Degree Of Cooperation Research Articles

Feasibility of MAGIC pure tone screening in children aged 3 to 6 years

Objective:To explore the feasibility of the multiple-choice auditory graphical interactive check（MAGIC） screening module in childhood hearing screening in children aged 3 to 6 years. Methods:A hearing screening was conducted on 366 children（732 ears） aged between 3 and 6 years. The screening methods included MAGIC, DPOAE, and acoustic immittance.The cooperation, screening time, pass rate, and correlation of the three screening methods were compared. Results:There was a statistically significant difference in the degree of cooperation among the three screeningmethods（P=0.004）.The MAGIC pure tone screening method was 98.6%, the screening DPOAE was 99.5%,and the acoustic immittance screening was 100%. For the screening duration, the MAGIC pure tone screening method was（116.3±59.1）s, the screening DPOAE was（27.2±19.7）s, and the acoustic impedance screening was（24.6±14.6）s. There was a significant statistical significance differences among the three or two groups（P<0.01）. The passing rates of MAGIC pure tone screening,screening DPOAE and acoustic immittance screening were 64.7%, 65.4%, and 69.3%, respectively, and there was no significant statistical difference among the three or two groups（P>0.05）. There was no significant difference between MAGIC pure tone screening method and screening DPOAE（P=0.827>0.05）, and acoustic impedance（P=0.653>0.05）, while the difference between screening DPOAE and acoustic impedance was statistically significant（P<0.01）. Conclusion:MAGIC pure sound screening method has good feasibility, can comprehensively reflect the hearing level of screened children, and can be promoted for hearing screening in children aged between 3 and 6 years.

Structured-Visual Model for Dental Examination in Autism Spectrum Disorder Children: Cooperation and Compliance.

Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may experience challenges in social interaction, communication, and sensory processing, which might influence their cooperative behavior during dental visits. To address this issue, visual pedagogy is commonly employed as a behavioral technique to facilitate successful dental examinations and treatments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a structured-visual behavioral approach in promoting compliance and cooperation during dental examinations in children with ASD in the Yogyakarta Special Region Province, Indonesia. A structured visual study was performed at the Muhammadiyah University Dental Hospital during the 2021-2022 period. The study included 5 intervention visits at 1-week intervals and consisted of the Success Approach, Tell-Show-Feel-Do, Visual Pedagogy, Audiovisual Modeling, In vivo Modelling, Behavioral Trial, and Auto modeling. A total of 37 ASD children who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The study employed a quasi-experimental design comprising 1 pre-test and 3 post-tests. The efficacy assessment encompassed 2 key dimensions: firstly, the ability to comply with the stages of the dental examination, and secondly, the degree of cooperation was evaluated using the Frankl Behavior Scale (FBS). The findings showed that 64% of the cohort could achieve the highest score in achieving the highest score stage of dental examination in post-test 1. As for cooperation, 75% achieved a score of 4 (FBS) in post-test 1. Changes in the achievement of examination steps and cooperativeness after completing the intervention showed statistically significant changes with the Wilcoxon test (P < .01). The structured-visual behavioral model approach was found to be effective in improving compliance and cooperation during dental examination in children with ASD in Yogyakarta Special Region Province, Indonesia. These findings highlight the important point that the use of a structured-visual model in daily practice can be beneficial for children with ASD.

Improving Transmission in Integrated Unmanned Aerial Vehicle–Intelligent Connected Vehicle Networks with Selfish Nodes Using Opportunistic Approaches

The integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into vehicular networks offers numerous advantages in enhancing communication and coverage performance. With the ability to move flexibly in three-dimensional space, UAVs can effectively bridge the communication gap between intelligent connected vehicles (ICVs) and infrastructure. However, the rapid movement of UAVs and ICVs poses significant challenges to the stability and reliability of communication links. Motivated by these challenges, integrated UAV–ICV networks can be viewed as vehicular delay-tolerant networks (VDTNs), where data delivery is accomplished through the “store-carry-forward” transmission mechanism. Since VDTNs exhibit social attributes, this paper first investigates the opportunistic transmission problem in the presence of selfish nodes. Then, by enabling node cooperation, this paper proposes an opportunistic transmission scheme for integrated UAV–ICV networks. To address the issue of node selfishness in practical scenarios, the proposed scheme classifies the degree of cooperation and analyzes the encounter probability between nodes. Based on this, information is initially flooded, and the UAV is selected for data distribution by jointly considering the node centrality, energy consumption, and cache size. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the delivery ratio and reduce the average delivery delay compared to state-of-the-art schemes.

Implementation and sustainability of best practice guidelines: a tale of three hospitals.

This study explores factors that affect the sustainable implementation of best practice guidelines (BPGs) and provides a basis for developing corresponding action strategies to promote project sustainability. Using the NHS (National Health Service) questionnaire scoring system, surveys were conducted among nurses who implemented BPGs in three hospitals in China. Data were analyzed using statistical analysis. We adhered to the STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional studies. The average total score was 85.18/100, while the average scores of the process dimension, staff dimension, and organization dimension were 25.85, 45.88, and 13.45, respectively. The average score of the three dimensions was 83.12%, 87.56%, and 81.52%, respectively. This means that the three dimensions of the NHS SM had high scores and the implemented BPGs had a high likelihood of being sustained. The sustainable implementation of guidelines involves three factors: project characteristics, staff dimensions, and organizational environment. Important factors that influence project sustainability include the clinical value of the project, a supportive environment provided by human resources and project infrastructure, and the degree of cooperation between interprofessional teams. http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A305.

Teaching The Tempest, from Sixth Form to Seminar: A Study in Collaborative Pedagogy

ABSTRACT This article outlines how teaching strategies developed at Key Stage 5 can be built on in Higher Education. Focussing on act one, scene two of The Tempest, a play that is taught in both 16–19 curricula and university syllabi, we posit that collaboration between teachers and academics across successive stages of education can extend the capacity for critical reflection and close reading. Situated in the context of the current recruitment crisis in English Literature, we ultimately argue that a heightened degree of pedagogical co-operation can strengthen student experience, aid with transition, and reinforce the structural integrity of the subject.

Analysis of Glauconite Research Trends Based on CiteSpace Knowledge Graph

This paper aims to explore the current status and development trend of glauconite research through CiteSpace (version 6.2.R3) software tools. Based on the literature records from 1980 to 2024 in the Web of Science Core Collection database, this study visualizes the countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, literature, and keywords related to glauconite. The results show that the United States, Russia, India, France, and England are the main contributing countries to glauconite research, the Russian Academy of Sciences is the institution with the largest number of publications, and Santanu Banerjee and Gilles S. Odin are the most influential authors. The field of glauconite has a high degree of international cooperation and multidisciplinary cross-disciplinary nature. The research hotspots of glauconite are also identified, including origin, basin, sediments, geochemistry, sandstone, and climate, and emerging research frontiers such as fertilizer, removal, provenance, composition characteristics, and Fe are pointed out. Glauconite research is not only of great significance in the field of geology, but its application potential in environmental management and agricultural development is also gradually being recognized, indicating that this field has broad research and application prospects in the future.

Effect of comprehensive management combined with cognitive intervention on patient cooperation and complications during digestive endoscopy

BACKGROUND As lifestyles continue to change worldwide, the incidence of digestive tract carcinoma has gradually increased. Digestive endoscopy is an important tool that can assist in the diagnosis, treatment, and surgical intervention for this disease. However, the examination process is affected by many factors, and patient cooperation is often poor, which can increase the risk of complications. AIM To explore the effects of integrated management and cognitive intervention on cooperation and complications in patients undergoing endoscopy for early gastrointestinal neoplasms. METHODS A total of 354 patients with early stage gastrointestinal cancer who underwent digestive endoscopy procedures between January and December 2023 at our hospital were divided into observation and control groups (177 patients in each group) in a randomized controlled blind trial. The control group received routine interventions, while the observation group received comprehensive integrated management combined with cognitive interventions. We compared the changes in adverse mood, discomfort, examination time, cooperation with the examination, and complications before and after the intervention between the two groups. RESULTS The self-rated anxiety and depression scale scores were lower in the observation group than in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). The visual analog scale scores for discomfort during intubation and examination were also lower in the observation group than in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the examination time was shorter in the observation group than in the control group (P &lt; 0.05), and the degree of cooperation (94.35%) was higher in the observation group than in the control group (84.75%; P &lt; 0.05). Lastly, the incidence rates of gastrointestinal adverse reactions (10.17% vs 20.34%), choking agitation (14.69% vs 24.86%), abdominal pain (8.47% vs 18.08%), and muscle tension (5.08% vs 14.12%) were all lower in the observation group than in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). CONCLUSION Integrated management and cognitive intervention in early gastrointestinal neoplasm endoscopy alleviate mood, reduce discomfort, shorten examinations, improve cooperation, and reduce complications.

Current Situation and Trend of the Research on the Consciousness of Community of the Chinese Nation: A Bibliometric Analysis Based on CSSCI Core Journals

To firmly build the sense of community of the Chinese nation is the main line of all work carried out in ethnic areas in the new era, and is an important ideological project of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. This paper selected 1967 CSSCI papers on the consciousness of community of the Chinese nation in Cast-in-place from 2017 to 2024 as the research data, and used CiteSpace 6.3.R1 software to make statistics on the number of publications, author analysis, keyword co-occurrence analysis, keyword cluster analysis, keyword emergence analysis, and distribution analysis of publishing institutions and funds. Draw a visual visual map to show the research status and trend of the Chinese nation&amp;#39;s community consciousness. The analysis results show that: the national policy has a strong guidance for building the Chinese nation&amp;#39;s sense of community; Ethnic areas and ethnic colleges and universities have great influence on the research of the consciousness of the Chinese nation community. The research on the consciousness of the Chinese nation community involves a wide range of disciplines. The degree of researcher cooperation is low; In the current research, &amp;quot;times value&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;common prosperity&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;cultural self-confidence&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;moral cultivation&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;symbols&amp;quot; have been extensively studied, which is the hot content of the current consciousness of the Chinese national community.

Advertising Strategy and the Coefficient of Cooperation

The purpose of this paper is to show how the degree of firm cooperation affects advertising strategy. A duopoly model is developed that has two distinctive features. First, firms decide whether to compete in constructive or combative advertising as well as the amount of advertising expenditures. Second, the Cyert and DeGroot “coefficient of cooperation” is used to index the degree of firm cooperation. This coefficient allows for the full spectrum of possibilities from cooperation (cartel) to competition. The model produces novel results. When firms are symmetric, sufficient cooperation (competition) causes firms to compete in constructive (combative) advertising, with greater cooperation inducing more ad spending. When firms are asymmetric, firms may compete in different types of advertising: the more competitive firm chooses combative advertising, and the more cooperative firm chooses constructive advertising.

A Constructivist Perspective on Inter-Korean Relations: The Evolution of Identity and Interstate Interactions

The issue of the confrontational relationship between the two countries on the Korean Peninsula has been widely discussed worldwide, but there are still shortcomings in research on the Cold War period. Based on the current situation, this article utilizes constructivist theory, represented by Alexander Wendt’s viewpoint, to analyze the evolution of identity recognition and interaction between North and South Korea during the Cold War. Through analysis, the relationship between North and South Korea was at a freezing point at the end of the Korean War, and there were signs of easing in the following twenty years. The idea and concept of peaceful reunification were proposed, and after the end of the Cold War, the relationship took a big step forward, beginning cultural and economic exchanges and cooperation. Therefore, this article concludes that the relationship between North and South Korea gradually shifted from extreme confrontation to a certain degree of cooperation during the Cold War.

Primary teachers’ identity positioning in the process of pedagogical innovation / Identidad indagadora y posicionamiento del profesorado de educación primaria en un proceso de innovación pedagógica

Based on the Dialogical Self Theory (henceforth DST), positioning in a pedagogical innovation is defined as a subjective stance taken that has been experienced by the teacher themselves. Thirty Andalusian primary school teachers in seven focus groups reported on five positioning descriptors: agency, ownership, sense-making, emotions and collaborative inquiry. Data were analysed with qualitative and quantitative procedures. The results showed three types of positioning: (1) active, positive and satisfactory positioning ( n = 13), with high agency, ownership, sense-making, cooperation and positive emotions; (2) active, efficient and indifferent positioning ( n = 8), with medium agency, medium-high degree of ownership, high degree of sense-making, indifferent emotions and a high degree of cooperation; (3) passive, critical and negative positioning ( n = 9), with a low degree of agency, ownership, sense-making and cooperation and negative emotions. We provide relevant information to identify the positioning that emerges when primary school teachers participate in a pedagogical inquiry process.

Preparation and study of attapulgite reinforced PVA fiber with cross‐linking of boric acid

AbstractPolyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers were manufactured by gel spinning with reinforcing of attapulgite (ATT) and cross‐linking of boric acid (PVA/B/ATT fibers), in order to improve the mechanical properties. Furthermore, the final fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), powder x‐ray diffraction (XRD) and tensile strength tester. In addition, when ATT amount was no more than 2.0 wt%, FTIR analyses suggested that the degrees of cooperation combining of ATT and boric acid with PVA macromolecules were enhanced. SEM images indicated that PVA/B/ATT fibers had smooth surfaces. DSC, TGA and XRD results illustrated that the melting temperatures and maximum thermal decomposition temperatures first increased and then dropped as the content of ATT increased. Moreover, mechanical properties results indicated that the optimal ATT amount was 2.0 wt%, and the tensile strength of PVA/B/ATT‐2 fiber reached the highest of 14.2 ± 0.3 cN/dtex. It was largely because that the cooperation combining of boric acid and ATT with PVA molecules improved the mechanical properties of PVA/B/ATT fibers.

Does a Higher Ratio of Salary-Per-Contribution Impact Employees’ Work Efficiency?

This study analyzes the effect of the pay gap in salary-per-contribution on employee work efficiency, where salary-per-contribution is the ratio between an employee’s annual salary and his or her contribution to the organization. We find that the efficiency of employees with above-average salary-per-contribution decreases as the difference from the average increases. However, the efficiency of employees with below-average salary-per-contribution increases as the difference from the average increases. Furthermore, the degree of team cooperation mediates the relationship between the pay gap and work efficiency, which is more prominent among low-salary or non-starting players. These conclusions are generally consistent with comparisons of the effects of salary variations in organizations and by industry.

교직 만족도 및 교사 효능감에 영향을 미치는 요인 탐색: 세대 간 비교를 중심으로

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the factors affecting teacher satisfaction and efficacy of Generation X and millennial teachers. [Methods] To achieve this goal, the factors affecting teacher satisfaction and efficacy were analyzed using the Ordinary Least Square and Quantile regression for teacher data in the 6th year of the Gyeonggi Education Panel Study(GEPS) Elementary Panel. [Results] First, Factors affecting satisfaction in teaching jobs were found to be the degree of change in classes due to the expansion of open classes, satisfaction in current schools, participation in teaching improvement activities, and effect of training. In the case of millenials, the degree of change in classes due to the expansion of open classes, academic background, the leadership of school principals, and satisfaction in current schools. Second, the factors affecting teacher efficacy of the X-generation were the degree of class change due to the expansion of open classes, the degree of teacher cooperation, the current school climate, the degree of school satisfaction, the effect of training, community relationship, major education policy awareness, and in the case of millenials, gender, teaching career, teacher cooperation degree, principal leadership, participation in teaching improvement activities, and awareness of major education policies. [Conclusion] Through the analysis results, the teacher wage system, support for the principal's leadership, and the necessity of improving the senior teacher system were suggested

Male Cooperation is Culture-Specific: Evidence from Cross-Population Experiments

The aim of our experimental study was to investigate population differences in sex-specific cooperative tendencies between modern Russians (N = 192) and Buryats (N = 208). Cooperative predispositions were tested independently within each population, under conditions of same-sex dyadic (Prisoner's Dilemma) and group (iterated Public Goods Game) interactions between subjects who were strangers to each other. The experiments involved face-to-face interactions, but any intentional communication was prohibited. The results revealed considerable differences in cooperativeness between Russian and Buryat men: Russian men were more predisposed to cooperate in dyads, while Buryat men were better at maintaining high levels of cooperation in group interactions. Russian and Buryat women did not differ in their predispositions to cooperate either in dyads or groups, being more prone to defect than to cooperate. The differences in group cooperativeness between Russian and Buryat men were further replicated in a control study using data fr om a previous independent experiment. It was also revealed that Buryat men demonstrated an enhanced level of cooperation only in ethnically homogeneous groups. Our results indicate that a higher degree of cooperation in groups is not a universally male feature, but rather may reflect general cultural variation in orientation towards individualism and collectivism. We view this study as a stepping stone towards a more comprehensive cross-cultural research of the revealed phenomenon.

Research Trends and Hotspots in Food Bank: A Visualization Analysis Using CiteSpace

Using CiteSpace software and various statistical methods, this study analyzed 1000 pieces of literature from the Web of Science database spanning from 2012 to 2022. Through a visual econometric analysis of the existing research results, this study aimed to discern the research hotspots and development trends related to food banks. A visual map was constructed to highlight aspects, such as geographical distribution, author distribution, research fields, emerging words, and keyword clustering. The findings indicate that “food bank” is a burgeoning research direction within the realm of food loss and waste. Since 2012, there has been a consistent annual increase in the research output. Notably, there exists a collaborative dynamic among the authors, leading to the formation of a distinct core group. However, these collaborations tend to be localized, resulting in an overall low degree of cooperation. The prevailing research trends in this domain revolve around the challenges and synergies between food scarcity and food safety in food banks, strategies to ensure sustainable development of food banks, and methodologies to effectively evaluate their operational performance.

Cooperation objective evaluation in aviation: validation and comparison of two novel approaches in simulated environment.

In operational environments, human interaction and cooperation between individuals are critical to efficiency and safety. These states are influenced by individuals' cognitive and emotional states. Human factor research aims to objectively quantify these states to prevent human error and maintain constant performances, particularly in high-risk settings such as aviation, where human error and performance account for a significant portion of accidents. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate and validate two novel methods for assessing the degree of cooperation among professional pilots engaged in real-flight simulation tasks. In addition, the study aimed to assess the ability of the proposed metrics to differentiate between the expertise levels of operating crews based on their levels of cooperation. Eight crews were involved in the experiments, consisting of four crews of Unexperienced pilots and four crews of Experienced pilots. An expert trainer, simulating air traffic management communication on one side and acting as a subject matter expert on the other, provided external evaluations of the pilots' mental states during the simulation. The two novel approaches introduced in this study were formulated based on circular correlation and mutual information techniques. The findings demonstrated the possibility of quantifying cooperation levels among pilots during realistic flight simulations. In addition, cooperation time is found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) among Experienced pilots compared to Unexperienced ones. Furthermore, these preliminary results exhibited significant correlations (p < 0.05) with subjective and behavioral measures collected every 30 s during the task, confirming their reliability.

The effect of Previous Dental Treatments on Dental Anxiety in Children Aged 4-12

Objective: The patient’s cooperation is crucial for the success of dental treatment. In addition to previous treatments, various factors such as socio-economic status, age, gender, and oral hygiene can influence dental anxiety. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of previous dental treatment experiences on dental anxiety. Material and Method: Children aged 4-12 years who applied for dental treatment, along with their families, participated in the study. During their children’s dental treatment, families completed a survey form containing sociodemographic data and information about previous dental treatments. Before the procedure, children were shown five pictures from the Facial Image Scale and asked to choose the picture that best represented their current emotion. The degree of cooperation during the procedure was assessed using the Frankl Behavior Scale. The interaction of patients’ dental anxiety with various factors was analyzed. ANOVA post-hoc analysis and Tukey’s test were used for multiple comparisons of normally distributed variables among continuous variation variables. Kruskal-Wallis post-hoc analysis and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for variables that did not follow a normal distribution. Results: Dental anxiety was found to be higher in girls and younger age groups, although this difference was not statistically significant. According to the Frankl scale, children who attended routine dental check-ups and had previous dental treatment experiences had higher scores, regardless of whether the previous treatment was favorable or unfavorable. Based on the Facial Image Scale, it was observed that children with no previous dental treatment selected more positive faces, whereas children with negative dental treatment experiences selected more negative faces. Conclusion: Previous dental treatment experiences and routine check-ups significantly impact reducing dental anxiety by familiarizing the child with the clinical environment and the dentist, as well as by reducing the need for invasive dental procedures. Therefore, to eliminate the negative effects of dental anxiety, preventive dental treatments should be emphasized by bringing children to regular dental check-ups at an early age, thus minimizing the need for invasive dental treatments.

Risk-dominant Equilibrium in Chicken and Stag-hunt Games with Different Dilemma Strengths

Objective: This study investigates how the strength of risk-averting and gamble-intending dilemmas can affect the risk-dominant equilibrium in chicken and stag-hunt games. The focus is on deriving conditions under which the risk-dominant equilibrium can maximize group benefit. Methods: Basic concepts of game theory were used to determine the Nash equilibria of each game.The Harsanyi-Selten theory was applied to determine the risk-dominant equilibrium. By manipulating the parameters related to risk-averting and gamble-intending dilemmas, different game scenarios are sim-ulated to observe the resulting equilibria. Results: The study found that for a given strength of the risk-averting dilemma, the risk-dominant equilibrium in the chicken game continuously shifts towards mutual cooperation as the strength of the gamble-intending dilemma decreases. In the SH game, the degree of cooperation of the risk-dominant equilibrium for a given strength of the gamble-intending dilemma decreases with increasing strength of the risk-averting dilemma and takes the discrete values: 1, 0.5 and 0. The results show the importance of understanding individual risk preferences to predict strategic decisions and equilibrium outcomes in these game settings. Conclusion: The risk-dominant equilibrium in chicken and stag-hunt games depends on the relative strength of the risk-averting and gamble-intending dilemmas. By taking these factors into account, researchers and policy makers can better predict the likely outcomes of strategic interactions in scenarios with conflicting interests and different risk tolerances. The risk-dominant equilibrium can provide reasonable solutions to real-world conflict situations, such as the Iran-Iraq conflict over shared oil and gas resources.

High-elevation-induced decrease in soil pH weakens ecosystem multifunctionality by influencing soil microbiomes

Plant environmental stress response has become a global research hotspot, yet there is a lack of clear understanding regarding the mechanisms that maintain microbial diversity and their ecosystem services under environmental stress. In our research, we examined the effects of moderate elevation on the rhizosphere soil characteristics, microbial community composition, and ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) within agricultural systems. Our findings revealed a notable negative correlation between EMF and elevation, indicating a decline in multifunctionality at higher elevations. Additionally, our analysis across bacterial and protistan communities showed a general decrease in microbial richness with increasing elevation. Using random forest models, pH was identified as the key environmental stressor influencing microbial communities. Furthermore, we found that microbial community diversity is negatively correlated with stability by mediating complexity. Interestingly, while pH was found to affect the complexity within bacterial networks, it did not significantly impact the ecosystem stability along the elevation gradients. Using a Binary-State Speciation and Extinction (BiSSE) model to explore the evolutionary dynamics, we found that Generalists had higher speciation rates and lower extinction rates compared to specialists, resulting in a skewed distribution towards higher net diversification for generalists under increasing environmental stress. Moreover, structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis highlighted a negative correlation between environmental stress and community diversity, but showed a positive correlation between environmental stress and degree of cooperation & competition. These interactions under environmental stress indirectly increased community stability and decreased multifunctionality. Our comprehensive study offers valuable insights into the intricate relationship among environmental factors, microbial communities, and ecosystem functions, especially in the context of varying elevation gradients. These findings contribute significantly to our understanding of how environmental stressors affect microbial diversity and ecosystem services, providing a foundation for future ecological research and management strategies in similar contexts.