Democracy In Indonesia Research Articles

The Role of Elections in Improving Democracy in Indonesia

The Role of Elections in Improving Democracy in Indonesia

Demokratisasi dan Media Massa di Indonesia

This research analyzes the role of mass media in the democratization process in Indonesia after the fall of the New Order in 1998. Using a literature study method, this research evaluates the role of mass media in disseminating information, facilitating public dialogue, and strengthening government accountability. Political reforms have allowed the media to report important issues more freely, contributing to government transparency and accountability. The mass media also serves as a platform for public discussion, helping the public understand national issues and become more critical voters. However, the mass media faces significant challenges, including intense competition among media channels, dependence on political and economic interests, and the risk of information manipulation. The research results show that despite these challenges, the mass media remains a vital element in promoting democratization in Indonesia by increasing public participation and political transparency. Steps to strengthen media integrity and professionalism, as well as media education for the public, are essential to ensure that the mass media can continue to play a role as a pillar of a healthy and sustainable democracy.

The Role of Pancasila Education and Citizenship Subject Teachers in Strengthening Pancasila Democratic Values for High School Students

The subject of Pancasila and Civic Education (PPKn) is the most strategic subject to strengthen students' democratic attitudes because it is closely related to habits or customs that need to be improved in everyday life so that it is easier to practice. The role of Civics teachers is needed to direct students to get maximum teaching and be able to practice democratic values. This article aims to find out the meaning of Pancasila and Citizenship Education, Pancasila democracy, and analyze the role of teachers in strengthening democratic values in high school students. The literature study method with a literature review approach was applied by the author in preparing the article. Data collection techniques use documentation studies by collecting documents that are in accordance with the research topic. The results of the study explained that Pancasila and Citizenship Education is a subject that is closely related to lessons that relate to human relations in a country, whether social, economic, or political relations. Pancasila democracy is a system of government that is run in Indonesia based on the values contained in Pancasila itself. The results of the analysis of the role of Civics teachers in high school students show that the role of educators is very important to apply and implement democratic values for students. The implementation is shown by several democratic attitudes such as freedom of opinion, respect for other people's opinions, deliberation to reach consensus, accustoming students to participate in elections within the school, and so on. Strengthening democratic values is very important to teach because students are part of society who will later play a role in monitoring democracy in Indonesia.

Protection of Human Rights in Pancasila Democracy

Pancasila serves as the foundation of the Indonesian state and the principal ideology guiding the formulation and implementation of government policies. This research aims to provide evaluative and informative material on Pancasila from a human rights perspective. The study falls within the juridical-normative category, involving the examination of theories, concepts, legal principles, and regulations pertinent to the research subject. Specifically, this research seeks to evaluate and elucidate the human rights dimensions embedded within Pancasila values. Pancasila underscores the protection of individual rights as articulated in the 1945 Constitution, which guarantees fundamental rights such as the right to life, the right to freedom of religion, and the right to education. This study examines the protection of human rights within the context of Pancasila democracy in Indonesia. Utilizing a literature review and an empirical data approach, the article delves into the philosophical and legal underpinnings of Pancasila democracy and its implications for human rights protection in Indonesia. As the state ideology, Pancasila democracy emphasizes the importance of participation, justice, and welfare for all citizens, including the safeguarding of human rights. In Pancasila democracy, the protection of human rights is a paramount responsibility of the Indonesian state. By strengthening law enforcement, ensuring the fair application of laws, and fostering active societal participation, Indonesia can guarantee and respect the rights of every citizen in alignment with the democratic principles of Pancasila.

Recht finding of the Constitutional Court In the perspective of the rule of law and democracy (Study of the Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia, Number: 90/PUU-XXI/2023)

Purpose: As a state of law, the demand to produce quality laws in Indonesia is very necessary and must not contradict the Constitution (1945 Constitution). All regulations formed must be subject to the 1945 Constitution. The formation of laws and regulations under it often contradicts the constitution and is challenged in the Constitutional Court. One of them is a lawsuit against Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning Special General Elections article 169 letter q which later issued decision Number: 90 / PUU-XXI / 2023. This paper aims to describe the act of legal discovery through Constitutional Court rulings as a pillar of the State of Law and Democracy. Method: The method used in this writing is normative legal research which is basically doctrinal or theoretical legal research, with the approach method used, namely (1) statutory approach, (2) case approach, (3) historical approach, and (4) conceptual approach. Results: The results of the study concluded that the Constitutional Court was right in its decision to amend Article 169 letter q of Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections, in order to uphold the concept of the rule of law and democracy in Indonesia. Limitations: The limitation of this research is only on the aspect of legal discovery authority by the Constitutional Court. Contribution: For this reason, this writing may contribute to strengthening the authority of the Constitutional Court in the future along with the times.

Why Do Religious Ideas Matter? The Multidimensionality of the Indonesian Public Sphere

In this paper, I challenge the claim of the universalistic public sphere by providing contextual complexity of the national and local public sphere in Indonesia. In the original version of the Habermasian public sphere, people sat together in the salon and the café to exchange their ideas, sustaining the secular, capitalistic, and individualistic public sphere. However, further critics have shown the problems of putting secular ideas as the central force of the public sphere, particularly as it overlooks the complexity of the public sphere in religious contexts. These critics are particularly relevant to understanding the Indonesian public sphere in which the Muslim-majority population aims to dominate public life, as the religiously motivated political agenda has a further consequence for democratisation in Indonesia, which has been heralded as a prime example of harmony between Islamic values and Western democracy. At the same time, digitalisation has facilitated a religious revival in the national public sphere, combining religious sentiment within a highly individualised and digitalised society. This paper analyses the challenges of the digital divide in the local public sphere of pondok pesantren (Indonesian Islamic boarding schools). With a lack of digital access and democratic practices in day-to-day pondok pesantren life, communalistic religious practices have dominated the public sphere of these boarding schools. Within such complexity, this paper deliberates on how the local and national contexts in Indonesia shed light on the multidimensionality of the public sphere.

Shadows of political corruption amidst the trend of declining democracy in Indonesia: Learning from the dynamics of 2024 Presidential Election

This conceptual article is based on primary and secondary data from various sources discussing the dynamics of Indonesian politics and democracy through the 2024 General Election. This article aims to identify various alleged political corruption practices as well as to evaluate the development of the quality of Indonesian democracy implied by the 2024 political process. Although allegations of political corruption are believed to be common among many groups, proving them legally and politically is not easy to do. This leaves a number of notes, especially regarding the nature of power and the trend of weakening the quality of democracy in the country. The 2024 General Election provided some valuable lessons that the aspects of neutrality and independence of state power should be of common concern to reorganize and increase the quality of the future Indonesian democracy.

Understanding Voting Behavior Models: A Critical Review

<p class="TableParagraph"><em>This research aims to explore the impact of money politics on voting behavior, compliance and voter loyalty in Indonesia using literature study and desk research methods. Money politics, which involves providing material incentives to voters, has become a widespread and influential phenomenon in the electoral system in Indonesia. This study analyzes various literature and secondary data to understand how money politics influences voters' preferences, their level of compliance with candidates who provide incentives, and their loyalty to political parties or candidates.</em></p><p class="TableParagraph"><em>The research results show that money politics has a significant influence on voting behavior, where voters who receive incentives tend to choose candidates or parties that provide these incentives. However, this influence is often temporary and does not guarantee long-term loyalty. Voter loyalty to candidates who provide incentives is also influenced by economic motivations, and voter loyalty tends to weaken due to the practice of money politics, causing them to more easily change their support in the next election if there is a more profitable offer.</em></p><p class="TableParagraph"><em>To reduce the negative impact of money politics, this research recommends increasing political education, stricter law enforcement, and strengthening electoral institutions. A holistic approach involving the government, electoral institutions, civil society organizations and the wider community is needed to overcome this problem and strengthen democracy in Indonesia. This research provides in-depth insight into the phenomenon of money politics and offers recommendations for improving the quality of elections in Indonesia.</em></p><p class="TableParagraph"><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong></p><p class="TableParagraph"><em>money politics, voting behavior, voter compliance, voter loyalty,</em></p>

Presidential Threshold in The 2024 Presidential Elections: Implications for The Benefits of Democracy In Indonesia

Elections are one of the Indonesian people's efforts to elect the best leaders as well as the embodiment of a democratic country. The Presidential Threshold (PT) that applies in the 2024 presidential election (Pilpres) is one of the things that has become a polemic in society. This can be seen in several judicial review processes by the public and groups requesting the abolition of the threshold. With normative research and conceptual and legislative approaches relating to elections in general and presidential elections in particular, this research questions its benefits. The benefit in question is the benefit that returns to the community in particular and the government system that is formed. Through literature study and qualitative analysis, the results showed that the existence of PT contradicts the wrongful benefits and ḍarūrī in the nation's life and democracy. This means the people are limited in choosing presidential and vice-presidential candidates who truly suit their wishes. The nation's best sons and daughters are limited in their rights to nominate themselves as leaders because of the PT. Furthermore, the ruling party has a tremendous opportunity to control the presidential system, both at the legislative and executive levels, and this is undoubtedly contrary to the benefit itself.

Analisis Sentimen Twitter Terpilihnya Prabowo - Gibran Menggunakan Metode Neural Network

One of the most important elections in Indonesian democracy is the presidential election, which chooses the country's leader for the next five years. In the 2024 presidential election, there are three candidates for president and vice president, including the Prabowo Subianto - Gibran Rakabuming Raka pair. The election process has taken centre stage on social media, particularly Twitter, where people interact, share information, and express their opinions and feelings. This study aims to look at public opinion towards the Prabowo-Gibran team, which has attracted a lot of attention since Gibran was nominated as a vice presidential candidate until he was declared the winner in the 2024 presidential election by the KPU. This analysis provides valuable insight into understanding public opinion and feelings towards the president and vice president-elect. The method used in this research is neural network (NN), which is proven to be effective in text data classification and capable of producing high accuracy. The dataset used is public opinion on Twitter, which is taken through the data crawling process. The initial data of 1511 tweets was then cleaned and prepared into a dataset of 1500 tweets, with the main attribute being the content of the tweet. Based on the findings, the neural network model created was able to classify the sentiment of tweets related to the Prabowo-Gibran pair with an accuracy rate of 93%. Thus, this sentiment analysis makes an important contribution to understanding the public's response to the presidential election process and the election of a new president and vice president

Analisis Kritis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 90/PUU-XXI/2023 Terhadap Keberlangsungan Demokrasi dan Generasi Muda Indonesia

General elections are an important foothold in the contemporary democratic system. Elections are a tangible form of procedural democracy, although democracy is not the same as elections, but elections are one of the most important aspects of democracy that must also be held democratically. Material test of Article 169 letter q of Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections against Article 28D of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia to the Constitutional Court. Identification of the problem, namely how to consider the legal pros and cons of the Constitutional Court's decision Number 90/PUU-XXI/2023 and what are the implications of the Constitutional Court's decision on the development of Indonesian democracy. The purpose of the study is to answer the problem identification, namely to find out the legal considerations of the pros and cons of the Constitutional Court's decision Number 90/PUU-XXI/2023 and to find out the implications of the Constitutional Court's decision on the development of Indonesian democracy. The research method used is a normative juridical research method and the nature of this research is descriptive and qualitative. Article 28D paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution states that "Every citizen has the right to equal opportunities in government". This must be in line with the theory of distributive justice. The Constitutional Court's decision violates Sapta Karsa Hutama, the Principle of Propriety, the Principle of Non-Partiality, the Principle of Independence, the Principle of Integrity and Courtesy. However, the decision remains valid because the nature of the Constitutional Court's decision is final and binding. As a conclusion in this study, the Constitutional Court Decision is considered in accordance with the principle of distributive justice by adding experience in office as a condition so that it can produce leaders who are more prepared and competent in facing government challenges.

Political Discourse of Indonesian Raya Daily Newspaper in Indonesian Political Public Space 1955-1957

This research aims to examine the democratization process carried out by Indonesia Raya Newspaper through the political discourse raised and its role as a political public space in 1955-1957. The research method used is the historical method, which consists of 5 stages, namely topic selection, heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. This research is supported by the theoretical framework of political public space to examine the role of Indonesia Raya Newspaper in raising political discourse and its function as a political public space. The results of this study show that (1) Indonesia Raya Newspaper practices personal journalism in its journalistic work so that the characteristics of the political discourse contained in its news are in line with the characteristics of its leader, Mochtar Lubis. (2) The role of Indonesia Raya Newspaper as a political public space is carried out by loading political discourse containing criticism of the government and politicians related to the social, political, and economic life of the community, which is published in the political section of Tajuk Rencana. (3) The process of forming political discourse is carried out using the investigative journalism method so that relevant topics are obtained. Topics found, such as indications of fraud in the 1955 elections and the controversy over the implementation of the KAA, were raised to become political discourses that affected the dynamics of Indonesian national politics at that time. Indonesia Raya Newspaper was able to play a role in Indonesia's democratization process by raising political discourse and providing political public space.

Analisis Sistem Pemilu Proporsional Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Representasi Politik Perempuan di Indonesia

This research highlights the importance of women's representation in the legislature as an indicator of the quality of democracy in Indonesia. Although regulations set a minimum quota of 30% women's representation, the realization is still low with a projection of only 22.1% of women elected in the 2024 DPR. The open proportional electoral system provides opportunities but also presents challenges, such as money politics and patriarchal culture. Internal factors such as lack of confidence and double burden, as well as external factors such as political violence and lack of support from parties, hinder women in politics. To increase this representation, strategies such as gender mainstreaming in political communication, effective affirmative action, and inclusive political education are needed. These efforts aim to create a more inclusive and gender-equal parliament, supporting women's role in public policy-making.

Aspek Pengaturan Keamanan Nasional dalam Kerangka Demokrasi

National security serves to realise and defend the entire territory of the Republic of Indonesia. The implementation of comprehensive national security is an integral part of various aspects of the life of the nation and state, namely ideology, politics, economy, socio-culture, defence and state security. Efforts to support national development as a state goal require the regulation and management of state security. Its current arrangements continue to face challenges with concerns that its implementation violates human rights by causing a setback to democracy. This paper explores how the regulation of national security within the framework of democracy in Indonesia. The method used is narrative qualitative research with a normative legal approach. Literature study is conducted to find the meaning of the regulation of national security aspects within the framework of democracy. The source of data is through the search for relevant literature to be analysed. The findings in this paper are that Indonesia already has four important capitals that can support the regulation of national security in law while still taking into account the principles of democracy and human rights. These are the constitutional basis in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, especially on human rights; the regulation of laws relating to management and institutions in national security; institutional arrangements where there is no institutional domination or every institution is equal; and the mainstreaming of the principles of human rights and democracy in government policy-making. Current conditions and future projections of the national security situation demand national security institutional arrangements by integrating Indonesia's deterrent forces to anticipate and deal with national security disturbances. Regulations in the form of laws allow the public to participate in the formulation of the material to be regulated in accordance with the formal requirements for the formation of laws, including transparency, participation and accountability.

Analisis Batasan Usia Capres: Antara Demokrasi, Meritokrasi, Dan Dinamika Politik Indonesia

The debate on the age limit for presidential and vice-presidential candidates is an important issue in the context of Indonesian democracy. Democracy emphasizes the principles of equality and participation, while meritocracy emphasizes competence and experience. Currently, the minimum age limit for presidential candidates in Indonesia is 35 years old. Debates have arisen over the relevance of this age in the current political context, with arguments in favor of the role of younger generations bringing innovation versus the need for experience and wisdom. This study aims to re-evaluate the age limit for presidential candidates in Indonesia from historical, constitutional and international comparative perspectives, and examine its impact on political dynamics and leadership quality. The research methodology involves literature analysis and recent case studies. The results are expected to contribute significantly to the discussion on the age limit for presidential candidates and its implications for democracy and meritocracy in Indonesia.

Pandangan Masyarakat terhadap Demokrasi Pemilu di Indonesia dengan Berlandaskan Pancasila dan UUD 1945

This article aims to find out the public's views on electoral democracy in Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach, through the literature review method. The main source of research data is research articles that are relevant to the focus of this article's problem and published through the google scholar website in the last 10 years. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the analysis show that democracy includes social, economic, and cultural conditions that require free political liberation and provide an opportunity for the emergence of opinions of respect for the existence of people for participation in the life of the state, and to be respected by the community. Each country has its own characteristics in exercising public power or democracy. This is because the history of a country describes the culture, way of life, and desires to be achieved. The state has an obligation and authority to organize a democratic process based on the law and the basic principles of democracy. It is important to restore democratic life based on laws based on Pancasila values

Islam dan Civil Society: Studi Pemikiran Azyumardi Azra dalam Membangun Gerakan Kultural di Indonesia

The tap for democracy in Indonesia only opened quite wide when government leadership shifted from Soeharto to Gus Dur. This marks the emergence of a cultural movement by a group of people in various regions. This research aims to find answers to how the civil society movement model is relevant in the Indonesian context and the power of civil society to realize political decency. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytic based on literature review of various existing literature (library research). From the research carried out, it was found that the term civil society in Islam is equivalent to civil society. Civil society refers to the historical and socio-political context established by the Prophet Muhammad SAW and his followers in Medina. Azra sees civil society as a civil society that is independent, democratic, religious, civilized and upholds human values. In the Indonesian context, civil society is an alternative solution to social problems through empowering and strengthening the control power of civil society so that it is able to realize and uphold democratic life and uphold human rights.

The Stringent Support Requirements for Independent Candidates in Regional Elections: A Legal Self-Critique of Indonesian Democracy

Local Election is considered not to reflect democracy, there are still obstacles in the form of a large percentage of support requirements that make it difficult for independent candidates. Responding to these problems, this study aims to explain the large percentage of support requirements that are burdensome for independent candidates and the importance of independent candidates in the local election. The research method used is literature study with a legal philosophy approach. The data are literature literacy materials related to the research theme. The results showed that the percentage of support for independent candidates in the local election was considered too large. So that it hinders and makes independent candidates unable to become candidates in the elections. This kills the life of democracy that is being built by Indonesia. Whereas the existence of independent candidates is important as a counterweight and a new color giver in the political saturation of the old ways that do not produce quality leaders. It is necessary to change the percentage of support for independent candidates so as not to hinder democracy.

Analysis of the implementation of education democracy in Indonesia (regulations, models, problems, and future prospects)

The study reported on here was intended to reveal the existence and direction of education democracy in Indonesia with regard to the regulations, the implementation models, problems, and future prospects. The data were obtained from various written materials of official government policy records, namely, laws, ministerial regulations, curriculum implementation guidebooks, discourses and policy criticisms on the implementation of education democracy in Indonesia published in mass media, articles and research journals. The data were analysed using philosophical-dialogical analysis. The findings indicate that in terms of practice, the regulations related to education democracy in the form of education autonomy still could not be implemented properly because of several constraints such as a lack of teachers’ professionalism, poor and less effective management of education and learning systems which are not in line with the administrative prerequisites and principles and spirit of education autonomy. Moreover, through its policies, the government still controlled education nationally resulting in autonomy that should provide maximum freedom to the community to manage education is being eroded, which limits the autonomy of education.

Identity Politics Violations in Indonesian Elections

Identity politics violations are a frequent phenomenon in elections in Indonesia, where ethnic, religious, ethnic, gender, or other social group identities are manipulated or exploited for political gain. The purpose of this study is to identify, analyze, and understand more deeply about identity politics violations in elections, as well as their implications for democracy and Indonesian society as a whole. The analysis will be based on the theory of identity politics, multiculturalism, and political participation. The results of the analysis show that political elites and candidates for regional heads tend to use or maintain identity politics for political interests and strengthen power hegemony. As a result, the use of religious issues as political tools in the 2019 Presidential Election is a source of tension and a potential threat to the country's social and political stability. With a deeper understanding of this phenomenon, this research is expected to provide valuable insights for political stakeholders, electoral institutions, and society at large to develop prevention and countermeasures against identity politics violation and strengthen the foundation of an inclusive and equitable democracy in Indonesia.