including estrogen receptor-α rs2234693 and rs9340799 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Objective: To determine the allele frequencies of these polymorphisms among postmenopausal Jordanian women and to assess their association with low bone mineral density and osteoporosis among studied subjects. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 450 postmenopausal Jordanian women having dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans at the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics. The study protocol was approved by this center "Institutional Review Board." The estrogen receptor-α gene sequence containing rs2234693 and rs9340799 polymorphisms was identified by polymerase chain reaction, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: The wild-type allele frequencies of rs2234693 (T) and rs9340799 (A) were 54% and 59%, respectively. The rs9340799 GG genotype was significantly associated with lower femoral neck T-scores in women who were postmenopausal for more than 10 years (p = 0.023) and was significantly associated with lower lumbar spine (p = 0.033) and femoral neck (p = 0.002) T-scores in women older than 60 years of age. However, there was no association between rs2234693, rs9340799, or their haplotypes with osteoporosis or bone mineral density T-score values. The two polymorphisms were in Heidy-Weinberg equilibrium and exhibited strong but incomplete linkage disequilibrium. Conclusion: The data suggest that rs9340799 polymorphism may render some women more susceptible to osteoporosis than others.

POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME AND BONE TURNOVER IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

Considering the metabolic and hormonal changes associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), their potential affect bone health has been proposed. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of several hormonal and metabolic alterations associated with polycystic ovary syndrome on bone in postmenopausal women. Materials and methods: The study included 56 patients with PCOS and 42 women without this disease aged 50–65 years. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Serum levels of amino-terminal propeptide of procollagen 1 (P1NP) and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (b-CTx), as well as levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D (25(OH)D3), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), insulin, testosterone (T), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate (DHEAS), follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and estradiol were determined. The HOMA-IR index and anthropometric indicators were calculated. Statistical data were analyzed by nonparametric testing using BioStat Pro 6.2.2.0 software (AnalystSoft Inc., Walnut, USA). Quantitative data are presented as median and quartiles 1 and 3 (Me [Q1; Q3]); The significance of intergroup differences was established using the Mann–Whitney U test (p<0.05). To identify relationships between indicators, a univariate analysis was carried out with the calculation of the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r). Results. Women with PCOS had late-onset menopause (p=0.007) and a higher body mass index (BMI, p=0.009) than the control group. Additionally, women with PCOS had higher levels of DHEAS, total T, and 17-OHP than controls. P1NP and b-CTx were significantly different from controls (p=0.028 and p=0.032, respectively). A direct relationship was found between BMI and the activity of the resorption marker b-CTx (r=0.342, p=0.002) and an inverse collinear relationship between AMH values with b-CTx (r=–0.507, p=0.001). BMD in PCOS was higher compared to controls. An inverse relationship exists between BMD of L1–L4 and b-CTx level (r=–0.387, p=0.026) and positive with insulin (r=0.267, p=0.042), AMH (r=0.561, p=0.031) and testosterone (r=0.458, p=0.039). Higher DHEAS levels were associated with higher femoral neck BMD (r=0.473, p=0.035). P1NP was negatively correlated with femoral neck BMD (r=-0.429, p=0.038). Conclusions. Bone mineral density in women with polycystic ovary syndrome declines more slowly with age compared to their peers, possibly due to the effects of excess androgens and insulin. In postmenopausal women with polycystic ovary syndrome, metabolic processes in bone tissue accelerate, while bone resorption exceeds bone formation. Thus, women affected by polycystic ovary syndrome may be considered at risk of developing osteopenic syndrome.

Chorio-retinal vessel density in women affected by functional hypothalamic amenorrhea: a monocentric observational cross-sectional study to evaluate the impact of hypoestrogenism on chorio-retinal vascularization

PurposeFunctional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) is characterized by an estrogen deficiency which in turn can cause vascular dysfunction. The aim of this study is to evaluate any changes in the chorio-retinal circulation in patients affected by FHA. 24 patients with FHA and 24 age-matched controls underwent a gynecological evaluation and an OCT angiography (OCTA) to study chorio-retinal vascularization.ResultsOCTA in FHA patients showed an increase in vessel density in the choriocapillaris (CC) layer (both in the fovea area, at 5% p value = 0.037 and in the whole area, at 5% p value = 0.028) and an increase in vascular density in the deep fovea (DVP) (at 10% p value = 0.096) in the whole district compared to controls. Simple linear regressions show a significant negative association between CC vessel density and insulin (p = 0.0002) and glucose values (p = 0.0335) for the fovea district and a negative association between DVP vessel density and endometrial thickness (at 10%, p value: 0.095) in the whole district.ConclusionOur study shows that CC vessel density is increased in women affected by FHA. This could represent a compensation effort to supply the vascular dysfunction caused by estrogen deficiency. We also found an increasing trend in vascular density in DVP associated with the decrease of endometrial thickness, an indirect sign of estrogenization. Considering that these changes occur in absence of visual defects, they could be used as a biomarker to estimate hypoestrogenism-induced microcirculation changes before clinical appearance.

P-427 Do endometrial leucocytes and angiogenesis in the peri-implantation period predict hypertensive disorders in the subsequent pregnancy?

Abstract Study question Do endometrial leucocytes and angiogenesis in the peri-implantation period from women with a history of recurrent reproductive failure predict hypertensive disorders in the subsequent pregnancy? Summary answer uNK cells, T cells, B cells and macrophages in the peri-implantation endometrium did not correlate with hypertensive disease of pregnancy in the subsequent pregnancy. What is known already Women with a history of recurrent reproductive failure are thought to have a higher risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) subsequently. Immunological interactions and vascular factors in the placental bed are considered to be two important pathways for the initiation and development of HDP. However, the prognostic value of endometrial leucocytes and angiogenesis around the time of implantation in a cycle prior to conception and HDP in the subsequent pregnancy is still unclear. Study design, size, duration This is a prospective cohort study. A total of 694 women were included in this study from Jan 2019 to Jun 2023. Participants/materials, setting, methods Immunohistochemistry for vWF and multiplex immunofluorescence for endometrial leukocytes, including CD56+ uNK cells, CD3+ T cells, CD20+ B cells and CD68+ macrophages, were performed in the precisely timed LH + 7 endometrium. The subsequent pregnancy outcomes of the subjects were followed up as well. Main results and the role of chance Endometrial leukocytes including CD56+ uNK cells, CD3+ T cells, CD20+ B cells and CD68+ macrophages were found in the peri-implantation endometrium. There was no significant difference in the CD56+ uNK cells, CD3+ T cells, CD20+ B cells and CD68+ macrophages numbers percentage between women with and without gestational hypertension in the subsequent pregnancy. The median micro vessel density in women who developed gestational hypertension in the subsequent pregnancy (9.4 ± 3.1 /mm2 ) was significantly (P=0.038) lower than the MVD in those who did not (13.5 ± 4.9/mm2 ). Limitations, reasons for caution 1. It is not clear whether the uNK cell number during the peri-implantation period is reflective of those in the first trimester when spiral artery remodelling occurs. 2. This study was carried out in women with reproductive failure and the results may not apply to the general populations. Wider implications of the findings Vascularization features in the endometrium may provide prognostic value of subsequent hypertensive disease of pregnancy. Trial registration number not applicable

Effectiveness of Nutritional Intervention on Bone Mineral Density among Women Aged 30-50 Years in South India

Introduction: By 2050, low bone mineral density in women is expected to increase by 40% globally, considerably increasing the burden of osteoporosis in future generations, which necessitates greater focus on preventive measures. Hence, it was planned to study the effectiveness of calcium rich nutritional intervention on bone mineral density among women aged 30-50 years in South India. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test control group design was conducted among randomly selected 20 urban and rural women aged 30-50 years. Calcium rich nutritional mix was given for 16 weeks to the interventional arm and for control arm, education on importance of calcium rich diet was given. Bone mineral density was measured by DEXA scan pre and post intervention. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Results: Before intervention, all the women (100%) had mildly reduced bone mineral density; post intervention, majority of the women (80%) had normal bone mineral density, only 20% had mildly reduced bone mineral density. In the control group, 100% had mildly reduced bone mineral density before receiving health education and after 16 weeks of education, 90% had mildly reduced bone mineral density and only 10% had normal bone mineral density. Conclusion: Calcium rich nutritional intervention given to the experimental group women resulted in a significant improvement in their bone mineral density. However, risk can be lowered by leading a healthy lifestyle that includes enough quantities of dietary calcium, vitamin D, and protein, frequent weight-bearing activity.

Associations of stem cell markers CD44, CD24 and ALDH1A1 with mammographic breast density in women with benign breast biopsies.

We examined associations of CD44, CD24 and ALDH1A1 breast stem cell markers with mammographic breast density (MBD), a well-established breast cancer (BCa) risk factor. We included 218 cancer-free women with biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease within the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII. The data on BCa risk factors were obtained from biennial questionnaires. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done on tissue microarrays. For each core, the IHC expression was assessed using a semi-automated platform and expressed as percent of positively stained cells for each marker out of the total cell count. MBD was assessed with computer-assisted techniques. Generalised linear regression was used to examine the associations of each marker with square root-transformed percent density (PD), absolute dense and non-dense areas (NDA), adjusted for BCa risk factors. Stromal CD44 and ALDH1A1 expression was positively associated with PD (≥ 10% vs. <10% β = 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.06; 1.07] and β = 0.81 [0.27; 1.34], respectively) and inversely associated with NDA (β per 10% increase = -0.17 [-0.34; -0.01] and β for ≥10% vs. <10% = -1.17 [-2.07; -0.28], respectively). Epithelial CD24 expression was inversely associated with PD (β per 10% increase = -0.14 [-0.28; -0.01]. Stromal and epithelial CD24 expression was positively associated with NDA (β per 10% increase = 0.35 [0.2 × 10-2; 0.70] and β per 10% increase = 0.34 [0.11; 0.57], respectively). Expression of stem cell markers is associated with MBD.

Bone mineral density in women with rheumatoid arthritis: A link between immune and biochemical markers

To study the association of bone mineral density (BMD) with serum biochemical and immunological markers in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study included 173 women with RA (age 61.0 [56.0; 66.0] years). A survey, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure the BMD of the lumbar spine (LI-LIV), femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH), routine blood chemistry, measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor, cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (CCPA), parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D3, myostatin, follistatin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-6 receptors, insulin-like growth factor 1, adiponectin, leptin, fibroblast growth factor 23, and tumor necrosis factor SF12 were performed. PTH (β=-0.22, -0.35 and -0.30 for LI-LIV, FN and TH, respectively), CRP (β=-0.18, 0.23 and -0.22 for LI-LIV, FN and TH, respectively) and leptin (β=0.35, 0.32 and 0.42 for LI-LIV, FN and TH, respectively) were shown a significant association with BMD in all sites of measurement. It was independent of age, body mass index and postmenopause duration. Associations were also found between adiponectin and BMD of LI-LIV and TH (β=-0.36 and -0.28, respectively), CCPA and BMD of FN and TH (β=-0.21, -0.24, respectively) and IL-6 and BMD of FN (β=0.37). The study of biochemical and immunological markers in women with RA demonstrated that CRP, CCPA, PTH, IL-6, adiponectin, and leptin influenced BMD.

Treatment of uterine fibroid symptoms with relugolix combination therapy

Uterine fibroids are a common cause of heavy menstrual bleeding and pain. Treatment with the combination of relugolix (an oral gonadotropin-releasing hormonereceptor antagonist), estradiol, and norethindrone acetate, administered once daily, may have efficacy in women with uterine fibroids and heavy bleeding while avoiding hypoestrogenic effects. Methods. We conducted two replicate international, double-blind, 24-week, phase 3 trials involving women with fibroid-associated heavy menstrual bleeding. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive once-daily placebo, relugolix combination therapy (40 mg of relugolix, 1 mg of estradiol, and 0.5 mg of norethindrone acetate), or delayed relugolix combination therapy (40 mg of relugolix monotherapy, followed by relugolix combination therapy, each for 12 weeks). The primary efficacy end point in each trial was the percentage of participants with a response (volume of menstrual blood loss &lt;80 ml and a ≥50% reduction in volume from baseline) in the relugolix combination therapy group, as compared with the placebo group. Key secondary end points were amenorrhea, volume of menstrual blood loss, distress from bleeding and pelvic discomfort, anemia, pain, fibroid volume, and uterine volume. Safety and bone mineral density were assessed.Result. A total of 388 women in trial L1 and 382 in trial L2 underwent randomization. A total of 73% of the participants in the relugolix combination therapy group in trial L1 and 71% of those in trial L2 had a response (primary end point), as compared with 19% and 15%, respectively, of those in the placebo groups (P&lt;0.001 for both comparisons). Both relugolix combination therapy groups had significant improvements, as compared with the placebo groups, in six of seven key secondary end points, including measures of menstrual blood loss (including amenorrhea), pain, distress from bleeding and pelvic discomfort, anemia, and uterine volume, but not fibroid volume. The incidence of adverse events was similar with relugolix combination therapy and placebo. Bone mineral density was similar with relugolix combination therapy and placebo but decreased with relugolix monotherapy.Conclusions. Once-daily relugolix combination therapy resulted in a significant reduction in menstrual bleeding, as compared with placebo, and preserved bone mineral density in women with uterine fibroids.

Prospective associations between breast feeding, metabolic health, inflammation and bone density in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus

IntroductionThe aim of the study is to investigate prospective associations between breastfeeding and metabolic outcomes, inflammation, and bone density in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Research design and methodsWe...

The effects of obesity on bone mineral density in women with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

The effects of obesity on bone mineral density in women with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

Bone mineral density in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus and postmenopause: a single center spanish experience

Bone mineral density in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus and postmenopause: a single center spanish experience

Bone mineral density in women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitors and anti-resorptive treatment - healthy living after breast cancer

Bone mineral density in women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitors and anti-resorptive treatment - healthy living after breast cancer

Factors Associated with Increased Knowledge about Breast Density in South Australian Women Undergoing Breast Cancer Screening.

Background: There is growing awareness of breast density in women attending breast cancer screening; however, it is unclear whether this awareness is associated with increased knowledge. This study aims to evaluate breast density knowledge among Australian women attending breast cancer screening. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on women undergoing breast cancer screening at The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Breast/Endocrine outpatient department. Participants were provided with a questionnaire to assess knowledge, awareness, and desire to know their own breast density. Result: Of the 350 women who participated, 61% were familiar with 'breast density' and 57% had 'some knowledge'. Prior breast density notification (OR = 4.99, 95% CI = 2.76, 9.03; p = 0.004), awareness (OR = 4.05, 95% CI = 2.57, 6.39; p = 0.004), younger age (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96, 0.99; p = 0.02), and English as the language spoken at home (OR = 3.29, 95% CI = 1.23, 8.77; p = 0.02) were independent predictors of 'some knowledge' of breast density. A significant proportion of participants (82%) expressed desire to ascertain their individual breast density. Conclusions: While knowledge of breast density in this Australian cohort is generally quite low, we have identified factors associated with increased knowledge. Further research is required to determine optimal interventions to increase breast density knowledge.

Longitudinal Assessment of Bone Mineral Density in Women Living With and Without HIV Across Reproductive Phases.

Women living with HIV commonly experience low areal bone mineral density (BMD), but whether this is affected by low ovarian hormonal states (prolonged amenorrhea or menopause) is unknown. We compared rates of BMD loss between women living with HIV and HIV-negative control women and investigated its association with low ovarian hormonal states. Women living with HIV were enrolled from Vancouver Canada and controls from 9 Canadian sites. This longitudinal analysis included age-matched women living with HIV in the Children and Women: AntiRetrovirals and Markers of Aging cohort and controls in the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. Rate of change/year in BMD at the total hip and lumbar spine (L1-L4) between 3 and 5 years was compared between groups, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical variables. Ninety-two women living with HIV (median [interquartile range] age: 49.5 [41.6-54.1] years and body mass index: 24.1 [20.7-30.8] kg/m 2 ) and 278 controls (age: 49.0 [43.0-55.0] years and body mass index: 25.8 [22.9-30.6] kg/m 2 ) were included. Total hip BMD loss was associated with HIV (β: -0.003 [95% CI: -0.006 to -0.0001] g/cm 2 /yr), menopause (β: -0.007 [-0.01 to -0.005] g/cm 2 /yr), and smoking (β: -0.003 [-0.006 to -0.0002] g/cm 2 /yr); BMD gain was linked with higher body mass index (β: 0.0002 [0.0007-0.0004] g/cm 2 /yr). Menopause was associated with losing L1-L4 BMD (β: -0.01 [-0.01 to -0.006] g/cm 2 /yr). Amenorrhea was not associated with BMD loss. HIV and menopause negatively influenced total hip BMD. These data suggest women living with HIV require hip BMD monitoring as they age.

Causal relationship between reproductive factors and female bone density: a univariate and multivariate mendelian randomization study.

Observational studies have found associations between reproductive factors and bone density in women. However, the causal relationships are not well understood. This study aims to investigate whether various reproductive factors are causally related to bone density at different skeletal sites using both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) methods. The study incorporated four reproductive factors, namely, age at menarche (AAM), age at first live birth (AFB), age at menopause (ANM), and age at last live birth (ALB), as well as five distinct skeletal sites, including bone mineral density (BMD), heel calcaneus BMD, ultradistal forearm bone mineral density (FA-BMD), lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS-BMD), and femoral neck bone mineral density (FN-BMD). Univariable two-sample MR and multivariable MR analyses were conducted using data from published genome-wide association studies (GWASs). A total of 150 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the four reproductive factors were extracted from GWAS databases. The primary statistical analysis method utilized in this study was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. In the univariate MR analysis, we observed causal connections between four reproductive factors and bone density. Specifically, AAM had a significant impact on BMD and heel calcaneus BMD. Age at first live birth was negatively associated with FA-BMD. Age at last live birth showed a negative correlation with BMD and heel calcaneus BMD. ANM exhibited positive associations with BMD, heel calcaneus BMD, FA-BMD, and LS-BMD. Subsequently, we performed a multivariable MR analysis to examine the combined effects of multiple variables, which confirmed the persistence of associations between age at menopause and bone density at various sites. Additionally, we found a negative correlation between age at last live birth and heel calcaneus BMD. This study offers a fresh perspective on the prevention of osteoporosis in women, explicitly stating that reproductive factors such as early menopause and late childbirth play a significant predictive role in individual bone density decline. Therefore, when developing osteoporosis screening and management protocols, reproductive factors should be included for a more comprehensive guidance of clinical practice.

Fractal Dimension on CBCT Images and Modular Neural Networks to Identify Reduced Bone Mineral Density in Women

This paper provides two different methods to diagnose osteoporosis in women; the first method is the fractal analysis evaluated by CBCT at two bone locations (the mandible and the second cervical vertebrae) to see if there is any correlation between the two. At the same time, the second method is deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs). One hundred eighty-eight patients' mandibular CBCT images were used, and DCNN models based on the ResNet-101 framework were employed. Dual X-ray absorptiometry of the hip and lumbar spine revealed that 139 of the 188 postmenopausal women tested had osteoporosis, whereas 49 had average bone mineral density. The second cervical vertebra and the mandible were selected as locations of interest for FD analysis on the CBCT images. Measurement accuracy, both within and between observers' agreements, and correlations between two data sets were all calculated. To evaluate osteoporosis, we used a segmented, three-phase approach. Stage 1 was devoted to the identification of mandibular bone slices. In Stage 2, the coordinates for the mandible's cross-sectional views were established, and Stage 3 calculated the thickness of the mandible bone, emphasizing osteoporotic variations. The average FD values within the interest area of the mandible were significantly lower in people with osteoporosis than in those with average bone mineral density. At the same time, the two groups had no significant difference in FD values at the second cervical vertebra. For the mandibular site, areas beneath the curve were 0.644 (P = 0.008), while the area under the curve for the vertebral site was 0.531 (P = 0.720). DCNN training in the first stage yielded an astounding 98.85% training accuracy, the second stage decreased L1 loss to a meager 1.02 pixels, and the bone thickness computation method used in the last stage had a mean squared error of 0. 8377. We concluded that FD was underutilized even though it distinguished between women with normal BMD and those with osteoporosis in the mandibular area. Additionally, even with small mandibular CBCT datasets, the results show the value of a modular transfer learning approach for osteoporosis detection.

Differences of Gonial Index value in male and female hypertension patients using panoramic radiography

Objectives: This study is aimed to measure the Gonial index (GI) value in male and female hypertensive patients using panoramic radiography. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative analytical research. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling technique. The sample of this study was primary data from panoramic radiographs of hypertensive patients who had been X-rayed at the Radiology Installation of Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin. Results: There was no significant difference in the gonial index (GI) values between men (17.83 mm) and women (19.17 mm), with the size of the right region of the female 20.33 mm and the left of the female 16.67 mm and the size of the right region of the male is 17.03 mm and the left male is 19.97 mm. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the gonial index (GI) values ​​between women and men, although the decrease of bone density in women is higher than in men.

Parathyroidectomy Improves Bone Density in Women With Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Preoperative Osteopenia.

Osteoporosis and/or bone fractures are indications of parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), especially in women. However, the benefit of surgery in patients with osteopenia remains unclear. To evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and bone remodeling biomarkers changes 1 year after parathyroidectomy in women with PHPT. In the prospective, monocentric, observational prospective cohort with primary hyperparathyroidism patients (CoHPT) cohort, women operated for sporadic PHPT since 2016 with ≥1 year follow-up were included. BMD (dual-X ray absorptiometry) and bone remodeling biomarkers [cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX), procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), and bone-specific alkaline phosphatases] were assessed before and 1 year after parathyroidectomy. Referral center. A total of 177 women with PHPT (62.5 ± 13.3 years, 83.1% menopausal, 43.9% osteopenic, and 45.1% osteoporotic) were included. Parathyroidectomy. BMD change between before and 1 year after parathyroidectomy. Parathyroidectomy resulted in significant increase in BMD and decrease in serum bone remodeling biomarker concentrations. In the 72 patients with baseline osteopenia, mean BMD significantly increased at the lumbar spine [+0.05 g/cm2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03-0.07)], the femoral neck [+0.02 g/cm2 (95% CI 0.00-0.04)], the total hip [+0.02 g/cm2 (95% CI 0.01-0.02)], and the forearm [+0.01 (95% CI 0.00-0.02)], comparable to osteoporotic patients. Among osteopenic patients, those with individual BMD gain (>0.03 g/cm2) at ≥1 site had higher preoperative serum CTX, P1NP, and urine calcium concentrations than those without improvement. Parathyroidectomy significantly improved BMD and remodeling biomarkers in women with osteopenia, thereby supporting the benefit of parathyroidectomy in these patients. Preoperative serum CTX and P1NP concentrations could be useful to predict expected BMD gain.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SEDENTARY BEHAVIORS AND MYOSTEATOSIS IN AFRICAN CARIBBEANS

Abstract Skeletal muscle fat infiltration (myosteatosis) leads to poorer muscle quality and function with aging, and is emerging as a predictor of skeletal muscle strength, mobility, and metabolic disorders. Few studies investigated the association of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with myosteatosis, especially in African Caribbeans, a vastly under-studied, rapidly growing population. We examined the associations of objectively measured PA and SB (Bodymedia SenseWear Armbands) worn over 7 days with calf muscle density (mg/cm3), a marker of intra-muscular fat (Stratec XCT-2000), in older adult African Caribbean men (N=355, mean age 62 years) and women (N=682, mean age 59 years) of the Tobago Health Study. Compared to men, women were younger with higher BMI, more SB, less light (LPA) and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), and lower muscle density (p&amp;lt; 0.05, age-adjusted). Meeting MVPA guidelines (150 min MVPA/week) was associated with greater muscle density in obese men and women (p=0.03, p=0.09 respectively, age-adjusted). Adjusting for age, BMI, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and lipid-lowering treatment, we assessed sex stratified partial spearman correlations between PA and SB and muscle density. MVPA was more strongly correlated with greater muscle density in men (r=0.15, p=0.01) than in women (r=0.07, p=0.09), while SB was associated with lower muscle density in women (r=-0.08, p=.044), but not significantly in men (r=-0.10, p=0.12). Our novel findings indicate that the association between PA and SB with myosteatosis may differ by sex. These findings may have important implications for sex specific activity guidelines related to skeletal muscle health in African Caribbeans.

Is the association between pulse wave velocity and bone mineral density the same for men and women? - A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundBrachial aortic Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) and bone mineral density (BMD) are important indicators of cardiovascular health and bone strength, respectively. However, the gender-specific association between baPWV and BMD remains unclear. The aim of our study is to evaluate the relationship between baPWV and BMD in men and women populations MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted in electronic databases for relevant studies published between the 1th and 30rd of April 2023. Studies reporting the correlation between baPWV and BMD in both males and females were considered. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled correlation coefficients (r). ResultsRelevant data for both genders were found in six articles. In all publications included in the meta-analysis, the total number of studied individuals was 3800, with 2054 women and 1746 men. Pooled correlation coefficient was −0,24 (95 % CI: −0.34; −0.15) in women population, and −0.12 (95 %CI: −0.16, −0.06) in men. ConclusionsBased on the published data, we found that baPWV is negatively correlated with bone density in women. However, in men we do not find such a relationship. These findings suggest the importance of considering gender-specific factors when assessing the cardiovascular and bone health relationship.