Herbal Medicine Decoction Research Articles

Preparation and characterization of self-assembling nanoparticles in Gancao Ganjiang decoction

Gancao Ganjiang decoction (GGD) is one of the classic formulas in China known for its effective therapeutic effects in treating various diseases. Component research before and after the compatibility of Gancao and Ganjiang revealed that 6-gingerol content considerably changed. Compared with the decoction of Ganjiang, 6-gingerol in GGD demonstrated improved solubility. It was assumed that the partially hydrophilic glycyrrhizic acid and 6-gingerol self-assembled into nanoparticles, which then improved the solubility of 6-gingerol. The self-assembled nanoparticles in GGD were separated and characterized. Subsequently, 6-gingerol–glycyrrhizic acid nanoparticles (6-Gin-Gly NPs) were further prepared and characterized via dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The formation mechanism of the self-assembled nanoparticles was examined using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and molecular docking. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the 6-Gin-Gly NPs was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonic acid)+ (ABTS+) free radical scavenging assays, which confirmed that the nanoparticles considerably enhanced their in vitro antioxidant capacity. In this study, the solubility of insoluble components was improved by the formation of self-assembled nanoparticles, which provided substantial reference data for the study of complicated multi-component interaction in herbal medicine decoction.

AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF TERATOZOOSPERMIA: A SINGLE CASE STUDY

Male infertility is a significant factor in over 40% of infertility cases. This research paper presents a case study of a 35-year-old Indian labourer working in a steel factory who reported symptoms of Mlan-Shishnata (loss of erection during intercourse), Alpaharsha (reduced sexual desire) along with a history of 4 years without a child. The patient was diagnosed as Klaibya, a condition characterised by male sexual dysfunction, with teratozoospermia, a condition involving abnormal sperm morphology. Ayurvedic therapy, specifically Vajikaran chikitsa, was administered to the patient following an Abhyantar Shodhana (bio-cleansing) procedure. The treatment protocol included Koshtha-Shuddhi (purgation) with the decoction of herbal medicines and Yogbasti. Additionally, the patient received Bastand Vrushya Basti for two months and oral intake of specific Ayurvedic formulations for three months. The patient's progress was evaluated using the International Index of Erectile Function and semen analysis before and after three months of treatment. Semen analysis after treatment revealed that 63% of the patient's sperm exhibited normal morphology, indicating a substantial enhancement compared to the initial Teratozoospermia condition, along with significant improvement in erectile function, orgasmic function, Sexual desire, Intercourse satisfaction and Overall satisfaction of the individual demonstrating the successful use of Ayurvedic formulations in treating Klaibya w.s.r.t. teratozoospermia without any reported adverse side effects. This case study underscores the diverse range of Ayurvedic therapy options available for addressing male infertility disorders.

Topical Chinese Herbal Medicine Treatment of a Non-healing Leg Wound in a Horse: A Case Report

Wound care in horses, particularly chronic non-healing lesions, pose a major medical challenge for equine practitioners and can result in considerable financial loss as well as missed training goals for owners. The lower equine limb is particularly susceptible to damage due to the lack of protective muscling and superficial synovial and tendinous structures. This paper presents the treatment of a non-healing distal leg wound in a horse by topical application of a Chinese herbal medicine decoction using a traditional Chinese veterinary medicine (TCVM) approach. The patient had sustained damage to the palmar aspect of the flexor tendons on the left thoracic limb caused by jumping off a transport vehicle. This injury was initially treated by cleaning the area, topical erythromycin antibiotic ointment and intramuscular injection of penicillin for 3 days. Over a 2-month period the initial trauma progressed to a chronic non-healing wound. Medical management of the wound was then changed to topical application of a Chinese herbal decoction which was applied 3 times daily. Over a 29-day period, this treatment encouraged normalization of the wound healing process with epithelization, tissue remodeling and normal scar formation. The clinical results achieved in this horse suggest topical treatment with Chinese herbal medicine can decrease complications and speed the healing process of chronic wounds. The use of the topical herbal formula in this case was convenient, simple to use, and cost effective.

Effectiveness and Safety of Duantengyimu-tang for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Effectiveness and Safety of Duantengyimu-tang for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF KLAIBYA (IMPOTENCE) WITH TERATOZOO-SPERMIA: A SINGLE CASE STUDY

Male infertility is a significant factor in over 40% of infertility cases. This research paper presents a case study of a 35-year-old Indian labourer working in a steel mill who reported symptoms of Ling-Shaithilyata (loss of pe-nile erection), Mlana-Shishnata (loss of erection during intercourse), and Alpaharsha (desire for intercourse) along with a history of 3-5 years without a child. The patient was diagnosed as Klaibya, a condition character-ised by male sexual dysfunction, with teratozoospermia, a condition involving abnormal sperm morphology. Ayurvedic therapy, specifically Vajikarna chikitsa, was administered to the patient following an internal Sho-dhana (bio-cleansing) procedure. The treatment protocol included Koshtha-Shuddhi (purgation), a decoction of herbal medicines, and Yogbasti. Additionally, the patient received Vasti-Bastand Vrushya Basti for two months and oral intake of specific Ayur-vedic formulations for three months. The patient was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function and semen analysis before and after three months of treatment. Semen analysis after treatment revealed that 63% of the patient's sperm exhibited normal morphology, indicating a substantial enhancement compared to the initial teratozoospermia condition and significant improvement in erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire, Intercourse satisfaction and Overall satisfaction of the individual demonstrating the successful use of Ayurvedic formulations in treating Klaibya w.s.r.t. teratozoospermia without any reported adverse side effects. This case study underscores the diverse range of Ayurvedic therapy options available for addressing male infertility disor-ders.

A Review on the Ksheerdhooma – a Unique Modality of Panchakarma

Abstract: ksheerdhooma is a sort of Swedana that falls under the umbrella of Nadi Sweda and Bashpa Swedana. A decoction of herbal medicines and cow's milk is blended and heated in this therapy. Steam vapours arise from the tube and are applied to the afflicted area of the patient's body or the entire body. It is commonly used to treat Jatrurdhwagata Vata Vyadhi. Swedana is also known as dhuma because steam is breathed via a gaping mouth. However, the process is similar to Swedana's. It can be classified as bashpa sweda, in which the face is fomented by vapours of the decoction. Ksheera dhuma with milk decoction vapours causes the body part to sweat, which opens the pores. This aids in the relief of inflammation and stiffness in the afflicted areas. This stimulates nerve endings and opens micro channels beneath the skin. Ksheera Dhooma is a Snigdha variant of Nadi Sweda, and its mode of action is determined by the drug used for therapy as well as procedural effects. Ksheerdhooma is an important swedana procedure, thus in this publication, we strive to establish a standard operative process and determine the efficacy of ksheerdhooma.

Safety and Efficacy of Chaigui Ganjiang Decoction plus Rectal Administration of Chinese Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis

Safety and Efficacy of Chaigui Ganjiang Decoction plus Rectal Administration of Chinese Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis

Natural Small-Molecule-Based Carrier-Free Self-Assembly Library Originated from Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine.

The carrier-free self-assembly of small molecules opens a new window for the development of nanomaterials. This study is dedicated to developing binary small-molecular self-assemblies derived from phytochemicals in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Among them, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma are a common pair used in clinics for thousands of years. Here, we found that there were numerous spherical supramolecular nanoparticles (NPs) originated from Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma decoction. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the composition of the supramolecules, and a total of 119 phytochemicals were identified (23 anthraquinones, 31 alkaloids, 24 organic acids, 8 tannins, and other components). Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) showed that the interaction between Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma was a spontaneous exothermic reaction, indicating that their phytochemicals had the property of self-assembly and interacted to form supramolecules in the decocting process. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV, IR, NMR, and ITC were used to verify that rhein and coptisine could self-assemble into nanofibers (Rhe-Cop NFs), while emodin and coptisine could self-assemble into nanoparticles (Emo-Cop NPs). The formation mechanism analysis of the self-assemblies revealed that they were induced by electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and π-π stacking, forming nanospheres of about 50 nm and nanofibers. The current study not only provides an idea of discovering carrier-free self-assemblies from traditional herbal medicine decoction but also supplies a reference for the design of binary self-assembly of small molecules in the future.

A Survey on Korean Medicine Doctors’ Recognition and Treatment for Developing Korean Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline of Female Infertility

Objectives: This study was conducted to develop a Korean Medicine(KM) Clinical Practice Guidelines(CPG) of female infertility. We conducted this questionnaire survey to reflect the experiences of Korean Medicine doctors(KMD) and clinical field in Korea.Method: We sent a questionnaire survey to KMD belonging to the Association of Korean Medicine by e-mail. We received 665 responds, and analyzed the answers.Results: 51.2% of respondents knew the previously developed CPG of female infertility, and 18.3% actually used. 83.3% agreed about the necessity of CPG of female infertility, and 80.3% had practical use plan. 90.2% of respondents treated less than 5 infertility woman for a month. 22.7% of respondents treated 50% of patients with collaborative treatment of KM and Western medical treatments. The main age group of patients was ‘35~40 years’(54.7%), and the most common cause was unexplained infertility(61.7%). The most common pattern identification of female infertility patients was Kidney deficiency(55.4%). KMD used 'a combination of decoction of herbal medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion treatment' the most(43%), and 'a decoction of herbal medicine treatment alone' was next(35%). 84.2% conducted lifestyle modification education about diet, stress, exercise etc.Conclusion: We figured out Korean Medicine doctors' recognition about CPG of female infertility, preference of treatments, and also characteristics of patients visiting Korean Medical clinics to make a practical CPG reflecting clinical situation.

Traditional herbal medicine and nanomedicine: Converging disciplines to improve therapeutic efficacy and human health.

Traditional herbal medicine (THM), an ancient science, is a gift from nature. For thousands of years, it has helped humans fight diseases and protect life, health, and reproduction. Nanomedicine, a newer discipline has evolved from exploitation of the unique nanoscale morphology and is widely used in diagnosis, imaging, drug delivery, and other biomedical fields. Although THM and nanomedicine differ greatly in time span and discipline dimensions, they are closely related and are even evolving toward integration and convergence. This review begins with the history and latest research progress of THM and nanomedicine, expounding their respective developmental trajectory. It then discusses the overlapping connectivity and relevance of the two fields, including nanoaggregates generated in herbal medicine decoctions, the application of nanotechnology in the delivery and treatment of natural active ingredients, and the influence of physiological regulatory capability of THM on the in vivo fate of nanoparticles. Finally, future development trends, challenges, and research directions are discussed.

Herbal Medicine for Behçet's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Patients with Behçet’s disease often use complementary and alternative medicine for treating their symptoms, and herbal medicine is one of the options. This systematic review provides updated clinical evidence of the effectiveness of herbal medicine for the treatment of Behçet’s disease (BD). We searched eleven electronic databases from inception to March 2020. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs of BD treatment with herbal medicine decoctions were included. We used the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions to assess the risk of bias and the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach to assess the certainty of evidence (CoE). Albatross plot was also used to present the direction of effect observed. Eight studies were included. The risk of bias was unclear or low. The methodological quality was low or very low. Seven RCTs showed significant effects of herbal medicine on the total response rate (Risk ratio, RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.45, seven studies, very low CoE). Four RCTs showed favorable effects of herbal medicine on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) level compared with drug therapy. Herbal medicine favorably affected the ESR (MD −5.56, 95% CI −9.99 to −1.12, p = 0.01, I2 = 96%, five studies, very low CoE). However, herbal medicine did not have a superior effect on CRP. Two RCTs reported that herbal medicine significantly decreased the recurrence rate after three months of follow-up (RR 0.23, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.63, two studies, low CoE). Our findings suggest that herbal medicine is effective in treating BD. However, the included studies had a poor methodological quality and some limitations. Well-designed clinical trials with large sample sizes are needed.

KSHEERA DHOOMA: A TRADITIONAL PRACTICE WITH MULTIFOLD APPLICATION

Ksheera Dhooma is an effective and popular Ayurvedic procedure in which decoction of herbal medicines and cow’s milk are mixed, heated and the emitted vapours are directed through a rubber tube. The steam coming out of the tube is applied to the whole body or the affected part of the patient’s body. It is used in the treatment of facial paralysis, lock jaw and disorders of head and neck, with Vata Dosha imbalance. Though Ksheera Dhooma is considered as a type of Sweda, it is termed as Dhooma because steam is inhaled with gaping mouth. Ksheera Dhooma has multi-fold benefits like facilitating proper blood circulation of the body and relaxation of the mind, lubrication of the joints, relief from pain, spasms and stiffness of the muscles and joints. This study was performed with an aim to review the procedure of Ksheera Dhooma or Palpuka Swedam, understand the standard operating procedure and its efficacy.

Application of information management in commissioned decoction of Chinese Herbal Medicine in our hospital

Application of information management in commissioned decoction of Chinese Herbal Medicine in our hospital

Network Meta-analysis of traditional Chinese medicine in treating drug-induced liver injury

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicine in the treatment of drug-induced liver injury(DILI). By searching the randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of the Chinese medicine published in CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, in a time limit from database establishment to May 1, 2020. The bias risk assessment and Meta-analysis were then conducted for the included studies. Seventeen studies were finally included, all of which were RCTs, including 1 407 patients. The experimental group was treated with Chinese herbal medicine decoction or Chinese patent medicine, involving a total of 11 kinds of drugs, and the control group was treated with conventional Western medicine. Meta-analysis results showed that, in terms of treatment effective rate, Yinlan Yigan Granules, Shuganning, Jiangmeiling Capsules, Baidan Shugan Recipe and Sini Shugan Decoction were all superior to Western medicine treatment. In terms of reducing alanine aminotransferase(ALT), Yinlan Yigan Granules, Shuganning, Hugan Jiedu Recipe, Wuzhi Tablets, Wucao Baogan Recipe and Liuwei Wuling Tablets were superior to Western medicine. In terms of reducing aspartate aminotransferase(AST), Shuganning, Hugan Jiedu Recipe, Wucao Baogan Recipe, Liuwei Wuling Tablets and Sini Shugan Decoction were all superior to Western medicine. In terms of reducing total bilirubin(TBiL), Yinlan Yigan Granules, Shuganning, Jiedu Hugan Yin, Wuzhi Tablets, Wucao Baogan Recipe, Baidan Shugan Recipe and Sini Shugan Decoction were all superior to Western medicine treatment. Combined with network Meta-analysis and probability ranking, it can be seen that, Jiangmeiling Capsules, Shuganning, Sini Shugan Decoction and Baidan Shugan Recipe were most likely to be the best drugs to improve the efficiency and reduce ALT, AST, TBiL, respectively, with certain advantages compared to conventional Western medicine treatment. Of the seventeen studies included, eight studies described safety issues, three of which involved the test group, all of which were minor adverse reactions that disappeared after drug withdrawal or symptomatic treatment. However, due to the low quality of the included studies, more high-quality clinical studies are needed for further verification, thus providing more evidence-based medical evidence for Chinese medicine intervention in DILI.

COVID-19 Pandemic: Home Remedies for Immunity Boosting

COVID- 19 has created a lot of hazardous health issues worldwide. Research fraternity around the world is trying to find out vaccine or medicines against the virus. In this pandemic situation, there is a need for remedies to boost the immunity to fight against the virus. Ayurveda treatises have described several herbal drugs which are used as home remedies and are said to be effective against all microorganisms and effective in boosting immunity. Home remedies can be played a vital role as immunomodulant. Hence in this paper, an attempt is made to review such home remedies and identify its efficacy on various conditions. The relevant references were searched on the internet to find out the scientific data available on home remedies. Fumigation, Rasayan drugs, a decoction of herbal medicines found more useful. Tinospra cordifolia, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ocimum sanctum, Withania somnifera, Curcuma longa are most decorated single herbal drugs used as home remedies for boosting the immunity. Considering the global disease burden caused by COVID-19, there is an urgent need to explore and widened the use of home remedies to fight against COVID-19 menace effectively.

Study on quality standard of fried Vaccariae Semen standard decoction

According to the preparation principle of standard decoction of Chinese herbal medicines, fourteen batches of fried Vaccariae Semen decoction were prepared in this study and the quality research was carried out to establish a quality evaluation method for the standard decoction of fried Vaccariae Semen. The contents of vaccarin were determined, and its transfer rate from decoction piece to standard decoction was calculated. The extract rate and pH value were measured, and HPLC fingerprint method was established for analysis. The results of the 14 batches of samples revealed that the transfer rates of vaccarin were between 58.98%-93.94%; the extract rates were between 8.67%-17.83%, and the pH values were between 5.55-6.44. Moreover, 9 common chromatographic peaks were identified in fingerprints analysis. The similarities of the 14 batches of samples were analyzed and compared, and the results showed that the similarities were all higher than 0.96. In this study, the preparation process for fried Vaccariae Semen standard decoction was standard, with high similarities in fingerprint. A convenient and reliable method of comprehensive quality evaluation was established in this study, with a high precision, stability and repeatability, which can provide a reference for the quality control of fried Vaccariae Semen standard decoction, dispensing granule and related Chinese classical formulas(decoction).

Effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine for primary Raynaud's phenomenon: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

To evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine for primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP). The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang Database were searched up to February 13, 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on treatment of PRP with Chinese herbal medicine compared with placebo, blank control, lifestyle changes, or calcium antagonists were identified and reviewed. The quality of included trials was assessed using a risk of bias tool. Eight RCTs involving 674 participants were included. The methodological quality of the included trials was generally poor. Meta-analysis of two trials showed that Buyang Huanwu Tang plus Danggui Sini Tang produced greater improvement in global symptoms than nifedipine. One trial showed that Danggui Sini Tang and a self-composed Chinese herbal medicine decoction, respectively, produced greater improvement in global symptoms than nifedipine alone. In one trial, modified Danggui Sini Tang showed greater improvement in global symptoms and arterial peak systolic velocity compared with nifedipine. One trial showed that Jiejing Tongmi Tang produced greater improvement in global symptoms, plasma endothelin, and plasma nitric oxide than cinepazide maleate injection. However, Jiejing Tongmi Tang did not produce a significant difference in skin temperature and peripheral artery blood stream drawing after cold pressor testing compared with cinepazide maleate injection. None of the trials reported frequency of attacks, duration of attacks, participant preference scores, or adverse events. Chinese herbal medicine may have a positive effective on PRP. However, owing to weak methodology, the benefits of Chinese herbal medicine for PRP are inconclusive. More rigorously designed studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Expert consensus on clinical application of Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces (First Edition)

Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces(CHMDP), one of the main forms of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in clinic, have been widely used. However, the irrational use is increasingly serious due to the lack of the indicators for judging the rational use of CHMDP in medical institutions and the codes and standards for the clinical use of CHMDP. In order to regulate the rational clinical use of CHMDP, improve the clinical efficacy and ensure the drug safety for the patients, clinical pharmaceutical experts and clinical medical experts from 40 third-grade class-A hospitals nationwide were organized to give the "expert consensus on clinical application of CHMDP" in terms of prescription writing, combined use of drugs, use of special drugs, and drug use for special population. Detailed analysis and argumentation were conducted in accordance with the laws and regulations, Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition, Chinese Pharmacopoeia Code Notice for Clinical Use of Medicine, Administrative Regulations for Prescriptions, Administrative Specifications for Hospital Prescription Review(interim), and Chinese Traditional Medicine Prescription Format and Writing Specifications, as well as relevant project findings.

Herbal medicine for the management of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia: A protocol for a systematic review of controlled trials.

Background:Trigeminal neuralgia is an oral facial pain that is limited to one or more parts of the trigeminal nerve. As it becomes chronic, it can seriously affect the quality of life of most patients, and it is expected to increase in incidence in modern aging society. The objective of this systematic review protocol is to provide methods for evaluating the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines for idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN).Methods:A total of 14 databases will be searched for studies uploaded from inception to the present date that investigated the treatment of ITN. These databases are MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, PsycARTICLES, four Korean databases, two Chinese databases, and two Japanese databases. We will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing herbal medicine decoctions used to treat any type of ITN. All RCTs of decoctions or modified decoctions with any type of form of herbal medicine will be eligible for inclusion. The methodological quality of randomized controlled trials will be analyzed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool to assess risk of bias, and the confidence in the cumulative evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) instrument.Ethics and dissemination:The results of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated electronically and in print. To inform and guide healthcare practices, the review will be updated.Trial registration number:PROSPERO CRD42020129667.

The law of Chinese herbal medicine decoction for AIDS based on data mining

The law of Chinese herbal medicine decoction for AIDS based on data mining