Degradation Of Waste Research Articles

Boosting one-step degradation of shrimp shell waste to produce chitin oligosaccharides at smart nanoscale enzyme reactor with liquid-solid system

Chitin oligosaccharides (CTOS) possess potential applications in food, medicine, and agriculture. However, lower mass transfer and catalytic efficiency are the main kinetic limitations for the production of CTOS from shrimp shell waste (SSW) and crystalline chitin. Chemical or physical methods are usually used for pretreatment to improve chitinase hydrolysis efficiency, but this is not eco-friendly and cost-effective. To address this challenge, a chitinase nanoreactor with the liquid-solid system (BcChiA1@ZIF-8) was manufactured to boost the one-step degradation of SSW and crystalline chitin. Compared with free enzyme, the catalytic efficiency of BcChiA1@ZIF-8 on colloidal chitin was significantly improved to 142 %. SSW and crystalline chitin can be directly degraded by BcChiA1@ZIF-8 without any pretreatments. The yield of N, N′-diacetylchitobiose [(GlcNAc)2] from SSW and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) from crystalline chitin was 2 times and 3.1 times than that of free enzyme, respectively. The reason was that BcChiA1@ZIF-8 with a liquid-solid system enlarged the interface area, increased the collision frequency between enzyme and substrate, and improved the large-substrates binding activity of chitinase. Moreover, the biphasic system exhibited excellent stability, and the design showed universal applicability. This strategy provided novel guidance for other polysaccharide biosynthesis and the conversion of environmental waste into carbohydrates.

Metathetic degradation of waste vulcanized emulsion type butadiene-based rubber

Metathetic degradation has been recognized as promising strategy for the treatment of waste vulcanized rubbers as a Waste-to-Resources approach, not only eliminating the pollution but also recycling as resources. However, it was mainly used for the treatment of the waste vulcanized natural rubber, which contains plentiful cis-1,4- structure. Despite of a much higher consumption of the emulsion type butadiene-based rubbers than natural rubber, there was no report on the metathetic degradation of the waste vulcanized emulsion type butadiene-based rubbers due to their less cis-1,4- unit, although the metathetic functionalization of the nonvulcanized emulsion type butadiene-based rubbers have been well reported. Here, the metathetic degradation of waste vulcanized emulsion type butadiene-based rubber was explored with nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) glove as a model. Different from the metathetic degradation of waste vulcanized natural rubber via only cross metathesis between cis-1,4-structure and the chain transfer agent (CTA), the ring closing metathesis between the adjacent cis-1,4-structure and 1,2-structure also occurred in the metathetic degradation of waste vulcanized NBR. It is expected to open the door for the Waste-to-Resources approach of all waste vulcanized emulsion type diene-based rubbers.

Lactic Acid Bacteria in Sustainable Food Production

The main tenets of the sustainable food production model are to reduce the adverse environmental impacts of production and to use available resources more efficiently. The sustainable food production model allows companies to adapt their strategies to current challenges and requirements while maintaining long-term production stability and competitiveness. To ensure that sustainable food chain participants implement appropriate practices, research is being conducted to develop new solutions. Among the important issues that are of great interest to researchers is the use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). These bacteria play a pivotal role in sustainable food production, encompassing environmental, economic, and social aspects. The following article highlights recent innovations and advancements in LAB applications, contributing to enhanced efficiency and sustainable development of food products. By fermenting food, LAB effectively enhances food safety, prolong shelf life, and augment nutritional values, while simultaneously eliminating or outcompeting foodborne pathogens, thus preventing food poisoning. This article underscores these often-overlooked aspects of LAB, such as the critical role of fermented food in sustaining humanity during challenging times, by providing essential nutrients, and supporting health through its unique preservative and probiotic properties. It also points out the lesser-known applications of these microorganisms, including the degradation of organic waste or biogas and bioplastics production.

Insights into the hydrolysis/alcoholysis/ammonolysis mechanisms of ethylene naphthalate dimer using density functional theory (DFT) method

Hydrolysis, alcoholysis and ammonolysis are viable routes for the efficient degradation and recycling of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) plastic waste. Various possible hydrolysis/alcoholysis/ammonolysis reaction pathways for the degradation mechanism of the ethylene naphthalate dimer were investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) B3P86/6–31++G(d,p). To determine the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, geometric structure optimization and frequency calculation were performed on a range of intermediates, transition states, and products associated with the reaction. The calculation results show that the highest energy barrier of the main element reaction step in hydrolysis is about 169.0 kJ/mol, the lowest is about 151.0 kJ/mol for ammonolysis, and the second is about 155.0 kJ/mol for alcoholysis. The main hydrolysis products of the ethylene naphthalate dimer are 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol; the main products of alcoholysis are dimethyl naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate and ethylene glycol, and the main products of ammonolysis are naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxamide and ethylene glycol. Furthermore, in the process of ethylene naphthalate dimer hydrolysis/alcoholysis/ammonolysis, the decomposition reaction in the NH3 atmosphere is better than that in methanol, and the reaction in CH3OH is better than that in the H2O molecular environment, and the increase in reaction temperature can increase its spontaneity. Our study presents the molecular mechanism of PEN hydrolysis/alcoholysis/ammonolysis and provides a reference for studying the degradation of other plastic wastes.

Characterization of NiOAg thin film applicated as photocatalyst for degradation of methylene blue dye waste in Yogyakarta textile factory

Thin films of NiOAg were grown onto glass substrates by radio frequency (RF) sputtering technique at 13.56 MHz RF with variation in oxygen pressure. The research was conducted on preparation and characterization of NiOAg thin films, applicated as a photocatalyst for the degradation of methylene blue. X-ray diffraction analysis showed stronger intensity (111) and (200) planes at peak 2θ of 37.66° and 43.23°. Energy dispersive x-ray analysis showed the following composition: Ni = 40.45%, Ag = 13.01%, and O = 46.53%. Based on UV–vis, it was found that the bandgap energy was 2.8, 3.1, and 3.2 eV for oxygen pressures of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 × 10−2 mbar, respectively. From the experiment on the degradation of methylene blue, which was taken from textile factory dye waste in Yogyakarta/Indonesia, the best value of degradation was obtained as 91.96%.

Traceless metathetic degradation of waste vulcanized natural rubber with styrene as chain transfer agent in closed system

The single-use personal protective equipment such as latex gloves causes severe pollution and resource waste. It is still a challenge to degrade waste vulcanized diene-based rubbers for chemical recycling. Here, the metathetic degradation of the waste vulcanized diene-based rubbers was investigated with latex gloves as an example with styrene and methyl acrylate (MA) as CTA in open or closed system, respectively. Traceless metathetic degradation was achieved with styrene in closed system, without any CTA residue in the degraded product, like ethenolysis. The traceless metathetic degradation mechanism was proposed as following: the self-metathesis of styrene was suppressed in closed system, the CTA residues in the end-capped products was eliminated by the cross-metathesis with the excessive styrene. Therefore, a mild “ethenolysis” was realized for the recycle of waste vulcanized natural rubbers in the production of new rubber products, regardless of CTA residues.

MFC Performance with Additional Micronutrients in Food Waste Substrate

Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) are the one of utilization of waste for renewable energy continues to be developed. According to the FAO, 32% of all food for human consumption is discarded about 1.3 billion tonnes per year. In this study, Microbial Fuel Cells used an organic source in the form of food waste that had been hydrolyzed by Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus aculeatus, and Candida rugosa. The results of the hydrolysis are entered into the MFC system. In the MFC system it is mixed with Sidoarjo mud and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, then put into a Single Chamber microbial fuel cell (SC-MFC) to generate electricity. In this research, also added micronutrients (Mg2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Ca2+, Pb2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Cr2+, and Zn2+) to increase the metabolic of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 bacteria, so can elevate electric currents. electrons and protons are produced by microorganisms by changing organic compounds in the substrate. The results showed that the best power density was 6.652 W/m2 with BOD 89.362% and COD removal 77.273% achieved with a ratio of food waste to water of 2:1 M. Food hydrolysis is capable of hydrolyzing 40% food waste into glucose within 24 hours. The greatest percentage of glucose decreased was achieved by Cobalt micronutrient addition with 77% of glucose decreased. Therefore, MFC can be greatly enhance food waste degradation to become a carbon source in a microbial fuel cell for electricity production.

Triazine-containing porous organic polymers from Diels-Alder reactions for efficient molecular adsorption and photocatalytic degradation

As a reversible and simple synthetic strategy, Diels-Alder (DA) reactions were recently exploited for the construction of porous organic polymers (POPs) with diverse structures and functions, which hold the promise to synthesize functional POPs in large scale. However, these methods typically need high polymerization temperature, and the structural diversity is limited for their practical applications. In this work, a series of DA-POPs were successfully synthesized via the Diels-Alder reactions of furan- and alkynyl-functionalized monomers. To reduce the activation energy of the reaction, we introduced 1,3,5-triazine moiety to alkynyl-functionalized monomers, which substantially lowered the polymerization temperature to 120 °C. Leveraging the reported photoelectric activity from triazine moiety, we applied these POPs materials to the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of the organic dye Rhodamine B, exhibiting remarkable adsorption and degradation ability. Photophysical tests further elucidated the degradation mechanism and corroborated the photocatalytic application potential of these DA-POPs. This work brings a new synthetic strategy for the elaboration of POPs for reducing environmental pollution via photocatalytic waste degradation.

Efficient biodegradation of feathers by a novel and stable metallo-keratinase production strain Stenotrophomonas sp. Yang-5 isolated from swan farming soil

Feather waste produced by livestock and poultry breeding industry is a kind of biomass resource with great application prospect. Current study aims to obtain a feather-degradation bacteria that could efficiently biodegrade feather waste and maintain environmental friendliness. By using the casein agar medium, a novel keratinase production strain Stenotrophomonas sp. Yang-5 was isolated and then identified by subsequent 16S rRNA sequence. Further keratinase production medium was optimized by single factor and orthogonal experiments. Also, crude keratinase was characterized. Consequently, the highest enzyme activity of 161.95 ± 3.65 U/mL was obtained after 48 h of incubation with optimized conditions consisting of reaction temperature 32.5 °C, initial pH 7.5, 0 g/L CaCl2, 50 g/L fructose, and 15 g/L feather. Yang-5 keratinase demonstrated a broad temperature range of 25 °C − 95 °C and optimal catalytic efficiency at pH 9.0. The keratinase had a half-life of more than 120 min at 70° C, indicating satisfactory thermal stability. Furthermore, 0.25 mol/L Mg2+, Mn2+, K+, and Ca2+ could enhance the enzyme activity to some extent and assigned as the metallo-class of keratinase, among of which Mn2+ resulted in the highest improvement by 2-fold activity enhancement. In addition, 5% (v/v) reducing agents including DMSO, DTT and 2-mercaptoethanol all reinforced the enzyme activity by 3–5 folds. To sum up, thermostable alkaline metallo-keratinase from Stenotrophomonas sp. Yang-5 exhibited favorable stability and could serve as a promising candidate for feather waste degradation as well as environmental protection and feed additive industry.

Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Changes in Degradation of Agri-residue under Pit Compositing

Management of crop residues has remained a major challenge due to lack of easily adaptable and affordable interventions at farmer’s field. Cellulolytic bacteria and fungi have been recommended for recycling lignocellulosic-rich organic matter and to convert it into nutrient rich compost. However, these inoculants need to be generated on commercial scale for handling large volume of biomass. Also, the microbial formulation should also be capable of degrading diverse type of agri-residues. Seven fungal strains, namely Aspergillus awamori (F-18), Aspergillus nidulans, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma longibrachitum, Drechslerahalodes, Eupenicilliumcrustaceumand Paecilomycesvariotiiwere characterized based on shelf life, functional activity to make consortium for degradation of various agro and horticultural residues using pit method of composting. An experiment was laid in cemented pits using four different substrates-maize cobs and stalks, paddy straw, kinnow fruit waste and flower waste for rapid degradation. The results revealed a maximum increase in spore count with Paecilomycesvariotii followed by Eupenicilliumcrustaceum and Drechslerahalodes. Out of four different additives, glycerol was found to be most suitable additive for incubation of selected fungi. The results on microbial population revealed highest bacterial population in flower waste and highest actinobacterial population in kinnow waste. It was also observed that inoculated organic waste degraded faster than un-inoculated wastes. As the degradation process progressed, total N also increased with time and varied from 1.1 to 1.5 percent. Flower and kinnow waste degradation was completed in 45 days while that of maize and paddy straw in 75 and 90 days, respectively. The pH range was 6.5-8.0 in all the substrates but in inoculated substrates, the range of pH was 7.2-7.6, while electrical conductivity (EC) was 1.4-3.6. The highest humus% was found with paddy straw followed by maize, flower and kinnow. The final product also showed variation in K% and S% which were found to be 0.6% -1.8% and 0.1% -0.20%, respectively.

EFFECT OF POLYSTYRENE PAPER STYROFOAM FEED ON SURVIVORSHIP AND GROWTH OF Tenebrio molitor L.

Polystyrene Paper Styrofoam (PSP) styrofoam waste is one of the plastic waste that is difficult to degrade. However, from the recently research reported that the PSP styrofoam can be degradated by Tenebrio molitor L. The degradation depends on composition of PSP styrofoam as a part of feeding. This research was aimed to get the composition of good feed to increase the degradation rate of the PSP styrofoam waste, but it still had a good effect on the survivorship and growth of T molitor L. larvae. This research was an experimental laboratory and designed using a control and seven treatments with 3 replications. The parameters observed were survivorship, growth in body length, biomass, and waste degradation rate. The data obtained was analysed using Anova and Duncan test. The results showed that differences in PSP styrofoam waste feed had a significant effect on survivorship (p=0.00), on the growth of body length (p=0.002) and biomass (p=0.00), and waste degradation rate (p=0.02). The research revealed that lower the composition of PSP styrofoam and higher the composition of concentrate combination effected on increasing the survivorship, growth, and waste degradation rate. The result shows that 1 kg T molitor L. larvae can degrade 0.25 kg of PSP styrofoam waste for 60 days. The finding can be used to solve the problem according to the styrofoam pollution.

Elucidating the role of monoacetylphlorogulcinol in the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas 'gingeri' against Agaricus bisporus.

Agaricus bisporus is a globally important edible fungus. The occurrence of ginger blotch caused by Pseudomonas 'gingeri' during A. bisporus growth and post-harvest stages results in significant economic losses. The biotoxin monoacetylphloroglucinol (MAPG) produced by P. 'gingeri' is responsible for inducing ginger blotch on A. bisporus. However, the understanding of the toxic mechanisms of MAPG on A. bisporus remains limited, which hinders the precise control of ginger blotch disease in A. bisporus and the breeding of disease-resistant varieties. Integrating transcriptomic, metabolomic, and physiological data revealed that MAPG led to an increase in intracellular superoxide anion (O2 -) levels and lipid peroxidation in A. bisporus. MAPG changed the cellular membrane composition of A. bisporus, causing to damage membrane permeability. MAPG inhibited the expression of genes associated with the 19s subunit of the proteasome, thereby impeding cellular waste degradation in A. bisporus. Unlike melanin, MAPG stimulated the synthesis of flavonoids in A. bisporus, which might explain the manifestation of ginger-colored symptoms rather than browning. Meanwhile, the glutathione metabolism pathway in A. bisporus played a pivotal role in counteracting the cytotoxic effects of MAPG. Additionally, enhanced catalase activity and up-regulation of defense-related genes, including cytochrome P450s, Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS), and ABC transporters, were observed. This study provides comprehensive insights into MAPG toxicity in A. bisporus and uncovers the detoxification strategies of A. bisporus against MAPG. The findings offer valuable evidence for precise control and breeding of resistant varieties against ginger blotch in A. bisporus. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Brookite TiO2 as an active photocatalyst for photoconversion of plastic wastes to acetic acid and simultaneous hydrogen production: Comparison with anatase and rutile

Photoreforming is a clean photocatalytic technology for simultaneous plastic waste degradation and hydrogen fuel production, but there are still limited active and stable catalysts for this process. This work introduces the brookite polymorph of TiO2 as an active photocatalyst for photoreforming with an activity higher than anatase and rutile polymorphs for both hydrogen production and plastic degradation. Commercial brookite successfully converts polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic to acetic acid under light. The high activity of brookite is attributed to good charge separation, slow decay and moderate electron trap energy, which lead to a higher generation of hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals and accordingly enhanced photo-oxidation of PET plastic. These results introduce brookite as a stable and active catalyst for the photoconversion of water contaminated with microplastics to value-added organic compounds and hydrogen.

Environmental degradation of ordinary plastic wastes: a review on present awareness and disposal prospects

Plastic waste has emerged as a major global environmental challenge, posing detrimental impacts on ecosystems and human health. This review critically analyzes the existing level of awareness about the adverse effects of plastic waste on the environment, encompassing issues such as land and marine pollution, micro-plastic contamination, and the disruption of ecological balance. The issue of plastic garbage accumulation has gained significant recognition in recent times as an effective environmental problem with global implications. It has been observed to affect various living forms, natural ecosystems, and the economy. Given the current threat, it is imperative to prioritize exploring alternative alternatives, such as biodegradation, as a substitute for conventional disposal methods. There is a shortage of information regarding the processes and efficacy of plastic biodegradation. The objective of this review is to examine the adverse environmental impacts resulting from the accumulation commonly used the materials polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyvinyl chlorides, polyethylene terse and polyol trash, which are examples of waste from plastics. Additionally, this review aims to assess the potential for degradation of these plastics through both abiotic and biotic processes. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on the capacity of several microbial species to degrade these polymers. The current study examines the involvement of invertebrates namely insects, in the process of plastic degradation, emphasizing the significant potential they possess in shaping future outcomes.

Modelling of reaction kinetics in production of hydroxy carboxylic acids by alkaline degradation of cellulosic waste

The reaction kinetics in alkaline degradation of cellulosic materials to monomeric compounds at elevated temperatures was studied. The target compounds are hydroxy carboxylic acids, preferably glucoisosaccharinic acid (GISA), that are valuable platform chemicals. This methodology, which focuses on depolymerizing cellulosic materials and transforming them into hydroxy carboxylic acids, has not been explored in existing literature. To this end, a rigorous mathematical model was developed that considers phenomena at macroscopic level (transformation of crystalline cellulose into amorphous) and at microscopic level (cleavage of glycosidic bonds). Experimental cellulose degradation data in 10 wt-% NaOH and 20–200 °C was correlated with the model. The agreement between the model results and the experimental data confirmed that the process obeys the proposed reaction pathway. Around 80 % of degradation occurs during the reactor warming up period. Analysis of rate constants indicates that GISA is not degraded into smaller hydroxy acids (SHA) at the temperatures studied. Instead, monosaccharides are converted into SHA as soon as they are produced. Conversion of crystalline cellulose into amorphous form was identified as the rate determining step.

Enhanced catalytic hydrogenolysis of natural rubber to natural gas over Ru/ZrO2 via phase control strategy

The inert CC and C-C bonds is a major limitation for the degradation and utilization of rubber wastes, which has resulted in the increasingly serious environmental crisis. Here we developed an efficient strategy to catalyze complete cleavage of CC and C-C bonds in natural rubber by the enhanced reaction activity of Ru-based catalysts with the modulated ZrO2 crystal phases. And 95.0% of gas carbon yield with 98.6 mol% of CH4 and 1.4 mol% of C2-C4 hydrocarbons was achieved over Ru/m-ZrO2, which was more than 3 times higher than gas carbon yield over Ru/c-ZrO2 and Ru/t-ZrO2. The investigation on reaction pathway displayed that the primary hydrogenation of CC bonds with high bond energy would promote the transformation of natural rubber. The Ru0 species and spill-over hydrogen in Ru/m-ZrO2 catalyst acted in synergy for the catalytic hydrogenolysis of natural rubber. Ultimately, various rubber wastes were directly converted to natural gas, it could provide a new perspective for the chemical upcycling of the accumulated rubber wastes.

Integration of WOx/1D C3N4/2D C3N4 multi-junction through in-situ “PTA-Mel” ionic microenvironment for efficient aromatic wastes degradation via charge carrier separation improvement

High photogenerated carrier recombination inhibits the widespread application of graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4). Construction of junctions is an effective strategy but still under challenges, such as tedious procedure and limited efficiency. Herein, WOx/1D g-C3N4/2D g-C3N4 multi-junction with enhanced separation of photogenerated carriers was one-pot integrated through in-situ “PTA-Mel” ionic microenvironment by mixing phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and melamine (Mel). Protonated Mel by PTA contributed to the formation of 1D g-C3N4 and the decomposition of [P(W3O40)4]3- produced WOx. 1D g-C3N4 and WOx with oxygen-vacancy deficient provided channels and caves for photoelectrons transfer, respectively. Compared with pure g-C3N4, the degradation rate constants of Rh B and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) by WOx/1D g-C3N4/2D g-C3N4 are 2.34 and 1.45 times high respectively due to the excellent visible light absorption and improved photogenerated carrier separation. This method could be extended to the design of multiple heterojunctions in one photocatalyst through a facile process.

The Effect of Air Flow and Stirring Frequency in Continuous Thermophilic Composting

Continuous Thermophilic Composting (CTC) was developed as a modification of continuous composting carried out in the thermophilic phase, where the organic waste degradation process runs quickly. Previous CTC research used lamps as a heat source, which was then changed to use a heater. Several important factors in composting are stirring and air circulation to increase oxygen levels so that the aerobic composting process occurs. The machine has been modified by making air holes and setting automatic stirring. This research aims to determine the air hole openings and stirring frequency that provide the best results. The research was carried out in 2 stages. The first stage is to look for air hole openings with 3 variations: closed, half open, and fully open. Continue by finding the best stirring frequency with 3 variations: once a day, 2 times a day, and 6 times a day. The parameters measured include temperature measured humidity and pH during the composting process, and chemical analysis of fresh waste, compost starter, and mature compost resulting from the process. The research was carried out for 8 days with the addition of 1 kg of artificial waste per day. The results showed that half-open air holes produced better compost quality and temperature consistency in the thermophilic phase. And the stirring frequency of 2 times a day produces consistent temperature results in the thermophilic phase and compost quality that meets SNI 19-7030-2004 of Compost Specifications from Domestic Organic Waste.

A STUDY ON EFFICIENT MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FOR DEGRADATION FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE OF CHHATRAPATI SAMBHAJINAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA

With rapid industrial development and the progress of civilization, the problem of increased waste generation has become more complex in urban areas. This research evaluates the composition and characteristics of municipal solid Waste produced in a representative residential neighbourhood. Ten samples were taken from the disposal site of the Chhatrapati—Sambhajinagar (Aurangabad) city area. Gathered from garbage, nine bacterial isolates were made using a nutrient agar medium. Investigations were conducted into the best culture conditions, microbiological traits, biochemical traits within the strains, tolerance to five heavy metals (Cadmium, zinc, Arsenic, lead and mercury), sensitivity to four different antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, and gentamycin), and extracellular enzyme production of the microbial strains. All six strains that could produce protease were used for the waste degradation efficiency test. Due to these findings, there is now a greater chance of identifying bacteria of scientific significance from municipal waste disposal sites, and these isolates may be a key source of compounds with practical applications in industry. Based on the research, it is possible to extract beneficial bacteria for the environmentally friendly bioconversion of solid Waste from the (Chhatrapati. Sambhajinagar (Aurangabad) city area.

The effect of fermentation modes on the efficiency of organic waste treatment in batch bioreactors

The amount of solid organic waste is constantly growing. This is caused by the growth of industrial and agricultural capacities, and the inefficiency of existing waste processing technologies. Biotechnologies can provide effective environmentally friendly solutions for waste treatment. Therefore, the goal of our work was to compare the efficiency of strictly anaerobic fermentation of multi-component solid organic waste with hydrogen synthesis and waste treatment with pulsed air access in batch bioreactors.During fermentation, the following parameters were controlled: pH, redox potential (Eh), concentration of dissolved organics, and the content of H2, O2, and CO2 in the gas phase. The efficiency was evaluated via the process duration, calculation of the ratio of the initial and final weight of waste (Кd), and the yield of molecular hydrogen. Obtained results revealed high efficiency of organic waste degradation in both variants. The weight of waste 83-fold and 86-fold decreased, respectively. The time required for fermentation in strictly anaerobic conditions was 4 days, whereas 7 days were required for the mode with pulsed air access. The first variant provided a 2.8-fold higher hydrogen yield (54±4,1 L/kg of waste), and the second one provided a decrease in the concentration of dissolved organic compounds in the fermentation fluid. Fermentation is the effective approach for accelerated degradation of solid organic waste. Strictly anaerobic fermentation appeared to be useful in the need to accelerate the process. The mode with the pulsed air access can provide not only degradation of solid waste but also purification of the fermentation fluid.