Compaction Stage Research Articles

A comparison of the morphokinetic profiles of embryos developed from vitrified versus fresh oocytes

Research questionDo morphokinetic profiles and treatment outcomes differ between embryos developed from vitrified or fresh oocytes? DesignRetrospective multicentre analysis using data from eight CARE Fertility clinics across the UK between 2012 and 2019. Patients receiving treatment using embryos developed from vitrified oocytes (n = 118 women, n = 748 oocytes), providing 557 zygotes during this time period, were recruited and matched with patients undergoing treatment with embryos developed from fresh oocytes (n = 123 women, n = 1110 oocytes), providing 539 zygotes in the same time frame. Time-lapse microscopy was used to assess morphokinetic profiles, including early cleavage divisions (2- through to 8-cell), post-cleavage stages including time to start of compaction, time to morula, time to start of blastulation and time to full blastocyst. Duration of key stages such as the compaction stage were also calculated. Treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups (live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate). ResultsA significant delay of 2–3 h across all early cleavage divisions (2- through to 8-cell) and time to start of compaction occurred in the vitrified group versus fresh controls (all P ≤ 0.01). The compaction stage was significantly shorter in vitrified oocytes (19.02 ± 0.5 h) compared with fresh controls (22.45 ± 0.6 h, P < 0.001). There was no difference in the time that fresh and vitrified embryos reached the blastocyst stage (108.03 ± 0.7 versus 107.78 ± 0.6 h). There was no significant difference in treatment outcomes between the two groups. ConclusionVitrification is a useful technique for extending female fertility with no effects on IVF treatment outcome.

DyNNamic: Dynamically Reshaping, High Data-Reuse Accelerator for Compact DNNs

Convolutional layers dominate the computation and energy costs of Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference. Recent algorithmic works attempt to reduce these bottlenecks via compact DNN structures and model compression. Likewise, state-of-the-art accelerator designs leverage spatiotemporal characteristics of convolutional layers to reduce data movement overhead and improve throughput. Although both are independently effective at reducing latency and energy costs, combining these approaches does not guarantee cumulative improvements due to inefficient mapping. This inefficiency can be attributed to (1) inflexibility of underlying hardware and (2) inherent reduction of data-reuse opportunities of compact DNN structures. To address these issues, we propose a dynamically reshaping, high data-reuse PE array accelerator, namely <i>DyNNamic</i> . DyNNamic leverages kernel-wise filter decomposition to partition the convolution operation into two compact stages: Shared Kernels Convolution (SKC) and Weighted Accumulation (WA). Because both stages have vastly different dimensions, DyNNamic reshapes its PE array to effectively map the algorithm to the architecture. The architecture then exploits data-reuse opportunities created by the SKC stage, further reducing data movement with negligible overhead. We evaluate our approach on various representative networks and compare against state-of-the-art accelerators. On average, DyNNamic outperforms DianNao by <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8.4\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$12.3\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> in terms of inference energy and latency, respectively.

Bovine embryos release extracellular vesicles with differential miRNA signature during the compaction and blastulation stages

Pre-implantation embryos release extracellular vesicles (EVs) to extracellular environment. In this work it is hypothesized that the EVs miRNA cargo will vary during pre-implantation development due to the constant changes in gene expression that take place through this period. The concentration, size and miRNA cargo of EVs secreted by competent bovine embryos during the period from compaction to blastulation (Day 3-7) were analyzed. For this analysis tow developmental windows were defined: W2 from 8-cells (D3) to morula (D5) and W3 from morula (D5) to blastocyst (D7). For W2, in vitro produced embryos were individually cultured in EVs-depleted medium from D3 to D5; culture media were collected and assigned to Group W2. Morulae were kept in culture up to blastocyst stage to determine the developmental competence. For W3, D5 morulae were collected and cultured individually in EVs-depleted medium up to blastocyst stage; culture media were assigned to Group W3, and blastocysts were kept in culture up to day 11 to define their competence. The mean size of EVs was similar between groups, however, EVs concentration was lower in W2. A total of 140 miRNAs were identified. From them, 79 were differentially expressed between the groups, 28 upregulated and 51 downregulated. miRNAs differentially detected between both developmental windows participate in the regulation of signaling pathways which crucial for embryonic development. It was concluded that the secretion of EVs is regulated by the developmental progress of the embryo during the pre-implantation period.

Creep behavior and permeability evolution of coal pillar dam for underground water reservoir

Using goof as water storage space plays a vital role in the ecological environment and economic development of arid mining areas, while the rock strength and the stability of coal pillars in underground water reservoirs are closely related to creep process. In this work, triaxial creep-seepage tests were conducted for coal samples to develop new insights into the creep behavior and permeability evolution. The results showed that the creep deformation and permeability evolution of coal samples exhibit three stages, namely, the compaction hardening stage before the stress threshold, volumetric compaction stage, and volumetric dilatancy stage. The coal permeability decreases first and then increases with the creep strain and it is well correlated with the variation of volumetric strain.

Internal structure changes within porous asphalt mixture with different saturation under vertical repeated load

Porous asphalt (PA) pavement is subjected to the coupling effects of vehicle load, high temperature and moisture saturation during rainy summer days. The harsh traffic and environmental conditions pose a great challenge to the longevity of PA pavement, which still lacks quantitative evidence. This study aims to characterize the internal structure change of PA mixtures under the actual coupling conditions through a modified dynamic creep test, in which the temperature of rainfall is realized through constant temperature water tank during repeated loading process. The microstructure changes of PA mixtures were characterized using image processing and analysis methods. The test results show that the influence of water saturation on permanent deformation is obvious in the compaction stage. At this stage, the creep rate of the saturated specimen is the highest, followed by the scoured specimen and dry specimen. The greater the degree of water saturation, the earlier the void area stops decreasing. The presence of moisture aggravates the occurrence of failure, and leads to an increase in the number of small voids. In addition, it is also found that the increase of water saturation will expand the influence range of load compaction, resulting in the difference in void area between upper and lower parts of PA-13 decrease. The difference in the number of small voids between upper and lower parts of PA-13 is also reduced. The greater the degree of water saturation, the more obvious the decrease of contact length at the initial stage of loading, which could be attributed to the increase of water saturation that promotes the filling failure at the initial stage of loading and leads to rheological failure and overpressure failure in advance. Moreover, the division of the change process of void area, quantity, and contact length are consistent with the permanent deformation. The findings of this study reveal important information about the damage evolution of PA pavement rutting resistance under different saturation states.

Mechanical properties of shear thickening fluid filled warp-knitted spacer fabrics

This paper reports the compressive behavior and low-velocity impact behavior of warp-knitted spacer fabrics (WKSFs) filled with shear thickening fluid (STF) when subjected to quasi-static compression and low-velocity impact loadings, respectively. In the steady rheological test, the STF experiences a shear thickening transition at a critical shear rate. Besides, the critical shear rate decreases with the increase of silica mass fraction. The compression curves of WKSFs filled with STF composites were consistent with those of WKSFs, including initial, elastic and compaction stage. As the compression speed increases, the overall compression load values of WKSF and WKSFs filled with STF composite increase. Moreover, the compression load of composite increases with the increase of silica mass fraction. Compared with WKSFs, WKSFs filled with STF composite composites need more work to deform under the same strain. The impact result reveals that STF-filled WKSF would absorb more energy and keep the peak load at a lower level than WKSF under the same impact loadings. In a certain range, the energy absorption of composites becomes more excellent with the increasing silica mass fraction. However, over a certain range, the energy absorption of the composite decreases with the increase of the mass fraction of silica. It was concluded that the STF-filled WKSF composite could be expected as a damping or energy-absorptive material for human body protection.

Acoustic Emission Characteristics and Damage Evolution of Sandstone with Different Pores under External Load

The rock will be damaged and destroyed when the external load reaches the bearing limit, which will be accompanied by complex AE signals and damage evolution laws. Therefore, in order to obtain the relationship between AE signal and damage evolution characteristics of rocks, 4 kinds of sandstones of a mine are used for AE test. Firstly, the porosity of 4 kinds of sandstone is tested. Secondly, the AE signal parameter characteristics of sandstone with different porosity are analyzed. Finally, the AE parameters obtained are combined with cellular automata and damage theory to analyze the damage evolution law and critical damage value of different sandstones. The results show that the pore size of the four sandstones is QSYX &gt; QSYZ &gt; FSYX &gt; FSYZ. The loading process is divided into compaction stage, elastic deformation stage, and plastic deformation stage, with peak strengths of 46.92 MPa, 43.32 MPa, 57.87 MPa, and 54.31 MPa, respectively. Or the AE event rate, the missing area, missing parts and missing number are different. The QSYX missing area is larger than QSYZ and FSYZ; the macrocrack growth speed is also faster; and the signs of fracture are obvious. The number of FSYX missing is more than QSYX, QSYZ, and FSYZ. The first two missing parts are caused by internal defects; the last two missing parts are signs of fracture; QSYX, QSYZ, and FSYZ are shear failure, and FSYX is tensile failure. The damage evolution process of the four sandstones corresponds to the loading process one by one. The calm stage of damage corresponds to the compaction stage, the damage expansion stage corresponds to the elastic deformation stage, and the damage acceleration stage corresponds to the plastic deformation stage. The critical damage values are 0.438, 0.499, 0.576, and 0.476, respectively, which are higher than the critical damage values of the sandstone cell model of 0.43, indicating that when the damage values reach the critical value, instability exists and instability failure will occur with continuous load.

Damage evolution characteristics and deterioration mechanism of mechanical properties of sandstone subjected to drying-wetting cycles

The dams formed by rock pillars around underground reservoirs are frequently subjected to drying-wetting cycles, so that rock pillars may be deformed, broken and develop a large number of fractures. This further causes a massive loss of water and heavily affects the stability of the dam formed by rock pillars. To explore the damage evolution characteristics and the deterioration mechanism of mechanical properties of sandstone under drying-wetting cycles, mechanical tests were carried out on sandstone samples subjected to different numbers of drying-wetting cycles. Acoustic emission technology was used to real-timely monitor the failure process of sandstone under loading. At the same time, damaged rock samples were observed under a scanning electron microscope. On this basis, the development characteristics of fractures in the sandstone were analyzed, damage evolution of sandstone in different stress loading stages was expounded. Research results show that the more the drying-wetting cycles are, the more obvious the compaction stage and the more significant the deterioration of the peak strength and elastic modulus, accompanied by the gradual decrease of the strain energy and cumulative acoustic emission count. According to scanning electron microscope observations, fractures inside the sandstone increase in quantity and begin to coalesce after 10 drying-wetting cycles, so that loose particles and fracture degree gradually rise, and accumulation of damage causes mechanical properties of sandstone to gradually deteriorate. The research results provide a solid theoretical basis for stability evaluation and protection of dams formed by rock pillars around underground reservoirs in goaf.

An Experimental Study with Model Calibration for the Permanent Strain of Granite Residual Soil Subgrade under Drying-Wetting Cycles

The permanent strain is one of the most important dynamic properties of the granite residual soil. To systematically study the dynamic deformation characteristics of granite residual soil (GRS) under the drying-wetting (D-W) cycles, a series of dynamic triaxial tests is carried out to obtain the stress-strain relationship of GRS with various fine particle contents subjected to D-W cycles. The experimental results show that the growth of permanent strain consists of two stages, namely, compaction stage and compression stage. The main effect of D-W cycles is reflected in the compression stage. On the other hand, the influence of fine particle contents on the permanent strain occurs mainly at the compaction stage, which can be classified as the lubrication, densification, and asphyxiation, respectively. Subsequently, a new criterion to characterize the permanent strain of GRS is deduced from the experimental results, which accounts for both strains and rates of strains. This criterion illustrates that with the increase of D-W cycles number, the permanent strain evaluation pattern of GRS is gradually changing from plastic stabilization to plastic creep. Finally, a quadratic function model referring to the log-log scale is proposed to fit well the relationship between the permanent strain and loading cycle number of GRS under D-W cycles. It is found that the parameters of the proposed model can physically represent the strain rate, the compression strain, and the compaction strain.

Revealing the accessibility and surface morphology of the Escherichia coli nucleoid by genetically encoded live-cell single-particle tracking.

Membraneless organelles play a key role in the subcellular organization and regulation of bacterial cells. In particular, the bacterial genome is highly compacted into a membraneless organelle: the nucleoid. The structure and accessibility of the nucleoid significantly influences gene expression, and this morphology varies with growth phase and under various environmental conditions. Therefore, revealing how the DNA meshwork changes as a function of the growth phase will deepen our understanding of how bacteria regulate transcription in response to stress. To realize this goal, we applied single-particle tracking in E. coli and super-resolved the dynamics of an extrinsic 25-nm protein assembly with a well-defined dodecahedron structure: GFP-nanocages (Hsia et al., Nature 2016). By super-resolving the GFP-nanocage positions from log phase to late stationary phase, we observed an increasingly obvious exclusion of the probe by nucleoid, which indicates that the chromosome is compacting and becoming less accessible for gene expression. Our preliminary experiments also found a novel observation: the nucleoid size and compaction are not necessarily correlated. We hypothesize that at the intermediate stage of compaction, cells with small nucleoids may have a relatively low global compaction level because DNA chains are dragged by the force generated by DNA-NAP complex formation, leading to compacted rigid cores surrounded by a loosened DNA meshwork. By measuring the single-molecule step sizes at the periphery of the nucleoid, we understand the rigidity and smoothness of nucleoid surface at various phases. Furthermore, by analyzing the angle distribution within single-particle trajectories, we quantify the orientation of interactions with the nucleoid. The gene expression levels differ with cell growth stage (Verma et al., PLoS Genetics 2019). Our research provides a novel way of understanding how subcellular structure and gene expression are related.

A temperature-dependent elastoplastic damage model for frozen sandstone

Subzero temperature has a significant effect on mechanical behaviors of rocks. When a sandstone is in subzero temperature environments, the sandstone exhibits temperature-dependent mechanical characteristics due to the freezing of pore water and the shrinkage of mineral particles. To disclose the influence of subzero temperature on the mechanical behaviors of the frozen sandstone, triaxial compressive tests were carried out at four confining pressures (0 MPa, 1 MPa, 3 MPa, 5 MPa) and four subzero temperatures (0 °C, −5 °C, −10 °C, −15 °C). The laboratory tests show that the frozen sandstone undergoes four typical deformation stages from initial loading to failure: compaction, elasticity, yield and postpeak failure stage. With the temperature decreasing, the compaction stage gradually shortens, and the nonlinear behavior of yield stage weakens. The peak strength and initial yield stress of the frozen sandstone increase, and the initial and ultimate yield surfaces expand gradually with decreasing temperature. Based on the deformation features of the frozen sandstone, an elastoplastic damage model is established by considering the effect of subzero temperature on the yield process and deformation. The elastoplastic damage model was calibrated by the experimental data, and the comparisons demonstrate that the proposed constitutive model well agrees with the stress–strain curves at the four subzero temperatures. An exponential evolution law of the macroscopic damage is found in the elastoplastic model, which is totally consistent with the microscopic damage variation monitored by the acoustic emission (AE) technology. Therefore, the temperature-dependent elastoplastic model can well predict the whole deformation behaviors of the sandstone under different subzero temperatures and gives a quantitative description on the damage evolution, and may serve as theoretical references for the construction and safety operation of frozen rock masses in cold regions.

Layered re-breaking behavior of gangue backfilling materials and inspirations for protecting mined ecological environments

Gangue backfilling mining technology plays an important role in relieving environmental problems in mining area. The compression deformation and particle re-breaking properties of backfilling material directly affect gangue backfilling effect. In this study, three-dimensional acoustic emission (AE) positioning for broken particle materials was used to reveal the internal particle re-breaking process for broken backfilling coal gangue. The results can be summarized as follows: the compression deformation stage significantly affected the AE amplitude evolution during compression. In the initial and linear compaction stages, it increased gradually until stabilization at 90–100 dB. After compression to the plastic compaction stage, the AE amplitude gradually decreased, showing a higher decrease at smaller particle size. During the entire compression stage, more than 90 % of the AE amplitude was concentrated around 40–59 dB. According to the AE positioning and particle re-screening results, broken coal gangue exhibited layered re-breaking characteristics, that is, the particle re-breaking first occurred in the middle layer and then gradually shifted to the upper and lower layers with the stress increased. Larger particles were more likely to re-break under the same stress. Increasing the compacting force and reducing particle size of gangue backfilling materials in the middle of the mining goaf are proposed to improve the gangue backfilling effect and protect the ecological environment of mining areas.

Mechanical properties and microscopic characterization of cemented paste backfill with electrolytic manganese residue matrix binder

With the exploitation of mineral resources, more and more mined-out areas need to be backfilled. In order to meet the needs of backfill, a new cemented paste backfill (CPB) is developed. The new material uses electrolytic manganese residue (EMR), slag and red mud as binder, tailings as aggregates, and sodium hydroxide as alkali activator. Taking the EMR content, the mass concentration and bone glue ratio as the influencing factors, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of 3 d, 7 d and 28 d as the target, the single factor design was carried out, and the mixture proportion recommended was obtained. According to the 28 d UCS of CPB under mixture proportion recommended, a piecewise damage constitutive model with the end of initial compaction stage as the critical point was established. The three microscopic test methods of scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to analyze the CPB at different ages under the mixture proportion recommended. The internal morphology, composition, phase composition and chemical bond combination of the CPB were analyzed. The results show: when the EMR content is 20%, the mass concentration is 81%, and the bone glue ratio is 6, the mixture proportion recommended for the developed CPB was recommended; The established constitutive model can fit the UCS curve well; At the initial stage of reaction, C–S–H and C-A-S-H gels were formed inside the CPB; With the increase of age, the amount of gel formation increased, the diffraction peak of the reactants weakened, the diffraction peak of the product enhanced, the pore played a filling role, so that the internal structure was dense, porosity decreased; The corresponding characteristic bands originate from the asymmetric stretching and bending vibrations of H–O–H, Si–O, Si–O–Si, C–O and O–H chemical bonds. This new type of CPB can well meet the requirements of backfill, and can reasonably use solid waste.

A shear constitutive model and experimental demonstration considering dual void portion and solid skeleton portion of rock

Shear deformation and break is a typical failure phenomenon of engineering rock. Building a constitutive model for rock shearing behaviors is a key issue in stability assessment of geotechnical engineering. A dual-structure shear constitutive model was developed to reveal the full shearing deformation evolution features of geological material. It was assumed that the rock was composed of void portion and solid skeleton portion. Thus, the macro constitutive relation of rock shearing deformation was established by accumulating the micro voids’ shear deformation and solid skeleton deformation. The comparison analysis of four geological materials indicated that the constitutive model can fully characterize the shear deformation and failure evolution process of rock, including the compaction stage, linear elasticity, shear hardening, shear softening, bimodal phenomenon and residual stages. At the micro level, the damage variable (D) evolution of solid skeleton can be divided into three stages: (i) pre-damage stage; (ii) accelerated damage deterioration stage; and (iii) completed damage stage. It was worth paying attention to the Weibull parameters (m, u0), where parameter m reflected the brittle failure characteristics of the rock, and parameter u0 indicated shear peak strain and peak strength of rock. Finally, physical shear experiments for cemented paste backfill-rock were carried out and the bimodal shear failure mechanism was comprehensively analyzed based on the proposed constitutive model.

Inversion Study of Mechanical Parameters of Tunnel Surrounding Rock Based on Similar Test

Based on similar model tests and finite element simulations, inversion study of the mechanical parameters of the tunnel surrounding rock by combining artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) and digital scattering correlation method is carried out. The inversion of the mechanical parameters of the tunnel surrounding rock is carried out by iterating the optimization algorithm to minimize the objective function value through similar model test with the displacement measurements obtained by the digital scattering correlation method as the known quantity and the nodal displacement simulation values obtained by numerical simulation as the unknown quantity. The results show the following: (1) The new research idea proposed in this paper is effective and feasible and can perform the inversion calculation of the parameters of the soft and weak tunnel surrounding rock. (2) Through the inversion calculation, the parameters related to the surrounding rock show a wave-like change: the parameters increase in the initial and final compaction stages due to the small deformation rate of the tunnel and decrease in the continuous loading stage due to the increasing deformation rate of the tunnel. (3) The displacement field calculated by DSCM in the test is basically the same as the displacement distribution characteristics of the numerical simulation displacement cloud map, and the error of nodal displacement value is within 3%.

Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior and Energy Evolution Characteristics of Gas-Filled Deep Coal under Cyclic Loading

To study the mechanical behavior and energy evolution law of gas-filled deep coal, conventional triaxial compression experiments under different confining pressure and gas pressure conditions and cyclic loading and unloading experiments under different gas pressures were carried out. The failure characteristics and mechanical parameters evolution of two loading modes were analyzed. In addition, the energy density and ratio evolution law under cyclic loading was revealed, and based on these findings, an attempt was made to depict the relation of cumulative dissipated energy density and volumetric strain by fitting the experimental data. The results indicated that failure of coal is expressed as a single shear surface under conventional compression, while under cyclic loading mode, coal behaves with multi-fracture crushing failure. Mechanical parameters showed a trend of decay with increasing gas pressure, and that cyclic loading and unloading increases the bearing capacity of coal by 8–38%. The dissipated energy density and ratio grew significantly when coal entered the yield stage. In the compaction stage, the cumulative dissipated energy density rose with volumetric strain in the form of an exponential function, and it increased with relative volumetric strain as a power function.

Deep vibratory compaction simulated using a high-cycle accumulation model

Deep vibratory compaction (DVC) is an effective ground improvement method for granular soils in a loose initial state. An efficient numerical approach to simulate the whole process of DVC considering multiple compaction stages with over 1,000 vibrator cycles per stage is presented. The consideration of such a large number of cycles is made possible by applying an extended high-cycle accumulation (HCA) model. The approach allows to determine the optimal duration of vibration per compaction stage and the spacing of the stages of the DVC process. It is shown that a short vibration time per compaction stage with a small vertical distance between stages is favourable from an economical point of view.

Mechanical properties investigation and damage constitutive models of red sandstone subjected to freeze-thaw cycles

The mechanical properties of rock can be degraded by long-term freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs). However, the damage constitutive model of rock subjected to FTCs for simulating the whole deformation process is still lacking. In this paper, uniaxial compression tests for red sandstones were carried out under different numbers of FTCs, and the relationships between the mechanical parameters and the number of FTCs were established. The method for determining the fully compacted point was firstly proposed, and a random exponential function of strain difference during compaction stage and linear elastic stage was constructed. Then, a novel damage constitutive model simulating the whole deformation process of rock subjected to FTCs was proposed. The proposed model and three existing models were compared with experimental data, and their model performances were evaluated. The proposed model with the consideration of the initial compaction stage was found to be more consistent with the experimental data, while the two existing models can be improved to be more versatile. The finding enriches the research of rock in constitutive modelling in cold regions.

Analytical Damage Model for Predicting Coal Failure Stresses by Utilizing Acoustic Emission

Overburden collapse and water inrush in mines are primarily caused by rock fractures. Mining safety can be enhanced by monitoring and identifying early signs of coal failure in the mines. This article collected acoustic emission data synchronously throughout a series of uniaxial compression (UC) experiments on natural and water-saturated coal. The influence mechanisms of water, mechanical properties, and acoustic emission signals on the stress–strain curve and the SEM results of water-saturated and dry samples are investigated. As a result, the mechanical properties of coal are not only weakened by water saturation, such as elastic modulus, strain, stress, and compressive strength but also reduced acoustic emissions. In comparison with saturated coal, natural coal has a uniaxial stress of 13.55 MPa and an elastic modulus of 1.245 GPa, while saturated coal has a stress of 8.21 MPa and an elastic modulus of 0.813 GPa. Intergranular fractures are more likely to occur in coal with a high water content, whereas transgranular fractures are less likely to occur in coal with a high water content. An innovative and unique statistical model of coal damage under uniaxial loading has been developed by analyzing the acoustic emission data. Since this technique takes into account the compaction stage, models based on this technique were found to be superior to those based on lognormal or Weibull distributions. A correlation coefficient of greater than 0.956 exists between the piecewise constitutive model and the experimental curve. Statistical damage constitutive models for coal are compatible with this model. Additionally, the model can precisely forecast the stress associated with both natural and saturated coal and can be useful in the prevention of rock-coal disasters in water conditions.

The Anti-Impact Characteristics of Cables under Impact Load

The cable plays a vital role in roadway support. As the last barrier to prevent roof collapse and impact disaster accidents, it is of great significance to study stress characteristics of cables under impact dynamic load to guide the rock burst roadway support. With high-strength cables of Φ21.6 and Φ21.8 mm and low-resistance high-extension cables of Φ21.5 mm as examples, this paper studied the instantaneous mechanical state and energy dissipation characteristics of different types of cables under impact loads by using impact testing machines and high-frequency data acquisition system. The results show that the impact process can strengthen the strength of the cable. The strength and elongation of anchor cables are a pair of characteristic indexes with an inverse relationship. Simply increasing one index cannot improve the overall impact resistance of the cable. To quantitatively characterize the impact resistance and energy absorption effect of cables, the impact resistance index k was introduced. The smaller the index, the better the energy absorption effect of cables. In the process of dynamic load impact of high-strength cable, about 43.7% of the total energy is dissipated disordered in the form of mechanical energy. The dynamic load impact process of low-resistance and high-extension cables is similar to the viscoelastic impact. In the collision compaction stage, the force of the cable is basically constant. Most of the impact energy is absorbed or transformed by the cable, about 17.7% of which is mostly dissipated in the form of mechanical energy. The disordered dissipated mechanical energy is less, so the impact resistance and energy absorption effect of this cable are better. The cable plays an important role in the process of bearing the dynamic load of surrounding rock. The anti-impact performance index of cables should be considered in dynamic load impact roadway support design.