Deep-water Trawl Research Articles

Benthic invertebrate bycatch from a deep-water trawl fishery, Chatham Rise, New Zealand

1. Benthic invertebrate bycatch was collected during trawling for orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) at water depths of 662–1524 m on the northern and eastern Chatham Rise, New Zealand, in July 1994. Seventy-three trawl tows were examined, 49 from ‘flat’ areas and 24 from two groups of ‘hills’ (small seamounts). Benthos was recorded from 82% of all tows. 2. Some 96 benthic species were recorded including Ophiuroidea (12 spp.), Natantia (11 spp.), Asteroidea (11 spp.), Gorgonacea (11 spp.), Holothuroidea (7 spp.), and Porifera (6 spp.). 3. Cluster analysis showed the bycatch from flats and hills to differ significantly. Dominant taxa from flats were Holothuroidea, Asteroidea and Natantia; whereas taxa most commonly recorded from hills were Gorgonacea and Scleractinia. Bycatch from the two geographically separate groups of hills also differed significantly. 4. The largest bycatch volumes comprised corals from hills: Scleractinia (Goniocorella dumosa), Stylasteridae (Errina chathamensis) and Antipatharia (?Bathyplates platycaulus). Such large sessile epifauna may significantly increase the complexity of benthic habitat and trawling damage may thereby depress local biodiversity. Coral patches may require >100 yr to recover. 5. Other environmental effects of deep-water trawling are briefly reviewed. 6. There is an urgent need to assess more fully the impact of trawling on seamount biotas and, in consequence, possible conservation measures. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Spatial and temporal availability in the multispecies crustacean trawl fishery along the east coast of South Africa and southern Moçambique, 1988–1993

Catch and effort data from the crustacean trawl fishery along the east coast of South Africa and southern Mocambique are used to investigate spatial and temporal availability of several commercially important crustacean species. The abundance of shallow-water prawns, Penaeus indicus, Metapenaeus monoceros and Penaeus monodon, on the Tugela Bank trawling grounds is strongly seasonal, increasing from January to June, and declining towards September. Decreasing annual catches are related to low rainfall in selected river catchment areas. Deep-water trawling between 100 and 600 m deep captures the pink prawns Haliporoides triarthrus and Aristaeomorpha foliacea, the langoustine Metanephrops mozambicus and Nephropsis stewarti, the rock lobster Palinurus delagoae and the deep-sea red crab Chaceon macphersoni. Trawling effort is distributed over depth and season according to species availability and economic value, the most valuable species mix being found at 400–500 m. Langoustine, optimally fished for at 300 - ...

Fishing debris in the Australian marine environment

The loss and disposal of fishing gear has been recognized internationally as a major environmental issue for several decades. This paper reviews the available data on fishing debris in the Australian marine environment. In some regions debris from deep-water trawl, longline and rock lobster fisheries has harmed marine wildlife and littered beaches. The highest documented incidence of wildlife entanglement by fishing debris is for the Australian fur seal in Bass Strait and off southern Tasmania, where over the period 1989–1993 approximately 1.5-2% of seals were found with neck collars. Data collected by Australian observers on board foreign vessels fishing within the Australian Fishing Zone, indicate that in 1992 and 1993 at least one-third of these vessels did not comply with the MARPOL regulations on the disposal of plastics. Approaches used to reduce debris have included education programmes, development of plastic-free gear, and clean-up programmes.

Impact of the Exclusive Economic Zone on the Management and Utilisation of the New Zealand Fishery Resources

Pacific ViewpointVolume 31, Issue 1 p. 44-62 ArticleFree Access Impact of the Exclusive Economic Zone on the Management and Utilisation of the New Zealand Fishery Resources R. Cullen, R. CullenSearch for more papers by this authorP. A. Memon, P. A. MemonSearch for more papers by this author R. Cullen, R. CullenSearch for more papers by this authorP. A. Memon, P. A. MemonSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 May 1990 https://doi.org/10.1111/apv.311003Citations: 2AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1Beeby, CD. 1975. The United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea: A New Zealand View. Pacific Viewpoint, 16(2): 113- 42 2Boyce, A.G., D.E. Martin, and B.L. Stringer. 1986. New Zealand Fisheries: A Geographical Perspective. Wellington, New Zealand Fishing Industry Board. 3 Catch, various issues. Wellington. Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries 4Clark, I.N. 1985. ‘ New Zealand’s Deepwater Trawl Policy.’ In, Proceedings of the Second International Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, vol.1. Christchurch, August, 20-23, 1984: 347- 50 5Department of Statistics, various years. New Zealand Official Yearbook. Wellington: Department of Statistics 6Duncan, A.J. 1985. ‘ New Zealand’s Inshore Fishery: A Summary of Economic Conclusions and Management Options.’ In, Proceedings of the Second International Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, vol.1. Christchurch, August, 20-23, 1984: 337- 46 7 R.D. Elder and J.L. Taylor, (eds.) 1979. Prospects and problems for New Zealand’s Demersal Fisheries. Proceedings of the Demersal Fisheries Conference, October 1978. Fisheries Research Division, Occasional Publication No. 19 8 FAO. 1986. Strategy for Fisheries Management and Development. Rome: FAO 9 G. Habib and P.E. Roberts, (eds.) 1978. Proceedings of the Pelagic Fisheries Conference, July 1977. Occasional Publication No. 15, Fisheries Research Division 10Knight, H.G. 1978. Managing the Seas Living Resources. Farnborough, Lexington Books 11Marshall, B. and J. Kelly. 1986. Atlas of New Zealand Boundaries. Occasional Publication No. 20, Department of Geography, University of Auckland 12 Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, 1982. Future Policy for the Inshore Fishery. A Discussion Paper. Wellington: Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries 13Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, various years Annual Report, Wellington: Government Printer 14Ministry of Defence, various years. Annual Report, Wellington: Government Printer 15 National Business Review. 14/12/1988 16 National Fisheries Management Advisory Committee (NAFMAC) 1983. Report to Minister of Fisheries on Future Policy for the Inshore Fishery. Wellington 17New Zealand Fisheries Industry Board, various years, Annual Report. Wellington: Government Printer 18 Public Eyes. Issue No 9, November 1988 19 Reserve Bank of New Zealand, 1981. Fish exports. Reserve Bank Bulletin. 44(7): 339- 40 20Sandrey, R.A. and D.K. O’Donnell. 1985. New Zealand’s Inshore Fishery: A perspective on the current debate. In, Proceedings of the Second International Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, vol.1. Christchurch, August, 20-23, 1984: 351- 364 Citing Literature Volume31, Issue1May 1990Pages 44-62 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Squalene content and neutral lipis composition of Livers from Deep-sea sharks caught in Tasmanian waters

Deep-sea sharks (mainly dogfish) are a significant by-catch of trawls for the deep-water fish orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus). To test whether the livers of these sharks might be a source of commerically valuable squalene and other lipids, 16 sharks of 8 species were collected from Tasmanian waters at depths of 700-1200 m during research cruise S02/88 of FRV Soela. The sharks were Centroscyrnnus crepidater (longnose velvet dogfish), Centroscyrnnus owstoni (Owston's dogfish), Centroscyrnnus coelolepis (Portuguese dogfish), Deania calcea (shovelnose dogfish), Etmopterus baxteri (Baxter's dogfish), Etmopterus sp. nov. (unnamed dwarf dogfish), Dalatias licha (kitefin or seal shark) and Centrophorus squarnosus (leafscale gulper shark). Squalene content, triacylglycerols, diacylglyceryl ethers, total fatty acids, pristane and other lipids were analysed by capillary gas chromatography and thin-layer chromatography-flame ionization detection. The livers contained high levels of squalene (15-69% by weight), except for the liver of C. squarnosus (I%), which had an unusually high amount of diacylglyceryl ethers (79%). Triacylglycerol and diacylglyceryl ether contents in the livers ranged from 1 to 26% and from 7 to 79% by weight respectively. The C19 isoprenoid alkane pristane was a minor constituent in all samples (0.01-0.56% by weight of liver). The three major esterified fatty acids in all samples were palmitic (16:0), oleic [18: 1 (n - 9)] and eicosa-11-enoic [20: 1 (n - 9)] fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were minor constituents. These data indicate that shark livers could provide a profitable by-catch from deep-water trawls, but it is unlikely that shark could form the basis for a target fishery due to their susceptibility to overfishing.

Fisheries Research for The Deep-Water Fisheries of W and Nw W.A.

The following article is an abridged version of a publication by the Bureau of Rural Resources (BRR) on priorities for research in two developing deepwater fisheries, the North West Shelf Deep-Water Trawl (NWSDWT) and Western Deep-Water Trawl (WDWT) fisheries (Jernakoff, 1988). The purpose of the BRR publication is to act as a framework for planning and timetabling research projects in those fisheries for the next 3 - 5 years, and it is one of the ways that the BRR advises the Department of Primary Industries and Energy on fisheries research needs.Other input by the BRR includes scientific advice to fisheries managers of the Australian Fisheries Service (AFS) as well as the assessing, planning and coordination of research in Commonwealth fisheries.

Life History Aspects of the Hogchoker, Trinectes maculatus, in the Patuxent River Estuary, Maryland

Information is presented on the abundance, distribution and seasonality of hogchoker life history stages in the Patuxent River Estuary. Egg collections indicate that the spawning area is located in the lower river in salinities greater than 9.0 ppt. Following hatching, during July and August, the larvae move upstream and congregate in a low salinity nursery area close to the salt-freshwater interface where they remain during winter. As spring approaches the juveniles move toward the spawning area. These two distinct movements, upstream toward the nursery area in fall and downstream toward the spwaning area in spring, apparently continue at least through the fourth year. As the fish mature they progressively increase their range of travel away from the nursery ground toward higher salinities. Life history activities were determined by monitoring an abundant 1963 year-class using three sampling techniques; meter nets, shallow and deep water trawls. The importance of various segments of the estuary for completion of life history cycle is emphasized.