Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Network Research Articles

Reliable Energy-Aware Routing Protocol in Delay-Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

In the data transmission process of delay-tolerant mobile sensor networks, data is easily lost, and the network lifetime decreases due to energy depletion by the nodes. We propose a reliable energy-aware routing protocol, called RER. To ensure the reliability of message transmission, a hop-by-hop retransmission acknowledgement mechanism is introduced in the RER. Second, we design a metric called Reliable Energy Cost Based on Distance (RECBD) to aid RER, which is determined by analysing the distance between the current node and the relay node, the distance between the relay node and the sink node, the current residual energy of the current node, and the link quality. Finally, the message is routed based on the RECBD to improve reliability and reduce energy consumption. The simulation results show that the routing protocol can improve the energy utilization of the sensor nodes and prolong the network lifetime while guaranteeing the delivery ratio and reliability.

Fuzzy Logic Based Distance and Energy-Aware Routing Protocol in Delay-Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

In challenged networks such as Wireless Sensor Networks, limitations such as nodes mobility, short radio range and sparse network density can prevent communications among nodes. Consequently, it can result in long delays in exchanging messages among nodes. Designing Delay-Tolerant Networks is considered to be an approach for dealing with lengthy breakdown of communication between nodes. Using multi-replica methods seems rational for these networks. However, a majority of these methods inject a large amount of replications of a message in the network so as to enhance message delivery probability which consequently leads to the loss of energy and reduction of network efficiency. Two major issues should be considered to achieve data delivery in such challenging networking environments: a routing strategy for the network and a buffer management policy. This study proposes a new routing protocol called Fuzzy-Logic based Distance and Energy Aware Routing protocol (FLDEAR) in delay tolerant mobile sensor network. A FLDEAR is a distance and energy aware protocol that reduces the number of message replications and uses two fuzzy inference systems in routing and buffer management. The results of conducted simulations indicated that this routing algorithm can be used for enhancing data packet delivery ratios and reducing data transmission overhead than several current Delay-Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks routing protocols.

A joint data transmission and queue management for emergency application in delay-tolerant mobile sensor networks

A joint data transmission and queue management is proposed for emergency application in delay-tolerant mobile sensor networks (DT-MSNs). Based on AHP method, data queue can be prioritised in an organised way via structuring hierarchy, comparing weight metrics and then making decision. With the joint transfers of control and initiate data it can achieve fast response to emergency and deal with the urgent case timely. Evaluation results show that the proposal outperforms the conventional schemes with more effective data management and lower transmission delay for urgent data.

A joint data transmission and queue management for emergency application in delay-tolerant mobile sensor networks

A joint data transmission and queue management is proposed for emergency application in delay-tolerant mobile sensor networks DT-MSNs. Based on AHP method, data queue can be prioritised in an organised way via structuring hierarchy, comparing weight metrics and then making decision. With the joint transfers of control and initiate data it can achieve fast response to emergency and deal with the urgent case timely. Evaluation results show that the proposal outperforms the conventional schemes with more effective data management and lower transmission delay for urgent data.

Landmark-Centric Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks in Mobile Delay Tolerant Environments

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have wide applications in many fields sharing common grounds as their major technical challenges. This paper focuses on a high-level information association issue and designs an efficient routing protocol accordingly for delay tolerant mobile sensor networks (DTMSNs). In this paper, after making an analysis about the effect of social network theory on forwarding scheme and node mobility, we exploit landmark, a new social-aware metric indicating the geographical location corresponding to a node interest or a node community. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work in which landmark is utilized to assist message forwarding in DTMSNs. Additionally, we propose the landmark-centric routing protocol utilizing the metric to accurately predict node mobility geographically. We can take full advantage of node mobility in our protocol while preserving the positive effects of existing social-aware metrics on protocol performance. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol achieves the highest packet delivery ratio outperforming SocialCast and doubling SGBR with more than 50% delivery cost reducing.

Reliable Transmission Protocol based on Network Coding in Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Network

According to the random mobility and intermittent connectivity problems in delay tolerant mobile sensor network, the reliable transmission mechanism based on network coding is proposed in this paper. Mainly aiming at the mobility and network coding technique of sensor node in DTMSN, comprehensively considering various factors affecting the quality of service guarantee in DTMSN, the data packet is mapped to network with the cluster as units, and the optimal transmission scheme is determined according to the bit error rate and the relay forwarding node selected by opportunistic. The simulation experiment results demonstrate that compared with the direct transmission and flooding algorithm, the proposed reliable transmission mechanism has better performance in terms of bit error rate, real-time and energy efficiency

Data Delivery for Heterogeneous Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks Based on Forwarding Probability

Data Delivery for Heterogeneous Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks Based on Forwarding Probability

Medium Access Control Based on Adaptive Sleeping and Probabilistic Routing for Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

The paper proposes a medium access control (MAC) scheme with coordinated and adaptive wakeup scheme designed for delay tolerant mobile sensor networks (DTMSNs). Many applications motivate MAC schemes for DTMSNs that are different from traditional wireless MAC such as IEEE 802.15.4 in several ways: energy conservation and average delay. MAC with coordinated and adaptive wakeup scheme protocol uses a few novel techniques to reduce energy consumption and message overhead rates. It can reduce significantly control overhead and adaptively wake up, and it avoids overhearing unnecessary traffic. Finally, in this paper, simulation applies message passing to reduce contention latency for applications that require in-network data processing. Simulation results show that MAC with Adaptive Sleeping and based on Probabilistic Routing protocol (MAC-ASPR) obtains significant energy savings compared with IEEE 802.15.4 and S-MAC.

Efficient identity-based signature scheme with batch authentication for delay tolerant mobile sensor network

Identity-based cryptography (IBC) has drawn a lot of attentions in delay tolerant environment. However, the high computational cost of IBC becomes the most critical issue in delay tolerant mobile sensor network (DTMSN) because of the limited processing power. In this paper, an efficient identify-based signature scheme with batch authentication (ISBA) is proposed for DTMSN. ISBA designs an online/offline signature with batch authentication to reduce the computational cost, and improves data delivery mechanism to increase the number of messages for each batch authentication. Simulation results show that ISBA not only realizes a lower computational cost than existed schemes, but also does not induce negative impact on the delivery performance.

A dynamic cross-layer data queue management approach based on priority for delay-tolerant mobile sensor networks

This paper presents a Dynamic Cross-layer Data Queue Management approach (DC-DQM) based on priority to address the priority deviation problem in Delay-Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks (DT-MSNs). Receiver-driven data delivery scheme is used for fast response to data transfers, and a priority based interaction model is adopted to identify the data priority. Three interactive parameters are introduced to prioritize and dynamically manage data queue. The experimental results show that it can ameliorate data delivery ratio and achieve good performance in terms of average delay.

Group Mobility Adaptive Event Delivery Scheme for Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

This paper proposes an efficient event delivery algorithm called distributed group mobility adaptive event delivery(GMED) for delay tolerant mobile sensor networks(DTMSN).GMED is designed to establish a group-based event delivery model by effectively finding and utilizing the groups generated by moving sensor nodes which then lead an improved performance: On one hand,Inter-Group delivery will be achieved by multi-replica delivery based on its delivery probability to the sink.On the other hand,Intra-Group delivery will be performed by single-replica delivery through established transmission paths because each node have stable neighbor sets inside group.Meanwhile,delivery prioritizing will be based on event priority in the queue.Furthermore,a redundant replica control mechanism is also introduced to optimize replica management and network overload.Simulation results have shown that GMED not only achieves a relatively long network lifetime,but also has a higher message delivery ratio at lower transmission overhead and delay than other DTMSN data delivering approaches.

A Real-Life Mobility Patterns Based Routing Protocol in Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Network

Most existing routing protocols for delay tolerant mobile sensor network(DTMSN) based on simplistic random mobility models. However, the real-life mobility pattern is complicated. We propose a real-life mobility patterns based routing protocol in DTMSN, The simulation results show that RMPR achieves higher delivery ratio and lower delay and transmission overhead

Relative Distance Based Routing for Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Network

Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Network (DTMSN) is the network for pervasive information gathering. Traditional static routing approaches may not fit for DTMSN due to its intermittent connectivity. This paper proposes an relative distance based routing (RDBR) strategy for DTMSN, in which nodes delivery probabilities are calculated and updated according to the latest relative distance from themselves to the sink node, and data are delivered according to nodes’ delivery probabilities. RDBR also introduces a redundant copies controlling technique based on the message priority. Simulation results show that RDBR achieves a well tradeoff between the data delivery ratio/delay and the delivery overhead.

A Distance-Aware Replica Adaptive Data Gathering Protocol for Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

In Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks (DTMSNs) that have the inherent features of intermitted connectivity and frequently changing network topology it is reasonable to utilize multi-replica schemes to improve the data gathering performance. However, most existing multi-replica approaches inject a large amount of message copies into the network to increase the probability of message delivery, which may drain each mobile node’s limited battery supply faster and result in too much contention for the restricted resources of the DTMSN, so a proper data gathering scheme needs a trade off between the number of replica messages and network performance. In this paper, we propose a new data gathering protocol called DRADG (for Distance-aware Replica Adaptive Data Gathering protocol), which economizes network resource consumption through making use of a self-adapting algorithm to cut down the number of redundant replicas of messages, and achieves a good network performance by leveraging the delivery probabilities of the mobile sensors as main routing metrics. Simulation results have shown that the proposed DRADG protocol achieves comparable or higher message delivery ratios at the cost of the much lower transmission overhead than several current DTMSN data gathering schemes.

An Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol Using Dynamic Queue Management for Delay-Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

Conventional MAC protocols for wireless sensor network perform poorly when faced with a delay-tolerant mobile network environment. Characterized by a highly dynamic and sparse topology, poor network connectivity as well as data delay-tolerance, delay-tolerant mobile sensor networks exacerbate the severe power constraints and memory limitations of nodes. This paper proposes an energy-efficient MAC protocol using dynamic queue management (EQ-MAC) for power saving and data queue management. Via data transfers initiated by the target sink and the use of a dynamic queue management strategy based on priority, EQ-MAC effectively avoids untargeted transfers, increases the chance of successful data transmission, and makes useful data reach the target terminal in a timely manner. Experimental results show that EQ-MAC has high energy efficiency in comparison with a conventional MAC protocol. It also achieves a 46% decrease in packet drop probability, 79% increase in system throughput, and 25% decrease in mean packet delay.

An Agenda-Based Routing Protocol in Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

Routing in delay tolerant mobile sensor networks (DTMSNs) is challenging due to the networks’ intermittent connectivity. Most existing routing protocols for DTMSNs use simplistic random mobility models for algorithm design and performance evaluation. In the real world, however, due to the unique characteristics of human mobility, currently existing random mobility models may not work well in environments where mobile sensor units are carried (such as DTMSNs). Taking a person’s social activities into consideration, in this paper, we seek to improve DTMSN routing in terms of social structure and propose an agenda based routing protocol (ARP). In ARP, humans are classified based on their agendas and data transmission is made according to sensor nodes’ transmission rankings. The effectiveness of ARP is demonstrated through comprehensive simulation studies.

Minimum Expected Delay-Based Routing Protocol (MEDR) for Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

It is a challenging work to develop efficient routing protocols for Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks (DTMSNs), which have several unique characteristics such as sensor mobility, intermittent connectivity, energy limit, and delay tolerability. In this paper, we propose a new routing protocol called Minimum Expected Delay-based Routing (MEDR) tailored for DTMSNs. MEDR achieves a good routing performance by finding and using the connected paths formed dynamically by mobile sensors. In MEDR, each sensor maintains two important parameters: Minimum Expected Delay (MED) and its expiration time. According to MED, messages will be delivered to the sensor that has at least a connected path with their hosting nodes, and has the shortest expected delay to communication directly with the sink node. Because of the changing network topology, the path is fragile and volatile, so we use the expiration time of MED to indicate the valid time of the path, and avoid wrong transmissions. Simulation results show that the proposed MEDR achieves a higher message delivery ratio with lower transmission overhead and data delivery delay than other DTMSN routing approaches.

Relative Distance-Aware Data Delivery Scheme for Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 延迟容忍传感器网络基于相对距离的数据传输 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.60703114, 60673154, 60903158 (国家自然科学基金); the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No.2006CB303000 (国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)); the National High-Tech Research and Development Plan of China under Grant No.2007AA01Z443 (国家高技术研究发展计划(863)); the Young Teacher Foundation of UESTC under Grant Nos.L08010601JX0746, L08010601JX0747 (电子科技大学校青年基金) Relative Distance-Aware Data Delivery Scheme for Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:延迟容忍移动无线传感器网络(delay tolerant mobile sensor network,简称DTMSN)用于广泛数据收集.与传统的传感器网络不同,DTMSN 具有节点移动性、间歇连通性并且能够容忍适当的延迟,因此传统传感器网络的数据收集算法不能适用.提出了一种基于相对距离感知的动态数据传输策略RDAD(relative distance-aware data delivery scheme).RDAD采用传感器节点到汇聚点(sink node)的相对距离来计算节点传输概率的大小,并以此作为消 Abstract:The delay tolerant mobile sensor network (DTMSN) is a type of sensor network used for pervasive information gathering. DTMSN distinguishes itself from conventional sensor networks by several unique characteristics such as sensor mobility, loose connectivity, and delay tolerability. Therefore, traditional data gathering methods cannot be applied. In this paper, a novel data gathering method named relative distance-aware data delivery scheme (RDAD) is proposed. RDAD introduces a simple non-GPS method with small overhead to gain the relative distance from a node to sink and then to calculate the node delivery probability which gives a guidance to message transmission. RDAD also employs the message survival time and message maximal replication to decide message’s transmission and dropping for minimizing transmission overhead. Simulation results have shown that the proposed RDAD data delivery scheme does not only achieve a relatively long network lifetime but also get the higher message delivery ratio with lower transmission overhead and data delivery delay than other DTMSN data delivering approaches. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Selective Replication-Based Data Delivery for Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

This paper proposes a data gathering method?SRAD (selective replication-based adaptive data delivery scheme). The main idea of SRAD is to replicate messages selectively to nodes that have higher probability to meet the sink. SRAD consists of two key components: data transmission and queue management. The former makes decisions on when and where to transmit data messages according to the node delivery probability in random waypoint mobility model. The latter based on the message survival time to decide message’s transmission and dropping to minimize the transmission overhead. Simulation results show that the proposed SRAD data delivery scheme cannot only have a relatively longer network lifetime but also a higher message delivery ratio with the lower transmission overhead and less data delivery delay than other DTMSN (delay tolerant mobile sensor networks) data delivering approaches.

A survey on analytic studies of Delay‐Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks

AbstractThis paper presents a survey of analytic studies on the Delay‐Tolerant Mobile Sensor Network (DTMSN). We first give an overview of the analytic study on DTMSN, by identifying several key design components, that is, nodal mobility model, data delivery scheme, and queue management scheme. Then, several representative analytic models of DTMSN are exemplified and discussed in detail, with thorough comparison presented and possible open research issues enumerated. We expect that this paper will provide a deep understanding of the characteristics of DTMSN, and at the same time reveal the key design issues in its modeling and performance analysis, leading to useful insights for future theoretic study and protocol design. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.