Decent Housing Research Articles

JURIDICAL REVIEW OF BANKRUPTCY IN SIGNING AGREEMENT ON BUYING SELLING OF FLAT IN MEDAN

Flats as a place to live with the hope of meeting the needs of the community, especially those who live in cities, there is no reduction in excessive land use and creating infiltration areas for water. With the increase in the number of people in 2010-2020 with an annual average of around 1.25%, it indirectly results in greater decent housing due to the dense population and limited land in the city, thus creating flats. The purpose of the study is to analyze the signing of the Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement (PPJB) for flats, the legal consequences if the developer of the flat goes bankrupt and dispute resolution if the settlement period by the developer defaults on the PPJB flats. The normative juridical method used in this study. With the results, the process of making PPJB flats must meet Article 1320 of the Civil Code as a condition for the validity of the agreement and be made before a Notary. Consequence with a declaration of bankruptcy against the developer resulting in general confiscation of the assets of all assets owned by the developer. Settlement of disputes caused by the inappropriateness of the apartment unit building or the lapse of the settlement period carried out by the developer, is carried out through a non-litigation process (out of court) and if there is no reconciliation, it can be continued with the litigation process (through the court process).

PENGARUH PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP RISIKO PEKERJAAN KONSTRUKSI DI KOTA PADANG

<p><em>The Province of West Sumatra, especially the City of Padang, before the COVID-19 pandemic was actively building housing that really helped the community in the availability of decent housing. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a decline in the number of construction projects across the country, including housing developments. So in this study, we want to know about the influence of COVID-19 on the risk of work carried out in the construction world in the city of Padang, especially in housing construction. The results of the study contained 8 risk factors for delays (material factors); labor factors (labors); equipment factors (equipment); financial factors (financing); environmental/situation factors (environment); regional restriction factors (PSBB/PPKM); Site characteristics, managerial factors and 57 risk variables for housing construction during the COVID-19 pandemic that affected work delays, found the 10 highest risks. Strategies that can be applied to the implementation of Housing Construction Projects during the pandemic and post-pandemic, are adjusted to the main factors that are formed. For the first Main component, the solutions that can be applied include: 1) Controlling the Project cash flow effectively and efficiently; 2) Application of the method of analysis of the value of the results (earn value method) to control the project budget and time; 3) Prepare project unexpected budgets; 4) Apply strict health protocols to ongoing projects</em><em></em></p>

Mapping home, memory and spatial recovery in forced displacement

ABSTRACT Escaping war and persecution during the twenty-tens, over two-million displacees made life-risking journeys into Europe. Trauma continued for those who managed to cross borders and reach new havens: grappling with migration systems, searching for decent housing, and striving for social integration. This article presents empirical findings of a multi-modal participatory mapping project conducted with refugees and asylum seekers in Southwest England, and highlights the impact of memory and deep creative mapping on the spatial practice of making-home in forced displacement. The resulting maps embody spaces of recovery; memoryscapes revealing synergies between the constructs of memory and the concept of home in exile. The project asks how a creative participatory method of mapping home through memory reconsolidation can ameliorate the trauma of displacement and aid the re-making of home.

VERTICAL RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IN MEDAN CITY IN SUPPORTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Regional development strategy emphasizes economic growth, then growth and employment opportunities, growth and equity, emphasis on basic basic need approach, growth and the environment and sustainable development . Regional development that can cause spatial changes in urban areas will encourage population growth, thus forming a new social and cultural life for residents in urban areas. This phenomenon of spatial change will encourage revolutionary changes to the spatial area. The current condition of spatial change is the designation of new activities such as residential areas for community dwellings. Housing development is a multi-sectoral activity and is closely related to community welfare. In its development, the housing sector, which should be the spearhead in urban development, often contributes serious problems for life in the city itself. Many problems stem from the housing sector, such as the unavailability of a proper housing environment. This problem is often a problem that cannot be handled optimally. Not to mention, the growth and development of housing that does not pay attention to the interests of the community from various circles, especially the low-income community, can create gaps and difficulties for MBR in obtaining decent and affordable housing. Vertical housing is a new breakthrough in minimizing land use conversion for housing, so that the problem of limited land can be solved and land use becomes more optimal. In addition, with the construction of vertical housing, it will be able to reduce the cost of buying land which is already very expensive. In the future, in developing vertical housing in addition to meeting the community's needs for residential housing, it is necessary to design sustainable housing development policies by prioritizing community participation. Therefore, in accordance with public perceptions regarding vertical housing, the development of vertical housing must lead to sustainable development that pays attention to social, economic and environmental aspects.

Rehabilitation of substandard housing program’s benefits: lesson learned from Plandi Village, Jombang Regency

The rehabilitation of substandard housing (Rumah Tidak Layak Huni or RTLH) program is an effort of both central and local governments to provide decent housing for the low-income community. Over the past four years, Plandi Village has received substandard housing rehabilitation grants in the form of building materials and cash. This research will describe the physical and non-physical benefits felt by the beneficiaries using a qualitative descriptive method based on interviews, literature studies, and related documents. The results show that the beneficiaries can experience physical benefits in the form of a house that is suitable for habitation which is sturdy and healthy in providing enough light and sanitation as well as a standardized building floor area. Meanwhile, the non-physical benefits obtained are improved and more functional space to carry out daily activities in the house, even increasing their social status.

COVID-19 lockdown and housing deprivation across European countries

Housing deprivation is a key determinant of the capacity to prevent infection and to recover from a disease because poor housing prevents adequate sheltering during a quarantine. We analyze the degree of housing deprivation faced by households in European countries when COVID-19 lockdown measures were enacted. To do so, we propose a synthetic measure that includes more dimensions than the official Eurostat indicator of severe housing deprivation. We use a fuzzy set approach to measure housing deprivation so that, unlike traditional deprivation approaches, based on a dichotomous variable, we can identify different degrees of housing deprivation for each household in the population. We find similar orderings of housing deprivation dimensions by country with the highest degree of deprivation in the living space dimension and the lowest one in the standard housing or technology deprivation dimension. Nonetheless, housing deprivation levels differ across countries, with Eastern European households being significantly more housing deprived than the rest when the lockdown began. This result shows that the effects of the lockdown on social well-being have not affected all Europeans equally and emphasizes the need for government measures that promote decent housing.

Realizing healthy homes through the latrine program in Meteseh Village Semarang Indonesia

A place of shelter and rest that fulfils physiological needs fulfils psychological needs, prevents disease transmission, prevents accidents and fulfils the concepts of cleanliness, health and beauty that can lead to a perfect life, both physically, spiritually and economically, is called a healthy home. Its characteristics include having a good water source, smooth air circulation inside and outside the room, solid and liquid waste disposal channels, freeing harmful chemicals, house cleanliness, sturdy building materials, and a green environment. Basically, housing is a basic human need and is also a determinant of public health. Decent housing for housing must meet health requirements, one of which concerns the need for latrines. The purpose of this paper is to provide insight to the Meteseh community regarding healthy homes and provide solutions for people who do not meet healthy home standards. In Meteseh Village, there are still houses that do not have latrines. This time, the types of community service programs were in the form of counselling and demonstrations. The method used was by coordinating with the village head in Meteseh, Tembalang District, Semarang, conducting field surveys, asking permission to socialize with residents regarding healthy homes, then installing latrines and evaluating after latrine installation. This activity's target is poor and has not implemented a clean and healthy lifestyle in Meteseh village. The result after the service is that the Meteseh community understands a healthy home better and also begins to apply it in their daily lives.

Urban Land and Development Management in a Challenged Developing World: An Overview of New Reflections

The urban development and management challenges of the developing world are well documented in the literature. However, the global built environment landscape is undergoing rapid changes. These changes are steeped in three fundamental imperatives, which have serious implications for the developing world. These imperatives are population growth and rising urbanisation; environmental challenges, particularly climate change and the quest to embrace sustainability as a panacea; and advances in technological development. This paper discusses these three imperatives with the view to teasing out their implications for urban development and management in the developing world. Consistent with the literature, the paper establishes that most of the population growth and rising urbanisation are occurring in the developing world, particularly Africa and Asia, and although these phenomena have the tendency to increase economic density and promote both private and public investment in urban development, especially construction/housing and related infrastructure activities, there are and will be several problems with them. These include land tenure insecurity, lack of access to decent affordable housing and the threat of destruction to heritage sites. Furthermore, environmental challenges such as poor waste management, and climate change are and will remain pressing issues requiring the adoption of sustainability credentials because of legislative requirements, moral suasion, and value addition. Despite the potential disruptive nature of technology with respect to some aspects of the built environment, it is recognised that advances in technology are essential to the achievement of optimal urban development and management outcomes in the developing world. The paper, therefore, recommends better understanding of the socio-economic, cultural, and political forces underlying urban growth in the developing world, factoring in technology and sustainability in urban development and management, and collaboration among relevant actors, particularly government and the private sector, for optimal outcomes.

Returnees and the Dilemmas of (Un)sustainable Return and Reintegration in Somalia

Voluntary return is identified as one of the durable solutions for refugee protection under the international refugee regime. There is little research into returnees’ experiences and aspirations when they return to a home country with a high level of violent conflicts, and with severe lack of safety and stability. This article draws from semi-structured interviews held with Somali returnees who returned through the voluntary repatriation programme from Kenya. The article shows the complexity behind their return experience by advancing the discussion on return based on Carling’s (2002) aspiration and ability model. The findings show that for the majority of the returnees, return cannot be said to be sustainable as they do not return to their home and as a result are displaced in camps where they face considerable challenges finding employment, decent housing, insecurity and lack of education opportunities for their children. However, their transnational networks in Kenya also matter for their return aspirations and the majority of the returnees interviewed possess aspirations to migrate, but cannot do so due to financial costs and therefore they remain trapped in immobility.

The Application Construction of Fala Kanci as Healthy House for The Future

House is everything during the current Covid-19 pandemic. The house does not only function as a place to live, but more than that it is used for work, study, sports, and others. The concept of a healthy home that must be presented during this pandemic cannot be separated from the washing of health protocols, namely an optimized natural ventilation system, the availability of isolation rooms in each home, and the provision of hand sanitizing facilities (washtafel). The concept of structuring houses in traditional houses in North Maluku is following the concept of the current health protocol. Considering that the concept of traditional houses, especially people's houses, in several aspects are following health protocols, for this reason, it is necessary to model a healthy house after the Covid-19 pandemic to get a decent healthy house as a mitigation effort from biological disasters. The purpose of this study was to observe traditional houses that apply the principles of health protocols and the basics of these houses in the form of concept drawings.The result of the research is to make a new prototype to be modeled by considering natural ventilation systems, social distancing, and sanitation systems.

Effects of Mortgage Interest Rate on Real Estate Investment in Kenya

As an investment and consumer good, real estate is significant. Like many developing countries, Kenya has struggled to give its citizens access to decent housing that is also affordable. More people are in need of housing due to urbanization, fast population growth, and rural-to-urban migration. Housing supply is less than demand as a result of several of macroeconomic and financial issues that affect real estate investment and, consequently, housing. This study looked into the impact of mortgage interest rates on real estate investment. The study, which covered the 11-year period from 2010 to 2020, used a causal research design and regression analytic research methods based on the Vector Error Correction Model. Data on real estate investments in Kenya The Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) and Cytonn quarterly investments reports were obtained from the Central Bank of Kenya. The Ministry of Finance's database on national budgets (KNBS) provided information on mortgage interest rates, A pre-estimation test was run to verify the outcomes. The variables were stationary on the first difference. The VIF test result of 1.62 indicated that there was no multi-collinearity. The 1.9122 Durbin test value suggested that there was no serial correlation. Pairwise Correlation analysis showed a moderate correlation between mortgage interest rate on real estate investment (0.578). The report suggests that in order to incentivize real estate investment, the government should offer mortgage loans at reasonable rates, control property tax rates, and promote public-private partnerships in infrastructure development.

EL MOVIMIENTO POR LA VIVIENDA EN SEVILLA. DE LA “VIVIENDA DIGNA” AL 15M

In recent times, Spain has seen the emergence of a number of social movements advocating for decent housing. This has been in parallel with the deepening and generalization of this problem for an important part of the population. These movements integrate political ideas and forms of collective action that have developed and matured over the last two decades in markedly different situations. This article proposes that, rather than disconnected groups and movements, we can speak of a long sequence of on-going mobilization with various waves of urban protests, which reached their maximum relevance under the economic crisis. This narrative takes the city of Seville as a case study and depicts the main features of this cycle as observed from an investigation based on direct participant observation.

Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated dwellings in the central Mexican plateau

A third of Mexico's population (35 M people) lacks decent housing. Current efforts to improve housing focus on structural strength and security rather than thermal comfort. However, as 59% of the population earns less than the median income, the building itself must provide adequate internal temperatures, i.e., the range between the minimum temperature suggested by WHO of 18 °C, and the maximum temperatures suggested by the CIBSE TM59:2017 criteria. Despite the perception of being a “warm” country, 38% of the Mexican population lives in places where the external temperatures often drop to 0 °C in winter falling to −6 °C during seasonal cold fronts. This is worrying, as a lack of adequate protection from low indoor temperatures is associated with high excess winter mortality rates. Hence, we undertake one of the first Class-II thermal comfort studies in a cold climate in Mexican homes. For eleven months, hourly indoor environmental and occupancy data, complemented with language-localised bi-monthly thermal comfort surveys, were matched against the Adaptive and PMV thermal comfort models. We find that only 42% of the living room occupied hours were within acceptability ranges, dropping to 22% in winter. Finally, we find that current strategies for achieving homeostatic heat balance are garment based (i.e., extra blankets or clothing), in addition to electric heaters to a lesser extent. Hence, we find that Mexican houses are presently not capable of providing adequate internal thermal environments during cold periods, suggesting the need for an extensive insulation programme.

Spatial analysis of social vulnerability in health in the Mexican South Pacific region

This article reflects on the current context of social and health vulnerability, which has become a central issue in government agendas at all levels. They represent social, economic, environmental and health processes that generate a mixed exposure of the territory and the people who inhabit it, making some more vulnerable than others; on the other hand, these conditions are also reflected in the response capacity of each individual, household and society. The objective of this research is to determine the social vulnerability in health in the Mexican South Pacific region, using the official data from the Population and Housing Census of 2020, disaggregated at the municipal level. The variables or socio-spatial conditioning factors of health have been selected, which have been standardized using an omega index to obtain a synthesis indicator of all the variables used, applying a multivariate analysis technique called Spatial Classification Scores (SCS). It allows carrying out an integration of the variables used in a systematic way, which allows a better evaluation and understanding to identify areas with greater or lesser vulnerability. The Mexican South Pacific region is a territory of great diversity and complexity, both in the social as well as in the economic and geographical context, which is why at the national level is the region with the greatest social backwardness and with the worst health rates. The results show that the highest vulnerability values are located in Cochoapa el Grande, Metlatónoc (Guerrero) and San Simón Zahuatlán (Oaxaca), characterized by high deficiencies in health services, education, decent housing and employment.

Current Trends of the European Union Integration Policy As a Reaction to the Refugee and Migrant Crisis 2015

Investing any resources and energy in integration policies today could contribute to making the European Union a more prosperous, cohesive, and inclusive place for society. However, notwithstanding the efforts made, third-country nationals continue to fare worse than domestic citizens in terms of employment, education, and social inclusion outcomes. The article examines and subsequently reviews various trends in integrating foreigners (primarily third-countries nationals and asylum seekers) on social and economic level after the outbreak of migrant and refugee crisis in 2015 until the present day. Our research suggests that the concerned group of immigrants continue to face barriers in the education system, on the labour market, and in accessing decent housing and adequate health care. All of the aforementioned aspects have become the main focus of all parties involved. Through funding, initiatives, and specific measures undertaken by both the EU and Member States with NGOs strengthen and support integration across key policy areas, albeit deficiencies are still observed.

Main References in Financing the Construction of Dwellings in the Interwar Period in Romania

Housing is a vital necessity for every person and is a symbol of existence, identity, solidarity and social cohesion, contributing to the formation of stable communities. The way of living occupies a central place in the economic policies, having direct implications on the development and the standard of living of the people and in the consolidation of the democratic processes. Solving this problem goes beyond the strict concern of people, depending on political, economic and social factors and involves coherent strategies. The strategy in the field of housing construction aims to improve living conditions, by ensuring access to decent housing for citizens, pursuing social housing construction programs, in order to support low-income people, especially young people, the unemployed and the elderly.

Feasibility of Expandable Polystyrene in the Construction of Housing of Social Interest in the City of Azogues

The lack of decent housing to settle down and have a family is one of the most relevant problems in Ecuador, currently the demographic expansion has made the population look for alternatives that are often limited by the lack of economic resources to acquire a house or apartment, it is thus that housing solutions financed and built by the State are so|ught to reduce the index of homelessness, however the construction costs that arise are high, before which alternatives are sought in terms of the materials of manufacturing, thus, the use of expandable polystyrene (EPS) in civil construction is giving great results in terms of comfort, energy reduction, price and other benefits. That is why the objective of this research work is to analyze the feasibility of the use of EPS in the construction of social housing (VIS) in the city of Azogues - Ecuador, and which are planned by the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing (MIDUVI). For which a bibliographic-documentary research methodology was used with a cross-sectional approach to studies about the use of EPS in construction. The results show that the quality of this material is highly reliable for its use in the construction of houses, so it must be used in the VIS projects executed by MIDUVI, which will generate great benefits for all the actors involved; In conclusion, there are several studies that give credit to the functionality that EPS offers, especially because it offers the possibility of being used with other traditional materials and giving a finished work of high quality in a short time.

Habitability and Hygrothermal Comfort Analysis of Social Housing in Ecuador, Temperate Continental Climatic Zone

Housing sector plays an essential role in the sustainable development of the countries; however, there are significant problems in terms of its ability to access which promotes the occurrence of solutions that guide the housing deficit reduction as well as economic savings and natural resources preservation. One key strategic would be the use of social housing as a mechanism to ensure a decent house accessed by vulnerable population. The general housing design requires satisfying characteristics of indoor environmental comfort, arising the need outlook technical solutions. This research aims to propose functional and hygrothermal improvements for social housing located in a temperate continental climate zone in The Sierra region of Ecuador. The methodology was focused on energy simulations using Design Builder software and comparing the results with the application of passive bioclimatic recommendations. In addition, based on the quantitative housing deficit this research achieves qualitative contributions in order to improve the living conditions of low-income population whose get access to social housing in Ecuador. An experimental case study, located in Azogues a canton of the province of Cañar, has been selected for the simulation analysis which belongs to a housing governmental program named Manuela Espejo promoted by the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing and special designed for people with disabilities. The research has an applicative nature approach, with a sectional scope and explanatory depth, based on primary and secondary information sources; data collection techniques were social perception surveys used to determine comfort levels of the social housing users. The results show, based on the energy simulations carried out, improvements in terms of habitability conditions and an architectural proposal compiles passive bioclimatic recommendations focused on the design of social housing in Ecuador. Therefore, this research contributes to the implementation of new social housing plans that not only would help to reduce the housing deficit, but also contribute to improving the housing indoor environmental comfort perceived by the users.

ANALYSIS OF ZERO RUPIAH DOWN PAYMENT HOUSE POLICY FORMULATION FOR LOW INCOME COMMUNITIES IN DKI JAKARTA

This study describes the public policies of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government on housing assistance for law-Income Communities. DKI Jakarta as the center of Government and economy attract people to come to the city. The scarcity and the high price of land in DKI Jakarta factors into the number of Low-Income Communities in the city who struggle to own housing/ property. The study aims to analyze the policy formulation of DKI Jakarta Provincial Government on the assistance in providing decent housing needs the policy formulation of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government for assistance in providing decent housing needs for Low-Income Communities. The research uses descriptive qualitative methods by using primary and secondary data. Data and information are obtained through interviews with the actors involved in the process of policy formulation, surveys and taking photographs related to the Zero Rupiah Down Payment House and document that can support research. From the analysis, it is found in the formulation of the Zero Rupiah Down Payment House Program policy that there should be stronger legal basis and a set of wage margin for Low-Income Communities in DKI Jakarta as well as supervision in the implementation of the program so that it is targeted to the Low- Income community by paying attention to aspects of alignments to the community need.

Identifikasi Karakteristik Ruang Bersama pada Permukiman Nelayan Untuk Optimalisasi Peremajaan Permukiman dengan Konsep Co-Living (Studi Kasus Kelurahan Kangkung, Kota Bandar Lampung)

Housing and settlements are basic needs of every human being as a place to grow and develop. In developing countries, rapid population growth results in scarcity of land and housing, especially for low-income people. Thus, slums grow on the top, edges, plains, hills and disaster-prone areas. Various initiatives to rejuvenate slums have been carried out, but have not completely succeeded in eliminating slums. Limited institutional and funding resources require an innovative approach in rejuvenating slum settlements to be more efficient, which has a significant impact on the community. The characteristics of slum settlements that are dense and have a limited residential area also require innovation to meet decent housing standards. In addition, the value of togetherness and the high level of social interaction between residents of urban villages is a potential that can be integrated in the rejuvenation of slums. In line with these challenges and potentials, co-living, the concept of living together, by sharing space for common use, is an approach that can be applied in efforts to rejuvenate settlements. As a maritime and archipelagic country, one of the characteristics of settlements that often develop in Indonesia is fishermen's settlements in coastal areas. In this study, a study was conducted on the common spaces in the fishermen's settlement of Kangkung Village, Bandar Lampung. This common room is usually used by the community to interact or carry out their activities either in the morning, afternoon, evening or night. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of the common space in fishing settlements, as well as the characteristics of its users. The handling of this common space can be prioritized to improve the social and economic conditions of the community, while at the same time providing a significant impact not only for individuals, but also for wider community groups. The research method used in this study is a qualitative inductive approach, with data sourced from field observations and interviews with stakeholders in fishing settlements, both community and government representatives. The results of this study have identified at least five shared spaces in the fishing settlements of Kangkung Village, namely markets, ports and fish auction sites (TPI), waterfront areas, road corridors and public toilets.