Debris Index Scores Research Articles

Early Childhood Caries and Risk Factors in Vietnam.

To investigate caries prevalence and examine its relationship with socioeconomic status and oral health behavior of Vietnamese kindergarten children. The study was carried out on 1,028 children aged 2-5 years in six kindergartens in Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. Information about socioeconomics and oral health behaviors was collected through a self-administered questionnaire, and oral health status by clinical dental examination. Clinical dental examination found that overall caries prevalence and mean dmft were 89.1% and 9.32. Caries prevalence and mean dmft increased greatly from two years to three years old, and gradually developed from three years to five years old. A logistic regression revealed that caries had an inverse relationship with mothers' educational level and a positive relationship with the habit of retaining food in the mouth for a long time in two-year-old children. Prolonged breastfeeding, more frequent sweets consumption, no thumb sucking habit, and higher modified debris index score were the risk factors for caries among three-to-five-year-old children. This study indicated a high prevalence of caries and related risk factors such as low mother's educational level and inappropriate oral health behavior among kindergarten children in Vietnam.

Dental neglect among children in Chennai.

Child dental neglect is the failure of a parent or guardian to meet the child's basic oral health needs such that the child enjoys adequate function and freedom from pain and infection, where reasonable resources are available to family or caregiver. The aim of the study is to evaluate the phenomenon of dental neglect among children in Chennai and to associate dental neglect with oral health status of children aged 3-12 years. This is a cross-sectional study involving 478 pairs of parents and children. Dental neglect scale and a questionnaire were used to assess the dental neglect score among parents of the children involved in the study. Oral health status of children was clinically assessed using oral hygiene index, decayed, extracted, filled teeth (def(t)), pulp, ulcers, fistula, abscess (pufa), decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT), PUFA as per the World Health Organization criteria and pufa/PUFA index. Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA were used appropriately for statistical analysis using SPSS software version 20.0. A significant higher dental neglect score was reported among the parents who reside in the suburban location (P < 0.001), whose educational qualification was secondary (P < 0.001) and who have not availed any dental service for >3 years (P = 0.001). A significant higher DMFT (P = 0.003), deft (P = 0 < 0.001), pufa (P = 0.011), and debris index (P = 0.002) scores were seen in the higher dental neglect group. Child dental neglect is seen among the parents whose educational qualification was secondary, who reside in the suburban location, and who have not utilized the dental services for more than 3 years in Chennai. This dental neglect results in poorer oral health of children.

Oral Hygiene Status of Institutionalised Dependent Elderly in India - a Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background/IntroductionFor various reasons, the care demand from elderly people is low and difficult to determine, whereas their oral hygiene status would need urgent care.ObjectiveTo assess the oral hygiene status of institutionalized dependent elderly in Bangalore City, India.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 322 dependent elderly patients was conducted at seven elderly homes of Bangalore City, India. The oral hygiene status recorded includes dental and prosthetic hygiene.ResultsThe mean Debris Index and Plaque Index scores of dentate elderly were 2.87±0.22 and 3.17±0.40, respectively, the mean Denture Plaque and Denture Stomatitis scores were 3.15±0.47 and 1.43±0.68, respectively.ConclusionThe dental hygiene was inadequate. This study emphasizes the care demand and the need for help in oral hygiene procedures for the dependent institutionalized elderly.

Clinical manifestations and dental management of dentinogenesis imperfecta associated with osteogenesis imperfecta: Case report.

Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) associated with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder that affects the connective tissues and results in dentine dysplasia. This case report discusses the systemic and dental manifestations of OI and DI in a 4-year-old child, with moderate presentation of both disorders, who was treated at King Fahd Military Medical Complex in Dhahran. Dental treatment included the use of strip and stainless-steel crowns under local anesthesia, as well as behavior modification techniques. Rigorous home care instructions, including reinforcement of the oral hygiene practice and avoidance of any episode that may lead to bone fracture, were discussed with the parents. The case was reevaluated at 3-month follow-up visits, wherein the medical and dental histories were updated, the child's growth was monitored, periodic clinical and radiographic examinations were performed, and the oral hygiene was evaluated via the debris index score and caries risk assessment. Further treatment of the permanent dentition may be needed in the future.

Periodontal status and associated factors in 15-year-old Sri Lankans.

The aim of the present study was to determine the periodontal status and associated factors in 15-year-old Sri Lankans. This was a cross-sectional study where the data were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire and a clinical examination. A total of 400 15 year olds were selected using a two-stage cluster sampling technique from schools in the Nattandiya education division of the Puttalam district of Sri Lanka. The prevalence of gingival inflammation was 86%, and nearly 7% of the adolescents had chronic periodontitis. The mean gingival index, debris index, calculus index, and oral hygiene index scores of the sample were 0.47±0.3, 0.31±0.2, 0.46±0.3, and 0.78±0.5, respectively. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the debris level, calculus level, frequency of toothbrushing, and the level of education of the mother were significantly associated with gingival status. The prevalence of gingival inflammation was high, and both the debris and calculus levels were strongly associated with gingival status in these adolescents.

Oral cleanliness of 12-13-year-old and 15-year-old school children of Sunsari District, Nepal

The aim of the study was to evaluate the oral cleanliness of school children in the District of Sunsari, Nepal. A multi-stage random sampling oral epidemiological survey was conducted in private and government, urban, rural town and rural village schools in 15 illakas of Sunsari District, Eastern Nepal. A total of 600, 12-13-year-old and 600 15-year-old school children were examined by trained examiners using the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S). The average age-group, debris and calculus index scores were combined to obtain the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S). The mean OHI-S scores were compared and evaluated using the parametric t-test for two independent samples. The mean OHI-S for urban 12-13-year-old school children was 0.98 compared to 1.34 for school children of rural towns and 1.44 for school children of rural villages and these differences in mean OHI-S were statistically significant (P < 0.005). In the 15-year-old age group, urban school children had a mean OHI-S score of 1.00 compared to 1.37 for rural towns and 1.43 for rural villages. The variance in the mean OHI-S scores were statistically significant (P < 0.005). The overall level of cleanliness in the school children surveyed was good. Children of urban schools had the lowest scores followed by school children from rural towns and then rural villages. When the mean OHI-S scores were compared with the DMFT scores, there was an inverse relationship between oral cleanliness and dental caries. Frequency of sugar consumption and the availability and affordability of fluoridated toothpaste may be important factors in the development of dental caries than oral cleanliness.

Scaling と Brushing 指導による臨床所見と歯周ポケット浸出液の Lysozyme 活性の消長

The effects of scaling and brushing-instruction on the variation of lysozyme activity in the exudate of periodontal pockets and clinical findings such as gingival index, debris-index score, pocket depth (mm) and quantity of exudate in the patients with periodontal disease was investigated at weekly intervals for a month.The following results were obtained:1. The gingival index, debris-index score, pocket depth and quantity of exudate were more significantly decreased by scaling+brushing-instruction than only by scaling to treated patients.2. The lysozyme activity in the exudate of periodontal pockets was more significantly decreased by scaling+brushing-instruction than by scaling to treated patients.3. The lysozyme activity in the exudate of pkriodontal pockets was not found to have difference between the maxilla and mandibula.

歯苔中の Histamine 量について

The histamine contents in dental plaque collected from patients with periodontal disease were measured by Hakanson & Rönnberg method, and compared with various clinical findings such as simplified gingival index, debris index, calculus index, depth of periodontal pocket, degree of bone loss and teeth mobility.The following results were obtained;1. The histamine contents in detal plaque of all subject were able to measure in the range of concentration from 0.7 to 5.3μg/wet weight mg.2. The histamine contents in dental plaque had a tendency to increase according to the progression of simplified gingival index score.3. The histamine contents was decease with the increase of debris index score.