Dense Thin Films Research Articles

Synthesis and characterization of ZnO and CuO coatings for antibacterial and antiviral applications

Copper oxide (CuO) and Zinc oxide (ZnO), coating have attracted attention for their potential antiviral properties, including their ability to combat virus. This study focuses on the development and characterization of self-disinfecting surface passivation films composed of CuO and ZnO, obtained using the spin-coating technique. The research aims to develop surfaces that can actively eliminate harmful microorganisms, reducing the risk of infections, while also offering strong mechanical resistance and adhesion to withstand external factors, which is crucial for ensuring long-term effectiveness. Additionally, the microstructural properties of the elaborated films were analyzed using SEM/EDS, which stands for Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The mechanical behavior was assessed through Vickers hardness and scratch resistance tests. It was found a dense and homogeneous thin films. The hardness of CuO and ZnO films were 11.14 ± 0.04 GPa, and 8.89 ± 0.04 GPa respectively. Therefore, scratching tests revealed high adhesion properties with a critical load LC1 of 1.89 ± 0.02 N and 1.04 ± 0.02 N for CuO and ZnO films respectively. Then, this study revealed that CuO and ZnO films exhibit excellent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, as well as outstanding antiviral activity against the HSV-2 virus.

The Impact of Bromine Surface Doping on the Structural, Optical, and Morphological Properties of Bismuth‐Based Perovskite Film as a Light‐Absorber in Perovskite Solar Cells

Bismuth‐based perovskite materials have concerned significant attention due to their low‐toxic and stable properties. However, achieving smooth and dense thin films for the preferential growth of bismuth‐based perovskite along the c‐axis, which is conducive to the preparation of solar cells, is challenging. Therefore, using halogen atoms to partially replace iodine atoms and constrain anisotropic growth has been shown to be an effective method for obtaining high‐quality perovskite films. Herein, Br doping with varying concentrations is used to treat bismuth‐based perovskite films with larger and denser grains compared to those without doping. When a small amount of Br ions is doped, the surface of the perovskite layer becomes more uniform, significantly improving the compactness of the perovskite film. Additionally, proper Br doping can reduce internal defects in the films, effectively inhibiting nonradiative recombination, enhancing light absorption, and increasing carrier lifetime. The optimal power conversion efficiency of Br‐doped bismuth halide perovskite solar cells is found to be 0.136%, compared to 0.087% for pristine devices.

Electrosynthesis-Induced Pt Skin Effect in Mesoporous Ni-Rich Ni-Pt Thin Films for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

A Pt skin effect, i.e., an enrichment of Pt within the first 1-2 nm from the surface, is observed in as-prepared electrodeposited Ni-rich Ni-Pt thin films. This effect, revealed by Rutherford backscattering (RBS), is present for both dense thin films and mesoporous thin films synthesized by micelle-assisted electrodeposition from a chloride-based electrolyte. Due to the Pt skin effect, the Ni-rich thin films show excellent stability at the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media, during which a gradient in the Pt/Ni ratio is established along the thickness of the thin films, while the activity at the HER remains unaffected by this structural change. Further characterization by elastic recoil detection with He ions analysis shows that hydrogen profiles are similar to those of Pt: a surface hydrogen peak coincides with the Pt skin, and a gradient in hydrogen concentration is established during HER in acidic media, together with a considerable uptake in hydrogen. A comparative study shows that in alkaline media, hydrogen evolution has little to no effect on the structural properties of the thin films, even for much longer times of exposure. The mesoporous thin films, in addition to their higher efficiency at HER compared to dense thin films, also show lower internal stress, as determined by Rietveld refinement of grazing incidence X-ray diffraction patterns. The latter also reveal a fully single-phase and nanocrystalline structure for all thin films with varying Ni contents.

Functionally graded La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ hollow fiber membrane for oxygen separation: fabrication, upscaling, and stability

La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF) hollow fiber membranes are usually fabricated through slurry spinning process followed by one-step sintering. While high oxygen permeation performance can be obtained, the designs lack sufficient mechanical strength, limiting further upscaling for stack and module development. This research studies a functionally graded hollow fiber LSCF membrane with a three-layer structure, i.e., thick LSCF-ZnO substrate/dense thin film LSCF/porous, thin LSCF catalyst layer. The thick substrate provides sufficient mechanical strength to support the membrane while facilitating facile gas diffusion with embedded open microchannels. The dense thin film LSCF separation layer decreases bulk diffusion resistance. The porous thin LSCF catalyst layer increases the reaction area for surface exchange process. The synergetic combination of the three layers enables to improve both mechanical strength and permeation performance. A stack with three parallelly-connected hollow fibers is assembled to demonstrate its potential capability for upscaling. Permeation performance is systematically measured and accelerated long-term stability is conducted for both the single membrane and the stack. The single membrane and the stack obtain oxygen permeation flux of ∼1.9 and 1.1 ml⋅cm−2⋅min−1 at 900 °C, respectively, and demonstrate excellent stability and robustness during a long-term test of ∼400 h and ∼20 thermal cycles between 600 and 900 °C. Membrane samples are characterized before and after the test. Experimental data are analyzed, and fundamental mechanisms are discussed.

Solid-state electrolytes: a way to increase the power of lithium-ion batteries

Currently, all-solid-state lithium metal batteries are considered among the most promising energy storage devices, due to their safety and high energy density. Solid-state electrolytes, the key components of the batteries, are attracting increasing attention. This review presents an analysis of important recent advances in the field of lithium conducting solid-state electrolytes, including the mechanisms of conductivity, the main approaches to increase the conductivity, optimization of interfaces and ways to improve the stability for the main types of electrolytes, <i>i.e.</i>, inorganic, polymer and composite materials. For solid inorganic electrolytes, high conductivity and stability have been achieved; however, the problems related the formation of dense thin films and formation of a reliable contact with electrode materials are still unsolved. Polymer electrolytes are characterized by lower conductivity, which is improved upon plasticization with aprotic solvents. Composite electrolytes, for which it is possible to achieve a combination of high conductivity and good mechanical properties along with stability, are considered as the most promising. The main problems in the field of solid electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries and possible ways to solve them are outlined.<Br>The bibliography includes 661 references.<Br> Key words: solid-state lithium battery, inorganic electrolyte, polymer electrolyte, composite electrolyte, ionic conductivity, lithium conductivity, transference numbers

Flash soldering of boron nitride nanosheets for all-ceramic films

The assembly of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) into strong, flexible thin films capable of withstanding extreme conditions, such as high/low working temperatures and corrosive environments, holds promise for numerous applications. However, Assmebling and sintering of BNNS into dense thin film can be challenging. We report the rapid fabrication of dense BNNS all-ceramic films (BACFs) in 30 s by combining the fabrication strategies for 2D and ceramic materials. In this process, densely arranged and highly oriented BNNSs are flash soldered into a monolith achieved by precisely controlled ultrafast sintering. This fusion of BNNS leads to an ultrahigh in-plane thermal conductivity of 134.5 W·m−1·K−1. The as-prepared BACF exhibits the combined advantages of sintered ceramics (durability, stability, acid-alkali resistance) and 2D material films such as flexibility and shock resistance, which is important for practical uses. It also has excellent cooling performance, dielectric properties, and good thermal stability, which is promising for demanding thermal management applications in emerging technologies.

High quality a-InGaZnO and a-ZrAlO deposited at 375 °C by spray pyrolysis for low voltage operation TFTs

We report the high-performance, bottom-gate a-InGaZnO (IGZO) TFT with high-k ZrAlO (ZAO) gate insulator by spray pyrolysis (SP). The a-IGZO/ZAO TFT exhibits the average saturation mobility of 23.12 cm2 V−1 s−1, subthreshold swing of 121 mV dec-1, ION/OFFratio of ∼108 with no hysteresis and low off-state current of ∼10-19A µm−1. In addition, the TFT exhibits good interface quality with less trap density (∼9x1010 cm−2) and conduction band tail state (∼4.3x1018 cm−3) extracted from TCAD fitting. The high-performance is attributed to the formation of uniform and dense a-IGZO and ZAO thin films with low defect density. Therefore, the SP a-IGZO/ZAO TFTs have great potential to be employed in low-cost, low driving voltage TFTs for display application.

One-step preparation of large-size 1.5-μm-thick robust YSZ electrolyte for high CH4 conversion SOFCs at 600 °C

Ultrathin electrolytes can lower the operating temperature of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)-based solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) to below 600 °C, accelerating their commercialization. However, current technologies for fabricating robust electrolytes with large areas and a thickness of a few microns for SOFCs suffer from substantial practical limitations, including high manufacturing costs, intricate technical demands, and multistep fabrication processes. This study introduces a low-cost, high-yield, and facile one-step phase inversion technology to fabricate large-area and shape-variable ultrathin YSZ electrolyte-based SOFCs (disc diameter >12 cm and area of 10 cm × 10 cm). An integrated form of SOFCs with dendritic YSZ microchannels supporting a 1.5-μm-thick dense YSZ thin film was fabricated. The ultrathin electrolyte layer lowered ohmic and polarization losses, enhancing SOFC electrochemical performance. The integrated anode/electrolyte structure overcame the interfacial thermal mismatch, resulting in more than 210 h of long-term stability even with cells operating in rapidly changing environments. The single cell also exhibited a high CH4 conversion efficiency (55%), which was attributed to the fast gas diffusion and excellent catalytic activity within the integrated anode. In addition, our 4 cm × 4 cm flat SOFCs exhibited a high power output (5.1 W) at 600 °C, paving the way for the mass production of ultrathin and robust YSZ electrolytes.

Zirconium Oxynitride Thin Films for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

Transition metal oxynitrides are a promising class of functional materials for photoelectrochemical (PEC) applications. Although these compounds are most commonly synthesized via ammonolysis of oxide precursors, such synthetic routes often lead to poorly controlled oxygen-to-nitrogen anion ratios, and the harsh nitridation conditions are incompatible with many substrates, including transparent conductive oxides. Here, we report direct reactive sputter deposition of a family of zirconium oxynitride thin films and the comprehensive characterization of their tunable structural, optical, and functional PEC properties. Systematic increases of the oxygen content in the reactive sputter gas mixture enable access to different crystalline structures within the zirconium oxynitride family. Increasing oxygen contents lead to a transition from metallic to semiconducting to insulating phases. In particular, crystalline Zr2ON2-like films have band gaps in the UV-visible range and are n-type semiconductors. These properties, together with a valence band maximum position located favorably relative to the water oxidation potential, make them viable photoanode candidates. Using chopped linear sweep voltammetry, we indeed confirm that our Zr2ON2 films are PEC-active for the oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolytes. We further show that high-vacuum annealing boosts their PEC performance characteristics. Although the observed photocurrents are low compared to state-of-the-art photoanodes, these dense and planar thin films can offer a valuable platform for studying oxynitride photoelectrodes, as well as for future nanostructuring, band gap engineering, and defect engineering efforts.

Study of AlN Epitaxial Growth on Si (111) Substrate Using Pulsed Metal–Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition

A dense and smooth aluminium nitride thin film grown on a silicon (111) substrates using pulsed metal–organic chemical vapor deposition is presented. The influence of the pulsed cycle numbers on the surface morphology and crystalline quality of the aluminium nitride films are discussed in detail. It was found that 70 cycle numbers produced the most optimized aluminium nitride films. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images show a dense and smooth morphology with a root-mean-square-roughness of 2.13 nm. The narrowest FWHM of the X-ray rocking curve for the AlN 0002 and 10–12 reflections are 2756 arcsec and 3450 arcsec, respectively. Furthermore, reciprocal space mapping reveals an in-plane tensile strain of 0.28%, which was induced by the heteroepitaxial growth on the silicon (111) substrate. This work provides an alternative approach to grow aluminium nitride for possible application in optoelectronic and power devices.

Effect of Holding Time on Structure and Optical Properties of PbSe Films Deposited in a Chemical Bath on Si(100) Substrates

Lead selenide (PbSe) thin films are widely used in the field of infrared detection due to their high infrared detection rate and sensitivity at room temperature. In recent years, PbSe thin films have been successfully grown on Si substrates. This article utilized the chemical bath deposition (CBD) method to prepare uniform and dense PbSe thin films on Si(100) substrates. The crystal structure, micro morphology, thickness, and energy band gap of polycrystalline PbSe thin films on Si(100) substrates were studied at a deposition temperature of 70 °C with a holding time of 30–120 min. Results showed that the prepared PbSe films bonded well with the Si(100) substrate. As the holding time increased, PbSe maintained [200] crystal orientation growth, and the crystallinity improved. The thickness of the PbSe thin film increased with the holding time, while the energy band gap first decreased and then increased. The PbSe thin film prepared with a holding time of 60 min had a thickness of about 388.5 nm, grew in the [200] crystal orientation, and had an energy band gap of 0.153 eV, showing the best optical properties.

Membrane Design Principles for Ion-Selective Electrodialysis: An Analysis for Li/Mg Separation.

Selective electrodialysis (ED) is a promising membrane-based process to separate Li+ from Mg2+, which is the most critical step for Li extraction from brine lakes. This study theoretically compares the ED-based Li/Mg separation performance of different monovalent selective cation exchange membranes (CEMs) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes at the coupon scale using a unified mass transport model, i.e., a solution-friction model. We demonstrated that monovalent selective CEMs with a dense surface thin film like a polyamide film are more effective in enhancing the Li/Mg separation performance than those with a loose but highly charged thin film. Polyamide film-coated CEMs when used in ED have a performance similar to that of polyamide-based NF membranes when used in NF. NF membranes, when expected to replace monovalent selective CEMs in ED for Li/Mg separation, will require a thin support layer with low tortuosity and high porosity to reduce the internal concentration polarization. The coupon-scale performance analysis and comparison provide new insights into the design of composite membranes used for ED-based selective ion-ion separation.

High-quality dense ZnO thin films: work function and photo/electrochemical properties

Compact ZnO (wurtzite) thin films are prepared on four different substrates by (i) spray pyrolysis or (ii) pulsed reactive magnetron sputtering combined with a radio frequency electron cyclotron wave resonance plasma. Films are characterized by AFM, XRD, Kelvin probe, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and UV photoelectrochemistry. Film morphologies, defect concentrations, crystallite size, and orientation provided specific fingerprints for the electronic structure of ZnO close to the conduction band minimum. Fabricated films are referenced, if relevant, to a model system based on a wurtzite single crystal with either Zn-face or O-face termination. Kelvin probe measurements of the ZnO/air interface distinguished effects of annealing and UV excitation, which are attributed to removal of oxygen vacancies close to the surface. In turn, the work function, at the electrochemical interface, specifically addressed the growth protocol of the ZnO electrodes but not the effects of crystallinity and annealing. Finally, high photocurrents of water oxidation are observed exclusively on virgin films. This effect is then discussed in terms of photocorrosion, and work function changes due to UV light.Graphical

One-step facile solution synthesis of α-Ag2S nanoparticles and fabrication of multi-layered thin films

The ductility possessed by α-Ag2S renders it a promising candidate for various forthcoming stretchable electronic devices. There is a significant need for a facile approach for producing α-Ag2S thin film with a dense surface. This study has opted for the spin coating technique to prepare α-Ag2S thin films from the colloidal solution. This method starts by mixing AgNO3 and amidino thiourea solution and is easy, straightforward and much less time-consuming compared to self-assembling procedure. The thickness of the film can be well-controlled by coating multiple layers on various substrates. The observed resistive switching behavior in the obtained dense α-Ag2S thin film, along with the integrity of the film in the bending test, suggests its potential utility in electronic applications. It is hoped that our work can offer an innovative mean for crafting flexible α-Ag2S thin film applicable in future devices.

Synergistic effect of deposition temperature and substrate bias on structural, mechanical, stability and adhesion of TiN thin film prepared by reactive HiPIMS

Titanium nitride (TiN) thin films continue to attract unprecedented attention due to their favourable mechanical, thermal, electrical and chemical properties. These properties depend, among others, on the morphology and the architecture of the thin film, which can be tuned with different configurations of the deposition parameters. This study presents an experimental investigation to tune the properties of TiN thin film deposited using reactive High-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) at different deposition temperatures (without heating (RT) and 400 °C) and substrate bias potentials (of floating, ground, −20 V, −40 V and −60 V). It is demonstrated that the morphological, structural, and mechanical properties of TiN can be tailored by controlling the deposition temperature and substrate potential bias to deposit dense thin films. A maximum hardness of 30 GPa was achieved for the thin film deposited at RT with a bias voltage of −60 V. The failure mechanism of the fracture toughness exhibited an isotropic behaviour at an applied load of 1 and 2 N respectively, for thin films deposited at RT. In contrast, an anisotropic behaviour was observed in the thin film deposited at a temperature of 400 0C.Overall, the thin film deposited at a temperature of 4000C showed an improved fracture toughness resistance (KIC) than the thin films deposited at RT. The use of bias potential was also observed to be beneficial for improving the KIC of the TiN thin films.

Preparation and characterization of SbSeI thin films

Metal chalcohalides are promising candidates for next-generation technologies that include energy conversion, information storage, and quantum computing. Among them, antimony selenoiodide (SbSeI) has received rising interest for different optoelectronic devices, including photovoltaics, due to its bandgap energy, strong optical absorption, stability, and earth abundant, low-cost, and low toxicity constituents. In this work, SbSeI thin films were prepared through a two-step process. At first, antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) thin films were deposited at 300 °C (Sb2Se3-300) and at room temperature (Sb2Se3-RT) onto molybdenum covered soda-lime glass substrates by a magnetron sputtering method. The formation of SbSeI thin films was performed by isothermally annealing the as-deposited Sb2Se3 thin films in sealed quartz ampoules in the atmosphere of antimony iodide (SbI3) with the presence of 100 Torr of argon pressure. The influence of the annealing temperature and time during the iodization of different types of substrates on the morphology and composition of SbSeI thin films was investigated. The well-oriented and dense single-phase SbSeI thin films with stoichiometric composition and single-crystal micro-columnar structures were achieved by annealing Sb2Se3-RT in SbI3 atmosphere at 250 °C for 5 min under 100 Torr of Ar pressure. The room temperature photoluminescence (RT-PL) of SbSeI exhibited a broad asymmetric PL band with a maximum at 1.67 eV. The low-temperature (T = 8 K) PL study of SbSeI showed a broad and asymmetric PL band at 1.4 eV, being quite distant from the bandgap. This PL band at 1.4 eV with obtained small thermal quenching activation energy of 12.7 meV is proposed to originate from the deep donor-deep acceptor pair (DD-DA) recombination.

Fabrication of iron doped titanium dioxide photocatalytic nanocomposite supported by water-quenched blast furnace slag and photocatalytic degradation of wastewater

Metallurgical solid waste blast furnace water quenched slag (WBFS) was employed as carrier materials to prepare Fe–TiO2/WBFS composite photocatalyst using a sol-gel method for improving both the photocatalytic activity and the high-value utilization of metallurgical solid waste. The Fe3+ doping technology was adopted to increase the utilization of solar energy. The influencing factors and photocatalytic activity were systematically evaluated by thermogravimetry/differential thermal analyser (TG-DSC), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, scanning electron microscopy-energy spectrometer (SEM-EDS), X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy (XPS), UV–Vis absorption spectrum and photoluminescence spectra technology through the degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) solution. The results showed that the Fe3+ ions were successfully incorporated into the TiO2 lattice, which had no effect on the crystalline phase of TiO2 and expanded the spectral response range of TiO2 from the ultraviolet region to the visible light region. When the calcination temperature was at 450 °C and the number of Fe–TiO2 sol loading cycles was two times, the photocatalytic activity of Fe–TiO2/WBFS presented the strongest, and the degradation ratio of MB reach the maximum value of 98.9 %. A uniform and dense anatase TiO2 thin film was wrapped on the surface of WBFS. The photocatalytic activity first improved and then weakened with an increase of calcination temperature, Fe3+ doping amounts and the loading cycles of sol. The TiO2 film changed from thin to thick and uneven to uniform, until cracking and spalling phenomenon finally occurred with an increase of Fe–TiO2 sol loading cycle from 1 to 3 times. When the Fe–TiO2/WBFS was reused for four times, the degradation rate of MB could still show 67.4 %, being far higher than that of TiO2/WBFS of 25.4 %.

Nitrophenol compounds photoreduction by MnO2/ZnO thin film with impact on reducing agents

In this work, a thin layer of manganese dioxide/zinc oxide (MnO2/ZnO) was deposited on a glass substrate using a two-stage chemical bath deposition (CBD) method to optimize the photocatalytic activities in the reduction of 2-nitrophenol. The effects of ethanol and butanol as reducing agents on the surface morphology, wettability, thermal insulation, and photocatalytic activities were investigated. At 100 kX magnification, the micrographs clearly showed the MnO2 nanoparticles embedded in the thin film for the single and two-stage CBD, with the particle agglomeration being more pronounced for the two-stage CBD. ZnO has been diffused into MnO2 for both reducing agents, albeit with lower integration. In addition, the images show that the prepared catalyst in butanol gradually granulates with increasing ZnO content compared to ethanol, affecting its particle size and the active surface. The thermal insulation test reveals that the sample with 10 % ZnO reduces the temperature by 4 °C, which improves the durability and stability of the catalyst. The exact composition of the sample demonstrates the optimum photodegradation of 2-nitrophenol with an efficiency of 94.96 % (0.0301 min−1). The measurement of the water contact angle also showed an increase in the contact angle (CA) with a value of 55.6°. Based on the findings, it was found that photocatalysts using butanol as a reducing agent demonstrate higher efficiency in reducing of 2-nitrophenol as compared to ethanol due to its homogeneous distribution and large surface area. This study brought a new direction in impact of reducing agent on void free and dense thin film of the MnO2/ZnO catalyst in reducing of persistent water pollutants under visible light irradiation.

Comprehensive Crystal Regulation Reduces Interfacial Energy Loss for Efficient Blue Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

As an essential component of future full-color displays, blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) still lag far behind the red and green counterparts in the device performances. In the mainstream quasi-2D blue perovskite system, trap-mediated nonradiative loss, low energy transfer efficiency, and interface fluorescence quenching remain significant challenges. Herein, guanidinium thiocyanate (GASCN) and potassium cinnamate (PCA) are respectively introduced into the hole transport layer (HTL) and the perovskite precursor to achieve a dense and uniform perovskite thin film with greatly improved optoelectronic properties. Therefore, adequate GA+ acts as pre-nucleation sites on the HTL surface, regulating crystallization through strong hydrogen bonding with perovskite intermediates. The realized polydisperse domain distribution is conducive to cascade energy transfer, and the improved hole transport ability alleviates interface fluorescence quenching. In addition, the SCN- and CA- groups can form coordination bonds with the defects at the buried perovskite interface and grain boundaries, respectively, which effectively suppresses the detrimental nonradiative recombination. Benefitting from the comprehensive crystal regulation, blue PeLEDs featuring stable emission at 484 and 468nm exhibit improved external quantum efficiencies of 11.5% and 4.3%, respectively.

Investigation of the Nonionic Acidizing Retarder AAO for Reservoir Stimulation.

In the process of matrix acidizing, reducing the reaction rate between hydrochloric acid and carbonate rock to increase oil and gas production has become one of the biggest challenges in reservoir stimulation. An adsorption film formed on rocks can effectively postpone the contact between the hydrogen ion and rock, which is of great significance in decreasing the rate of an acid-rock reaction. In this study, nonionic acidizing retarder AAO was synthesized by acrylamide, allyl poly(ethylene glycol), and octadecyl methacrylate. The structure of AAO was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The reaction of AAO retard acid and 20% hydrochloric acid with CaCO3 was studied at 50 °C, and the amount of CO2 generated at different times was recorded. The etching time of 0.8% AAO retard acid to CaCO3 could be up to 120 min, whereas 20% hydrochloric acid (without AAO) ended at 45 min, which showed that AAO had the potential to defer the acid-rock reaction. The adsorption behavior of AAO on CaCO3 matched the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well. Meanwhile, the addition of urea greatly reduced the adsorption amount of AAO on CaCO3, which showed that the hydrogen bond was the driving force for the adsorption process. Additionally, the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the N element from acrylamide appeared on the surface of CaCO3 after adsorption. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that a smooth and dense thin film existed on the surface of CaCO3 treated with AAO retard acid. The change in the vibration peak of C=O from 1720 to 1650 cm-1 indicated that the ester groups in AAO had been hydrolyzed, which was beneficial to film desorption and the reduction of reservoir damage. Therefore, this paper could help with research on carbonate acidizing for reservoir stimulation.