Decrease In Peak Value Research Articles

Effectiveness of Using a Digital Wearable Plantar Pressure Device to Detect Muscle Fatigue: Within-Subject, Repeated Measures Experimental Design.

Muscle fatigue, characterized by reduced force generation during repetitive contractions, impacts older adults doing daily activities and athletes during sports activities. While various sensors detect muscle fatigue via muscle activity, biochemical markers, and kinematic parameters, a real-time wearable solution with high usability remains limited. Plantar pressure monitoring detects muscle fatigue through foot loading changes, seamlessly integrating into footwear to improve the usability and compliance for home-based monitoring. This study aimed to investigate the effects of muscle fatigue on plantar pressure measurements using a self-developed wearable plantar pressure system. Twelve healthy participants completed a 5-minute calf muscle fatigue protocol. The plantar pressures and surface electromyography (sEMG) activity of the gastrocnemius muscles were recorded before and after exercise. The plantar pressures at 6 regions and the median frequency (MDF) of sEMG were analyzed to quantify fatigue. The self-developed foot pressure system showed a significant decrease in plantar pressure peak values at the heel of the left (P=.003) and right feet (P=.001) and at the lateral toe of the left (P=.001) and right feet (P=.026). A significant increase was observed at the metatarsal head of both the left foot (P=.001) and the right foot (P=.017). The MDF of sEMG signals significantly decreased in the left (P=.001) and right gastrocnemius (P<.001). Plantar pressure changes and sEMG signals effectively detect gastrocnemius muscle fatigue using the proposed wearable system, supporting the development of a wearable solution for detecting muscle fatigue suitable for home-use.

Dynamic reaction of slag-based geopolymer with brick powder: insights from acoustic emission, heat flow, and relaxation characteristics

Fractal dimension, heat, and NMR relaxation characterizations were employed to monitor the dynamic geopolymerization process of slag-based geopolymer (SBG) with brick powder (BP) in this research. Introducing 30% BP to SBG resulted in a delay of 6minutes in the occurrence of polymerization peak, with a 24.12% decrease in heat peak value. Furthermore, during the rapid polymerization phase, the time of the gel formation in SBG containing 30% BP was reduced by 34.18%, accompanied by a 20.91% decrease in gel water content. The sequence of AE parameters associated with early-age geopolymerization reaction has good fractal characteristics, with fitting coefficient greater than 0.95. Importantly, the heat flow curve, water evolution, and corresponding fractal dimension curves have good correspondence at 0-3h. Especially, the dissolution peak and polymerization peak of the heat flow curve basically coincide with the fractal dimension curve. The fractal dimension not only serves as an effective indicator for evaluating the geopolymerization process but also compensates for the limitations of calorimetry in characterizing reaction processes with relatively small particle migration and local heat release.

Short-range azimuth measurement method based on a single-pulse laser beam expanding mechanism.

Aimed at addressing the problem of azimuth measurement of a short-range target with a pulsed laser, a new, to our knowledge, azimuth measurement method based on a single-pulse laser beam expanding mechanism is proposed based on the research of the pulse laser dynamic/static azimuth detection method. The echo power equation of single-pulse laser beam expanding short-range detection is derived theoretically. Combined with the spatial geometric distribution of the optical path and the normalized sum-difference angle measurement algorithm of the four-quadrant detector, a single-pulse laser short-range azimuth angle calculation model is established. Monte Carlo theoretical simulation and laboratory static measurement experiments are carried out. The influence mechanism of laser emission power, beam expanding reflection cone angle, and target projection size on the probability distribution of azimuth measurement is studied. The results show that with the increase of transmission power and target projection size, the half-width of azimuth measurement distribution decreases, the peak value increases, and the detection accuracy improves. With the increase of the cone angle of the reflected light, the half-width of the azimuth measurement distribution increases, the peak value decreases, and the detection accuracy decreases. As the spot is far away from the coordinate center, it will lead to an increase in the half-width of the azimuth measurement probability distribution, a decrease in the peak value, and a decrease in the detection accuracy.

Effect of continuous and random multi-particle impaction on the aluminum coating and copper substrate in cold spraying

In this study, the process of multi-particle cold spraying has been numerically simulated and compared with the actual cold spraying results. The results show that in the continuous multi-particle models, the maximum depths of compressive residual stress reached 4.90 μm, 3.99 μm, 4.78 μm, and 5.19 μm for each increment in particle number. The penetration depth of residual stress increases then decreases, due to two opposite factors effects on the penetration depth of residual stress. the maximum compressive residual stresses on the substrate are 438.14 MPa, 293.57 MPa, 286.19 MPa, and 279.30 MPa respectively, declining as the number of impacting particles grows. With the subsequent deposition of particles, the further deformation of the substrate causes the stress on the side to gradually homogenize, and the peak value decreases. Surface stress of the workpiece alleviates after multiple Al particles impact Cu substrate. In all random multi-particle models of different gas pressure, the residual stress begins to disappear at about 100 μm from the surface, and basically disappear at about 300 μm. As the collision speed of particles increases, the substrate deformation increases, but the growth rate of deformation decreases. The influence of coating thickness on the substrate deformation gradually decreases with the increase of coating thickness.

Study on liquid dielectrophoresis based on double flexible electrodes simulating interdigitated pattern electrodes

Dielectrophoresis affects the surface wettability by applying a non-uniform electric field to dipoles inside dielectric liquid, achieving adjustable droplet contact angle and overcoming the saturation limitation of contact angle caused by the electrowettability effect. However, it is difficult to realize useful three-dimensional tunable optical devices because most of the driving electrodes need to be patterned. In this work, a model of double flexible electrodes simulating planar interdigitated pattern electrodes is proposed based on the dielectrophoresis. Double flexible electrodes, which are wrapped with an insulating dielectric layer and are not conductive to each other are arranged at close intervals and wound along the plane substrate to form a two-dimensional planar line wall. A hydrophobic layer is used to fill the gap and increase the initial contact angle. Ultimately, the “droplet-interdigitated planar line wall” dielectrophoresis driven-droplet model is formed after the dielectric droplets have been deposited on the line wall surface. Firstly, considering the influence of penetration depth and electrode gap area, Young’s equation is theoretically modified to adapt to this model. Then, the finite element algorithm simulation is used to used to comparatively analyze the potential distribution of this model and the planar interdigitated pattern electrode model. The field strength distributions of the electrodes with different wire diameters and insulating layer thickness values are analyzed. It can be found that with the increase of the diameter of the electrode wire and the thickness of the insulating layer, the morphology of the model changes from the tip electrode into the planar electrode, the surface field strength attenuates exponentially and the peak value decreases. This shows that the structure of this electrode in this model is superior to that of the planar electrode. After that, the contact angle of the model is measured experimentally in a range of 58°－90° under 0–250 &lt;i&gt;V&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;rms&lt;/sub&gt; voltage, which is in line with the theoretical expectation. At the same time, neither obvious contact angle lag nor saturation is observed in the experiment. Finally, the new electrophoretic driving droplet model constructed in this paper transforms the dielectric electrophoretic driving mode from a two-dimensional planar electrode to a one-dimensional flexible linear electrode. Because of its flexibility and plasticity, it is convenient to form a three-dimensional cavity and can be applied to more complex device structures.

Effective transmittance of Fabry–Perot cavity under non-parallel beam incidence

The Fabry–Pérot (FP) resonant cavity is widely used in laser and spectroscopic measurements due to its unique interference transfer function (ITF). In the ideal case of parallel incident light, the ITF of the FP resonant cavity can be expressed by the Airy function. However, in reality, it is difficult to achieve perfect parallelism with collimated beams. In this article, a theoretical model is established for non-parallel light incidence, which assumes that the non-parallel incident light is a cone-shaped beam, and the cone angle is used to quantify the non-parallelism of the beam. The transmittance function of the FP resonant cavity under non-parallel light incidence is derived. The accuracy of the model is experimentally verified. Based on this model, the effects of divergence angle, tilt angle and FP cavity parameters (reflectivity, cavity length) on the ITF are studied. The reasons for the decrease in peak value, broadening and asymmetry of the interference peak under non-parallel light incidence are explained. It is suggested that a fine balance between the interference peak and the collimation effect of the incident light should be considered in the design and application of FP resonant cavities, especially for tilted applications such as angle-scanned spectroscopy. The research results of this article have certain significance for the design and application of FP resonant cavities.

Study on the mechanism of influence of cetane improver on methanol ignition

Methanol has attracted much attention because it can realize carbon neutral cycle. Methanol is difficult to use in compression ignition engines because of its low cetane number and high latent heat of vaporization. 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) is a widely used cetane number improver, which can effectively promote the ignition of methanol. Therefore, a reduced mechanism of methanol and EHN containing 61 species and 479 reactions is proposed in this paper, and it has been verified to fit well with the original mechanism and experimental date. Then, chemical kinetic analysis is carried out using CHEMKIN PRO. Results show that after adding EHN, the ignition delay is significantly shortened. As the EHN ratio increases, the effect of EHN on shortening the ignition delay period does not increase nonlinearly, but shows a slowing trend. The reaction with higher positive temperature sensitivity changes from R133 (CH3OH + HO2 = CH2OH + H2O2) to R307 (CH2O + NO2 = HONO + HCO), and the reaction with higher negative temperature sensitivity changes from R18 (2HO2 = H2O2 + O2) to R305 (HCO + NO2 = HONO + CO). The reaction time of H, OH and HO2 is advanced and the peak values decrease. In the methanol dehydrogenation pathway, the proportions of reactions involving HO2 decrease significantly and the proportions of reactions involving NO2 and OH increase. The methanol consumption rate increases significantly after adding EHN. With the addition of 3% EHN, the reaction time of methanol was reduced by 99.8% compared to pure methanol.

Modelling and Optimization of Continual Laser Joining Processes for Silicon Aluminum Alloy in Microwave Devices

Due to its higher energy and smaller heating area, laser joining technology is widely used in aluminum alloy welding and other industrial fields, which meets the solder sealing requirements for electronic packaging. According to experiments, cracks were prone to occur at the corners and spot-welding positions near the weld. In this paper, the depth and width of the melt pool were measured experimentally, and the results were used to calibrate and validate the heat source model. An empirical relationship between heat source parameters and melt pool morphology is presented. The heat source model of laser deep penetration welding was established under the same experimental conditions. And the results were in agreement with the experimental results. The finite element method was used to numerically simulate the welding process of a 50%SiAl shell and a 27%SiAl cover plate. The effects of different spot-welding sequences and numbers on the residual stress and cracking possibility of laser welded samples were analyzed. The results show that under sequential spot-welding, when the amount of spot-welding is increased, the stress peak value decreases. Compared with sequential spot welding and side-by-side spot welding, the spot-welding sequence of diagonal points first, and then side-by-side spot welding, can effectively reduce the residual stress. This research enables us to provide some guidelines in terms of studying the reliability issues of microwave devices.

Optoelectronic Properties of In0.87Ga0.13As0.25P0.75(001)β2(2×4) Surface: A First-Principles Study.

InGaAsP photocathode surface affects the absorption, transport and escape of photons, and has a great influence on quantum efficiency. In order to study InGaAsP photocathode surface, the electronic structure, work function, formation energy, Mulliken population and optical properties of In0.87Ga0.13As0.25P0.75(001)β2(2×4) reconstruction surface were calculated from first principles. Results show that stabilized the In0.87Ga0.13As0.25P0.75(001)β2(2×4) surface is conducive to the escape of low-energy photoelectrons. The narrow bandgap and emerging energy levels of the reconstruction surface make the electron transition easier. Under the action of the dipole moment, the electrons transfer from inner layers to the surface during the surface formation process. By contrast to the bulk, the surface absorption coefficient and reflectivity considerably decrease, and the high-reflection range becomes narrower as the falling edge redshifts. On the contrary, the surface transmissivity increases, which is conducive for the photons passing through the surface into the bulk to excite more photoelectrons. Meanwhile, the higher absorption coefficient of surface in low-energy side is favorable for long-wave absorption. The dielectric function peaks of the surface move toward the low-energy side and peak values decrease.

Study on nonlinear dynamic characteristics of power six-branch herringbone gear transmission system with 3D modification

The power six-branch herringbone gear transmission system has the advantages of large power transmission and transmission ratio. Because of its multi-way transmission and over-constraint structure, to prevent loaded tooth interference, there are large backlashes between teeth. The system shows complex nonlinear dynamic characteristics under the influence of backlashes, which seriously affects meshing performance. The modification technology can effectively improve gear meshing performance. Hence, on the basis of optimizing meshing performance of the active pair of the six-branch herringbone gear transmission system, this article will combine 3D modification with system nonlinear vibration characteristics and propose an analysis method of the system nonlinear vibration characteristics under 3D modification to reduce vibration and noise. First, the 3D modified tooth surface equation is determined by forming grinding, the loaded transmission error (LTE) of the system's active pair is obtained by tooth contact analysis (TCA) and loaded tooth contact analysis (LTCA) technology, and the optimal modification parameters are obtained by Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) with the minimum error amplitude as optimization objective. Then, the time-varying meshing stiffness of system under the optimal modification is calculated, and the pure torsional nonlinear dynamic model with backlashes, meshing stiffness, and static transmission error (STE) is established. Finally, the global vibration characteristics in parameter field are studied through time domain and bifurcation diagram of system. Results show that the 3D modification can eliminate edge contact of tooth and improve tooth contact performance. With the increase of input power, the root mean square (RMS) values of acceleration increase and the RMS values and jump decrease after 3D modification. With the increase of input speed, the RMS curves appear multiple resonance peaks and jumps at low input speed. After 3D modification, the RMS, jump, and resonance peak values decrease. Compared with level І, the backlashes and STEs of level II and phase difference ϛsII have great influence on system dynamic characteristics and easily make system in chaotic motion, while the 3D modification reduces their influence and makes system motion periodic.

A theoretical approach on estimating temperature-dependent optical properties of two typical molten alkali chloride salts (KCl and NaCl)

Due to high working temperature of molten salts, radiative heat transfer has great effects on the temperature field computation accuracy. Since few optical property data of alkali chlorides is available, making it difficult to take radiative heat transfer into consideration, hence hindering its further application. In this paper, a theoretical approach on estimating temperature-dependent optical property of molten salts is developed to get temperature effect involved into optical property computation. After this, temperature-dependent optical properties of KCl and NaCl are estimated as an example. Due to the similarity of K and Na, the optical properties of KCl and NaCl exhibit extremely similar patterns. In short-wavelength region, they all show very high absorption intensity. In long-wavelength region the refractive index nearly keeps unchanged along with wavelength, while the extinction coefficient subtly increases. When temperature increases, the variations of optical properties of KCl are much more obviously than that of NaCl, but the overall trends are consistent. In short-wavelength region, an increase in temperature could lead to a slight red shift of refractive index peak and a decrease of extinction coefficient peak value. In long-wavelength region, increasing temperature will make both refractive index and extinction coefficient decrease.

A study of radar reflection signal characteristics in multi-domain using a closed plasma generator

This paper theoretically and experimentally studies the radar reflection signal characteristics in a multi-domain using a closed plasma generator, especially for a correlation domain. A multi-domain computation method is proposed for a radar signal reflected by a metal covered with plasma. The reflected signal characteristics are studied in the time, frequency, and correlation domain. A closed plasma generator device is designed to verify the computation method for the radar signal reflected from metal plate covered with plasma experimentally. The plasma in the device is terminated by a transmission window at one end and a metal plate at another end, which is able to provide the environment for a radar signal reflection experiment. Based on the theoretical and the experimental results, the time and frequency domain of radar reflection signal not only show the amplitude attenuation characteristics but also frequency dispersion phenomenon. For the correlation domain characteristics of the radar reflection signal, the peak value in correlation domain significantly decreases, which demonstrates the stealth effect of the plasma. The effect of plasma and radar parameters on the peak value decrease phenomenon, as well as the stealth effect in the correlation domain, is further analyzed.

The effect of increasing rarefaction on the formation of Edney shock interaction patterns: type-I to type-VI

A shock–shock interaction problem can arise in high-speed vehicles where an oblique shock from one part of the body impinges on a bow shock from a different part of the body. The nature of the interaction can change as the vehicle increases in altitude to a more rarefied environment. In this work, the outcomes of a numerical study investigating the formation of Edney shock patterns from type-I to type-VI as a result of shock–shock interactions at different rarefaction levels are presented. The computations are conducted with a direct simulation Monte Carlo solver for a free-stream flow at a Mach number of 10. In shock–shock interaction problems, both geometrical and rarefaction parameters determine what type of Edney pattern is formed. The region on the shock impinged surface that experiences enhanced thermo-mechanical loads increases when the free-stream flow becomes more rarefied, but the peak values decrease. It is known that these shock interactions can have unsteady behavior in the continuum regime; the current work shows that although increasing rarefaction tends to move the flow toward steady behavior, under some conditions the flow remains unsteady.Graphical abstract

Construction of hydrophobic fire retardant coating on cotton fabric using a layer-by-layer spray coating method

Multifunctional cotton fabric was prepared through a two-step layer-by-layer spray coating method, where the first layer of the coating comprising chitosan and ammonium phytate provided fire retardancy, and the second one with PDMS-ZnO composite imparted hydrophobicity to the fabric. A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study was carried out to calculate interfacial adhesion of different components of the coating, based on which the sequencing of the coating layers was determined and used to prepare coated samples. The coated fabric demonstrated a significant improvement in fire retardancy through an increase in LOI from 18 % in control to 30 %, a reduction in char length from 30 cm to 7 cm, and a decrease in peak and total heat release rate values by 75 % and 33 %, respectively. The hydrophobicity of coated fabric was tested via water drop test where coated sample maintained a contact angle of 148° for up to 120 s, while the control sample showed 0°.

Adsorption behavior of Na atom on T-carbon (111) surface by first principles calculations

In this paper, the adsorption behavior of Na atom on T-carbon (111) surface is investigated in detail by first principles calculations. The adsorption of Na atom on the T-carbon (111) surface is a chemical adsorption with excellent stability. The minor opening of the bandgap is present. The charges transfer from Na atom to C atom, which leads to a transition of the bonding properties from covalence to ionicity. For the H-site adsorption system, the adsorption energy is the lowest, indicating that the system is the most stable. At the same time, C-Na has the lowest bond population, indicating its strong ionic property. Additionally, the dielectric loss of the adsorbed system reduces, especially for the H-site adsorption, which is conducive to the improvement of the service life in electron material devices. In absorption spectrum, the peak values decrease and shift to the lower energy direction, resulting in the appearance of redshift phenomenon. The reflection peak and energy loss values are greatly reduced, in which the trend is most obvious for the H-site adsorption. The above analysis results provide a theoretical basis for the application of photosensitive devices and open a window on the design and control the micro-nano devices.

The transition to turbulence in rarefaction-driven Rayleigh–Taylor mixing: Effects of diffuse interface

Effects of interface diffusion on the transition to turbulence in rarefaction-driven flows are numerically investigated via Implicit Large-Eddy simulation. Three-dimensional, multimode perturbations are imposed on the diffuse interface between Air and SF6, with various diffusion layer thicknesses. A non-constant acceleration ranging from 103g0 to 104g0, where g0 is the acceleration due to gravity, is generated by the interaction between the interface and a rarefaction wave. Evolution of first- and second-order statistics, instantaneous flow structures, and the power spectrum of turbulent kinetic energy as well as spatial distributions of energy budget are evaluated, in order to confirm the accuracy and robustness of the mixed mass transition criterion proposed here. Meanwhile, it turns out that transitional behaviors are mainly governed by Reynolds normal stresses in the plane perpendicular to the streamwise direction. Furthermore, as interface diffuses, the decrease in peak values of pressure and advection components dominated in the laminar regimes, particularly at the bubble tips, eventually leads to transition delay.

Biomarkers and Fever in Children with Cancer: Kinetics and Levels According to Final Diagnosis.

We investigated the kinetics of CRP, PCT, IL-6 and MR-proADM in a cohort of consecutive febrile patients with cancer in order to test the hypothesis that higher plasma concentrations and the absence of a rapid decrease in peak values would be associated with disease severity. (1) Method: A prospective descriptive and analytical study of patients with cancer and fever (≤18 years of age) at a University Hospital was carried out between January 2018 and December 2019. Information collected: sex, age, diagnosis, date and symptoms at diagnosis and medical history. The episodes were classified into three groups: bacterial infection, non-bacterial infection and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). (2) Results: One hundred and thirty-four episodes were included. Bacterial infection criteria were met in 38 episodes. Biomarkers were measured at four different points: baseline, at 12–24 h, at 25–48 h and at 49–72 h. All the biomarkers evaluated decreased after the peak level was reached. IL-6 and MR-proADM showed a trend towards higher levels in the SIRS group although this rise was statistically significant only for IL-6 (p < 0.005). Bacterial infections more frequently presented values of PCT above the cut-off point (>0.5 ng/mL) at 12–24 h. (3) Conclusion: In our experience, IL-6 kinetics is faster than PCT kinetics and both are faster than CRP in patients with fever and cancer who present a good outcome. Patients with a good evolution show a rapid increase and decrease of PCT and particularly of IL-6 levels.

The effect of infrared radiation on gluten aggregation and pasting properties of wheat flours with different protein content

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of a designed infrared (IR) assisted ribbon mixer system for thermal modification of wheat flours that had different protein content and intended use (bread, cake, and biscuit wheat flours). Additionally, the effect of IR treatment, which was conducted using five different IR power levels for either short or medium wave IR emitters, on gluten content and quality, gluten aggregation and rheological properties of flours were determined. IR treatment resulted in minor crude protein loss (1–2%) in flours. Moreover, the effect of IR treatment on wet gluten and gluten index values was insignificant for bread and cake wheat flours, while it was significant for biscuit wheat flour. Torque maximum values were not significantly affected from IR treatment regardless of the flour type while the treatment caused a significant decrease in peak maximum time values up to 33%. Besides, the effect of IR treatment on maximum viscosity and breakdown viscosity values was insignificant for all flour types (p > 0.05). It was concluded that IR treatment may cause minor changes in gluten functionality and pasting properties of the flours depending on the type of flour and process conditions.

Study on shortwave radiative transfer characteristics in polydisperse aerosols in a clear sky

The shortwave radiative transfer is a key factor in the utilization of solar energy and the balance in the earth's radiation budget, and need accurate calculations in research. In clear sky, aerosol is the main medium that interacts with the shortwave radiative transfer, and the accuracy of radiative transfer simulation will be affected by the polydispersity of aerosols. In this paper, a new program of Monte-Carlo ray-tracing (MCRT) is written to simulate the radiative transfer of polydisperse aerosols. The new method of dividing regions with different particle sizes in this paper is used to improve the calculation accuracy, and the scattering process of photons in polydisperse aerosols can be tracked. The difference between the new method and the traditional method (radiative transfer calculation using the average parameters in the particle system) is calculated. The effects of different input parameters on the photon radiative transfer and the order of scattering are studied. The results show that the absorptivity of the new method at different wavelengths is 3.727 % higher on average than the other one, and at the different imaginary part of the complex refractive index (n ± ki) is first greater than the traditional method and then less than it, the intersection of the two curves is ki = 0.008 (absorptivity = 0.48), there is a significant difference between the two methods. The transmissivity curve has an extreme value with the change of wavelength and complex refractive index, and the extreme point is at λ = 3.75 μm and ki = 0.1. Meanwhile, the order of scattering of Photon radiative transfer under the influence of AOD has a normal distribution characteristic, and the AOD corresponding to the peak of normal distribution increases with the order of scattering, but the peak value decreases.

Development of hybrid composites reinforced with biocarbon/carbon fiber system. The comparative study for PC, ABS and PC/ABS based materials

A PC/ABS blend was used to prepare hybrid composites reinforced with the use of a biocarbon/carbon fiber (BC/CF) system. The purpose of using blends of this type was to reduce the degradation of PC during the blending processes, which turned out to be effective already at 40% ABS in the blend structure. TGA analysis and rheological measurements confirmed that the addition of ABS in the matrix structure allowed reduction of PC hydrolytic degradation. The decrease in DTG peak value for the PC/20BC composite is even 50 °C, whereas for the ABS/20BC sample the peak values were the same as reference pure ABS. Izod tests showed that the impact resistance for ABS/BC composites was more than twice as high as PC/BC materials, 37 J/m to 13 J/m respectively. For PC/ABS composites, the addition of ABS in the structure also served to improve impact resistance. The main purpose of the hybridized reinforcement application was the reduction of thermal expansion in the material and homogenization of the fibrous CF structures. For reference PC/20CF samples the difference in CLTE values is over 1000%, while for PC/20(BC-CF) hybrid composites it is reduced below 300%. Detailed analysis of the expansion characteristics, carried out by TMA methodology, showed significant improvement in the isotropy of hybrid materials, which was also confirmed by structural observations. The improvement of process stability as well as excellent thermomechanical parameters indicates that biocarbon can be an excellent additive for standard fibrous reinforcement, limiting the phenomenon of structure anisotropy.