Decreasing Cluster Size Research Articles

Surface dynamics and electrochemical examination of Co3O4 films by iron doping

This study focused on Co3O4 films, which were prepared by cost-effective chemical bath deposition on In:SnO2 (ITO) substrates with iron doping concentrations ranging from 2 to 6 mol %. Structural properties were investigated by XRD as well as nanotexture of Fe: Co3O4 films was captured via SEM and detailed fractal analysis was analyzed in each prepared film. Effective using of prepared Fe: Co3O4 electrodes for electrochemical charge storage applications has been examined by using CV and EIS. From x-ray patterns, spinel cubic structure of Co3O4 was observed in all samples, while peaks with Co2O3 and substrate indexed peaks were also shown. Pure and iron doped Co3O4 surfaces have spherical agglomerative forms while porous structures were observed in 4% Co3O4 samples. Redox peaks induced by Faradaic reactions in the CV plots present pseudo- capacitive nature for all electrodes and improves charge transfer process in 4% Co3O4 and 6% Co3O4 from EIS measurements. Additionally, using scaling theory, the coverage ratio, fractal dimensions, cluster sizes and interface critical exponent values of the superficial hetero morphology of the samples are calculated. While the coating rate decreases according to the iron concentration, fractal dimensions increase. However, as the number of clusters increases, the average cluster size decreases. The interface critical exponent value shows an irregular change.

The Effect of Global and Local Chemical Reactivity Descriptors in the Determination of Properties of Transition Metal Clusters

Recently, research on material properties has got lots of attention because of their promising technological applications. In this paper, the author’s focus is on the global and local chemical reactivity descriptors of some transition metal clusters. In addition, the author also include findings of chemical properties with reactivity descriptors. Furthermore, according to Thomas–Fermi approximation and from the exact formulation of Density Functional Theory by Hohenberg and Kohn’s theorem, the author introduce electronegativity and the theory of hardness and softness for further investigation of chemical properties of the clusters. As a part of investigations, the author also introduce the Fukui functions with an emphasis for the determinations of chemical reactivity descriptors. All the results are obtained by theoretical investigation of electronegativity), Chemical potential (), chemical hardness (), and polarizability () of the given transition metal clusters (Cr and Mn). From the results, the author observed that the ionization potential of the clusters increases with decreasing cluster size as the clusters become more stable and tend towards chemical inertness. In conclusion, determination of the reactivity descriptors of the transition metal clusters show results that are in line with previous experimental and theoretical findings.

A study on the structures and primary reaction products of kerogens in Longkou oil shale with different densities through supercritical ethanolysis

The difference in the density of oil shale significantly affects the structural characteristics of the kerogen, which brings the change in the pyrolysis behavior, thus leading to different retorting oil yields. The primary reaction (the cleavage of weak covalent bonds into free radicals) in the pyrolysis of oil shale greatly affects the retorting oil yield and quality. In this work, the structural characteristics and primary reaction products of the kerogens in Longkou oil shale (LKOS) with three different densities (<1.3, 1.4 − 1.5, 1.8 − 1.9 g/cm3) were investigated by supercritical ethanolysis, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The weak covalent bonds in the kerogens were broken by ethanolysis at 350 °C to obtain small molecular substances (SMSs) with the carbon conversions of 28 %, 47 % and 54 %, respectively. The SMSs can be divided into aliphatic acid esters, aromatics, alkanes and N-containing organic compounds (NCCs). Among the SMSs, the relative contents of the aliphatic acid esters, whose aliphatic chain lengths distribute in C3-C23, C1-C24 and C1-C28, are the highest. The aromatics are mainly monocyclic, and the NCCs mainly exist as amines. The possible pathways for these ethanolysis products were proposed. The 13C NMR and FTIR analyses of the kerogens and their ethanolysis residues show that the aliphaticity (fal) and average methylene chain length (Cn) increase, while the aromaticity (fa) and average aromatic cluster size (Xb) decrease with the increasing oil shale density. After ethanolysis, the value of fa gradually increases, while that of fal and Cn decrease. Furthermore, the contents of C=O and O-C=O decrease, while that of O-C-O and C-OH increase. The results suggest that the SMSs are connected to the kerogen matrix by weak covalent bonds. The cleavage of C=O, O-C=O and C-O bonds dominates the early stage of the oil shale pyrolysis. During the pyrolysis of oil shale, these weak covalent bonds are first broken and the above SMSs are the most primary reaction products and then undergo the second reactions to yield oil and gas.

Decomposition of methanol-d4 on Rh nanoclusters supported by thin-film Al2O3/NiAl(100) under near-ambient-pressure conditions.

The decomposition of methanol-d4 (CD3OD) on Rh nanoclusters grown by the deposition of Rh vapors onto an ordered thin film of Al2O3/NiAl(100) was studied, with various surface-probe techniques and largely under near-ambient-pressure (NAP) conditions. The results showed a superior reactivity of small Rh clusters (diameter < 1.5 nm) exposed to CD3OD at 5 × 10-3-0.1 mbar at 400 K; the gaseous production of CO and D2 from decomposed methanol-d4 per Rh surface site on the small Rh clusters with diameters of ∼1.1 nm was nearly 8 times that on large ones with diameters of ∼3.5 nm. The promotion of reactivity with decreased cluster size under NAP conditions was evidently greater than that under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Moreover, the concentration of atomic carbon (C*; where * denotes adsorbate)-a key catalyst poisoner-yielded from the dissociation of CO* from dehydrogenated methanol-d4 was significantly smaller on small clusters (diameter < 1.5 nm). The NAP size effect on methanol-d4 decomposition involved the surface hydroxyl (OH*) from the little co-adsorbed water (H2O*) that was dissociated at a probability dependent on the cluster size. H2O* was more likely dissociated into OH* on small Rh clusters, by virtue of their more reactive d-band structure, and the OH* then effectively promoted the O-D cleavage of methanol-d4, as the rate-determining step, and thus the reaction probability; on the other hand, the OH* limited CO* dissociation on small Rh clusters via both adsorbate and lateral effects. These results suggest that the superior properties of small Rh clusters in both reactivity and anti-poisoning would persist and be highly applicable under "real-world" catalysis conditions.

Collision-sticking rates of acid–base clusters in the gas phase determined from atomistic simulation and a novel analytical interacting hard-sphere model

Abstract. Kinetics of collision-sticking processes between vapor molecules and clusters of low-volatility compounds govern the initial steps of atmospheric new particle formation. Conventional non-interacting hard-sphere models underestimate the collision rate by neglecting long-range attractive forces, and the commonly adopted assumption that every collision leads to the formation of a stable cluster (unit mass accommodation coefficient) is questionable for small clusters, especially at elevated temperatures. Here, we present a generally applicable analytical interacting hard-sphere model for evaluating collision rates between molecules and clusters, accounting for long-range attractive forces. In the model, the collision cross section is calculated based on an effective molecule–cluster potential, derived using Hamaker's approach. Applied to collisions of sulfuric acid or dimethylamine with neutral bisulfate–dimethylammonium clusters composed of 1–32 dimers, our new model predicts collision rates 2–3 times higher than the non-interacting model for small clusters, while decaying asymptotically to the non-interacting limit as cluster size increases, in excellent agreement with a collision-rate-theory atomistic molecular dynamics simulation approach. Additionally, we calculated sticking rates and mass accommodation coefficients (MACs) using atomistic molecular dynamics collision simulations. For sulfuric acid, a MAC ≈1 is observed for collisions with all cluster sizes at temperatures between 200 and 400 K. For dimethylamine, we find that MACs decrease with increasing temperature and decreasing cluster size. At low temperatures, the MAC ≈1 assumption is generally valid, but at elevated temperatures MACs can drop below 0.2 for small clusters.

Ligand and solvent effects on the absorption spectra of CdS magic-sized clusters.

The absorption spectra of congenetic wurtzite (WZ) and zincblende (ZB) CdS magic-sized clusters are investigated. We demonstrate that the exciton peak positions can be tuned by up to 500meV by varying the strong coupling between X-type ligands and the semiconductor cores, while the addition of L-type ligands primarily affects cluster midgap states. When Z-type ligands are displaced by L-type ligands, red shifts in the absorption spectra are observed, despite the fact there is a small decrease in cluster size. Density functional theory calculations are used to explain these findings and they reveal the importance of Cd and S dangling bonds on the midgap states during the Z- to L-type ligand exchange process. Overall, ZB CdS clusters show higher chemical stability than WZ clusters but their optical properties exhibit greater sensitivity to the solvent. Conversely, WZ CdS clusters are not stable in a Lewis base-rich environment, resulting in various changes in their spectra. Our findings enable researchers to select capping ligands that modulate the optical properties of semiconductor clusters while maintaining precise control over their solvent interactions.

Transition from monolayer-thick 2D to 3D nano-clusters on α-Al2O3(0001).

This paper reports on the long-standing puzzle of the atomic structure of the Ag/α-Al2O3(0001) interface by combining X-ray absorption spectroscopy, to determine Ag local environment [i.e. average Ag-Ag (dAg-Ag) and Ag-O (dAg-O) interatomic distances and Ag coordination numbers (CN)], and numerical simulations on nanometric-sized particles. The experimental key was the capability of a structural study of clusters involving only a few atoms. The concomitant decrease of dAg-Ag and CN with decreasing cluster size provides unambiguous fingerprints for the dimensionality of the Ag clusters in the subnanometric regime leading to a series of unexpected results regarding the size-dependent interface structures. At low coverage, Ag atoms sit on surface Al sites to form buckled monolayer-thick islands associated with a Ag-Ag distance (2.75 Å) which fits the alumina lattice. Upon increasing Ag coverage, as 3D clusters appear, the Ag interface atoms tend to leave Al sites to sit atop O atoms as dAg-Ag increases. The then highlighted size-dependent evolution, is built on structural models which seemed so far contradictory in a static vision of the interface. Theory generalizes the case as it predicts the existence of alumina-supported 2D clusters of Pd and Pt at small coverage and a similar 2D-3D transition upon increasing the size. The structural transformation from 2D Ag clusters to macroscopic 3D islands is accompanied by a noticeable reduction of adhesion energy at the Ag/α-Al2O3(0001) interface.

Theoretical exploration of the structural evolution of sodium sulfide clusters in Na-S batteries

The nanosized sodium sulfide species greatly enhance the performance of Na-S batteries. However, as a typical ionic compound, the diminished stability with decreasing cluster size has been rarely considered. Numerous theoretical works only simulated the Na-S binary system based on quite small sodium sulfide clusters, with no account of the stability of the sub-nanoscale cluster. Here, by using an advanced structure search algorithm, we built a binary phase diagram of the sodium sulfide clusters (NSCs). The commonly studied monomer model with low sulfur concentrations is indeed energetically unfavorable, especially for the final discharge product, the Na2S monomer. Therefore, the aggregation of monomers should take place to form multimers. According to the energy, charge, and geometry, relatively stable clusters with low sulfur concentrations are located, including (Na2S5)2, (Na2S4)2, (Na2S3)3, (Na2S2)4, and (Na2S)6 clusters. Furthermore, these multimers bind more intensely to four typical models of carbon-based substrates. The B-doped carbon material exhibits outstanding affinity to NSCs, which may facilitate overcoming the shuttle effect in applications. This work represents a significant step toward understanding the evolution mechanism of NSCs that may guide the future development of high-performance Na-S batteries.

Influence of Sample Gas Humidity on Product Ion Formation in High Kinetic Energy Ion Mobility Spectrometry (HiKE-IMS).

High Kinetic Energy Ion Mobility Spectrometers (HiKE-IMS) chemically ionize gaseous samples via reactant ions and separate the generated ions by their motion in a neutral gas under the influence of an electric field. Operation at reduced pressures of 10-40 mbar allows for reaching high reduced electric field strengths (E/N) of up to 120 Td. At these high E/N, the generated ions gain the namesake high kinetic energies, leading to a decrease in cluster size of the reactant ions by increasing the reaction rate of collision-induced cluster dissociation of hydrates. In positive ion polarity and in purified air, H3O+(H2O)n, NO+(H2O)n, and O2+•(H2O)p are the most abundant reactant ions. In this work, we investigate the effect of varying sample gas humidity on product ion formation for several model substances. Results show that increasing the sample gas humidity at high E/N of 120 Td shifts product ion formation from a charge transfer dominated reaction system to a proton transfer dominated reaction system. For HiKE-IMS operated at high E/N, the reduction in cluster size of reactant ions allows ionization of analytes with low proton affinity even at high relative humidity in the sample gas of RH = 75% at 303.15 K and 1013.25 hPa. In contrast to conventional IMS, where increasing the sample gas humidity inhibits ionization for various analytes, increasing sample gas humidity in HiKE-IMS operated at 120 Td is actually beneficial for ionization yield of most analytes investigated in this work as it increases the number of H3O+(H2O)n.

Development of MgO nanoparticles via green synthesis at varying concentrations of precursor and mahua flower extract

Green synthesis process has been developed to produce MgO nanoparticles using wet chemical method. In this process, Madhuca longifolia (M. longifolia) flower extracts has been used as a reducing and stabilizing agent and magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is used as a metal precursor. This study exhibits the effect of varied concentrations of metal precursors and flower extracts on the shape and size of the MgO nanoparticles. FTIR, UV vis spectroscopy, SEM, EDS and HRTEM analysis have been carried out to identify the functional groups involved in the reduction process, confirmation of MgO nanoparticles, morphological and elemental analysis of the MgO nanoparticles respectively. The results confirmed the presence of spherical MgO nanoparticles decorated over the surface of MgO microclusters. It is observed that the varying concentration of flower extracts and precursor have a profound effect on morphology of the nanoparticles resulting in the decrease in cluster size with the increase in extract concentration. The nanoparticles were also tested for the presence of antibacterial activity against the bacterial species of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

Effect of anionic surfactant on dispersibility and luminescence of silicon carbide nanotubes

We investigated the relationship between the dispersibility and optical properties of silicon carbide nanotubes (SiCNTs). By dissolving the aggregation of SiCNTs using sodium cholate as an anionic surfactant, the cluster size decreased and the dispersibility improved with the increasing surfactant concentration. The macroscopic and microscopic photoluminescence properties were evaluated using excitation lights with variable spot size. The emission intensity of SiCNTs increased with the decreasing cluster size, owing to the improvement of the dispersibility, and the emission intensity of the well-dispersed SiCNTs increased superlinearly with the excitation density. These results indicate the presence of SiCNTs that recombine non-radiatively in the cluster, and the effect of their NTs is suppressed as the cluster size is reduced.

Kinematic Viscosity and Electrical Resistivity of a Multicomponent Melt due to Liquid–Liquid Structure Transition

We investigated the kinematic viscosity and electrical resistivity of the multicomponent Fe74Cu1Nb1.5Mo1.5B8.5Si13.5 melt during three heating–cooling cycles. The temperature dependence of kinematic viscosity and electrical resistivity have the anomalous zones in the same temperature range and they are associated with the liquid–liquid structure transition (LLST). The anomalies were explained by changes in the activation energy and the cluster size. As the cluster size decreases, the activation energy decreases, but the viscosity and electrical resistance increase. LLST begins with the cluster dissolution, and as a result, the Arrhenius plot becomes nonlinear in the transition temperature range. After three cycles of heating–cooling, the temperature dependences of the kinematic viscosity and electrical resistance did not qualitatively change, and this allows us to conclude that LLST is thermoreversible. With an increase in the number of thermal cycles, the activation energy of viscous flow decreases, as well as the onset temperature and temperature range of LLST.

Effect of melt superheat treatment on solidification behavior and microstructure of new Ni–Co based superalloy

A new type of Ni–Co based superalloy was prepared by vacuum induction melting (VIM), and the effects of superheat on element distribution, dendrite segregation, and solidification microstructure refinement of the new Ni–Co based superalloy are revealed. The effect of solidification structure treatment under different conditions was quantitatively studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA). The results indicated that the nucleation undercooling increased and the crystallization temperature interval decreased with the rise of the melt temperature; As the superheat temperature rised, the size of the phase was refined; the secondary dendrite arm spacing of the alloy decreased continuously; and the dendritic segregation of the alloy decreased. It was found that the critical temperature of melting energy for the new Ni–Co based superalloy clusters is about 1550 °C. The maximum positive segregation element of the new Ni–Co-based superalloy is Ti, and the maximum negative segregation element is W; When the temperature increased from 1450 °C to 1600 °C, the segregation coefficient of Ti increased from 0.54 to 0.63, and the segregation coefficient of W decreased from 1.9 to 1.5. When the superheat was increased, the atomic cluster size decreases, and the effect of refining the solidification structure of the new Ni–Co-based superalloy is more significant.

Kinematic Viscosity ofMulticomponent FeCuNbSiB-BasedMelts.

The work investigated the temperature dependences of the kinematic viscosity for multicomponent melts of nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys. It is shown that there is a linear relationship between the reduced activation energy of viscous flow Ea·(RT)−1 and the pre-exponential factor ν0. This ratio is universal for all quantities, the temperature dependence of which is expressed by the Arrhenius equation. It is shown that the activation energy of a viscous flow is linearly related to the cluster size on a natural logarithmic scale, and the melt viscosity increases with decreasing cluster size. The change in the Arrhenius plot in the anomalous zone on the temperature dependence of viscosity can be interpreted as a liquid–liquid structure transition, which begins with the disintegration of clusters and ends with the formation of a new cluster structure.

Variation of the optical properties with size and composition of small, isolated Cdx Sey + clusters.

Global energy minimum structures and optoelectronic properties are presented for isolated Cdx Sey + clusters with x + y ≤ 26. The compositional- and size-dependent variation of optical, electronic and geometric properties is systematically studied within the framework of ground state and time-dependent density functional theory. The applied methods are justified by benchmarks with experimental data. It is shown that the optical gap can be tuned by more than 2 eV by only changing the composition for a fixed number of atoms. The stoichiometric species reveal an unexpected size-dependent behavior in comparison to larger colloidal CdSe quantum dots, that is, a redshift of the optical gap was observed with decreasing cluster size in contrast to predictions by quantum-size effects. This unexpected result is discussed in detail taking the positive charge of the clusters into account.

Oxophilicity Drives Oxygen Transfer at a Palladium–Silver Interface for Increased CO Oxidation Activity

A single-layer AgOx phase grown on Ag(111) efficiently transfers oxygen to Pd domains at room temperature, rendering the Pd-decorated surface highly reactive toward CO oxidation. Oxygen transfer from AgOx to Pd and the surface reactivity toward CO were investigated as a function of the Pd coverage using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, surface infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed CO, temperature-programmed reaction spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our results show that all of the oxygen from the AgOx layer (∼0.375 monolayer) migrates to the surface of Pd during formation of a nearly complete Pd bilayer at 300 K and that the oxygen coverages generated on Pd increase as the Pd cluster size decreases, reaching values that exceed the oxygen concentration in the AgOx layer by as much as a factor of 2. Experimental measurements and DFT calculations show that preferential binding of oxygen on the edges of the Pd clusters enhances the oxygen coverage on Pd clusters of decreasing size and produces a heterogeneous spatial distribution of oxygen. CO adsorbs in high coverages at 100 K by binding on both the terraces and O-rich edges of the Pd clusters. During subsequent heating, oxidation of the adsorbed CO consumes nearly all of the oxygen that transferred from AgOx to the Pd domains; in contrast, the pure AgOx layer exhibits limited reactivity toward CO adsorbed at 100 K. These results demonstrate that differences in oxophilicity drive facile oxygen transfer from Ag to the edges of Pd nanoclusters and thereby give rise to an efficient pathway for CO oxidation on bimetallic PdAg surfaces. The cooperation between the Pd and Ag domains results in near-interfacial chemistry that may be broadly important in catalysis by bimetallic alloys.

Kinematic Viscosity of Melt Prepared from an Amorphous Fe72.5Cu1Nb2Mo1.5Si14B9 Ribbon

In this work, the viscosity of a melt prepared by melting an amorphous ribbon of Fe72.5Cu1Nb2Mo1.5Si14B9 alloy was studied. The amorphous ribbon was produced by rapid quenching of the melt, which was preheated at a temperature above (overheated mode) and below (not overheated mode) critical temperature Tk . A hysteresis loop was found in the temperature dependence of viscosity, the widest part of which falls on a temperature from 1670 K to Tk = 1760 K. In this temperature range, the melt has the highest activation energy and the largest cluster size. It has been proven that the melt viscosity increases with decreasing cluster size. In the low-temperature region, an overheated melt has the highest viscosity and the smallest cluster size comparable to the atomic size. It is shown that the heredity of the structure is preserved in the melt from the amorphous ribbon despite a number of structural transitions.

The Supramolecular Organization and Surface Morphology of Films of Poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) with Different Configurational Compositions

The structure of the films of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP) with different configurational compositions (the concentration of cis-units of 40 to 80%) is analyzed in this study. The combination of X-ray diffraction analysis and atomic force microscopy makes it possible to reveal the peculiarities of the supramolecular organization and morphology of PTMSP films. The diffraction patterns of PTMSP films indicate an increase in the ordering of the supramolecular organization in the case of an increase in the concentration of cis-units, and the value of the characteristic interchain distance in PTMSP films does not depend on the fraction of cis-units. According to the data of atomic force microscopy, the surface of PTMSP films is characterized by the presence of cluster-like formations the size of which decreases with the increase in the concentration of cis-units (from 18.3 nm for PTMSP with the concentration of the cis-units of 40% to 6.8 nm for PTMSP with the concentration of cis-units of 80%). The decrease in permeability coefficients for O2 and N2 with an increase in the concentration of cis-units in PTMSP correlates with the increase in the ordering of the supramolecular organization and decrease in cluster size. The performed study shows that the structural features of the PTMSP films may be due to the effect of both the configurational composition of macrochains and relaxation processes accompanying the formation of a film obtained by evaporation on a substrate.

Dynamic light scattering in concentrated polyacrylamide solutions

Concentrated aqueous solutions of polyacrylamide were prepared by free radical polymerization, using ammonium persulfate as initiator, with different initiator/acrylamide mass ratios. The increase in initiator/acrylamide mass ratio resulted in two effects: a slight increase in conversion and a decrease in molecular weight (characterized as a decrease in intrinsic viscosity). Calculation of dimensionless concentration indicated that all polyacrylamide solutions were in the concentrated regime, in which solubilized macromolecules are described as highly interpenetrated solubilized coils. Intensity correlation function from dynamic light scattering experiments showed random motion could be bound to slow-mode and fast-mode relaxation processes. Fast-mode characteristic relaxation rate clearly seemed to be related to an Arrhenius-type activated process, while slow-mode characteristic relaxation rate had a more complex behavior, which was described as a consequence of two concurrent effects as temperature increased: decrease of macromolecular cluster sizes, resultant from breakage of intermacromolecular interactions, and increase in macromolecular dimensions, resultant from breakage of intramacromolecular interactions.

Cytotoxic effect of unclassified group K rotaviruses on T98G and U87MG glioblastoma cells in vitro.

e15597 Background: Oncolytic virotherapy is developing intensively in modern oncology. Viruses demonstrate the ability to the direct oncolysis and to the stimulation of antitumor immune activity; this experiment was aimed at solving the question of the prevalence of one of them. Glial tumors are the most common brain tumors; oncolytic viruses show certain prospects in their treatment due to the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The aim of the study was to determine the possible oncolytic effect of new unclassified group K rotaviruses (RVK) on T98G and U87MG glioblastoma cells in vitro. Methods: T98G and U87MG cell cultures were received from Russian banks of cell lines of human and animal tissues. Standard culturing was performed with attenuated apatogenic RVK strains No. 100 and No. 228 at a concentration of 108, 107, 106 and 105 particles/mL. The cytotoxic effect was determined with MTT and Annexin V assays, cell morphology was evaluated by the light-optical method. Results: Both RVK strains demonstrated a dose-dependent cytotoxic activity; the maximal effect was observed in strain No.100 at a dose of 108 particles/mL on U87MG cells (predominantly apoptosis). Studies of cell morphology showed a pronounced effect of RVK on the cell culture: significant degenerative changes in cells, a tendency to a decrease in cluster size, a change in their shape and granularity. Cluster formation in culturing in the serum-free medium is considered in the literature as a property of cancer stem cells responsible in vivo for tumor recurrence and its chemo- and radio-resistance. T98G cells demonstrated morphological changes: nuclear segmentation, diffused cytoplasm, indistinct cell borders with signs of syncytium formation. Conclusions: The established oncolytic effect of RVK strain No. 100 in vitro on glioma cells, presumably with tumor stem cells, indicates a significant potential for the use of these rotaviruses in treatment of glial tumors.