De Canarias Research Articles

Early Colonoscopy Improves the Outcome of Patients With Symptomatic Colorectal Cancer.

Long waiting times from early symptoms to diagnosis and treatment may influence the staging and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. We analyzed the effect of colonoscopy timing on the outcome of these patients. This study aimed to compare the outcome (tumoral staging and long-term survival) of patients with suspected colorectal cancer according to diagnostic colonoscopy timing. This study is an analysis of a prospectively maintained database. The study was conducted at the Open Access Endoscopy Service of the tertiary public healthcare center Hospital Universitario de Canarias, in the Spanish island of Tenerife. Consecutive patients diagnosed of colorectal cancer between February 2008 and October 2010, fulfilling 1 or more National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence criteria, were assigned to early colonoscopy (<30 days from referral) or to standard-schedule colonoscopy at the discretion of the referring physician. Tumor staging (TNM classification) at diagnosis and long-term survival after treatment were compared in both strategies. The primary outcomes measured were the stage at presentation and overall survival, as determined by prompt or standard referral. Overall, 257 patients with colorectal cancer were diagnosed (101 at early colonoscopy and 156 at standard-schedule colonoscopy). TNM stages I and II were found in 52 (54.2%) and 60 (41.7%) patients in the early colonoscopy group and standard-schedule colonoscopy group. Stage IV was confirmed in 13 patients (13.5%) diagnosed in the early colonoscopy group and in 40 (28%) detected in the standard-schedule colonoscopy group. Survival rates at 12 and 60 months after treatment were significantly higher in the early colonoscopy group compared with the standard-schedule colonoscopy group (p < 0.001). Controlled randomization of early versus standard-referral colonoscopy, size and scope of analysis, the time interval from symptom onset to first physician assessment, and the different locations of colorectal cancer between groups were limitations of the study. Colonoscopy within 30 days from referral improves outcome in patients with symptomatic colorectal cancer. See Video Abstract at http://journals.lww.com/dcrjournal/Pages/videogallery.aspx.

Detection of the Phoenicids meteor shower in 2014

An appearance of the Phoenicids meteor shower was predicted in 2014 by using a dust trail simulation of an outburst of 1956. We detected Phoenicids meteors on December 2 through multiple observation methods. The NASA All Sky Fireball Network and the Southern Ontario Meteor Network detected five meteors of Phoenicids via video observation. The Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar (CMOR) found fourteen candidate meteors, eight of which were confirmed as Phoenicids. The observed radiant point is consistent with that of our model predictions. In addition to the above observations, a visual observation was carried out by the Japanese team near the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos (ORM) of Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC) in La Palma Island. The obtained zenithal hourly rate (ZHR) was 16.4±4.9. The maximum ZHR was roughly estimated to be between 20 and 30, which indicates that the cometary activity of parent object 289P/Blanpain in the early 20th century was only about one fifth or one eighth as high as its activity in the late 18th and early 19th century. Accordingly, it seems to be the case that 289P/Blanpain is gradually transforming from a comet to a dormant object.

A variable cognitive and communicative resource in Spanish: The first-person plural subject and object

This study analyzes the variation of the Spanish first-person plural subject and verbal object nosotros (we); nos/a nosotros—(us/to us) within a corpus of contemporary Spanish, (Corpus Conversacional del Español de Canarias, CCEC) from a cognitive theoretical framework, that has been revealed to be very useful for studying syntactic variation and the meaning that variants convey, making it possible to analyze variants as a continuum of formal and semantic-pragmatic elements that reflect the human perception of reality. The gradual dimension of cognitive salience has played an important role to conceptualize the relative relevance of participants in communicative interaction. The subject and the object in the clause are regarded as reaching different degrees of salience. The inherently diffuse nature of the Spanish first-person plural reference together with the different degrees of salience of subject and verbal object make the omission the most frequent variant, whereas the expression is rather infrequent. Results reveal that subject and object variants are used according to the nature of the textual genre and therefore create communicative styles based along the cognitive dimension of +/− objectivity axis.

The Remote Observatories of the Southeastern Association for Research in Astronomy (SARA)

We describe the remote facilities operated by the Southeastern Association for Research in Astronomy (SARA) , a consortium of colleges and universities in the US partnered with Lowell Observatory, the Chilean National Telescope Allocation Committee, and the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias. SARA observatories comprise a 0.96 m telescope at Kitt Peak, Arizona; one of 0.6 m aperture on Cerro Tololo, Chile; and the 1 m Jacobus Kapteyn Telescope at the Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain. All are operated using standard VNC or Radmin protocols communicating with on-site PCs. Remote operation offers considerable flexibility in scheduling, allowing long-term observational cadences difficult to achieve with classical observing at remote facilities, as well as obvious travel savings. Multiple observers at different locations can share a telescope for training, educational use, or collaborative research programs. Each telescope has a CCD system for optical imaging, using thermoelectric cooling to avoid the need for frequent local service, and a second CCD for offset guiding. The Arizona and Chile telescopes also have fiber-fed echelle spectrographs. Switching between imaging and spectroscopy is very rapid, so a night can easily accommodate mixed observing modes. We present some sample observational programs. For the benefit of other groups organizing similar consortia, we describe the operating structure and principles of SARA, as well as some lessons learned from almost 20 years of remote operations.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage and visuospatial and visuoperceptive impairment: disruption of the mirror neuron system.

Nearly 20% of patients who suffer a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) still display cognitive impairment even a year after follow-up. Visuospatial and visuoperceptive domains may be impaired in this cognitive impairment and may not have been fully studied in these patients. Furthermore, these cognitively impaired domains have been associated with activity in the so-called mirror neuron system (MNS). The aim of the study is to analyze the pattern of brain activity with an MNS task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study in SAH patients. A complete neuropsychological assessment and fMRI study (with observation and execution conditions) were performed in patients with a history of SAH registered in the database of the Hospital Universitario de Canarias and a healthy control group. The patients had to meet all the following inclusion criteria for the study (less than 50years old; SAH with a Fisher score 1-3; no vasospasm or ischemia; minimum follow-up of one year). Twelve SAH patients were studied. Three of which displayed visuospatial/visuoperceptive impairment. fMRI study showed the presence of higher activity in MNS regions in these patients than in patients with normal visuospatial/visuoperceptive functions. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between the test scores and brain activity in premotor regions of the studied patients. SAH patients with visuospatial/visuoperceptive impairment have greater activity in the MNS regions. This finding may be associated with a subcortical dysfunction, leading to a disruption of neural activity and less efficient behavior of this brain network.

Coincidencias léxicas entre el español de Canarias y el de la península de Yucatán

Fecha de recepción: 23 de noviembre de 2015.Fecha de aceptación: 22 de abril de 2016. Se analizan varias voces que, provenientes del Tesoro lexicográfico del español de Canarias de Corbella, Corrales y Álvarez, y del Diccionario del español yucateco de Güémez, aparecen como formas usuales tanto en las Islas canarias como en la península yucateca. en dicho análisis, se buscan coincidencias semánticas entre las palabras y se comentan, por un lado, atendiendo a los resultados de una serie de encuestas aplicadas en Mérida, Chetumal y Campeche en 2015 y, por otro, haciendo referencia a otras obras para proporcionar su distribución geolectal en la región.

BEYOND 31 mag arcsec−2: THE FRONTIER OF LOW SURFACE BRIGHTNESS IMAGING WITH THE LARGEST OPTICAL TELESCOPES

ABSTRACT The detection of structures in the sky with optical surface brightnesses fainter than 30 mag arcsec−2 (3σ in 10 × 10 arcsec boxes; r-band) has remained elusive in current photometric deep surveys. Here we show how present-day telescopes of 10 m class can provide broadband imaging 1.5–2 mag deeper than most previous results within a reasonable amount of time (i.e., &lt;10 hr on-source integration). In particular, we illustrate the ability of the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio de Canarias telescope to produce imaging with a limiting surface brightness of 31.5 mag arcsec−2 (3σ in 10 × 10 arcsec boxes; r-band) using 8.1 hr on source. We apply this power to explore the stellar halo of the galaxy UGC 00180, a galaxy analogous to M31 located at ∼150 Mpc, by obtaining a radial profile of surface brightness down to μ r ∼ 33 mag arcsec−2. This depth is similar to that obtained using the star-counts techniques for Local Group galaxies, but is achieved at a distance where this technique is unfeasible. We find that the mass of the stellar halo of this galaxy is ∼4 × 109 M ⊙, i.e., (3 ± 1)% of the total stellar mass of the whole system. This amount of mass in the stellar halo is in agreement with current theoretical expectations for galaxies of this kind.

Influence of meteorological conditions on hospital admission in patients with acute coronary syndrome with and without ST-segment elevation: Results of the AIRACOS study

ObjectiveEvaluate whether the meterological parameters affecting revenues in patients with ST-segment and non-ST-segment elevation ACS. DesignA prospective cohort study was carried out. SettingCoronary Care Unit of Hospital Universitario de Canarias. PatientsWe study a total of 307 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of ST-segment and non-ST-segment elevation ACS. We analyze the average concentrations of particulate smaller than 10 and 2.5μm diameter, particulate black carbon, the concentrations of gaseous pollutants and meteorological parameters (wind speed, temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure) that were exposed patients from one day up to 7 days prior to admission. InterventionsNone. Variables of interestDemographic, clinical, atmospheric particles, concentrations of gaseous pollutants and meterological parameters. ResultsA total of 138 (45%) patients were classified as ST-segment and 169 (55%) as non-ST-segment elevation ACS. No statistically significant differences in exposure to atmospheric particles in both groups. Regarding meteorological data, we did not find statistically significant differences, except for higher atmospheric pressure in ST-segment elevation ACS (999.6±2.6 vs. 998.8±2.5mbar, p=.008). Multivariate analysis showed that atmospheric pressure was significant predictor of ST-segment elevation ACS presentation (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04–1.24, p=.004). ConclusionsIn the patients who suffer ACS, the presence of higher number of atmospheric pressure during the week before the event increase the risk that the ST-segment elevation ACS.

Ultra-deep imaging of nearby galaxy outskirts from the ground

AbstractWe show how present-day 10 meter class telescopes can provide broadband imaging 1.5-2 mag deeper than most previous results within a reasonable amount of time ( ~ 8h on source integration). We illustrate the ability of the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio de Canarias (GTC) telescope to produce imaging with a limiting surface brightness of 31.5 mag/arcsec2 (3σ in 10 × 10 arcsec boxes). We explore the stellar halos of nearby galaxies obtaining surface brightness radial profiles down to μr ~ 33 mag/arcsec2. This depth is similar to that obtained using star counts techniques of Local Group galaxies, but is achieved at a distance where this technique is unfeasible.

Recommendations and guidelines for the development of the managing plan of the future SAC of Banco de La Concepción (Canary Islands)

Event Abstract Back to Event Recommendations and guidelines for the development of the managing plan of the future SAC of Banco de La Concepción (Canary Islands) José María Fernández-Palacios1* and Pablo Martín-Sosa1 1 Centro de Canarias, Insituto Español de Oceanografía, Spain The Conception Bank which was included in the Natura 2000 network at the end of 2014 is pending on the development and approval of a management plan for being upgraded to a Special Conservation Area (SAC). In order to facilitate this process, specific and appropriate guidelines on which the management plan can be based will be advanced in this work. Effort will be put on defining objectives of this specific zone’s future management plan and selecting indicators able to monitor such plan. However, selecting management indicators that adequately fit into the ecological attributes of a complex ecosystem and to the objectives of its management plan is a daunting challenge. For this case the development of driver-state-impacts-response (DPSIR) framework was used to determinate the elements affecting the MPA and helped to select a suitable list of indicators. Moreover a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) was used to determine the most appropriate ones, concretely a Delphi study together with an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) were used to reduce a list of 143 candidate indicators into an ultimate selection of 18. The methods and results of this study intend to streamline the MPA management plan design and its subsequent put-into-practice process so that Conception Bank SAC, more than a paper MPA, turns into a real protected area where biodiversity protection and local artisanal economic activities can meet and reconcile. Keywords: Natura 2000 network, seamounts, Canary Islands, biodiversity conservation, Macaronesia Conference: XIX Iberian Symposium on Marine Biology Studies, Porto, Portugal, 5 Sep - 9 Sep, 2016. Presentation Type: Oral Presentation Topic: 2. GLOBAL CHANGES, INVASIVE SPECIES AND CONSERVATION Citation: Fernández-Palacios J and Martín-Sosa P (2016). Recommendations and guidelines for the development of the managing plan of the future SAC of Banco de La Concepción (Canary Islands). Front. Mar. Sci. Conference Abstract: XIX Iberian Symposium on Marine Biology Studies. doi: 10.3389/conf.FMARS.2016.05.00008 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 30 Apr 2016; Published Online: 02 Sep 2016. * Correspondence: Mr. José María Fernández-Palacios, Centro de Canarias, Insituto Español de Oceanografía, San Andrés, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 38180, Spain, josemaria.ferpal@gmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers José María Fernández-Palacios Pablo Martín-Sosa Google José María Fernández-Palacios Pablo Martín-Sosa Google Scholar José María Fernández-Palacios Pablo Martín-Sosa PubMed José María Fernández-Palacios Pablo Martín-Sosa Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Biodiversity of the Order Polycladida (Platyhelminthes) in the Canary Islands

Biodiversity of the Order Polycladida (Platyhelminthes) in the Canary Islands

EATING DISORDERS IN PEDIATRIC AGE: A BOOM PATHOLOGY

to determine the characteristics of pediatric patients suffering from eating disorders that were hospitalized at Hospital Universitario de Canarias. a retrospective study in a cohort of pediatric patients diagnosed with eating disorders and admitted in our area was developed during the last seven years. out of 35 patients in our study, 85.7 % were women, onset average age 13.5. 77.1% of the cases were diagnosed as anorexia nervosa- restrictive type. The most frequent analytical alterations, detected when patients were in hospital, consisted in a drop in plasma levels in retinol binding protein (RBP)- in 57.6% of the cases- and D hypovitaminosis- in 46.9 % of them: the use of high - calories supplements was required in 71.4% of patients during hospitalization. The average weight gain was higher when the body mass index (BMI) was smaller at patient's admission to hospital (p = 0,006). Conclussions: eating disorders are increasing in pediatric age: puberty is a special vulnerable period for its development, as well as medical complications secondary to malnutrition. Admission to hospital is an essential tool for handling many cases; taking the necessary monitoring leading to a weight increase, preventing complications in nutritional support and tackling the underlying psychopathology. Diagnosis and a precocious treatment are crucial to avoid an excessive weight loss and more complications.

ETAP: una escala de tabaquismo para la atención primaria de salud

ObjectiveTo obtain a scale of tobacco exposure to address smoking cessation. DesignFollow-up of a cohort. Scale validation. SettingPrimary Care Research Unit. Tenerife. ParticipantsA total of 6729 participants from the “CDC de Canarias” cohort. MethodsA scale was constructed under the assumption that the time of exposure to tobacco is the key factor to express accumulated risk. Discriminant validity was tested on prevalent cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI; n=171), and its best cut-off for preventive screening was obtained. Its predictive validity was tested with incident cases of AMI (n=46), comparing the predictive power with markers (age, sex) and classic risk factors of AMI (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia), including the pack-years index (PYI). ResultsThe scale obtained was the sum of three times the years that they had smoked plus years exposed to smoking at home and at work. The frequency of AMI increased with the values of the scale, with the value 20 years of exposure being the most appropriate cut-off for preventive action, as it provided adequate predictive values for incident AMI. The scale surpassed PYI in predicting AMI, and competed with the known markers and risk factors. ConclusionThe proposed scale allows a valid measurement of exposure to smoking and provides a useful and simple approach that can help promote a willingness to change, as well as prevention. It still needs to demonstrate its validity, taking as reference other problems associated with smoking.

Toxic anterior segment syndrome and intracameral injection of cefuroxime axetil.

Toxic anterior segment syndrome and intracameral injection of cefuroxime axetil Susanne Gardner,1 Peter Barry,2 Luis Cordovés3 1European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Dublin, Ireland; 2Ophthalmic Surgery, St Vincents University Hospitals Group, Dublin, Ireland; 3Retina and Vitreous Section, Ophthalmology Service, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, SpainWe read with concern the findings of toxic anterior segment syndrome in patients receiving intracameral injection of cefuroxime axetil, as described in the report by Çakir et al1 in the March 2015 issue of Clinical Ophthalmology. Notably, the authors state that the form of cefuroxime used to extemporaneously compound cefuroxime for intracameral injection was cefuroxime axetil and that 17 cases of toxic anterior segment syndrome ensued. With over one million doses of intracameral cefuroxime administered to date, and with extensive clinical experience,2 the unfortunate scenario described by the authors has not been realized elsewhere.View original article by Çakır et al

HAT-P-55b: A Hot Jupiter Transiting a Sun-Like Star11Based on observations obtained with the Hungarian-made Automated Telescope Network. Based in part on radial velocities obtained with the SOPHIE spectrograph mounted on the 1.93-m telescope at Observatoire de Haute-Provence, France. Based in part on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated on the island of La Palma jointly by Denmark, Finland,

We report the discovery of a new transiting extrasolar planet, HAT-P-55b. The planet orbits a V = 13.207 ± 0.039 sun-like star with a mass of 1.013 ± 0.037 M⊙, a radius of 1.011 ± 0.036 R⊙, and a metallicity of -0.03 ± 0.08. The planet itself is a typical hot Jupiter with a period of 3.5852467 ± 0.0000064 days, a mass of 0.582 ± 0.056 MJ and a radius of 1.182 ± 0.055 RJ. This discovery adds to the increasing sample of transiting planets with measured bulk densities, which is needed to put constraints on models of planetary structure and formation theories.

Influencia de las condiciones meteorológicas en el ingreso hospitalario en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo con y sin elevación del segmento ST: resultados del estudio AIRACOS

ObjectiveEvaluate whether the meterological parameters affecting revenues in patients with ST-segment and non-ST-segment elevation ACS. DesignA prospective cohort study was carried out. SettingCoronary Care Unit of Hospital Universitario de Canarias PatientsWe studies a total of 307 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of ST-segment and non-ST-segment elevation ACS. We analyze the average concentrations of particulate smaller than 10 and 2.5μm diameter, particulate black carbon, the concentrations of gaseous pollutants and meteorological parameters (wind speed, temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure) that were exposed patients from one day up to 7 days prior to admission. InterventionsNone. Variables of interestDemographic, clinical, atmospheric particles, concentrations of gaseous pollutants and meterological parameters. ResultsA total of 138 (45%) patients were classified as ST-segment and 169 (55%) as non-ST-segment elevation ACS. No statistically significant differences in exposure to atmospheric particles in both groups. Regarding meteorological data, we did not find statistically significant differences, except for higher atmospheric pressure in ST-segment elevation ACS (999.6±2.6 vs. 998.8±2.5 mbar, P=.008). Multivariate analysis showed that atmospheric pressure was significant predictor of ST-segment elevation ACS presentation (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04-1.24, P=.004). ConclusionsIn the patients who suffer ACS, the presence of higher number of atmospheric pressure during the week before the event increase the risk that the ST-segment elevation ACS.

A search for lithium in metal-poor L dwarfs

The aim of the project is to search for lithium in absorption at 6707.8 Angstroms to constrain the nature and the mass of the brightest low-metallicity L-type dwarfs (refered to as L subdwarfs) identified in large-scale surveys. We obtained low- to intermediate-resolution (R~2500-9000) optical (~560-770 nm) spectra of two mid-L subdwarfs, SDSSJ125637.13-022452.4 (SDSS1256; sdL3.5) and 2MASSJ162620.14+392519.5 (2MASS1626; sdL4) with spectrographs on the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope and the Gran Telescopio de Canarias. We report the presence of a feature at the nominal position of the lithium absorption doublet at 6707.8 Angstroms in the spectrum of SDSS1256, with an equivalent width of 66+/-27 Angstroms at 2.4 sigma, which we identify as arising from a CaH molecular transition based on atmosphere models. We do not see any feature at the position of the lithium feature in the spectrum of 2MASS1626. The existence of overlapping molecular absorption sets a confusion detection limit of [Li/H]=-3 for equivalently-typed L subdwarfs. We provided improved radial velocity measurements of -126+/-10 km/s and -239+/-12 km/s for SDSS1256 and 2MASS1626, respectively, as well as revised Galactic orbits. We implemented adjusting factors for the CaH molecule in combination with the NextGen atmosphere models to fit the optical spectrum of SDSS1256 in the 6200-7300 Angstroms range. We also estimate the expected Li abundance from interstellar accretion ([Li/H]=-5), place limits on circumstellar accretion (10^9 g/yr), and discuss the prospects of Li searches in cooler L and T subdwarfs.

Efficiency of chlorhexidine–silver sulfadiazine-impregnated venous catheters at subclavian sites

Cost-effectiveness analyses show that chlorhexidine-silver sulfadiazine (CHSS)-impregnated catheters reduce catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) and central venous catheter (CVC)-related costs. However, no studies have reported the efficiency of CHSS-impregnated catheters for venous access when the risk of CRBSI is low; for example, at the subclavian site. This study determined the cost of a CVC, diagnosis of CRBSI, and antimicrobial agents to treat CRBSI; we did not consider the cost of increased hospital stay. This retrospective study included patients admitted to the intensive care unit at Hospital Universitario de Canarias (Tenerife, Spain) who had a subclavian venous catheter. Patients with CHSS catheters (n=353) had a lower incidence density of CRBSI (2.12 vs 0 out of 1,000 catheter-days; P=.02) and lower CVC-related cost per catheter-day (3.35±3.75 vs 3.94±9.95; P=.002) than those with standard catheters (n=518). CHSS-impregnated catheters were associated with a lower risk of CRBSI (exact logistic regression) (odds ratio,0.10; 95% confidence interval,-∞ to 0.667; P=.008) than standard catheters when controlling for catheter duration. CHSS-impregnated catheters were also associated with a lower CVC-related cost per catheter day than standard catheters (Poisson regression) (odds ratio,0.85; 95% confidence interval,0.001-0.873; P<.001). CHSS-impregnated catheters may be efficient in preventing CRBSI in patients with subclavian venous access.

First EURONEAR NEA discoveries from La Palma using the INT★

Since 2006, the European Near Earth Asteroids Research (EURONEAR) project has been contributing to the research of near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) within a European network. One of the main aims is the amelioration of the orbits of NEAs, and starting in 2014 February we focus on the recovery of one-opposition NEAs using the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) in La Palma in override mode. Part of this NEA recovery project, since 2014 June EURONEAR serendipitously started to discover and secure thefirst NEAs from La Palma and using the INT, thanks to the teamwork including amateurs and students who promptly reduce the data, report discoveries and secure new objects recovered with the INT and few other telescopes from the EURONEAR network. Five NEAs were discovered with the INT, including 2014 LU14, 2014 NL52 (one very fast rotator), 2014 OL339 (the fourth known Earth quasi-satellite), 2014 SG143 (a quite large NEA), and 2014 VP. Another very fast moving NEA was discovered but was unfortunately lost due to lack of follow-up time. Additionally, another 14 NEA candidates were identified based on two models, all being rapidly followed-up using the INT and another 11 telescopes within the EURONEAR network. They include one object discovered by Pan-STARRS, two Mars crossers, two Hungarias, one Jupiter trojan, and other few inner main belt asteroids (MBAs). Using the INT and Sierra Nevada 1.5 m for photometry, then the Gran Telescopio de Canarias for spectroscopy, we derived the very rapid rotation of 2014 NL52, then its albedo, magnitude, size, and its spectral class. Based on the total sky coverage in dark conditions, we evaluate the actual survey discovery rate using 2-m class telescopes. One NEA is possible to be discovered randomly within minimum 2.8 deg 2 and maximum 5.5 deg 2 . These findings update our past statistics, being based on double sky coverage and taking into account the recent increase in discovery.

Recurrent intraoral access to the submandibular gland. An uncommon aesthetic approach

Recurrent sub-maxillary gland disorders are relatively common. They are mainly caused by obstructive gland diseases. Other aetiologies are malignancies, autoimmune, or degenerative diseases. The traditional treatment of the submandibular gland is the surgical excision by a cervical approach. The advantages of this approach are: its simplicity, direct surgical vision, and speed of the procedure. The most important disadvantages are: unsightly cervical scar, and injury risk of the marginal branch of the facial nerve.This paper presents and discusses the intraoral approach to the submandibular gland. The advantages over the conventional approach are: the elimination of the scar and the risk of injury to the marginal branch. The main disadvantages are: the technical difficulty, reduced vision, the longer surgical time, and the possibility of lingual nerve injury.A total of 6 patients, 4 women and 2 men aged 25–60 years, underwent a sub-maxillectomy by intraoral approach in the Hospital Universitario de Canarias (Tenerife, Spain). In all cases, the aesthetic and functional results were very satisfactory, with only mild self-limited lingual nerve dysesthesia being observed at two months.We present an alternative to the cervical approach for the submandibular glands; the intraoral approach. The major advantage of this technique is to eliminate the cervical scar.