Dehydrogenation Performance Research Articles

Propane dehydrogenation over core–shell structured Al2O3@Al via hydrothermal oxidation synthesis

A novel dehydrogenation catalyst, core–shell structured Al2O3@Al via hydrothermal oxidation synthesis, demonstrates good catalytic performance for propane dehydrogenation. According to the characterization results, the hydration of metallic Al powder results in the appearance of nanosheet-like AlOOH and Al(OH)3 species on the surface, which are regarded as the precursor of the active sites responsible for propane dehydrogenation. Compared with traditional γ-Al2O3 sample, the novel Al2O3@Al catalyst with more coordinatively unsaturated Al3+ leads to enhanced formation rate of propene and shortened induction period, which can be attributed to the high density of corner and edge sites on the surface of lamella-like AlOOH and/or Al(OH)3 species. More importantly, a significantly increased selectivity to propene can also be achieved, especially by introducing Na.

Designing Pt-based subsurface alloy catalysts for the dehydrogenation of perhydro-dibenzyltoluene: A first-principles study

Designing effective dehydrogenation catalysts for liquid organic hydrogen carriers is essential to the release and transport of hydrogen. The hydrogen release of perhydro-dibenzyltoluene using Pt-based subsurface alloys (Pt/M/Pt(111), where M = Pd, Cu, or Ni) and the effect of the applied biaxial strain on dehydrogenation performance of Pt/M/Pt(111) were systematically investigated. The doping of M atoms onto Pt/M/Pt(111) and strained Pt/M/Pt(111) could effectively tune the electronic properties of the Pt atoms, thus eventually affecting the hydrogen adsorption strength. The rate-determining step (RDS) of the dehydrogenation process on surfaces of Pt(111), Pt/M/Pt(111), strained Pt(111), and strained Pt/M/Pt(111) was identical: the first step of dehydrogenation in the middle ring of perhydro-dibenzyltoluene. The doping of the M atoms and application of tensile strain promoted dehydrogenation. Furthermore, it was revealed that d-band centers and reaction energies of the RDS correlated with the hydrogen adsorption energy, suggesting that hydrogen adsorption strength is a practical descriptor of dehydrogenation activity.

Co-Addition of Mg2Si and Graphene for Synergistically Improving the Hydrogen Storage Properties of Mg-Li Alloy.

Mg−Li alloy possesses a high hydrogen capacity. However, the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation performances are still far from practical application. In this work, Mg2Si (MS) and graphene (G) were employed together to synergistically improve the hydrogen storage properties of Mg−Li alloy. The structures of the samples were studied by XRD and SEM methods. The hydrogen storage performances of the samples were studied by nonisothermal and isothermal hydrogenation and dehydrogenation, thermal analysis, respectively. It is shown that the onset dehydrogenation temperature of Mg−Li alloy was synergistically reduced from 360°C to 310°C after co-addition of Mg2Si and graphene. At a constant temperature of 325°C, the Mg−Li−MS−G composite can release 2.7 wt.% of hydrogen within 2 h, while only 0.2 wt.% of hydrogen is released for the undoped Mg−Li alloy. The hydrogenation activation energy of the Mg−Li−MS−G composite was calculated to be 86.5 kJ mol−1. Microstructure and hydrogen storage properties studies show that graphene can act as a grinding aid during the ball milling process, which leads to a smaller particle size for the composites. This work demonstrates that coaddition of Mg2Si and graphene can synergistically improve the hydrogen storage properties of Mg−Si alloy and offers an insight into the role of graphene in the Mg−Li−MS−G composite.

Enhanced catalytic performance of isobutane direct dehydrogenation over Pt-In catalysts: Effect of different fluorides modified hydrotalcite-like derivatives

A series of MgF2-modified hydrotalcite-like (HT) derivatives supported Pt-In catalysts PtInHTR-X (X = NH4F, NaF and KF, R = reduced catalyst) were prepared by combination of hydrothermal method, alkali-etching and impregnation strategy and applied to direct dehydrogenation of isobutane to isobutene. The catalysts and precursors were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, TG, O2-TPO and low temperature N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The formation of MgF2 phase as dopant to modify the catalyst can influence the pore structure and even the surface acid properties of catalysts. Especially, compared with the three catalysts, PtInHTR-KF catalyst had better stability of isobutene selectivity of over 95% after 9 h reaction, and PtInHTR-NH4F and PtInHTR-NaF catalysts exhibited more stable isobutane activity of 60%. One of the reasons for this catalytic performance is that small particles of MgF2 and unsaturated MgF2 can provide weak acidic sites which can inhibit coke deposition. And it was found the improved catalytic performance was also related to the appropriate In3+/In0 ratio, well-dispersed Pt species and the excellent anti-sintering ability of catalysts modified MgF2.

Sodium-free synthesis of mesoporous zeolite to support Pt-Y alloy nanoparticles exhibiting high catalytic performance in propane dehydrogenation

Mesoporous zeolite-supported Pt3Y catalyst deactivates slowly in propane dehydrogenation, maintaining high propane conversion and propylene selectivity, but the formation of the intermetallic compound requires atomistic migration of yttrium through silanol nests on the zeolite. Compared to the cumbersome generation of silanols via framework demetallation, we report a direct synthesis of mesoporous MFI zeolite possessing silanol nests. The synthesis procedure employed a diammonium-type bromide surfactant [C18H37N(CH3)2C6H12N(CH3)2C4H9Br2] and a sodium-free silica source. The basicity of the synthesis mixture was adjusted by the addition of readily available N(CH3)4OH, instead of converting the surfactant to hydroxyl form. The presence of silanol nests in the resultant zeolite was confirmed by IR and NMR spectroscopies. When the zeolite was supported with 0.50 wt% Pt and 0.50 wt% Y using nitrate precursors, a remarkably long catalytic lifetime of 20 days was obtained with high propane conversion and propylene selectivity under the reaction condition using neat propane gas at 853 K.

Understanding the Unique Antioxidation Property of Boron-Based Catalysts during Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Alkanes.

Boron-based catalysts show excellent performance in oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of light alkanes to alkenes with high selectivity and extremely good antioxidation properties. However, the anti-deep-oxidation mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we chose h-BN and B2O3 as representative boron-based catalysts to investigate their reactions with two important intermediates in the light alkane ODH, Et· (evolving to ethene) and EtO· (evolving to ethene or COx), to elucidate the origin of the antioxidation of alkanes. The density functional theory calculations reveal that surface boron sites could eliminate alkoxy in their vicinity, resulting in exceptional inhibition of alkane deep-oxidation. The analysis of the electronic and geometric structures of key stationary points showed that the oxophilicity of B determined the low deep-oxidation of alkanes, and the homoleptic coordination of B with all three ligating atoms being O moderately enhanced its oxophilicity. This work represents a novel conceptual advance in the mechanistic understanding of alkane ODH.

Improvement of Mg‐Based Hydrogen Storage Materials by Metal Catalysts: Review and Summary

AbstractMagnesium hydride (MgH2) has become a very promising hydrogen storage material because of its high hydrogen storage capacity, good reversibility and low cost. However, high thermodynamic stability and slow kinetic performance of MgH2 limit its practical application. In the past few decades, many alternative methods have been designed to solve this problem. A large number of studies have demonstrated that the use of metal catalyst doping modification, MgH2 nanocrystallization and other methods can greatly improve the hydrogen absorption and dehydrogenation performance of MgH2. Therefore, this paper reviews and summarizes the modification effect of transition metal catalyst doping on the hydrogen storage performance of MgH2, especially the catalysis on the de/rehydrogenation performance of MgH2. In addition, promoting effects of carbon materials, transition metal alloys and compounds on the hydrogen storage performance of MgH2 were also summarized. Finally, the existing problems and challenges of MgH2 as hydrogen storage materials are discussed, and some possible strategies are proposed.

Tuning the dehydrogenation performance of dibenzyl toluene as liquid organic hydrogen carriers

Strategies to decrease the dehydrogenation enthalpy (ΔHd) of dibenzyl toluene (DBT) were examined by density functional theory (DFT) modeling. The stronger electron-donating substituent showed higher hydrogen-releasing properties. The sequences of the dehydrogenation process of perhydro-dibenzyl toluene (18H-DBT) and perhydro-lithium 3,5-dibenzyl phenolate (18H-DBT-OLi), which is the compound of modified DBT with the highest potential, were the same. The energy required to release hydrogen from 18H-DBT-OLi (11.514 kcal/mol) was smaller than that from 18H-DBT (12.574 kcal/mol). In the hydrogen-releasing process, the rate-determining steps for the dehydrogenation of 18H-DBT and 18H-DBT-OLi were the 12H-DBT → 10H-DBT + H2 and 12H-DBT-OLi → 10H-DBT-OLi + H2 steps, respectively. Furthermore, the charge distribution of 18H-DBT and 18H-DBT-OLi was also explored.

In situ growth of hierarchical SAPO-34 loaded with Pt for evolution hydrogen production from hydrolysis of AB

Hierarchical SAPO-34 assembled from nanosheets was synthesized via in situ growth at low temperature, and then was served as support to prepare Pt-based catalyst for promoting the dehydrogenation performance of ammonia borane. The prepared Pt/SAPO-34 catalysts were characterized by XRD, ICP, SEM, TEM, XPS, HAADF-STEM, N2 adsorption-desorption and NH3-TPD. Contrary to traditional microporous Pt/SAPO-34-M catalyst, hierarchical Pt/SAPO-34-H catalysts possessed larger surface area to strengthen metal dispersion, which further improved catalytic activity and reusability. At the same time, the increase in SiO2/Al2O3 ratios of Pt/SAPO-34-H under the same metal loading was beneficial for enhancing the catalytic activity. Pt/SAPO-34-H-0.6 with SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 0.6 showed outstanding catalytic performance and high turnover frequency (TOF) value (131 molH2(molPt·min)−1) at 30 °C on account of the synergistic effect of Brønsted acidic sites and Pt metal dispersion.

Tuning the alloy degree for Pd-M/Al2O3 (M=Co/ Ni /Cu) bimetallic catalysts to enhance the activity and selectivity of dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole dehydrogenation

Hydrogen is a promising candidate to substitute the fossil fuels. However, the efficient hydrogen storage technologies restrict the commercial applications. Developing new catalysts with high activity and selectivity is important for the dehydrogenation reaction in N-ethylcarbazole/dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (NECZ/12H-NECZ) hydrogen storage system. In this work, a series of Pd-M/Al2O3 (M = Co, Ni and Cu) bimetallic catalysts are synthesized successfully and show good performance in the dehydrogenation reaction of 12H-NECZ than the commercial Pd/Al2O3 catalyst. The Pd1Co1/Al2O3 catalyst (Practical Pd content = 2.4136 wt%) showed the highest catalytic performance with 95.34% H2 release amount, TOF of 230.5 min−1 and 85.4% selectivity of NECZ. Combined with the characterization analysis, it can be proposed that the dehydrogenation performance of 12H-NECZ is dependent on the alloy phases, reasonable electronic structures and nanoparticle size of catalysts. The fine-tuned alloy degree and appropriate nanoparticle size of Pd1Co1/Al2O3 bring the 17.7% increase of H2 release amount and 99.5% increase of NECZ selectivity than those of Pd/Al2O3. For the bimetallic catalysts, the enhancement of selectivity of NECZ is mainly from the increase of the kinetic constant of rate-limiting step.

Synergistic Effect Between Ca4V4O14 and Vanadium‐Substituted Hydroxyapatite in the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane

AbstractThe present work reports on a new type of V‐based catalysts, namely V‐substituted hydroxyapatites, and the influence of the synthesis conditions on their catalytic performance in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODHP) reaction. Vx‐substituted hydroxyapatite materials prepared with the periodic addition of ammonia during the maturation step (Vx‐HAp‐pH‐per) were shown to exhibit a Ca4V4O14 phase in addition to the V‐substituted hydroxyapatite phase for x greater than or equal to 3.5. TEM characterization of the biphasic samples allowed us to demonstrate that the Ca4V4O14 phase was grown epitaxially on the Vx‐HAp nanorods. The close intimacy between the two phases was confirmed by NMR suggesting the involvement of V4+ species. Consistently EPR data of the fresh and spent samples showed that V4+ species may be stabilized at the boundaries of these two phases. The strong promotion of the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction to propene observed from 723 K for the V4‐HAp‐pH‐per composition is attributed to a synergistic effect between the Vx‐HAp nanorods that enable the activation of propane and the Ca4V4O14 phase that helps the redox exchanges. This synergy may be attributed to an easier electron delocalization on the V4O14 units located at the phases’ boundaries.

Excellent catalytic activity of two-dimensional Ti2C and Ti2CT2 (T = O, F, OH) monolayers on hydrogen storage of MgH2: First-principles calculations

Two-dimensional Ti2C MXene has been recognized as an effective additive to improve the dehydrogenation of light metal hydride. Here, an MgH2 molecule adsorption on 2D Ti2C and Ti2CT2 monolayers were theoretically studied. Adsorption energy, the charge transfer and the electronic density of states were investigated via first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). We found that adopting bare Ti2C and functionalized Ti2CT2 to adsorb MgH2 molecule is not a good strategy. The charge transfer and DOS results revealed that bare Ti2C monolayer can enhance the dehydrogenation of MgH2 more effectively than functionalized Ti2CT2. Moreover, we have explored the catalytic mechanism of 2D Ti2C MXene on MgH2 using ab initio molecular dynamic (ab-init MD) simulations of MgH2/Ti2C heterostructure interface. It is found that the formation of TiH2 in Ti2C/MgH2 interface serves as a catalyst during the dehydrogenation of MgH2. Based on the analyses of electronic structure and the results of ab-init MD dynamic simulations, we found that the catalytic effects of 2D Ti2C MXene on MgH2 are presented in two aspects: as the electron e− transfer carrier and in-situ formed catalyst TiH2, they work together to enhance the dehydrogenation performance of MgH2.

Dynamics and Site Isolation: Keys to High Propane Dehydrogenation Performance of Silica-Supported PtGa Nanoparticles.

Nonoxidative dehydrogenation of light alkanes has seen a renewed interest in recent years. While PtGa systems appear among the most efficient catalyst for this reaction and are now implemented in production plants, the origin of the high catalytic performance in terms of activity, selectivity, and stability in PtGa-based catalysts is largely unknown. Here we use molecular modeling at the DFT level on three different models: (i) periodic surfaces, (ii) clusters using static calculations, and (iii) realistic size silica-supported nanoparticles (1 nm) using molecular dynamics and metadynamics. The combination of the models with experimental data (XAS, TEM) allowed the refinement of the structure of silica-supported PtGa nanoparticles synthesized via surface organometallic chemistry and provided a structure–activity relationship at the molecular level. Using this approach, the key interaction between Pt and Ga was evidenced and analyzed: the presence of Ga increases (i) the interaction between the oxide surface and the nanoparticles, which reduces sintering, (ii) the Pt site isolation, and (iii) the mobility of surface atoms which promotes the high activity, selectivity, and stability of this catalyst. Considering the complete system for modeling that includes the silica support as well as the dynamics of the PtGa nanoparticle is essential to understand the catalytic performances.

Architecture control and electronic structure engineering over Ni-based nitride nanocomposite for boosting ammonia borane dehydrogenation

Exploring cost-effective yet high-performance catalysts for dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB) is highly desirable for hydrogen economy. Transition metal nitrides (TMNs) have received huge attention in various energy storage/conversion systems, yet utilization for AB dehydrogenation is rarely studied. Herein we propose a green approach to Co doped Ni nitride nanoparticles anchored on reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (rGO/CoNi-N) from a bimetal-organic complex. The resultant rGO/CoNi-N presents outstanding catalytic AB dehydrogenation performance with a turnover frequency (TOF) value of 126.0 min−1 and an activation energy (Ea) of 32.8 kJ mol−1, rivalling state-of-the-art catalysts. Based on experimental and theoretical investigations, remarkable performance of rGO/CoNi-N can be attributed to full exposure of active sites and favorable mass transfer. Significantly, Co species incorporation in Ni-N can modulate electronic state with upshift of the d-band center, leading to promoted H2O adsorption and reduced energy barrier of the rate-determining step (H2O dissociation), thereby substantially boosting AB hydrolysis.

Improvement of substituting La with Ce on hydrogen storage thermodynamics and kinetics of Mg-based alloys

The rare earth elements are believed to catalyze the reversible reaction between magnesium and hydrogen and reduce the thermal stability of MgH2 by weakening the Mg–H bond. This study focuses on investigating the effect of Ce partial substitution of La on the comprehensive hydrogen storage performances of La10-xCexMg80Ni10 (x = 0–4) alloys (prepared by vacuum induction melting). The phase composition and microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The thermodynamics and kinetics of isothermal reactions were measured by the automatic Sievert apparatus. Non-isothermal dehydrogenation performance of the alloys was researched by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). All the experimental alloys have a large capacity of hydrogen absorption and desorption and the kinetics of the Ce containing alloys is better. The additive Ce exists in the solid solution of alloy and results in the refinement of grain, making the stability of the hydride visibly lower, which is the reason for the decline in the initial dehydrogenation temperature and enthalpy (ΔH) of the hydride. Besides, the dehydrogenation activation energy of the alloys is distinctly reduced by composition adjustment, which indicates the improved hydrogen storage performances.

Strong Metal-Support Interaction for 2D Materials: Application in Noble Metal/TiB2 Heterointerfaces and their Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Formic Acid Dehydrogenation.

Strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) is a phenomenon commonly observed on heterogeneous catalysts. Here, direct evidence of SMSI between noble metal and 2D TiB2 supports is reported. The temperature-induced TiB2 overlayers encapsulate the metal nanoparticles, resulting in core-shell nanostructures that are sintering-resistant with metal loadings as high as 12.0 wt%. The TiOx -terminated TiB2 surfaces are the active sites catalyzing the dehydrogenation of formic acid at room temperature. In contrast to the trade-off between stability and activity in conventional SMSI, TiB2 -based SMSI promotes catalytic activity and stability simultaneously. By optimizing the thickness and coverage of the overlayer, the Pt/TiB2 catalyst displays an outstanding hydrogen productivity of 13.8mmol g-1 cat h-1 in 10.0 m aqueous solution without any additive or pH adjustment, with >99.9%selectivity toward CO2 and H2 . Theoretical studies suggest that the TiB2 overlayers are stabilized on different transition metals through an interplay between covalent and electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, the computationally determined trends in metal-TiB2 interactions are fully consistent with the experimental observations regarding the extent of SMSI on different transition metals. The present research introduces a new means to create thermally stable and catalytically active metal/support interfaces for scalable chemical and energy applications.

Unraveling Structural Details in Ga-Pd SCALMS Systems Using Correlative Nano-CT, 360° Electron Tomography and Analytical TEM

We present a comprehensive structural and analytical characterization of the highly promising supported catalytically active liquid metal solutions (SCALMS) system. This novel catalyst shows excellent performance for alkane dehydrogenation, especially in terms of resistance to coking. SCALMS consists of a porous support containing catalytically active low-melting alloy particles (e.g., Ga-Pd) featuring a complex structure, which are liquid at reaction temperature. High-resolution 3D characterization at various length scales is required to reveal the complex pore morphology and catalytically active sites’ location. Nano X-ray computed tomography (nano-CT) in combination with electron tomography (ET) enables nondestructive and scale-bridging 3D materials research. We developed and applied a correlative approach using nano-CT, 360°-ET and analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to decipher the morphology, distribution and chemical composition of the Ga-Pd droplets of the SCALMS system over several length scales. Utilizing ET-based segmentations of nano-CT reconstructions, we are able to reliably reveal the homogenous porous support network with embedded Ga-Pd droplets featuring a nonhomogenous elemental distribution of Ga and Pd. In contrast, large Ga-Pd droplets with a high Ga/Pd ratio are located on the surface of SCALMS primary particles, whereas the droplet size and the Ga/Pd ratio decreases while advancing into the porous volume. Our studies reveal new findings about the complex structure of SCALMS which are required to understand its superior catalytic performance. Furthermore, advancements in lab-based nano-CT imaging are presented by extending the field of view (FOV) of a single experiment via a multiple region-of-interest (ROI) stitching approach.

A comparison study of hydrogen storage performances of as-cast La10-xRExMg80Ni10 (x = 0 or 3; RE = Sm or Ce) alloys

Nano-rare earth hydrides generated in situ were believed to catalyze the reversible reaction of magnesium-based alloys and hydrogen. In this paper, La in La2Mg16Ni2 was partially substituted by Ce or Sm. The related impacts of element substitution by Sm or Ce on the structure and hydrogen storage properties of the La10-xRExMg80Ni10 (x = 0 or 3; RE = Sm or Ce) alloys were investigated in detail. XRD, SEM and TEM were used to characterize the microstructure of the alloys. The thermodynamics and kinetics of hydrogen storage reaction at specific temperatures were measured by an automatic Sievert apparatus. The non-isothermal dehydrogenation performance of the alloys was investigated by thermogravimetry (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at different heating rates. It is revealed that the major phase of alloys is La2Mg17 and the secondary phases are Mg2Ni and La2Ni3, respectively. There is no new phase appearing with the addition of Ce or Sm as the elements Ce and Sm exist in the solid solution of the alloy. The addition of Ce or Sm makes the grain of the as-cast alloy obviously refined. The related reaction kinetics is ameliorated obviously by the method of replacing La with Ce or Sm. Moreover, the operation makes the stability of the hydride visibly declined and reduces the initial temperature of dehydrogenation and the hydrogenation reaction enthalpy (ΔH). Furthermore, the operation results in the dehydrogenation activation energy of the alloys distinctly reduced. A comparison of the total results reveals that the favorable impact dedicated by the operation of substitution with Ce to the comprehensive properties of hydrogen storage alloys is more significant than the Sm substitution.

CoOx-supported RhCu alloy nano-materials as a highly efficient catalyst for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane

Hydrolytic dehydrogenation of Ammonia-borane (NH3BH3, abbreviation AB) has attracted much attention due to its high hydrogen content and stability. Therefore, the design and construction of low cost and high performance catalysts for AB hydrolysis are of great significance. In this work, a series of RhCu/CoOx alloy catalysts were prepared by a in-situ reduction method. The catalytic activity of hydrolytic dehydrogenation of AB was optimized by regulating the molar ratio of Rh to Cu in the RhCu/CoOx catalysts. The results verify that Rh1Cu2/CoOx has the best catalytic activity for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of AB, and the corresponding hydrolysis reaction type was first order. The turnover frequency (TOF) reached 670.95 molH2molcat−1 min−1, and the apparent activation energy (Ea) was 28.86 kJ mol−1, showing excellent catalytic performance for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of AB.

Pt-Sn clusters anchored at Al3+penta sites as a sinter-resistant and regenerable catalyst for propane dehydrogenation

Pt-based catalysts are widely used in propane dehydrogenation reaction for the production of propylene. Suppressing irreversible deactivation caused by the sintering of Pt particles under harsh conditions and regeneration process is a significant challenge in this catalyst. Herein, a series of highly ordered mesoporous Al2O3 supports with different levels of Al3+penta sites, are fabricated and used as the support to disperse Pt-Sn2 clusters. Characterizations of Pt-Sn2/meso-Al2O3 with XRD, NMR, CO-IR, STEM, TG, and Raman techniques along with propane dehydrogenation-regeneration cycles test reveal the structure-stability-regenerability relationship. The coordinatively unsaturated pentacoordinate Al3+ (Al3+penta) can strongly anchor Pt atoms via a formation of Al-O-Pt bond, and thus stabilize the Pt-based particles at the surface of Al2O3. The stability and regenerability of Pt-Sn2/meso-Al2O3 are strongly dependent on the content of Al3+penta sites in the Al2O3 structure, and a high level of Al3+penta sites can effectively prevent the agglomeration of Pt-Sn2 clusters into large Pt nanoparticles in the consecutive dehydrogenation-regeneration cycles. The Pt-Sn2/meso-Al2O3-600 with the highest level of Al3+penta (50.8%) delivers the best performance in propane dehydrogenation, which exhibits propane conversion of 40% and propylene selectivity above 98% at 570 °C with 10 vol% C3H8 and 10 vol% H2 feed. A slow deactivation in this catalyst is ascribed to the formation of coke, and the catalytic performance can be fully restored in the consecutive dehydrogenation-regeneration cycles via a simple calcination treatment.