Defense Industry Company Research Articles

A novel method for weighting decision makers for failure mode and effect analysis under intuitionistic fuzzy environment

AbstractThis study introduces an innovative method to implement Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) in an Intuitionistic Fuzzy (IF) environment and targets inherent limitations of traditional FMEA, particularly its reliance on precise numerical values that can lead to human subjectivity and compromise accuracy of analysis. The primary aim is to increase the objectivity in evaluating Failure Modes (FMs) in industrial settings, thus enhancing safety and quality assessments. The novel approach integrates the Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to the Compromise Solution (MARCOS) method within an IF framework. An implementation at a defense industry company is performed for evaluation of the FMs by four Decision Makers (DMs), each possessing different levels of experience and system knowledge. A key innovation of this study is the unique weighting methodology applied to DMs, based on predefined rules, which acknowledges and quantifies their varied expertise and insights. Our methodology significantly contributes to the study's practicality and significance in ranking FMs, emphasizing its effectiveness, robustness, and accuracy. The findings reveal that this method greatly reduces the subjectivity found in traditional FMEA, also providing a more detailed and reliable assessment. This is achieved by adapting the analysis to the specific knowledge levels of the DMs, leading to more dependable and objective quality evaluations in industrial processes. The application of this method in the real‐world setting demonstrates its practical relevance and potential for wider adoption.

An obsolescence management framework for a defense industry company

Obsolescence issues in complex product lifecycles can cause disruptions in projects, leading to delays in project schedules, significant costs, and loss of prestige, particularly in defense companies. This article aims to address the obsolescence management issues of electronic components in complex product lifecycles in the defense industry with a new framework called the "Shell Structure”. The Shell Structure acts as a shield that safeguards and reinforces electronic components involved in every phase of the product lifecycle from obsolescence problems. The Shell Structure consists of five main processes: project management, research and development, manufacturing and services, supply chain management, and the new obsolescence management process. A new overarching obsolescence management process integrated into these main processes have been designed, specifically tailored for a large-scale defense industry company, using a process map example. The main obsolescence management process encompasses three subprocesses: the development of obsolescence management plan, the development of obsolescence management strategies, and the monitoring of obsolescence management plan. These processes interact in real-time, ensuring that electronic component data flows seamlessly in the context of digitalization utilizing Complex Event Processing System architecture. The obsolescence management-focused framework fosters interdisciplinary collaboration among the main processes of defense companies through the Shell Structure.

AN ANALYSIS OF THE FEASIBILITY OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IN THE NATIONAL DEFENSE INDUSTRY

The aim of this study is to analyze and evaluate the feasibility of blockchain technology in the management of technology investments in the national defense industry. Blockchain technology (BT) has the potential to provide an important tool and infrastructure in providing technical cooperation and partnerships between national defense technology companies and institutions. It is predicted that BT shall become widespread in the field of defense industry and its cost shall decrease over time. Data sending and assessment of trust in the collaborative ambiance are seen as important problem areas in the use of blockchain technology by defense industry companies. In order to use blockchain technologies effectively in Turkey’s move of national defense industry, legal foundations, and platforms should be established and a state strategy should be formed in this regard.

Business Risk and Sales Growth on Financial Performance in Defense Industry Companies in Indonesia

An independent and strong defense industry can support the development of defense forces and the economy. Where in reviewing its development can be seen through its financial aspects or the company's financial performance. Assessment of financial performance can be seen from the level of profit or profitability that has been achieved by the company in carrying out its operational activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of business risk and sales growth on the financial performance of defense industry companies in Indonesia for the 2011-2020 period. This research is a quantitative research with a sample focused on 5 defense industry companies which are members of DEFEND ID. The analysis used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that partially business risk has an effect on financial performance while sales growth has no effect on financial performance. Meanwhile, business risk and sales growth simultaneously affect the company's performance, with a coefficient of determination of 89.4%.

The Effect of Asset Efficiency and Growth on Financial Performance in the Defense Industry Sector

This research focused on three defense industry companies, namely PT Dirgantara Indonesia, PT PAL Indonesia (Persero) and PT Pindad (Persero). This study used a quantitative research approach with a time period from 2011 to 2020. The results of the study show that the magnitude of the effect of efficiency and asset growth on financial performance in the defense industry sector is 45.0% and the remaining 55.0% is explained by other variables not examined in this study. Efficiency and Asset Growth have a simultaneous effect on Financial Performance in the Defense Industry Sector. Efficiency partially has a positive effect on Financial Performance in the Defense Industry Sector. Asset Growth partially does not affect Financial Performance in the Defense Industry Sector. This can be a concern for companies in the defense industry sector so that Indonesia can create a strong, independent and competitive defense industry. Keywords: Efficiency, Global, Financial Performance, Asset Growth, Technology

Synergy of state support and novel approaches to implementing the diversification strategy by defense industry companies

The study’s aim is to identify the features of interaction between state structures and companies of the military-industrial complex (DIC) in the course of diversification. Many scientific papers devoted to various aspects of this process show the need for its comprehensive study. Russian publications comment on certain aspects of these interactions. However, the approaches and initiatives of the dominant corporations of the military-industrial complex to carry out diversification, being supported by the state, have not yet fallen on the radar of analysis. The author focuses on solving the problem of removing institutional barriers that hinder the scale and direction of diversification. Also, the study updates new solutions for an active policy of stimulating and expanding the production of civilian products. The author identifies the specifics and advantages of unconventional methods in defense companies. The methodological basis of the work is an institutional approach using a structural and logical analysis. The author highlighted the research methods for using of systematization, grouping, comparative analysis. The paper reflects the results of monitoring relevant approaches to implementing the diversification strategy in state defense corporations. The research showed that it has to increase the share of civilian production for the successful implementation of plans as well as to change the fiscal model for the development of the defense industry to an investment-motivational one. The findings and results obtained indicated scientific novelty and may interest in leading defense companies in order to adjust their strategies, as well as to state agencies in the formation of state policy in defense industry diversification.

«Պաշտպանական արդյունաբերություն 4.0». ՀՀ պաշտպանական արդյունաբերության թվային փոխակերպման անհրաժեշտությունը / “Defense industry 4.0”: The RA defense industry digital transformation to be urgent

The global military machine has recently witnessed revolutionary transformations, perpetuated by “Industry 4.0”, in particular connected with high rates of digital transformation, which have led to multifaceted changes on the battlefield, hence making room for new challenges to the national defense industries, and, correspondingly, to the armed forces. In this sense, the article highlights the urgency of digital transforma­tion of the defense industry enterprises of the Republic of Armenia, and steps, targeted at the acceleration of the achievement of the given aim. It concludes that the effectiveness of measures targeted at the increase of the RA’s defense capability and military power will largely be determined by the acceleration of the defense industry digital transformation via induction of the “Industry 4.0” technologies, and satisfaction of the army digitalization needs. Based upon the experience of a number of leading foreign companies, including those manufacturing dual-purpose products, the article suggests a certain sequence of first priority steps on the development of digital capabilities of the defense industry companies, and the increase in their digital transformation level. The most progressive and effective technologies are considered those relating to artificial intelligence, innovative defense equipment based on the battlefield electrification technology, developments in the spheres of biotechnology and nanotechnology, as well as technologies of the Internet of Military Things (IoMT), with the help of which it becomes possible to reduce the physical and mental load on a warrior, as well as means of cyber warfare, radar electronic support and robotics.

A Multi-Criteria Approach to Sustainable Risk Management of Supplier Portfolio: A Case Study at Defense Industry

Supply Chain Management plays an important role in the success and performance of businesses. Supply chains have to adapt to changes in technological advancements and customer expectations to maintain competitive advantage. On the other hand, driving factors such as risk reduction, increasing the financial performance of the supply chain, societal influence, governmental requirements and attracting customers who give importance to sustainability have been influential in the increasing interest in the concept of Sustainable Supply Chain. Therefore, businesses maintain their supply chain operations while focusing on economic, environmental and social dimensions. Additionally, the risk evaluation methods employed in supply chain management are considered to be more qualitative rather than quantitative. This study conducted in a Turkish defense industry company introduces a quantitative framework that allows the evaluation of risks and risk management practices required for sustainable supplier performance with the help of a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach. In this study, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Rating Methods are applied together in order to evaluate risks through classification of critical suppliers with respect to business volume, capabilities and schedule certainty. Using this framework, Sustainable Supplier Risk Scores (SSRS) of each class of suppliers have been calculated and specific risk management practices have been determined for each class. The objective is to establish effective supply chain risk management practices, which provide long term partnership with suppliers in a business with strategic customers, high cost of production, high expectations in terms of quality and high level of supply chain risks.

OPTIMALISASI SUMBER DAYA TEKNOLOGI PT PINDAD MELALUI DIVERSIFIKASI KERJASAMA TERINTEGRASI DALAM UPAYA PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN ALUTSISTA TNI AL

The TNI is a state instrument that has the duty and function to maintain the sovereignty and stability of security in the country, therefore it is necessary to have strong support for the TNI, especially in supporting the fulfillment of defense equipment needs. The perceived budget limitations in the defense sector make the TNI must be able to carry out its duties and functions by taking advantage of the existing Alutsista and its periodic additions. The Indonesian Navy is one of the three dimensions of the Indonesian National Armed Forces which can be said to have yet to fully possess an adequate Alutsista, so it can be said that the status of the Indonesian Navy's Alutsista is still lagging behind other countries in Asia in general. Therefore, it is important for the Navy to build strategic cooperation with the domestic defense industry such as PT Pindad, especially cooperation in an effort to improve the technological capabilities of state industrial companies so that they are able to produce defense products that are able to meet the needs of the TNI absolutely so that they no longer depend on imports of defense equipment from companies. - foreign defense industry companies. In this study, the method used is descriptive qualitative where data analysis is carried out using SWOT analysis by determining external and internal factors which are then formulated strategies for both short-term, medium-term and long-term strategies. The results of the study show that external factors are more dominant in determining the strategy that is set so that policy steps are needed that support existing opportunities so that they can be utilized properly and suppress threats that can occur by making existing threats as opportunities. Keywords: optimization, technology, cooperation, defense equipment

Optimalisasi Sumber Daya Teknologi PT Pindad Melalui Diversifikasi Kerjasama Terintegrasi Dalam Upaya Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Alutsista TNI AL

The TNI is a state instrument that has the duty and function to maintain the sovereignty and stability of security in the country, therefore it is necessary to have strong support for the TNI, especially in supporting the fulfillment of defense equipment needs. The perceived budget limitations in the defense sector make the TNI must be able to carry out its duties and functions by taking advantage of the existing Alutsista and its periodic additions. The Indonesian Navy is one of the three dimensions of the Indonesian National Armed Forces which can be said to have yet to fully possess an adequate Alutsista, so it can be said that the status of the Indonesian Navy's Alutsista is still lagging behind other countries in Asia in general. Therefore, it is important for the Navy to build strategic cooperation with the domestic defense industry such as PT Pindad, especially cooperation in an effort to improve the technological capabilities of state industrial companies so that they are able to produce defense products that are able to meet the needs of the TNI absolutely so that they no longer depend on imports of defense equipment from companies. - foreign defense industry companies. In this study, the method used is descriptive qualitative where data analysis is carried out using SWOT analysis by determining external and internal factors which are then formulated strategies for both short-term, medium-term and long-term strategies. The results of the study show that external factors are more dominant in determining the strategy that is set so that policy steps are needed that support existing opportunities so that they can be utilized properly and suppress threats that can occur by making existing threats as opportunities.

An Empirical Study on Software Test Effort Estimation for Defense Projects

Effort estimation of software testing plays a vital role in the effective completion of testing. In particular, software test effort estimation in defense projects is not an easy and simple phenomenon, owing to internal and external factors. This study aims to investigate the relationships between software test metrics used in the industry and software testing efforts. A method for estimating the testing effort is proposed using a novel set of software testing metrics that have not been used in any previously proposed software test effort estimation methods. In this study, 15 completed software projects of a CMMI Level-3 certified defense industry company were analyzed. The results of the empirical study show that the proposed method with the given metrics provides acceptable prediction quality, with Pred (0.25) and Pred (0.30) values equal to 0.867. We obtained plausible results and demonstrated that our newly proposed metrics can be safely used for software test effort estimation.

Institutional Arrangements and Processes Rotation of Assets of Defense Industry Corporation

The article assesses the place and role of institutional design in the processes of consolidation and restructuring of the assets of defense industry companies (defense industry complex), discusses the possibility of adjusting measures aimed at activating the activities of defense companies in the context of growing geopolitical tensions, forms and methods of effective institutional management of the process of modernization of the main economic entities of the defense industry: Rostec State Corporation, Roscosmos State Corporation, United Shipbuilding Corporation (USC), etc. Its scientific novelty consists in the development of a comprehensive view of the institutional design of the processes of consolidation and rotation of the assets of defense companies in the context of the ongoing sanctions regime. Among the directions of changes in the institutional structure for the development of defense companies are analyzed: the creation and dissemination of common requirements (universality and compatibility) to the processes of design and production of products; the emergence of new leasing programs for technological equipment for various industries with preferential treatment; improving the system of publicprivate partnership (PPP) in certain dominant areas of development (microelectronics, IT-technologies); participation of defense industry companies in investment projects in special economic zones (SEZ) and territories of advanced development (TOP); localization of production within the framework of import substitution; updated approaches to the financial recovery of defense industry enterprises against the background of the preparation of large-scale changes to the bankruptcy law; maintaining a favorable institutional background in the M&A market for defense enterprises, etc.

Intellectual property in theory national security

Keywords: national security, national values, national interests, national goals, intellectualproperty
 Theoretical aspects of national security, the interconnection of values, interestsand goals of the individual, society and the state, their influence on the formation ofnational values, interests and goals in order to develop a state policy on national securityand defense of Ukraine are considered. The need to take into account intellectualproperty issues in these processes has been investigated. The importance of furtherresearch on developing a unified approach to improving the intellectual propertyprotection system and defining it as an integral part of the national security and defenseof Ukraine is outlined.National security theory is built around a framework that is shaped by the socalledtriad: national values — national interests — national goals. National securityis based on national interests established on national values.Therefore, national values, interests and goals are the stumbling blocks in the developmentof guidelines for national security (laws, concepts, doctrines, strategies,programs, etc.). At the same time, national values and interests play a key role.
 Intellectual property issues are at the intersection of a set of core values, interestsand goals of the individual, society and state.Intellectual security nowadays is a leading component in the national security systembecause, on the one hand, it is connected with the growing role of intellectuallabor, protection of intellectual potential from destruction, and on the other hand –guarantees the security of human intellectual development, protects knowledge asthe most valuable intellectual resource and its the media is the person who createsthe intellectual products. Intellectual security of Ukraine guaranteeing implies makingadequate management decisions and taking consistent, well-structured organizationalmeasures.The threat to national interests and national security of Ukraine in the defensesphere are also intellectual property problems that arise in the development ofweapons and military equipment and in cooperation with foreign defense industrycompanies (investments, joint production, procurement of technology, etc.).Ineffective state policy in the field of intellectual property protection (or lack thereof)has a negative impact on national security. Under these conditions, developing ascience-based public policy on intellectual property protection is now an importanttask. Such state policy should consider intellectual property taking into account notonly economic and scientific and technical indicators, but also threats to the nationalsecurity of Ukraine.

Effective Decision-Making Behaviors for Defense R&D: Accounting for Dynamic Competition

Research and Development (R&D) in the Department of Defense (DoD) is shaped by competition. Competition is a complex, interactive process that is difficult to predict and has significant effects on the value of R&D investments over time. Initially promising investments may ultimately result in little value, due to the actions of others in a competitive environment. This article models the interaction of competition with R&D decision-making and introduces a simulation-based methodology to determine effective decision-making behaviors for the distinctive competition dynamics of DoD applications. The approach is built on the insight that R&D decision-making can be optimized for the resulting Post-Competition Value (PCV) of opportunities, rather than for their initial value. The authors demonstrate the value of this approach in three diverse applications across the DoD, including a case of defense industry companies, government laboratories, and nonprofits. In all cases, optimized behaviors are identified that achieve significantly more average value than standard alternatives that do not account for competition. This creates an opportunity for DoD leaders to systematically account for competition in their decision-making and enhance the value of their R&D investments.

Effective Decision-Making Behaviors for Defense R&D: Accounting for Dynamic Competition

Research and Development (R&D) in the Department of Defense (DoD) is shaped by competition. Competition is a complex, interactive process that is difficult to predict and has significant effects on the value of R&D investments over time. Initially promising investments may ultimately result in little value, due to the actions of others in a competitive environment. This article models the interaction of competition with R&D decision-making and introduces a simulation-based methodology to determine effective decision-making behaviors for the distinctive competition dynamics of DoD applications. The approach is built on the insight that R&D decision-making can be optimized for the resulting Post-Competition Value (PCV) of opportunities, rather than for their initial value. The authors demonstrate the value of this approach in three diverse applications across the DoD, including a case of defense industry companies, government laboratories, and nonprofits. In all cases, optimized behaviors are identified that achieve significantly more average value than standard alternatives that do not account for competition. This creates an opportunity for DoD leaders to systematically account for competition in their decision-making and enhance the value of their R&D investments.

The Mediating Role of Logistics Innovativeness on Logistics Capabilities and Supply Chain Performance: Evidence from Defense Industry Companies in Turkey

The Mediating Role of Logistics Innovativeness on Logistics Capabilities and Supply Chain Performance: Evidence from Defense Industry Companies in Turkey

Uticaj industrijskih akcidenata u namenskoj industriji na bezbednost u Republici Srbiji

The security of people and property is one of the basic premises of the business of each company. Security as an important function of management of the organization, particularly evident in companies engaged in the production of explosives and flammable substances. In the category of security risk companies are the defense industry companies. Recently, these findings have been confirmed through several industrial accidents with serious consequences. Security vulnerability of these companies is reflected primarily in the sensitivity of certain production and technological processes in terms of exposure to destructive influences and possible occurrence of fire, explosion of a hazardous gases and liquids. Reasons for increased surveillance and a higher safety level can be found in the volume and sensitivity of explosives and flammable substances on a daily basis participate in the processes of production. Considering aforementioned clearly imposes the task of preventive action and preventing accidents and diminishes the effects of their possible manifestation (if they occur). This paper considers the most characteristic of industrial accidents that have occurred in the defense industry from the point of view of their phenomenological characteristics, with a view to identifying the causes of these phenomena and take measures to correct them, in order to prevent repeated and similar events. As the most relevant, addressed the issues of prevention of accidents and safety activities of operators in terms of prevention and elimination of consequences. Also, paper presents singled out the conclusions derived by treating these very complex and in modern times most of the current problems, which requires the full attention of all security subjects in the country, in order to prevent extremely dangerous and even disastrous consequences for security facilities in the Republic of Serbia and the destruction of valuable and scarce resources.

The financial condition of corporations of the Russian defense-industrial complex, which are included in the TOP lists of the largest military companies in the world

Research background: Over the recent period, new “players” have appeared on the world arms and military equipment markets as large exporters, which were previously positioned as large importers of weapons. As international experience shows, in order to become a global exporter of weapons and military equipment, one needs to create powerful military companies. Russian defense companies occupy high places in various TOP lists, which provides the country with a stable position in the export markets. An analysis of the financial condition of these companies makes it possible to deepen the assessment of the prospects for Russian arms exports. The authors have repeatedly addressed the topic of Russian arms exports and the place of Russia in the global arms and military equipment trade markets. Purpose of the article: The main goal of the study is to analyze the current financial standing of the leading Russian defense industry companies, which ensure the country’s stable positions in global export markets. Methods: Generalizations of the research are based on the processing and systematization of data obtained from available information sources. By analyzing the statistics, the authors were able to deduce the trends of the current moment and determine the prospects. Findings & Value added: Consideration of the financial condition of backbone enterprises of the Russian defense industry enabled the authors to make an educated guess about what the prospects for Russia hold high positions in the global markets of AME.

Efficiency Analysis of Defense Industry Company Using DEA and Super-SBM

Efficiency Analysis of Defense Industry Company Using DEA and Super-SBM

The effectiveness of the project management application analysis in the Kazakhstani defense industrial complex holding

Nowadays, leading world companies widely use methodology, standards, and project management tools in many areas of project-oriented activities, including investment, innovation, and information projects. Last years the implementation and functioning of the country’s enterprises’ project management system have been actively discussed in Kazakhstan.This work aims to identify critical processes of project management planning that affect the effectiveness of projects at the enterprise of the military-industrial complex of Kazakhstan. For this purpose, a survey of top managers of defense industry companies was conducted. A total of 28 respondents were interviewed, working at 18 enterprises of the military-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan and directly participating in the implementation of projects. Data were personally collected by a questionnaire survey conducted during 2019. To verify the formulated model’s assumptions and success, correlation analysis, and other relevant tests were used. Using the model of project management planning quality (PMPQ), process efficiency has been assessed, and critical factors for the effectiveness of defense industry projects have also been identified. The results show that the Republic of Kazakhstan’s defense industry complex projects has a low level of efficiency and an average score for the use of project planning processes. Project efficiency evaluation has also revealed critical knowledge areas for defense projects like human resource management, schedule development, and define scope. The research expands knowledge in PM, revealing the importance of planning processes for the defense industry that need more focus to achieve top-level success and effectiveness of projects. AcknowledgmentThis study is the second part of grant AP05134488 that has been funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan.