Degradation Of Amoxicillin Research Articles

Study on fabrication of ZnO@TiO2 nanocomposite for perozone degradation of amoxicillin from aqueous solution

In this study, a simple method for fabrication of a ZnO@TiO2 nanocomposite was developed to degrade amoxicillin (AMX) from aqueous solution by heterogeneous photocatalytic perozone under UV irradiation (O3/H2O2/ZnO@TiO2/UV). ZnO nanoparticles were formed by the sol-gel method. The ZnO-NPs were then composited with commercial TiO2 at modification ratios of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% of ZnO-NPs to generate ZnO@TiO2 nanocomposites. The physical-chemical characteristics of ZnO, TiO2, and ZnO@TiO2 at the optimal modification ratio were determined using SBET, SEM, EDX, and XRD analysis. The catalytic activity of ZnO@TiO2 was evaluated by degradation of AMX in an O3/H2O2/ZnO@TiO2/UV system. The results showed that 10%ZnO@TiO2 exhibited the highest catalytic activity in degradation (in term of COD removal) of AMX with about 80% for 70 min of reaction time. This efficiency was higher than that of both systems using ZnO or TiO2 only by double. This primary finding demonstrates the feasibility of 10%ZnO@TiO2 photocatalysts in perozone systems to degrade persistent organic compounds in practical applications.

Degradation of antibiotic amoxicillin from pharmaceutical industry wastewater into a continuous flow reactor using supercritical water gasification

In recent years the concern with emerging pollutants in water has become more prominent, especially pharmaceutical residues, such as antibiotics due to the influence to increase antibacterial resistance. Further, conventional wastewater treatment methods have not demonstrated efficiency for the complete degradation of these compounds, or they have limitations to treat a large volume of waste. In this sense, this study aims to investigate the degradation of amoxicillin, one of the most prescribed antibiotics, in wastewater via supercritical water gasification (SCWG) using a continuous flow reactor. For this purpose, the process operating conditions of temperature, feed flow rate, and concentration of H2O2 was evaluated using Experimental Design and Response Surface Methodology techniques and optimized by Differential Evolution methodology. Total organic carbon (TOC) removal, chemical oxygen demand (COD) degradability, reaction time, amoxicillin degradation rate, toxicity of degradation by-products, and gaseous products were evaluated. The use of SCWG for treatment achieved 78.4% of the TOC removal for the industrial wastewater. In the gaseous products, hydrogen was the majority component. Furthermore, high-performance liquid chromatography analyses demonstrated that the antibiotic amoxicillin was degraded. For a mass flow rate of 15 mg/min of amoxicillin fed into the reaction system, 14.4 mg/min was degraded. Toxicity tests with microcrustacean Artemia salina showed slight toxicity to treated wastewater. Despite that, the outcomes reveal the SCWG has great potential to degrade amoxicillin and may be applied to treat several pharmaceutical pollutants. Aside from this, carbon-rich effluents may lead to a significant energy gaseous product, especially, hydrogen and syngas.

Preparation of Granular Activated Carbon Particle Electrode Loaded with Co3O4 and its Effect on Amoxicillin Wastewater Treatment

In this work, granular activated carbon (GAC) loaded with Co3O4 catalyst (Co3O4/GAC) was used as a particle electrode for three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical treatment of amoxicillin (AMX) wastewater. The morphology, crystal structure, surface chemical bonds, specific surface area, and pore structure of the particle electrodes were characterized. Considering AMX and TOC removal rates and electrical energy consumption (EEC), the optimal manufacturing conditions of the Co3O4/GAC were determined as the calcination temperature of 700 °C, the calcination time of 5 h, and the impregnation time of 3 h, respectively. The measurement of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the interfacial electron transfer property of Co3O4/GAC was much improved compared with GAC. AMX removal rate (96.0%, 40 min), TOC removal rate (84.4%, 2 h), and EEC (87.2 kWh kg−1 TOC) of the 3D-Co3O4/GAC system were all significantly improved compared to the 3D-GAC system (77.9%, 40.3%, 232.9 kWh kg−1 TOC) and the 2D system (66.4%, 3.9%, 2080.3 kWh kg−1 TOC) under the same operating conditions. It was confirmed that Co3O4/GAC catalytically generates ·OH and H · radicals and increases the conductivity inside the reactor. The degradation of AMX was confirmed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and the degradation mechanism of AMX in the 3D-Co3O4/GAC system was proposed.

Synergistic effect of Fe and Ce on Fe doped CeO2 for catalytic ozonation of amoxicillin: Efficiency evaluation and mechanism study

A Fe-doped CeO2 was fabricated for catalytic ozonation of Amoxicillin (AMX), and the catalytic mechanisms were explored in this study. Under optimal conditions (the initial solution pH of 7.0, FC-0.3 dosage of 0.5 g/L, O3 dosage of 4 mg/min), the AMX and TOC removal by the optimal material (FC-0.3, at Fe/Ce atomic ratio of 0.3) reached 98.1 % at 24 min and 55.2 % at 36 min, respectively. Improved the AMX mineralization efficiency by 3.7 times. The experiments and theoretical calculation reveal the mechanisms of promoted catalytic ozonation by FC-0.3: 1) Highly abundant surface-active sites (i.e., –OH) enabled the adsorption of H2O and O3, which was favorable to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improved the reaction probability for ROS and contaminants. 2) The synergistic effect between Ce4+/Ce3+ and Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couples accelerated the electron transfer and formation of ROS. More than 42 % of •OH was generated in the presence of FC-0.3, and the •OH, •O2− and 1O2 were the main ROS that contributed to AMX degradation. The surface OH groups played a key role in the catalytic ozonation. The oxygen vacancies (OVs) played an important role in electron transfer, Ce and Fe were the active sites of electrons transfer following the sequence of (Ce3+ + Fe2+) → (Ce4+ + Fe3+) → (Ce3+ + Fe2+) redox reaction. The degradation pathway investigation and toxicity evaluation revealed that some more toxic intermediates were generated during the ozonation process, and sufficient mineralization is required to meet safe discharge. This study provides reference for the synthesis of new catalysts and insight into the reaction mechanisms in the heterogeneous catalytic ozonation process.

The application of a new recyclable photocatalyst γ-Fe2O3@SiO2@ZIF8-Ag in the photocatalytic degradation of amoxicillin in aqueous solutions.

This pilot study synthesized the γ-Fe2O3@SiO2@ZIF8-Ag nanocomposites via the hydrothermal method to study its potential use in amoxicillin degradation as a novel photocatalyst in aqueous solutions under visible light radiation. Various diagnostic methods were used to determine the morphology and functional structure of the photocatalyst, and the results confirmed its proper formation. Complete degradation of AMX was obtained at a pH of 5, catalyst dosage of 0.4g/L, AMX concentration of 10mg/L, and reaction time of 60min. The efficiency of the degradation was diminished when anions were present in the reaction medium, and the order of their effect was SO42-< Cl- < NO3-< HCO3-. Biodegradability (BOD5/COD ratio) increased from 0.20 to 0.68 after 120min of photocatalytic treatment, with a COD removal of 87.54% and a TOC removal of 74.88%. Through the experimental trapping of electrons, we found the production of reactive species, such as hydroxyl radical (•OH), superoxide (O2•-), and holes (h+), in the photocatalysis reactor and that •OH was the predominant species in AMX photodegradation. Comparative experiments emphasized that the oxidation process occurs with the adsorption of pollutants on the surface of the catalyst, and the photocatalyst has the potential to be activated by various light sources, including visible light, UV light, and sunlight, with an AMX decomposition above 88%. The synthesized particles can be recovered after five consecutive cycles with minimal reduction in the degradation rate (< 4%). γ-Fe2O3@SiO2@ZIF8-Ag can be considered a promising photocatalyst for use in AMX degradation due to its recyclability, easier activation by different light sources, and excellent mineralization.

Anchoring black phosphorous quantum dots on Bi2WO6 porous hollow spheres: A novel 0D/3D S-scheme photocatalyst for efficient degradation of amoxicillin under visible light.

Reasonable regulation of the micro-morphology of material can significantly enhance the related performance. Herein, bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6, simplified as BWO) porous hollow spheres with flower-like surface were prepared successfully, and this unique morphology endowed BWO with improved photocatalytic performance by reflecting and absorbing the light multiple times inside the cavity. To inhibit the rapid recombination of photogenerated e--h+ pairs within BWO itself, black phosphorous quantum dots (BPQDs) were anchored onto the nanosheets of BWO sphere closely by a facile self-assembly process, which will not shade the pores of BWO owing to the small size of BPQDs, but the BP nanosheets have the chance to do that. The band gap of BPQDs expanded much after exfoliation due to the quantum confinement effects, which matched the energy band of BWO well to form S-scheme heterojunction, achieving more efficient separation of photogenerated charges. As a result, the BPQDs/BWO exhibited attractive photocatalytic performance in the degradation of amoxicillin (AMX) and other antibiotics. Besides, the operation conditions were optimized, specifically, 94.5 % of AMX (20mg/L, 200mL) can be removed in 60min when 50mg of 2BPQDs/BWO was used as catalyst with solution pH=11. Moreover, a possible degradation pathway of AMX was proposed based on the detected intermediates.

Intervention of artificial intelligence to predict the degradation and mineralization of amoxicillin through photocatalytic route using nickel phosphide-titanium dioxide catalyst

Intervention of artificial intelligence to predict the degradation and mineralization of amoxicillin through photocatalytic route using nickel phosphide-titanium dioxide catalyst

Treatment of amoxicillin-containing wastewater by Trichoderma strains selected from activated sludge

This study screened a Trichoderma strain (Trichoderma pubescens DAOM 166162) from activated sludge to solve the limitation of traditional biological processes in the treatment of amoxicillin (AMO) containing wastewater. The mechanism of the removal of AMO wastewater by T. pubescens DAOM 166162 (TPC) was studied. AMO resulted in a higher protein percentage in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by TPC, which facilitated the removal of AMO from the wastewater. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and excitation-emission matrix were used to characterize EPS produced by metabolizing different carbon sources. It was found that the hydroxyl group was the primary functional group in EPS. The life activity of TPC was the cause of the pH rise. The main pathway of degradation of AMO by TPC was the hydroxyl group uncoupling the lactam ring and the hydrolysis of AMO in an alkaline environment. The removal efficiency of AMO in wastewater by TPC was >98 % (24 h), of which the biodegradation efficiency was 70.01 ± 1.48 %, and the biosorption efficiency was 28.44 ± 2.97 %. In general, TPC is an effective strain for treating wastewater containing AMO. This research provides a new idea for AMO wastewater treatment.

Enhanced Piezocatalytic Reactive Oxygen Species Production Activity and Recyclability of the Dual Piezoelectric Cu3B2O6/PVDF Composite Membrane.

Piezocatalysts have attracted considerable attention due to their ability to convert natural mechanical energy into chemical energy. However, the inefficient chemical reactions of the free charges and the poor mechanical endurance of the powder piezoelectric materials have largely restricted their wide application. Here, by combining piezocatalyst Cu3B2O6 (CBO) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a composite membrane CBO/PVDF with superior stability and excellent piezo-performance is prepared for the first time. This composite membrane shows a high efficiency for the degradation of antibiotics and organic dyes under ultrasonication; particularly, the removal efficiency is 33.9 times higher than that of a pure PVDF membrane for amoxicillin degradation, and it maintains a high efficiency after 16 cycling tests. The polarization electric field in the dual piezoelectric composite membrane significantly enhances the redox reaction of the intrinsic free carrier with dissolved oxygen and water molecules to generate reactive oxygen species. The results provide a strategy for combining the borate with the polymer membrane to lead piezocatalysis to real future applications.

Constructing a novel S-scheme Ag/MIL-68(In)-NH2/Bi4O7 plasmonic heterojunction with boosted visible light catalytic activity

Environmental pollution caused by the overusage and uncontrolled discharge of antibiotics such as amoxicillin will endanger public health and ecosystems. Herein, a novel Ag/MIL-68(In)-NH2/Bi4O7 plasmonic heterojunction has been successfully prepared through a two-step route followed by photoreduction for environmentally friendly photocatalytic amoxicillin degradation. Ag/MIL-68(In)-NH2/Bi4O7 displayed the most efficient photocatalytic performance, which was 3.7 and 3.2 times that of Bi4O7 and MIL-68(In)-NH2, respectively. The superior photocatalytic activity was directly linked to its large surface area and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, which provides more active sites and effectively promotes visible light absorption. Moreover, the degradation path of amoxicillin was explored in detail by combining Gaussian software calculation with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Finally, a series of characterizations and simulations were carried out to demonstrate the S-scheme photocatalytic mechanism.

Degradation and Toxicity of Amoxicillin After Electron Beam Irradiation

A recent and growing concern in environmental studies is the presence of antibiotics in wastewater, which contributes to antimicrobial resistance building. Amoxicillin, according to the World Health Organization, is one of the most consumed antibiotics worldwide, for being a first line therapy for common infections. Among several drug degradation methodologies, electron beam irradiation (EBI) is presented as an efficient and green treatment. This work presents data on amoxicillin degradation via EBI. Ecotoxicity essays were performed employing Vibrio fischeri, carbon removal efficiency was evaluated by TOC and degradation rate by LC/MS-MS. Chromatographic results indicate a 97.9% drug concentration reduction after 0.75 kGy; TOC results indicate 10% carbon removal at 3.0 kGy; toxicity assays indicate 80% in removal of toxicity at 0.75 kGy and a decrease in efficiency with higher doses. In conclusion, results indicate the 0.75 kGy as most effective for drug removal employing EBI.

Post-synthetic modification of graphitic carbon nitride with PCl3 and POCl3 for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) was synthesised from melamine at 550 °C in the air for a period of 4 h. As such prepared g-C 3 N 4 was dispersed in PCl 3 and POCl 3 with and without pyridine at an ambient temperature for us to dope g-C 3 N 4 with phosphorus. The bulk structural properties of g-C 3 N 4 examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were not changed. On the contrary, a surface modification in terms of pore size distribution studied using physisorption of nitrogen and electron microscopy was observed. Using PCl 3 (in the presence of pyridine), nitrogen vacancies were filled with phosphorus and phosphoramidate groups were formed (with and without pyridine). When POCl 3 was used nitrogen vacancies were removed and the surface structure was rearranged, but no phosphorus was doped in g-C 3 N 4 . The band gap energies varied from 2.69 to 2.73 eV and specific surface areas varied from 8 to 11 m 2 g −1 . The g-C 3 N 4 surface structure rearrangement was associated with altered electronic properties which led to higher photocatalytic activity observed by the degradation of Ofloxacin, Amoxicillin and Rhodamine B (RhB) under LED irradiation of 420 nm. A degradation efficiency decreased in the order: Ofloxacin > RhB > Amoxicillin. Superoxide radicals were found to be able to react with all the organic compounds, but holes could react only with Ofloxacin and RhB. All the modified materials were more active than the pristine g-C 3 N 4 and the best photocatalyst was prepared through the reaction with PCl 3 in the presence of pyridine. • g-C 3 N 4 was synthetized from melamine at 550 °C in the air for 4 h. • Then, g-C 3 N 4 was modified with PCl 3 and POCl 3 . • Using PCl 3 , the surface of g-C 3 N 4 was doped with phosphorus. • In the case of POCl 3 , g-C 3 N 4 was undoped but its surface structure was changed. • These modifications led to the enhanced photocatalytic activity of g-C 3 N 4 .

Improvement of synergistic effect photocatalytic/peroxymonosulfate activation for degradation of amoxicillin using carbon dots anchored on rod-like CoFe2O4

β-lactam antibiotics in aquatic environment have severely damaged ecological stability and caused a series of environmental pollution problems to be solved urgently. Herein, a novel composite photocatalyst prepared by loading carbon dots (CDs) onto rod-like CoFe 2 O 4 (CFO), which can effectively degrade amoxicillin (AMX) by photocatalytic/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation under visible light irradiation. The degradation results exhibits that the optimal degradation efficiency with 97.5% within 80 min is achievd by the CDs-CFO-5 composite. Such enhanced activity is ascribed to the introduction of CDs that effectively improves the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron pairs and creates new active sites as electron bridges that improve the photocatalytic performance. More importantly, a strong synergistic between CDs and photo-induced electrons generated from CFO can further activiate PMS to provide more SO 4 - · and ·OH radicals for boosting the degradation ability towards AMX. The present study aims to elucidate positive role of CDs in photocatalytic/peroxymonosulfate activation during the degradation reaction.

Novel amoxicillin degradation via photocatalysis of WO3/AgI heterojunction decorated on rGO

In the study, rGO was used as an electron mediator to establish WO3@rGO@AgI (WrGA) ternary heterojunction to apply for degradation of Amoxil upon excitation of visible light. Various characterization methods and technologies, such as XRD, SEM, TEM, UV–Vis and PL, and trapping experiments of active species were applied to determine charge separation as well as degradation mechanism. The achieved data showed that both WO3 and AgI in the synthesized WrGA had suitable band gap energies to absorb provided visible light for e− jumping from valence band (VB) to conduction band (CB) leaving h+ at the VB. Then, the rGO effectively acted as e− mediator to promote Z scheme mechanism for its migration from the WO3 CB to the AgI VB to prevent charge recombination in WO3 as well as AgI. The charge separation via Z scheme mechanism also maintained significant charges (e− at AgI CB and h+ at WO3 VB) with high redox potentials for photocatalysis. Therefore, the Amoxil degradation efficiency of the WrGA was 24% higher than that of the WA (without rGO). Finally, the recycling tests showed novel stability and recycling potential of the synthesized WrGA opening new era for its application in practical system for degradation of organic pollutants.

Constructing oxygen absorption and activation sites in Ce-doped g-C3N4 photocatalyst for effective removal of amoxicillin: Performance, mechanism and degradation pathways

Accelerating oxygen absorption and activation to generate O2− efficiently is challenging toward photocatalytic removal of antibiotic pollutions for water treatment. Herein, the Ce-doped g-C3N4 photocatalysts with active sites for adsorbing and activating oxygen were prepared by a pyrolysis method. It was found that CeCN-1 exhibits excellent performance toward the photocatalytic degradation of amoxicillin (AMX), which was about 3.4 times more than that of pure g-C3N4. Both experimental and theoretical studies elucidated that the Ce-g-C3N4-x have excellent oxygen absorption and activation capacity attributed to the doping of Ce ions destroys the original sp2 hybrid mode of nitrogen and carbon in the triazine ring, and the increase of solitary electrons forms the activated site. Meanwhile, the generation of N vacancies sites not only accelerate the conversion of excitons to photogenerated carriers but also generate more O2− acting as the main active species for the AMX degradation. Additionally, the photocatalytic degradation pathway of AMX was revealed through HPLC-MS and Fukui index based theorical calculation, proving that the intermediate products degraded by AMX are non-toxic and harmless. This study disclose the superiority of constructing the O2 adsorption and activation sites for photocatalytic removal of antibiotic pollutants.

Green and facile synthesis of heterojunction nanocatalyst: Insights and mechanism of antibiotics removal

Detecting of antibiotics in the aquatic environment is a serious health concern due to the development of antibiotic-resistant genes in humans and marine life. The current investigation aims to synthesize highly efficient heterojunction bimetallic nanocatalyst (Cu0 + Ag0)@Bentonite in a facile and ‘greener’ route. In situ, the phytochemicals of P. guajava leaves synthesize the Cu0 and Ag0 nanoparticles onto the bentonite support media. The advanced analytical methods characterize the nanomaterials extensively. The potential antibiotics (amoxicillin and sulfamethazine) are treated in photo-Fenton-like processes utilizing the UV-A and LED (Visible) light sources. The bimetallic (Cu0 + Ag0)@Bentonite exhibited a synergized in the photo-induced degradation of amoxicillin and sulfamethazine. The effect of pH, initial pollutant concentrations, and the presence of interfering ions optimize the removal efficiency and demonstrate insights into the reaction mechanism. The photo-Fenton-like degradation of AMX and SMZ was found to be 84 % and 74 %, respectively, under the UV-A illumination employing (Cu0 + Ag0)@Bentonite nanocatalyst. Similarly, the process mineralizes a significant amount of these pollutants, i.e., 66 % and 62 % of SMX and SMZ, respectively, using UV-A irradiation., enhancing the applicability of the catalyst. The nanocatalyst showed greater stability in the reactor operations, and Cu(II) leaches very minimally extent in the reaction pathways. The real water implications inferred the potential of novel nanocatalysts in scaling up the process for the decontamination of water contaminated with amoxicillin and sulfamethazine.

Degradation of amoxicillin under a UV or visible light photocatalytic treatment process using Fe2O3/bentonite/TiO2: Performance, kinetic, degradation pathway, energy consumption, and toxicology studies

The present work investigates the degradation of amoxicillin (AMX) using a Fe2O3/bentonite/TiO2 (Fe2O3/B/TiO2) nanocomposite under visible LED light and UV irradiation. XRD, UV-Visible, FTIR, EDS, VSM, EPR spectra and TEM techniques were utilized to estimate the features of the prepared photocatalyst. The saturation magnetization for Fe2O3 and Fe2O3/B/TiO2 was 57.4 and 17.4 emu/g, respectively. Factors affecting degradation rates, such as pH, catalyst dose, radiation intensity, and initial AMX concentration, were investigated. The results showed that an AMX concentration of 25 mg/L, a pH of 5, and a catalyst dosage of 0.75 gr/L are the optimal parameters suggesting a 100% degradation of the contaminant in the presence of UV light for 60 min. However, during the use of visible light the optimal contact time was 90 min, producing a removal percentage of 98.8%. The results for the reaction rate indicate the adherence of the data to pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the reaction rate constant for UV and visible radiation was 0.0181 and 0.0176 1/min, respectively. The energy consumption range for a degradation time of 10–90 min for UV and visible radiation was 9.4–14.6 and 7.61–15.4 kWh/m3, respectively Both light sources have also been shown to convert nonbiodegradable effluent into a biodegradable form. Finally, a mere 8% reduction in catalyst efficiency was observed after 6 recycling and reuse cycles. The degradation of AMX was negatively affected by common coexisting anions in water (10–25%). Moreover, toxicity assessments indicated the usability of the studied system to remarkably diminish the toxicity of AMX solution compared to untreated controls. Hence, the studied Fe2O3/B/TiO2/UV or visible light processes could be considered an auspicious technology for providing high efficiencies in the treatment of AMX-contaminated wastewater.

Amoxicillin degradation ability of Bacillus cereus C1 isolated from catfish pond sludge in Vietnam

The biological removal of antibiotic residue in the environment has earned great interest. This study presented the biodegradation of amoxicillin (AMX) using B. cereus C1 isolated from the catfish pond sludge in Vietnam. This AMX-degrading bacterial strain grew well in the range of temperatures between 25ΟC and 40ΟC under aerobic condition. In a culture medium containing nitrogen source of NH4Cl (1 g.L−1) alone, the bacterium showed a AMX degradation ability of 54%. The AMX degradation ability of this bacterial strain was the highest level of 94% in the culture medium with 1.5 g.L−1 of NH4Cl and 3 g.L−1 of glucose. B. cereus C1 exhibited a great antibiotic degradation capability on high AMX concentration of 250 μg.mL−1 of AMX with AMX removal efficiency of 84% in 16 h of cultivation.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Amoxicillin with Mn-Doped Cu2O under Sunlight Irradiation

In this work, we report the synthesis of Mn-doped Cu2O nanoparticles using aloe vera leaves extract. X-ray diffraction data revealed that the Mn-doped Cu2O crystals have a cubic crystal structure. The surface morphology of the as-synthesized catalyst indicated truncated octahedral and spherical-like shapes. The photocatalytic activity of the catalyst is efficient at pH 9, initial concentration of amoxicillin 15 mg/L, and photocatalyst dosage 1 g/L under sunlight irradiation. 92% of amoxicillin was degraded in the presence of Mn-doped Cu2O. The enhancement in photocatalytic performance is due to the incorporation of Mn, which delays the rapid recombination rate by trapping the photogenerated electron. Therefore, Mn-doped Cu2O could remove pharmaceuticals from pharmaceutical factory and hospital wastes.

Synthesis of WO3/Ag3VO4 photocatalyst with enhanced visible light efficiency photocatalysis

WO3/Ag3VO4photocatalyst was synthesized for benefiting the visible region of solar spectrum for degradation of antibiotic pollutant. The prepared catalyst was characterized by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The photocatalytic performance of material was evaluated by the photoredution of degradation of Amoxicillin (AMX) antibiotic under visible light. Results show that the obtained WO3/Ag3VO4photocatalyst can significantly enhance photocatalytic activity in comparison with the pure WO3 and Ag3VO4. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of WO3/Ag3VO4 was predominantly attributed to the synergistic effect which increased visible-light absorption and facilitated the efficient separation of photoinduced electrons and holes.