A field experiment was conducted at the instructional farm of Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India during early Pre-kharif seasons of 2020 and 2021 to evaluate the comparative performance of green gram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) under single super phosphate (SSP) and nano-phosphorus. Experiments consisted of T1: 100% phosphorus through SSP, T2: 75% through SSP +1 ml L−1 of nano-phosphorus at 15 days after sowing (DAS), T3: 50% through SSP +1 ml L−1 of nano-phosphorus at 15 DAS, T4: 25% through SSP +1 ml L−1 of nano-phosphorus at 15 DAS, T5: 100% through nano-phosphorus (1 ml L−1 at 15 and 30 DAS), T6: 100% through nano-phosphorus (2 ml L−1 at 15 DAS), and T7: control (no phosphorus). Results of the experiment revealed that whenever nano-phosphorus was applied either in combination or in alone performed better in terms of growth and yield of green gram over single use of molecular phosphatic fertilizer. Pooled data over the years revealed that application of 2 ml L−1 of nano-phosphorus at 15 DAS (T6) recorded significantly tallest plant, larger root volume, greater leaf area, maximum dry matter, longest pod, and highest number of pod plant−1 which ultimately helped in producing 33.13% more grain yield and contributing 50.28% higher profit over 100% phosphorus through SSP. It can be concluded that farmers of the Eastern sub-Himalayan region can grow green gram profitably during summer season with the foliar application nano-phosphorus 2 ml L−1 along with 20 kg nitrogen and 40 kg potassium ha−1.