Decreased Muscle Strength Research Articles

Analysis of effectiveness of one-hole split endoscopy technique in treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis

To investigate the effectiveness of one-hole split endoscope (OSE) technique in the treatment of single segment lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). The clinical data of 32 single segment LSS patients treated with OSE technique for simple spinal canal decompression between January 2022 and December 2022, who met the selection criteria, were retrospectively analysed. There were 18 males and 14 females, the age ranged from 45 to 82 years, with an average of 65.1 years. The disease duration was 9-72 months, with an average of 34.9 months. The surgical segments included L 3, 4 in 3 cases, L 4, 5 in 19 cases, and L 5, S 1 in 10 cases. The incision length, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative radiation exposure frequency, postoperative mobilization time, and the area of the patient's lesion segment dural sac before operation and at 1 month after operation were recorded. Low back pain and leg pain were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) score before operation and at 3 days, 3 months, and 12 months after operation; functional recovery was assessed by Oswestry disability index (ODI) before operation and at 3 months and 12 months after operation; the effectiveness was assessed by modified MacNab criteria at last follow-up. All 32 patients successfully completed the operation, with an average incision length of 2.05 cm, an average operation time of 88.59 minutes, an average intraoperative blood loss of 46.72 mL, an average intraoperative radiation exposure frequency of 3.84 times, and an average postoperative mobilization time of 11.66 hours. All patients were followed up 12-16 months, with an average of 13.5 months. One patient experienced lower limb numbness, pain, and decreased muscle strength after operation, while the remaining patients did not experience complications such as dural tear or important nerve damage. The VAS scores of low back pain and leg pain and ODI in patients at various time points after operation were significantly better than preoperative ones, and each indicator further improved with time. The differences between time points were significant ( P<0.05). At 1 month after operation, the area of the patient's lesion segment dural sac was (123.13±19.66) mm 2, which significantly increased compared to preoperative (51.25±9.50) mm 2 ( t=-18.616, P<0.001). At last follow-up, the improved MacNab criteria were used to evaluate the effectiveness, with 18 cases achieving excellent results, 11 cases being good, and 3 cases being fair, with an excellent and good rate of 90.6%. The effectiveness of using OSE technique for simple spinal canal decompression treatment of single segment LSS is satisfactory, with the advantages of minimal surgical trauma and fast recovery.

Managing Postoperative Complications in a Patient with Excessive Ankle Stiffness: A Case Study Addressing Balance, Muscle Strength, and Quality of Life

Introduction: Postoperative complications decrease muscle strength and balance. Thus, managing the complications is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes and promoting speedy recovery. This case study explores the use of Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM) and electrotherapy in managing postoperative complications in a patient with excessive ankle stiffness, addressing balance and muscle strength, as they are essential components of functional mobility in patients with ankle stiffness. Case Presentation: A 41-year-old female athlete with Achilles tendon contracture participated in this study. A 12-week IASTM and electrotherapy was implemented. Isokinetic muscle strength, balance, and quality of life were investigated. Results: The results showed significant improvement in the stability index, path length and area, dorsiflexion/plantarflexion peak torque, range of motion (ROM), total work, and reduced passive stiffness. The results of all domains of quality of life (SF-36), Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), , Achilles Tendon Rupture Score (ATRS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) improved. The intervention was successful in improving balance, muscle strength, sagittal plane ROM, and quality of life and reduced pain during balance in the patient. Conclusions These findings suggest that the intervention may be an effective treatment option for individuals with excessive ankle stiffness and related balance and strength deficits.

Physiotherapy Management of Total Knee Replacement Et Causa Osteoarthritis Genu with Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Modalities and Exercise Therapy in Banten Provincial Hospital

Osteoarthritis is a chronic disease that most often occurs in elderly people aged over65 years. The age-standardized incidence of knee OA is 3.8% worldwide and 80% ofpatients over 75 years of age have radiologically proven OA. Knee osteoarthritissufferers usually complain of pain, swelling, limited joint mobility, and stiffness due toinflammation of the synovial joints. OA of the knee can also cause disruption offunctional activity and interference with patient work (Thacoor &amp; Sandiford, 2019).This research aims to find out more about the benefits of using TENS in reducing painand the benefits of exercise therapy in increasing the range of motion of joints andincreasing lower leg muscle strength as a result of total knee replacement. This type ofresearch is descriptive and action research with the subject Ny. I with medical recordsPost total knee replacement dextra surgery. Results of the physiotherapy managementprocess for Total knee replacement et causa osteroarthritis knee dextra withTranscutaneus Nerve Stimulation and exercise therapy in Ny. 1, aged 53 years, came tothe Banten Provincial Regional Hospital in November with the problem of pain in theright knee, limited range of motion of the joint, decreased muscle strength, anddecreased functional activities such as squatting and going up and down stairs. Afterundergoing physiotherapy six times from November 16, 2022 to December 19, 2022using Transcutaneal Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and Exercise Therapy, theresults showed that the level of pain had decreased, the range of motion of the jointshad increased, muscle strength had increased, and the patient's functional activity hadimproved. has increased, although not completely. It is hoped that education andhome programs, independent exercises given by therapists to patients must always beimplemented with family support to get maximum results and remind patients aboutwhat is recommended by the physiotherapist for the patient's recovery and recovery.

ECOLOGICAL STUDY: PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC ENERGY DEFICIENCY AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCES, INDONESIA

Background: Pregnant women who experience Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) will be at risk of decreased muscle strength which will be used in the process of childbirth resulting in the occurrence of various complications such as low birth weight babies, miscarriage, birth defects, premature, and even infant death. The problem of CED among pregnant women requires intervention not only in nutritional aspects but also in socio-economic aspects. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the overview of the chronic energy deficiency among pregnant women in Nusa Tenggara in 2018 and the factors that influence it. Methods: The approach used in this study was ecological analysis methods. All districts and cities in West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara were included in this study. This study looked at the prevalence of CED among pregnant women and 4 other independent variables, namely the percentage of supplementary feeding, the percentage of added blood tablets, poverty rate, and literacy rate. The data were analyzed using cross-tabulation. Results: The results show that supplementary feeding and literacy rates do not affect the incidence of CED. However, other variables such as the provision of blood booster supplements and poverty rate affect the incidence of CED. Conclusion: Health care facilities need to improve services and counseling regarding the importance of nutrition during pregnancy and the need for government support in improving the socio-economic status of the community to reduce the prevalence of CED in Nusa Tenggara.

Effectiveness of range of motion therapy to improve muscle strength in postoperative limb fracture patients

Intoduction: A fracture or fracture is a separation or tear in bone continuity caused by trauma. Fracture fixation surgery is one of the procedures in handling fractures. However, there are still many short-term and long-term complications that can be experienced by patients, one of which is a decrease in range of motion which results in a decrease in muscle strength. Range Of Motion (ROM) is one of the therapies that can be done to improve and maintain the perfection of the ability to move joints completely and to increase muscle time and tone. Objective: To increase muscle strength in postoperative limb fracture patients can apply Range of Motion therapy. Methods: The method used in this study uses case studies with pre and post intervention. Range of Motion therapy is carried out 2 times a day in 3 consecutive days starting from the second day postoperatively. The patient was given ROM therapy on the second day postoperatively passively. On the third and fourth postoperative days, patients are asked to do ROM actively as taught on the first day. Results: Results showed that there was an increase in muscle strength in patients postoperative limb fractures after Range of Motion therapy. Conclusion: Range of motion therapy with appropriate procedures and performed routinely can improve muscle strength and daily activities in patients with postoperative limb fractures.

Effects of stretching exercises on muscle tension, fatigue, strength, and lactic acid accumulation: A pre-experimental study among fish transport workers.

Fish transport workers in Indonesia lift loads more than the specified limits, both in weight and frequency. This could cause lactic acid accumulation, fatigue and reduced physical performance. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of stretching intervention on muscle tension, fatigue, strength, and lactic acid level in fish transport workers in Indonesia. A pre-experimental study design with one group (pre- and post-test) design was conducted among male fish transport workers at the Tawang fish auction, Weleri, Central Java, Indonesia, in June 2022 for two weeks. We created a 1.5-minute stretching exercise video based on the University of New Castle's Manual Handling guideline, involving hand, feet, and shoulder movements. Participants performed these exercises independently before and during work every two hours, guided by the video. Data on lactic acid, muscle tension, fatigue, and strength were collected before and after the 2-week intervention. Data analysis was performed using Wilcoxon and paired Student t-tests to compare the outcome between post- and pre-intervention. A total of 18 fish transport workers were included in the study. The results showed a statistically significant increase in lactic acid levels following the intervention (p=0.016). However, the increase in muscle tension was not statistically significant (p=0.292). There was a significant increase in fatigue levels after the intervention (p=0.000). This could suggest that the stretching intervention may have had an unintended effect of increasing fatigue among the participants. On the other hand, there was a statistically significant decrease in muscle strength after the intervention (p=0.003). In conclusion, this study suggests that while stretching exercises can affect lactic acid accumulation, fatigue, and muscle strength, they do not influence muscle tension. Therefore, it is advised for workers to incorporate stretching exercises into their daily routine to mitigate potential injury risks.

Crossed Cerebellar Diaschisis and Cerebral Infarction After Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome Following Carotid Artery Stenting: A Case Report

Crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) often occurs after ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke that does great damage to the cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway (CPCP). Nevertheless, as far as we know, CCD due to cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) following carotid artery stenting (CAS) is rare. We report a case where CCD and new cerebral infarction after CHS following CAS was effectively treated by intravenous use of edaravone and mannitol. The patient was a 74-year-old female. She developed dizziness and vomiting accompanied with weakness of the right limb for 8 days and was admitted to our hospital. Computed tomography angiography scan revealed severe stenosis at the beginning of the left internal carotid artery. Further digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed severe stenosis at the beginning of the left internal carotid artery, with a stenosis rate of approximately 90%. Therefore, she underwent left CAS implantation. After the operation, the patient developed disturbance of consciousness and decreased muscle strength in the right limb. Intravenous infusion of edaravone and mannitol were then started. After 10 days of medical treatment, the condition of patient improved to mild hemiparesis. The findings in this present case strongly suggest that CHS after CAS for carotid artery stenosis may cause transient CCD.

Relationship between a body shape index and muscle strength index in Chinese university students: a cross-sectional survey

BackgroundThe problem of overweight obesity and decrease in muscle strength among university students has become an indisputable fact. In this study, a comprehensive index reflecting obesity degree a body shape index (ABSI) and a comprehensive index reflecting muscle strength muscle strength index (MSI) were studied to analyze the cross-sectional correlations existing between them.MethodsThis study began recruiting participants and conducting the test survey in April 2022 and closed in July 2022. Basic condition, height, weight, waist circumference, grip strength, pull-up (boys), bent-leg sit-up (girls), and standing long jump were tested on 12,046 (boys: 6011, 49.90%) university students aged 19–22 years in China, and ABSI and MSI were calculated separately. ABSI was categorized into 5 groups according to age and sex, namely ABSI < 5th percentile (A), 5th ≤ ABSI < 25th percentile (B), 25th ≤ ABSI < 75th percentile (C), 75th ≤ ABSI < 95th percentile (D) and ABSI ≥ 95th percentile (E). The comparison of MSI between different ABSI groups was performed using effect size, and the association between them was performed by curve estimation analysis.ResultsThe association between ABSI and MSI of Chinese university students showed an inverted “U” curve. The effect of increased ABSI on MSI was greater in university girls compared to boys. The ABSI of boys was (0.080 ± 0.010) and MSI was (-0.005 ± 2.080); the ABSI of girls was (0.079 ± 0.008) and MSI was (-0.017 ± 1.867). Overall, university students ABSI was at a relatively high point for MSI between 0.050 and 0.100. The university students ABSI at 0.150 had an MSI of -1.229 for boys and − 2.779 for girls.ConclusionThe ABSI of Chinese university students showed an inverted “U”-shaped curve relationship with MSI, and university students with low or high ABSI had lower MSI. The effect of increasing ABSI on the decrease of MSI was more obvious for girls than for boys.

PAINLESS NEURALGIC AMYOTROPHY (PARSONAGE-TURNER SYNDROME) – A CASE REPORT

Background: Neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) is a rare disorder typically characterized by an abrupt onset of upper extremity pain followed by progressive muscle weakness, atrophy and occasional sensory loss. Although NA has been hypothesized to be an autoimmune-mediated disorder. It is considered a primarily clinical diagnosis, electrodiagnostic evaluation is essential for the diagnosis confirmation and can exclude other etiologies. Electrodiagnostic findings can reveal patchy damage to any nerve within the brachial plexus. Case Description: In the current case report, we are presenting a 43-years-old man admitted to the Neurology Department of “UMHAT Dr. Georgi Stranski” in Pleven, Bulgaria, with decreased muscle strength and limited active movements in the left upper shoulder for approximately 3 weeks. The patient denied feeling any pain during the onset and afterwards. He had no previous infections, vaccinations and history of other diseases. The detailed neurological examination showed the left upper extremity decreased antigravity strength in the deltoid and infraspinatus muscles with marked atrophy of the same. Hyporeflexia of the left biceps and brachioradialis deep‐tendon reflexes was present. Electromyography findings showed denervation of the deltoid and infraspinatus muscles. Initial reinnervation of supraspinatus and cervical paraspinal muscles was present. The diagnosis of NA was confirmed by both the neurological examination and the electrophysiological findings. Conclusion: We are presenting a clinical case of idiopathic neuralgic amyotrophy with atypical painless presentation and discussing the most significant aspects of the disorder with regards to the difficulties in approaching the correct diagnosis. A better understanding of the NA clinical symptoms and signs variability improves the diagnostic and therapeutic approach.

The Otago Exercise Training Program For Patients With Moderate Fall Risk Problems : A Case Report

The elderly are a vulnerable group because they have experienced various setbacks. Degenerative disorders are physiological processes that occur in the elderly, one that often occurs is a decrease in the function of the musculoskeletal system such as complaints of joint pain, decreased muscle strength, and decreased balance which can cause the risk of falling. The management that can be done to prevent falls while minimizing side effects is by using non-pharmacological therapies, one of which is by doing the Otago Exercise. The purpose of this case study is to explain how the effect of Otago Exercise is to prevent the risk of falling in the elderly. The writing method used in this study is to use a case study conducted on the elderly Mrs. S. The results of nursing care after carrying out the Otago Exercise Program showed an increase in the risk of falling in the elderly from 32 to 39. This Otago Exercise has been proven to be effective and can be done to prevent the risk of falling in the. The elderly can implement the Otago Exercise Program on an ongoing basis accompanied by officers at the orphanage to prevent falls and maintain a balance so that joint function and posture remain good.

Assessment and Rehabilitation in Sarcopenic Patients.

Sarcopenia is a degenerative disorder that particularly affects older people and is defined by a pathological decrease in muscle strength. This disease represents one of the topics of great interest in the medical world of the last two decades. In our study, we tried to underline the importance of an adapted recovery program based on physical exercise for regaining clinical and functional status in patients with age-related sarcopenia. No nutritional intervention was applied. We performed our rehabilitation program in accordance with present international recommendations for sarcopenia. After complete assessment, our patients were randomised into two groups: G1 (Lot 1=25 patients) and G2 (Lot 2=15 patients). G1 patients were compliant with kinetic training, and performed all rehabilitation measures, and G2 patients accepted rehabilitation program without kinetic exercises. Patients assessment (lab tests, gait analysis, VAS and the Clinical Frailty Scale) was made on two levels-first (T1-inpatient assessment), and after 6 months (T2-outpatient assessment). The rehabilitation program based on the kinetic program brought positive improvements in physical performance and locomotion (gait speed and walking cadence) in sarcopenic patients.

Effects of active vitamin D analogues on muscle strength and falls in elderly people: an updated meta-analysis.

Elderly people are at high risk of falls due to decreased muscle strength. So far, there is currently no officially approved medication for treating muscle strength loss. The active vitamin D analogues are promising but inconsistent results have been reported in previous studies. The present study was to meta-analyze the effect of active vitamin D analogues on muscle strength and falls in elderly people. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (record number: CRD42021266978). We searched two databases including PubMed and Cochrane Library up until August 2023. Risk ratio (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used to assess the effects of active vitamin D analogues on muscle strength or falls. Regarding the effects of calcitriol (n= 1), alfacalcidol (n= 1) and eldecalcitol (n= 1) on falls, all included randomized controlled trials (RCT) recruited 771 participants. Regarding the effects of the effects of calcitriol (n= 4), alfacalcidol (n= 3) and eldecalcitol (n= 3) on muscle strength, all included RCTs recruited 2431 participants. The results showed that in the pooled analysis of three active vitamin D analogues, active vitamin D analogues reduced the risk of fall by 19%. Due to a lack of sufficient data, no separate subgroup analysis was conducted on the effect of each active vitamin D analogue on falls. In the pooled and separate analysis of active vitamin D analogues, no significant effects were found on global muscle, hand grip, and back extensor strength. However, a significant enhancement of quadriceps strength was observed in the pooled analysis and separate analysis of alfacalcidol and eldecalcitol. The separate subgroup analysis on the impact of calcitriol on the quadriceps strength was not performed due to the lack to sufficient data. The results of pooled and separate subgroup analysis of active vitamin D analogues with or without calcium supplementation showed that calcium supplementation did not affect the effect of vitamin D on muscle strength. The use of active vitamin D analogues does not improve global muscle, hand grip, and back extensor strength but improves quadriceps strength and reduces risk of falls in elderly population.

Passive exercise is an effective alternative to HRT for restoring OVX induced mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle.

Postmenopausal women are more prone to develop muscle weakness, which is strongly associated with impairment of mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle. This study aimed to examine the impact of a passive exercise modality, whole-body vibration training (WBVT), on muscle mitochondrial function in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, in comparison with 17β-estradiol (E2) replacement. Female C57BL/6J mice were assigned to four groups: sham operation control group (Sham), ovariectomized group (OVX), OVX with E2 supplement group (OVX+E), and OVX with WBVT group (OVX+W). The estrous cycle, body weight, body composition, and muscle strength of the mice were monitored after the operation. Serum E2 level was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ATP levels were determined using a luciferase-catalyzed bioluminescence assay. The activity of mitochondrial respiration chain complexes was evaluated using high-resolution respirometry (O2K). Expression levels of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) were detected using western blotting. We observed decreased muscle strength and impaired mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle of OVX mice. The vibration training alleviated these impairments as much as the E2 supplement. In addition, the vibration training was superior to the ovariectomy and the estradiol replacement regarding the protein expression of PGC-1α and TFAM. WBVT improves the OVX-induced decline in muscle strength and impairment of mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle. This passive exercise strategy may be useful as an alternative to E2 replacement for preventing menopausal muscular weakness. Further studies are needed to understand the effects of WBVT on various physiological systems, and precautions should be taken when implementing it in patient treatment.

Application of Range of Motion (ROM) to Increase Muscle Strength in Meeting Activity Needs in Stroke Patients

Stroke is a neurological disease caused by oclusion or hyperfusion in the blood vessels of the brain that causes neurological deficiencies and causes defects or death. The purpose of the case study is to find out a picture of nursing orphanage to meet the needs of physical mobility disorder activity by applying the Range of Motion for stroke patients starting from the achievement assessment to the evaluation. The methods used are descriptive case studies, with data collection techniques including interviews, physical examinations, observations and documentation. The results of the study showed that patients had weakness in the right extremity with the strength of the upper extremity muscle value 0 and the lower extremity value 2. The primary nursing diagnosis of physical mobility disorders is associated with a decrease in muscle strength. Planning to [treatment is to improve physical mobility in stroke patients. Implementation was done with increased physical mobility based on (SOP) Range of Motion performed in the morning, each movement for 10 counts for 30 minutes. Evaluation carried out after 4 days of implementation obtained data there was an increase in muscle strength of the upper extremity to 1 and the lower extremities to 3. Based on the explanation above, there was an increase in muscle strength between before and after the action. It is expected to be able to implement ROM therapy as an intervention to address the problem of physical mobility disorders in stroke patients.

Total knee arthroplasty and rehabilitation

Arthroplasty is the reconstruction of the joint to relieve pain, increase range of motion and provide stabilization in any joint. The main goals of total knee arthroplasty are to relieve pain, improve function, improve quality of life, create a long-lasting artificial joint, and prevent or reduce surgical complications. Joint infection, sepsis or systemic infections, neuropathic arthropathy, painful stiff knee fusion due to complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), genu recurvatum due to neuromuscular weakness, painless and well-functioning knee arthrodesis are absolute contraindications to total knee arthroplasty. In addition, the patient should be monitored for circulation, sensation and infections during the acute period (1-5 days). An appropriate DVT prophylaxis should be given. There is evidence that long-term physical deficiencies persist after arthroplasty. Since decreased muscle strength, decreased flexibility, abnormalities in walking, and deficits in postural stability can be detected, it is recommended to continue exercise programs for at least 1 year.

Conservative Treatment Using Platelet-Rich Plasma for Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Highly Active Patients: A Retrospective Survey.

Background The recommended treatment for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in active, sports-oriented patients is reconstructive surgery in order to regain stability and prevent secondary meniscal injuries. However, ACL reconstruction requires a long recovery period and poses issues such as decreased muscle strength due to tendon harvesting and postoperative osteoarthritis (OA) progression, thereby raising significant expectations for the advancement of conservative treatments. Recent studies have shown that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy, which utilizes the tissue repair-promoting property of platelets, is effective for ACL injuries. Methods We administered PRP therapy within six weeks after ACL injury in patients who expressed the desire for an early return to sports through conservative care. After the treatment, patients wore a simple brace that limited deep flexion but placed no restrictions on weight bearing. Four months was the standard goal established for returning to pre-injury condition, and, depending on the target level, timing, and knee condition, we adjusted the additional PRP treatments and rehabilitation approach, gradually authorizing the patients' return to sport. We assessed the ligament repair status by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) just before the full return to sports.A retrospective survey was conducted to evaluate the status of ligament repair and the condition of return-to-sport in patients with ACLinjuries who underwent conservative treatment using PRP. Results The average patient age was 32.7 years and the average treatment was 2.8 PRP sessions. MRI evaluations confirmed that ligament continuity was regained in all cases. All the patients returned to their pre-injury level (Tegner Activity Scale 7.0) in an average of 139.5 days, but there was one instance of re-rupture following the return to sports. Conclusion All patients with ACL injury who underwent PRP therapy regained ligament continuity and returned to sport successfully with only one case of re-rupture.

Comparative Study on Hatha Yoga Vs Conventional Physiotherapy Management in Pain and Functional Outcome in Osteoarthritis Knee Subjects

Background: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition of the joints that frequently impacts the knee. OA can causediscomfort, stiffness, swelling, instability of joint and decreased muscle strength which limits the movement andlowers the quality of life. Hence the study is to determine the effects of Hatha Yoga VS Conventional PhysiotherapyManagement in pain and functional outcome in Osteoarthritis Knee Subjects.Purpose: The purpose of the study is to compare Hatha Yoga VS Conventional Physiotherapy Management inpain and functional outcome in osteoarthritis knee subjects.Materials and Methods: About 196 subjects were selected from Vijay Physiotherapy Clinic by using KOOS basedon inclusion and exclusion criteria. Experimental protocol and procedures were informed to all the subjects beforegiving their informed consent. Subjects were allocated into 2 groups. Hatha yoga group and Conventional group,each had 98 subjects. Hatha yoga group performed Hatha yoga and Conventional group performed ConventionalPhysiotherapy Management for a duration of 45 minutes, 4 days per week with IFT for 10 minutes. Theseinterventions were given for 4 weeks. Study period : October 2022 to July 2023.Result: The Pre-test and Post-test values were analyzed results suggest that Hatha Yoga group has significantimprovement when compared with Conventional group with P value&lt;0.0001.Conclusion: According to this study, Hatha yoga group had better results than conventional group, Hatha yoga ismore effective in reducing pain and improving functional outcome among osteoarthritis knee subjects.

Reorganization of Brain Resting-state Functional Connectivity Following 14 Days of Elbow Immobilization in Young Females

Limb immobilization is known to cause significant decreases in muscle strength and muscle mass as early as two days following the onset of immobilization. However, the decline in strength surpasses the decline in muscle mass, suggesting that factors in addition to muscle loss, such as neuroplasticity, contribute to the decrease in force production. However, little is known regarding immobilization-induced neural changes, although sensorimotor regions seem to be the most affected. The present study aimed to determine whether brain functional organization is altered following 14 days of unilateral elbow immobilization. Functional organization was quantified using resting-state functional connectivity, a measure of the synchronicity of the spontaneous discharge of different brain regions at rest. Data was obtained from twelve healthy young females before and after completing the immobilization period. A seed-to-voxel analysis was performed using seeds associated with cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar sensorimotor regions of the brain. The results showed changes predominantly involving cerebellar connectivity. For example, the immobilization period caused a decrease in connectivity between the motor cerebellar region of the immobilized arm and the left temporal lobe, and an increase between the same cerebellar region and the supplementary motor area. Overall, changes in connectivity occurred in regions typically associated with error detection and motor learning, suggesting a potential functional reorganization of the brain within 14 days of elbow immobilization.

Muscle strength and the risk of falls in community-dwelling elderly in Central Java in urban and rural areas

Background: The elderly are individuals aged 60 and above, marking the final stage of the life cycle. The World Health Organization classifies the elderly into four groups: middle-aged elderly (45-59 years), elderly (60-74 years), older elderly (75-90 years), and very old elderly (above 90 years). Currently, there are 142 million people aged 60 and above in the 11 Southeast Asian WHO member countries. By 2050, this number is expected to triple, prompting the WHO to urge nations to prioritize aging on World Health Day. Decreased muscle strength for postural control is a risk factor for falls in the elderly, and a significant portion of falls may be attributed to this component. In Indonesia, the rate of fall-related injuries due to balance disorders is found to be 49.4% in individuals above 55 years, 67.1% in those above 65 years, and up to 35% in individuals between 70-75 years.Purpose: To determine the influence of muscle strength on the risk of falls in the elderly in urban and rural areas. Method: This study employed a cross-sectional study design, investigating the correlation between risk factors (independent) and outcomes (dependent) based on data collection through observations conducted at a single point in time. The research was conducted in Gonilan village as a representative urban area and Boyolali Regency, Central Java, as a representative rural area in August 2023. The study population included the elderly in Gonilan and Boyolali. Non-probability sampling with quota sampling was used, resulting in 204 participants meeting the survey criteria.Results: Muscle strength in urban areas with low categories had an odds ratio (OR) of -0.282, Exp B of 1.048, ρ-value of 0.824 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.962. In contrast, urban areas with high categories had an OR of 0.037, Exp B of 0.754, ρ-value of 0.310 with a 95% CI of 1.130. This indicates that the ρ-value for all areas is greater than 0.05, meaning there is no influence of muscle strength on the risk of falls in urban and rural areas.Conclusion: Based on the research findings, there is no influence of muscle strength on the risk of falls in the elderly in urban and rural areas. The risk of falls is influenced by various factors, including environmental conditions.

Correlation between Improved Balance and Decreased Limb Spasticity and Improved Muscle Strength in Post-Stroke Hemiparesis

Approximately 80% of stroke patients experience disability in the form of hemiparesis (weakness of half of the body). Physiotherapy problems that commonly occur in post-stroke hemiparesis include decreased muscle strength, spasticity, and balance disorders. This research is a correlation analysis study with one independent variable and 2 dependent variables, aiming to determine the correlation between balance improvement with decreased leg muscle spasticity and improved leg muscle strength in post-stroke hemiparesis patients, carried out at the Inggit Medical Center Clinic Makassar with a total sample of 12 people who met the inclusion criteria and were given intervention in the form of the bobath method for 10 treatments, the measuring instruments used were functional reach test (FRT) for balance, Asworth scale for spasticity, and chair stand for leg muscle strength. Spearman test between balance and muscle strength obtained a p value of 0.001 (p &lt;0.05) with a positive r of 0.822 which means there is a positive and significant correlation between increasing balance and increasing muscle strength. While between balance and spasticity obtained a p value of 0.04 (p &lt;0.05) with a negative r value of 0.584, which means there is a negative and significant correlation between increasing balance and decreasing spasticity. Improved balance has a significant relationship with increased muscle strength, and improved balance has a significant relationship with decreased spasticity in post-stroke hemiparesis patients.