Deep Relationships Research Articles

Plastid phylogenomics and fossil evidence provide new insights into the evolutionary complexity of the ‘woody clade’ in Saxifragales

BackgroundThe “woody clade” in Saxifragales (WCS), encompassing four woody families (Altingiaceae, Cercidiphyllaceae, Daphniphyllaceae, and Hamamelidaceae), is a phylogenetically recalcitrant node in the angiosperm tree of life, as the interfamilial relationships of the WCS remain contentious. Based on a comprehensive sampling of WCS genera, this study aims to recover a robust maternal backbone phylogeny of the WCS by analyzing plastid genome (plastome) sequence data using Bayesian inference (BI), maximum likelihood (ML), and maximum parsimony (MP) methods, and to explore the possible causes of the phylogenetic recalcitrance with respect to deep relationships within the WCS, in combination with molecular and fossil evidence.ResultsAlthough the four WCS families were identically resolved as monophyletic, the MP analysis recovered different tree topologies for the relationships among Altingiaceae, Cercidiphyllaceae, and Daphniphyllaceae from the ML and BI phylogenies. The fossil-calibrated plastome phylogeny showed that the WCS underwent a rapid divergence of crown groups in the early Cretaceous (between 104.79 and 100.23 Ma), leading to the origin of the stem lineage ancestors of Altingiaceae, Cercidiphyllaceae, Daphniphyllaceae, and Hamamelidaceae within a very short time span (∼4.56 Ma). Compared with the tree topology recovered in a previous study based on nuclear genome data, cytonuclear discordance regarding the interfamilial relationships of the WCS was detected.ConclusionsMolecular and fossil evidence imply that the early divergence of the WCS might have experienced radiative diversification of crown groups, extensive extinctions at the genus and species levels around the Cretaceous/Paleocene boundary, and ancient hybridization. Such evolutionarily complex events may introduce biases in topological estimations within the WCS due to incomplete lineage sorting, cytonuclear discordance, and long-branch attraction, potentially impacting the accurate reconstruction of deep relationships.

Mesozoic: A new interdisciplinary journal for Mesozoic Earth and life evolution

Mesozoic is an interdisciplinary journal dedicated to the study of Earth and life evolution during the Mesozoic Era. Its scope within the geosciences is broad, encompassing disciplines such as stratigraphy, palaeontology, palaeogeography, palaeoclimate, palaeoenvironment, geochronology, sedimentology, geochemistry, palaeomagnetism, and tectonic geology. We encourage interdisciplinary collaboration to explore the deep relationships between biotic evolution and Earth’s surface processes.

Getting tired of your friends: The dynamics of venture capital relationships

We empirically examine how venture capitalists adjust coinvestor relationships over time. We identify a fundamental trade-off where the benefits of familiarity are weighed against the opportunity costs of coinvesting with other syndication partners. Using US data, we find that venture capitalists dynamically adjust their relationship intensities by gradually disengaging from overly deep relationships. More centrally networked investors are more cautious with disengaging. In hot investment markets investors disengage more readily from existing relationships, but new relationships forged in hot market are less enduring. Perhaps surprisingly, we find a negative relationship between deeper prior relationships and investment performance.

Word2Vec and SVM Fusion for Advanced Sentiment Analysis on Amazon Reviews

As a matter of fact, sentiment analysis plays a crucial role in different kinds of reviews for online shopping. With this in mind, this study explores the application of Word2Vec and Support Vector Machine (SVM) in sentiment analysis of Amazon reviews. To be specific, initially, this study conducted preprocessing and feature extraction on a large-scale review dataset, revealing deep semantic relationships between words through the Word2Vec model. Subsequently, this study utilized SVM for model training and optimization, achieving efficient and accurate sentiment classification. According to the analysis, preliminary experimental results indicate that this combined method can effectively capture complex patterns and relationships in the text, demonstrating significant advantages in enhancing the accuracy as well as efficiency of sentiment analysis compared to traditional methods. Overall, these results shed light on providing a powerful tool for e-commerce platforms to understand better and analyze consumer opinions and feelings as well as guiding further exploration.

A novel graph-attention based multimodal fusion network for joint classification of hyperspectral image and LiDAR data

The joint classification of hyperspectral image (HSI) and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data can provide complementary information for each other, which has become a prominent topic in the field of remote sensing. Nevertheless, the common CNN-based fusion techniques still suffer from the following drawbacks. (1) Most of these models omit the correlation and complementarity between different data sources and always fail to model the long-distance dependencies of spectral information well. (2) Simply splicing the multi-source feature embeddings overlooks the deep semantic relationships among them. To tackle these issues, we propose a novel graph-attention based multimodal fusion network (GAMF). Specifically, it employs three major components, including an HSI–LiDAR feature extractor, a graph-attention based fusion module and a classification module. In the feature extraction module, we consider the correlation and complementarity between multi-sensor data by parameter sharing and employ Gaussian tokenization for feature transformation additionally. To address the problem of long-distance dependencies, the deep fusion module utilizes modality-specific tokens to construct an undirected weighted graph, which is essentially a heterogeneous graph. And the deep semantic relationships between them are exploited utilizing a graph-attention based fusion framework. At the end, two fully connected layers classify the fused embeddings. Experiment evaluations on several benchmark HSI–LiDAR datasets (Trento, University of Houston 2013 and MUUFL) show that GAMF achieves more accurate prediction results than some state-of-the-art baselines. The code is available at https://github.com/tyust-dayu/GAMF.

Exploring Multidimensional Embeddings for Decision Support Using Advanced Visualization Techniques

As artificial intelligence has evolved, deep learning models have become important in extracting and interpreting complex patterns from raw multidimensional data. These models produce multidimensional embeddings that, while containing a lot of information, are often not directly understandable. Dimensionality reduction techniques play an important role in transforming multidimensional data into interpretable formats for decision support systems. To address this problem, the paper presents an analysis of dimensionality reduction and visualization techniques that embrace complex data representations and are useful inferences for decision systems. A novel framework is proposed, utilizing a Siamese neural network with a triplet loss function to analyze multidimensional data encoded into images, thus transforming these data into multidimensional embeddings. This approach uses dimensionality reduction techniques to transform these embeddings into a lower-dimensional space. This transformation not only improves interpretability but also maintains the integrity of the complex data structures. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated using a keystroke dynamics dataset. The results support the integration of these visualization techniques into decision support systems. The visualization process not only simplifies the complexity of the data, but also reveals deep patterns and relationships hidden in the embeddings. Thus, a comprehensive framework for visualizing and interpreting complex keystroke dynamics is described, making a significant contribution to the field of user authentication.

Women And Forests In Solidarity: A Multispecies Companionship Case From the Aegean Forests of Turkey

Building on a feminist multispecies perspective, this article examines the interwoven relationships between forest ecosystems and the lives of rural women living along the Aegean coast of Turkey. Ethnographic fieldwork conducted in the Aegean region’s forest settlements between 2018 and 2022 forms the basis of this study. I focus on three ways women highlight their entanglements with forests into weaving conjoined webs of life: First, rural women’s recollections of the forest and their understanding of the forest’s ecosystem are firmly rooted in the ways they have grown up, providing a cultural context for women’s subsequent forest advocacy. Second, rural women have a profound understanding of the edible plants that grow in the forests. Third, because they regularly forage with other women, rural women form deep relationships with other women and with the forests themselves. I show how these three factors—childhood memories, expertise in foraging and forest management, and deep ties of sociality—provide the impetus for rural women to protest deforestation. Such protests are driven by a collective concern for their own well-being, the good of their communities, and for forests.

Implementasi Metode Coaching dalam Supervisi Akademik

This study investigates the impact of coaching methods in academic supervision on the improvement of teacher performance and educational quality in schools (Location: Al-Kautsar Kindergarten, Kartika XX-46 Kindergarten Kendari, Dian Ekawati Kindergarten, and Setara Kids Kindergarten). Through interviews, direct observations, and document analysis, the research reveals that coaching serves not only as a feedback tool but also fosters deep relationships and encourages effective two-way communication between school principals and teachers. Direct observation results indicate that teachers engaged in coaching show increased motivation, self-confidence, and tangible changes in teaching practices. Document analysis supports these findings by identifying measurable changes in teaching practices through the implementation of strategies acquired through coaching. These findings align with previous research literature that emphasizes the effectiveness of coaching in the professional development of teachers and the enhancement of learning quality. In conclusion, coaching methods in academic supervision are not just strategies but a holistic approach that brings positive and measurable impacts on teacher performance and the achievement of educational goals in schools.

Cryogenian Origins of Multicellularity in Archaeplastida.

Earth was impacted by global glaciations during the Cryogenian (720 to 635 million years ago; Ma), events invoked to explain both the origins of multicellularity in Archaeplastida and radiation of the first land plants. However, the temporal relationship between these environmental and biological events is poorly established, due to a paucity of molecular and fossil data, precluding resolution of the phylogeny and timescale of archaeplastid evolution. We infer a time-calibrated phylogeny of early archaeplastid evolution based on a revised molecular dataset and reappraisal of the fossil record. Phylogenetic topology testing resolves deep archaeplastid relationships, identifying two clades of Viridiplantae and placing Bryopsidales as sister to the Chlorophyceae. Our molecular clock analysis infers an origin of Archaeplastida in the late-Paleoproterozoic to early-Mesoproterozoic (1712 to 1387 Ma). Ancestral state reconstruction of cytomorphological traits on this time-calibrated tree reveals many of the independent origins of multicellularity span the Cryogenian, consistent with the Cryogenian multicellularity hypothesis. Multicellular rhodophytes emerged 902 to 655 Ma while crown-Anydrophyta (Zygnematophyceae and Embryophyta) originated 796 to 671 Ma, broadly compatible with the Cryogenian plant terrestrialization hypothesis. Our analyses resolve the timetree of Archaeplastida with age estimates for ancestral multicellular archaeplastids coinciding with the Cryogenian, compatible with hypotheses that propose a role of Snowball Earth in plant evolution.

Pemakaian Bahasa Indonesia Pada Iklan Shopee

This research reveals that the use of Indonesian in Shopee advertising is a relevant strategy and has a positive impact. The accuracy of linguistic context is the main focus, reflecting wise policies in capturing linguistic diversity in Indonesia. Understanding dialects, phrases and linguistic norms in each region is the main key in creating appropriate and relevant messages. Shopee succeeded in tailoring messages well, in depth, and connecting with consumers from various walks of life, creating significant personal closeness. Language diversity in Indonesia is recognized as the key to success, ensuring that Shopee advertising is not only a marketing effort, but also an authentic communication that is close to consumers' daily lives. Linguistic creativity is an important factor in attracting consumer attention. Puns, local humor and creative expressions create marketing messages that are interesting, entertaining and different from competitors. This creativity is not only a sweetening element, but also an effective strategy in building a positive, attractive and educational brand image. Shopee has successfully utilized Indonesian creatively, not only as a shopping platform, but also as a provider of entertaining and attention-grabbing content. This relevance is not just a communication tool, but also the foundation for building deep and meaningful relationships with consumers in diverse markets. This research highlights that Indonesian is not just words, but a force that can shape feelings, win the hearts of consumers, and create a positive impact in the world of e-commerce.

Dogs and foxes; filmmaking to wild the domestic and domesticate the wild

ABSTRACT In this co-written article creative practice researchers Christine Rogers (CR) and Liz Burke (LB) explicate their reasons for, processes, and outcomes of filming animals. Christine filmed the wild foxes who inhabited her Belfast garden. She set up a wildlife camera, gaining an up-close encounter with these shy strangers, and hoping through this, to create a sense of belonging for herself, a stranger to Northern Ireland. Liz filmed her two whippets, Agnes and then Zelda, to uncover the mysterious connections in the deep relationships between herself and her dogs. Both understand the ethical dilemmas of such filming and seek to make sense of this. Both adhere to Donna Haraway’s call to enter into a complex dance with the other. Christine cedes control of the shooting and with her decolonising ethos she explores the tricky idea of reciprocity. Liz chooses to cede control in the editing as she works with a complexity-generating programme Korsakow. For Christine, belonging is created, and it becomes clear that she must remain a stranger to the foxes, no matter her desire for an intimate connection. Her desire for reciprocity also remains unmet. For Liz, belonging is not so much created as revealed by the strength of the connection between herself and her dogs.

Surface ocean biogeochemistry and deep ocean circulation control relationships between nutrient-type trace metals (Cd, Ni, Cu, and Zn) and nutrients in the South Atlantic Ocean near the subtropical front

The ocean region along the latitude of 40°S in the South Atlantic, characterized by enhanced primary productivity, forms a transition zone between the nutrient replete but iron depleted Southern Ocean, and the nitrate and iron depleted Subtropical Gyre. Here, we present distributions of nutrient-type dissolved and particulate trace metals (dTMs and pTMs) including cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in the South Atlantic from the GEOTRACES GA10 cruises. Phytoplankton uptake, riverine and atmospheric inputs shaped dTM and pTM concentrations in surface waters (dCd 27.8 ± 36.0 pmol kg−1, n = 222; dCu 0.732 ± 0.429 nmol kg−1, n = 222; dNi 3.38 ± 0.52 nmol kg−1, n = 219; dZn 0.332 ± 0.398 nmol kg−1, n = 214). Subsurface nutrients and dTMs (dCd 563 ± 184 pmol kg−1, n = 335; dCu 1.819 ± 0.773 nmol kg−1, n = 334; dNi 6.19 ± 1.06 nmol kg−1, n = 330; dZn 3.71 ± 2.10 nmol kg−1, n = 333) were controlled by the mixing of Antarctic origin waters and North Atlantic Deep Waters (NADW) with negligible contributions from local remineralization. Dissolved and particulate TMs in the Argentine Basin showed elevated concentrations towards the seafloor because of benthic inputs. Direct hydrothermal inputs of dTMs and pTMs to deep waters were not observed along the transect. The Cd-Cu-Zn-phosphate stoichiometries of Antarctic origin waters were set by a combination of dynamic physical circulation and preferential uptake of Cd, Cu, and Zn relative to phosphate in surface waters because of a dominance by diatoms in the Southern Ocean. Water mass mixing subsequently produced convoluted dCu-P and dZn-P relationships and apparent linear dCd-P and dNi-P relationships in the South Atlantic. More importantly, endmember characteristics of Antarctic waters and NADW are largely fixed in their formation regions in high latitude oceans. Therefore, the highly dynamic high latitude oceans are key regions that supply nutrients and TMs at specific ratios to low latitude oceans via the thermohaline circulation. Changes to processes in the high latitude oceans may have consequences for marine primary productivity downstream, and hence the global carbon cycle.

A New Graph Autoencoder-Based Multi-level Kernel Subspace Fusion Framework for Single-cell Type Identification.

The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology offers the opportunity to conduct biological research at the cellular level. Single-cell type identification based on unsupervised clustering is one of the fundamental tasks of scRNA-seq data analysis. Although many single-cell clustering methods have been developed recently, few can fully exploit the deep potential relationships between cells, resulting in suboptimal clustering. In this paper, we propose scGAMF, a graph autoencoder-based multi-level kernel subspace fusion framework for scRNA-seq data analysis. Based on multiple top feature sets, scGAMF unifies deep feature embedding and kernel space analysis into a single framework to learn an accurate clustering affinity matrix. First, we construct multiple top feature sets to avoid the high variability caused by single feature set learning. Second, scGAMF uses a graph autoencoder (GAEs) to extract deep information embedded in the data, and learn embeddings including gene expression patterns and cell-cell relationships. Third, to fully explore the deep potential relationships between cells, we design a multi-level kernel space fusion strategy. This strategy uses a kernel expression model with adaptive similarity preservation to learn a self-expression matrix shared by all embedding spaces of a given feature set, and a consensus affinity matrix across multiple top feature sets. Finally, the consensus affinity matrix is used for spectral clustering, visualization, and identification of gene markers. Extensive validation on real datasets shows that scGAMF achieves higher clustering accuracy than many popular single-cell analysis methods.

Narratives, Sensemaking, and Didactic Relationships in Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship Education.

To understand what longitudinal integrated clerkship (LIC) participants found meaningful and valuable about their experiences while grounded in a communicated narrative sensemaking (CNSM) framework. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a cohort of 3 LIC students and 7 of their 12 preceptors. Interviews were designed to elicit narratives ie time-ordered accounts of events, experiences, or reflections. Narratives were identified and coded to understand aspects of experiences. Participants made sense of their experiences by narrating stories of LIC length allowing relationships to grow over time in a way that gave students a holistic perspective on patient care, built deep relationships between students and preceptors, and grew student confidence. Participants value longitudinal integration in LICs because it allows for unique perspectives on patient care and builds deep meaningful mentor relationships with preceptors. Relationships in LICs must be managed carefully because much LIC learning is facilitated by relationships. The clerkship is a crucial aspect of medical education of which sense will be made by physicians during their whole lives.

The influence of psychological separation on the development of value-sense sphere of adolescents

The article examines in detail the concept of separation from the point of view of various psychological theories. We can conclude that separation is a complex and complex process that occurs individually, depending on the personal characteristics of family members, the characteristics of the family system, the age and gender of the child, and is based on long-term deep trusting relationships. Let us dwell on the study of the types and types of separation. Separation is a natural process that is necessary for the development of a healthy personality. However, it is important to remember that this does not mean cutting yourself off from your parents for life. Some connection with parents may remain important to a person throughout his life. It is important to find a balance between independence and connection with family. In general, psychological separation is a necessary stage in the development of a teenager, but its influence on the value-semantic sphere can be ambiguous. It is important that parents help their children through this process and try to maintain open and understanding communication with them. The separation process begins in adolescence and can continue throughout adulthood. Its main goal is to form a personality capable of independent decision-making and responsibility for their actions.

The Sound of Silence: Metaphors of Childhood, Disability, and Incommunicability in Italian Children’s Literature

Abstract: The article aims to highlight some recurring trends in disability representation in Italian contemporary children’s literature. In particular, after a brief excursus of the major changes that occurred in editorial production at the end of the twentieth century, the article focuses on the similarities between the condition of disability and childhood, both bearers of otherness in the conventional adult world and in a liminality position within society. Contemporary children’s authors seem to start from this assumption and repeatedly write stories on special encounters between characters with disabilities and children. In these delicate narratives, in a romantic projection, only the younger ones prove they are able to create deep relationships based on unconditional acceptance of diversity and the ability to bond beyond words—both elements that adults seem to lack. The topic of incommunicability returns, especially, in picture-books and is expressed through powerful iconographic and literary metaphors. Some of these are inspired by certain popular Italian expressions and recur very frequently, in different ways, within children’s literature, such as allusive references to the aquatic world, intended as the silent realm par excellence.

Vicissitudini dell’identità sessuale in adolescenza: note pedagogiche

The article proposes to carry out some considerations on the theme of sexual identity in adolescence in the present time of our western society, according to some pedagogical notes. Sexual identity is assumed to be the fulcrum of personal identity, which develops throughout the life cycle and is affected by a series of determinants. Taking up the Laufer concept of definitive sexual organization, it is argued that the vicissitudes of sexual identity in the adolescent period are linked to the first infantile educational relationships, as well as to the adolescent's ability to oppose the pathological pressures of the social group and of today's to consume. Overall, these pressures configure a new social superego or set of social pathologies against which it is difficult for the individual to rebel. In the article there follows a reference to the theme of bullying in adolescence, which much depends on deep-level anxieties about the sexual identity of bully and victim, and which tends towards the exclusion and marginalization of those who do not embody the ideal of power in the group of membership. Finally, the topic of a wide-ranging sex education is addressed, capable of speaking to the adolescent mind with clear explanations open to complexity, and which focuses on the ability to develop deep human relationships throughout life. as the basis of a model of formation of the person and of a pedagogical ideal of emancipation which remains substantially topical. In this light, a mention is made of the psychic pain that still afflicts many homosexual adolescents in our society and of the naturalness of homosexuality.

A barátságkaraván jelensége és jelentősége az életben

The Phenomenon of the Caravan of Friendship and Its Importance in Life. In this academic essay, I invite the reader to think about our human relationships, our friendships: who are the supporters and allies in our lives? How are friendships born and why do they fade away? What do we need to strengthen our friendships and to become people who are seen as supporters by others? The way we make friends throughout our lives depends on our personality, our gender, our age, and our socio-cultural environment. Our network of relationships needs to include family, friends, home, and work. Our network of friends may also change from time to time, for example, when we move to a new place or change jobs. As the distances between connections increase, so do the number of people with whom we can no longer have deeper relationships. In this paper, we look at the basic dynamics of relationships and how friendship patterns change with age. The paper concludes with a brief theological reflection on friendship. Keywords: friendship, socio-cultural environment, network of relationships, dynamics of relationships

Social Distancing Membawa dampak Terhadap Interaksi Sosial di Masyarakat

Social distancing as a measure to prevent the spread of disease has significantly changed the paradigm of social interaction in society. The impact is visible in various aspects of daily life, including interpersonal relationships, social activities, and community dynamics. This research discusses the impact of social distancing on social interactions in society. First, social distancing practices change the way individuals communicate. Physical restrictions have caused a shift from face-to-face interactions to virtual interactions via digital platforms. Although technology has made connectivity possible, some people have difficulty expressing emotions and building deep relationships in virtual environments. Second, social distancing also affects people's social life. Social events which are usually places for meetings and cultural exchanges have had to be canceled or adjusted to comply with health protocol regulations. This can cause a breakdown in social ties and a lack of sense of solidarity among community members. Apart from that, the economic impact can also be felt socially. Restrictions on economic activities result in reduced incomes and increased uncertainty, which can trigger stress and tension in social relationships. Economically vulnerable groups of society suffer more from these restrictions. In this context, it is important for society to find new ways to establish and maintain healthy social relationships. Strengthening virtual communication, innovation in social activities, and mental support are the keys to overcoming the negative impact of social distancing on social interactions in society. Adopting a qualitative approach, this research involves in-depth interviews, participant observation, and social media content analysis to understand changes in interaction patterns as social distancing is implemented. Key findings include paradigm shifts in forms of social interaction, psychological impacts on individuals, and adaptation strategies used by society to maintain connectivity. The results of this research provide in-depth insight into the dynamics of social change amidst the pandemic, providing a basis for formulating better policies in dealing with similar situations in the future. By documenting people's experiences, this research has the potential to contribute to our collective understanding of social adaptation during crises in society.

Where the joy comes from: a qualitative exploration of deep GP-patient relationships

BackgroundRelationship-based, whole person care is foundational to quality general practice. Previous research has identified several characteristics of deep General Practitioner (GP)-patient relationships and their association with improved patient concordance, satisfaction and perceived health outcomes. Psychological attachment theory has been used to understand therapeutic relationships, but has only been explored to a limited extent in the general practice context. Additionally, evolving changes in sociocultural and commercial practice contexts may threaten relationship-based care. In view of this, we aimed to explore the nature and experience of deep GP-patient relationships, as identified by patients, from GP and patient perspectives.MethodsSemi-structured interview design. An initial survey assessed patients’ perceived depth of their relationship with their GP, using the Health Care Provider Attachment Figure Survey and Patient-Doctor Depth of Relationship Scale. Patients who reported a deep relationship, and their GPs, were purposively selected for individual interviews exploring their experience of these relationships. A post-interview survey assessed interviewees’ attachment styles, using the Modified and Brief Experiences in Close Relationships Scale. Patient interviewees also rated the patient-centredness of their GP’s clinic using the Person-Centred Primary Care Measure. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThirteen patients and five GPs were interviewed. Four themes characterised deep relationships: the ‘professional’; human connection; trust; and ‘above and beyond’. Patient, GP and practice team all contributed to their cultivation.ConclusionsWe present a revised conceptual framework of deep GP-patient relationships. Deep relationships come to the fore in times of patient trouble. Like attachment relationships, they provide a sense of safety, caring and support for patients experiencing vulnerability. They can stretch GP boundaries and capacity for self-care, but also provide joy and vocational satisfaction. Patients may not always desire or need deep relationships with their GP. However, findings highlight the importance of enabling and cultivating these for times of patient hardship, and challenges of doing so within current healthcare climates.