Date Of Receipt Research Articles

From the Editors

A correction to the date of receipt listed in [A. A. Borovkov and A. A. Mogulskii, Large deviation principles for trajectories of compound renewal processes. I, Theory Probab. Appl., 60 (2016), pp. 207--224].

ChemInform Abstract: Woodward—Hoffmann′s Stereochemistry of Electrocyclic Reactions: From Day 1 to the JACS Receipt Date (May 5, 1964 to November 30, 1964)

AbstractReview: [182 refs.]

Woodward-Hoffmann's Stereochemistry of Electrocyclic Reactions: From Day 1 to the JACS Receipt Date (May 5, 1964 to November 30, 1964).

The publication in January 1965 of the first Woodward-Hoffmann paper, The Stereochemistry of Electrocyclic Reactions, ushered into organic chemistry both an explanation of the stereochemistry and "allowedness" or "forbiddenness" of concerted reactions and an impetus for untold numbers of research projects. In the current paper, details of the collaboration between R. B. Woodward and R. Hoffmann, from when they first met to discuss the solution to the "no-mechanism problem" to the date their first paper was received in the offices of the Journal of the American Chemical Society, will be discussed and analyzed. The primary focus will be on the historically relevant extant documents from the early 1960s. These include Hoffmann's laboratory notebooks describing his research, including his extended Hückel calculations used to explain and predict the stereochemistry of electrocyclic reactions. Drafts of the Stereochemistry of Electrocyclic Reactions paper and letters and notes by Woodward, Jerome Berson, and others will further illuminate the development of this first Woodward-Hoffmann paper.

Guest Editorial: Special issue on constrained decision-making in robotics

Noname manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Constrained Decision-Making in Robotics Marco Pavone · Stefano Carpin the date of receipt and acceptance should be inserted later As the complexity of tasks envisioned for robotic systems increases, their decision making module needs to be capable of concurrently evaluating and trading off multiple, possibly contradicting and stochastic ob- jectives. For example, a rescue robot might be required to plan trajectories so as to maximize the probability of success to reach a critical location and, at the same time, minimize the duration of the traversal. Other more general examples include trading off information gath- ering versus energy expenditures, computation time ver- sus optimality of a decision, or learning versus safety. A natural framework to address this class of problems is constrained decision-making, whereby a decision maker seeks to optimize a given cost function (often stochas- tic) while keeping other costs (usually involving risk assessments) below given bounds. In the last decade, the operations research community has made significant strides on the topics of constrained decision-making (notoriously more challenging than the unconstrained counterpart) and risk assessment in dynamic scenarios. The result is a comprehensive theory and a set of algo- rithmic tools for this class of decision-making problems. Yet, despite their relevance, these results have seen lim- ited application within the robotics domain. Accordingly, in July 2014 we organized the work- shop “Constrained decision-making in robotics: models, algorithms, and applications” during the Robotics Sci- ence and Systems (RSS) conference in Berkeley, CA. Marco Pavone Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Stanford University E-mail: pavone@stanford.edu Stefano Carpin School of Engineering University of California, Merced E-mail: scarpin@ucmerced.edu The workshop had three objectives: (1) to convene to- gether researchers working in the areas of decision-making, risk theory, and robotics, (2) to inform robotic researchers about the state of the art in constrained decision-making and modern risk theory, and (3) to formulate a research agenda on the topics of risk modeling and constrained decision-making for robotic applications. After the workshop, participants were invited to sub- mit an extended version of their work. The call for con- tributions was also extended to the broader research community and widely circulated. Eventually, six pa- pers were selected for publication and are included in this special issue. Collectively, these papers covers sev- eral robotic application domains for constrained decision- making, ranging from sensors networks to autonomous vehicles and space robotics. The first three papers deal with a deterministic prob- lem setup. Specifically, the paper “Cognitive Robots Learning Failure Contexts through Real-World Exper- imentation” by Sertac Kapinar and Sanem Sariel stud- ies how to endow robots with the ability to learn about their limitations of performance when it comes to task execution, and to capitalize on such knowledge to for- mulate risk-averse decisions subject to performance con- straints. The authors tackle the problem by using an In- ductive Logic Programming (ILP) framework, whereby hypotheses are formulated that relate execution con- texts to action outcomes. Hypotheses are continuously updated based on online observations and are used to model risks, constraints, and limitations on task exe- cution. On top of this knowledge base, a planner for- mulates decision sequences fulfilling the constraints de- rived from the learned hypotheses. The theoretical frame- work is experimentally demonstrated and validated both on a mobile robot and on a 7-DOF robotic arm perform-

Revisiting the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program cycle of food intake: Investigating heterogeneity, diet quality, and a large boost in benefit amounts

AbstractThe monthly cycle of daily food intake among adult participants in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program is examined using data from the 2007–10 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Exogenous variation in interview and benefit receipt dates provides means for identification, and a difference‐in‐differences specification is used to account for the large boost in benefits that began in April 2009 via the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). Caloric intake declined as much as 25% at the end of the month prior to ARRA, but not after implementation. Few differences were observed for diet quality measures or among subgroups. Increases in SNAP benefit amounts may help smooth food intake over the benefit month.

Proposal For a Novel Scoring System For The Diagnosis Of CLL

BackgroundImmunophenotyping is essential for the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The scoring proposed in the modified Matutes score has been the basis of diagnosis for the past 15 years and is defined by strong expression of CD5 and CD23, low or absent expression of CD79b, sIgM and FMC7. However, some markers within the current score such as sIgM display a high variability in staining patterns and thus the interpretation of expression intensity is not easily reproducible. Furthermore, the newly identified marker CD200 is not included in the current score in spite of its highly informative value in the differential diagnosis of B-cell disorders. In the study presented here we aimed to improve the current score through the addition of highly informative markers such as CD200 and the omission of sIgM as a less informative, error-prone marker. MethodsBetween February 2011 and May 2013, peripheral blood or bone marrow aspirates of patients with suspected B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders were subjected to evaluation by flow cytometry. Immunophenotyping was performed using a Navios flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter) and samples were stained by monoclonal antibodies targeting the antigens CD45, CD19, CD5, CD10, CD23, CD79b, CD200, FMC7, sIgM, kappa and lambda. Corresponding isotype controls were used. The modified Matutes score was calculated as described previously (Moreau et al., Am J Clin Pathol 1997) with positivity defined as ≥20% positive cells. Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) ratio (MFI sample/MFI isotype) was calculated as a measure of expression intensity. For our new score, optimized cut-offs for positivity vs. negativity (CD5, CD23, CD200, FMC7) and low or absent expression (CD79b) as well as sensitivity and specificity were calculated by receiver operating characteristics (ROC). The final clinical diagnosis was defined as the diagnosis established by the treating physician taking into account clinical symptoms as well as all results from diagnostic procedures, including cytomorphology, flow cytometry, cytogenetics, molecular genetics and immunohistochemistry, if available. In order to perform an internal validation of our proposed score, we divided the patient cohort into an exploratory and a validation cohort by a 2:1 ratio based on the date of receipt of the samples. ResultFlow cytometry data of 371 patients with B-cell disorders were available for analysis. 247 patients were assigned to the exploratory cohort and 124 patients were assigned to the validation cohort. 84.2% and 82.1% of patients, respectively, were diagnosed with CLL. In the exploratory cohort, sIgM-expression intensity on CD19+ B-cells (as measured by MFI ratio) was significantly lower in CLL versus non-CLL cases (p=0.001). However, low or absent sIgM-expression displayed poor specificity in distinguishing CLL from non-CLL cases (51,3%; sensitivity 83,7%). Absent or low CD79b-expression on CD19+ B-cells showed a higher sensitivity and specificity (94.2% and 71.8%, respectively). Positivity for CD200 as well as lack of FMC7-expression showed high diagnostic value (sensitivity and specificity all above 80%). Interestingly, positivity for CD5 on CD19+ B-cells did not have a strong diagnostic value (sensitivity and specificity 69.7% and 76.9%, respectively), but double positivity for CD5 and CD23 on CD19+ B-cells showed higher sensitivity and specificity (79.8% and 87.2%, respectively). Therefore, CD200+, CD23+/CD5+, FMC7- and low or absent CD79b on CD19+ B-cells were included in a new diagnostic score. The resulting score showed comparable sensitivity (97.1% for our score versus 98.6% for the Matutes score, McNemar's test p=0.38), but markedly increased specificity (87.2% versus 53.8%, p<0.001). These results were confirmed in the internal validation cohort (sensitivity 97.0% versus 100%, p=N/A; specificity 86.4% versus 59.1%, p=0.03). ConclusionThe data support the use of the improved score for the differential diagnosis of CLL. This novel scoring system exhibits significantly higher specificity while maintaining very high sensitivity and might therefore contribute to less false positive results. Finally, the surface markers contained in the novel score show more consistent staining patterns, which might further improve reproducibility. External validation of the proposed score will be pursued. Disclosures:No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

184-P: KEEP REAGENT RECEIPT AND QUALITY CONTROL UNDER CONTROL

Reagent receipt and quality control is very important in each laboratory, our aim was to implement an easy and efficient system that would document the receipt of each reagent and automatically trigger QC testing prior to use. The following steps were implemented: 1) One key technologist was identified to oversee the process. 2) An electronic Excel-based reagent tracking spreadsheet was developed. The information recorded on the tracking spreadsheet includes: reagent name, lot number, order date, receipt date, date of QC, technologist performing QC, date of QC review, date the reagent was put in-use, and, last date the reagent was in-use. The spreadsheet is simple to complete and a filtering option was added for easy searching. 3) A procedure was written and competency was documented. 4) QC testing to be completed within one week of reagent receipt was assigned by the key technologist to a specific workbench. 5) A simplified reagent QC guideline was developed. 6) QC data were reviewed for acceptability by the key technologist. 7) All QC data were then approved by the supervisor. 8) An audit of the tracking system was performed monthly. In January of 2013, after six months of implementing the system, we performed an audit of thirty random patient charts focusing on the completeness and documentation of reagent QC. The results of this audit revealed that all reagents used were documented and QC testing was complete. This represented a significant improvement over audit findings prior to the implementation of the tracking system. Streamlining reagent receiving and quality control testing is extremely important in every laboratory. Its successful implementation requires everyone’s participation. We have found that our restructured systematic process is not only easily monitored, but also 1)easily adhered to by all personnel, 2)saves time and facilitates inventory control, 3)avoids midnight reagent crises, and (best of all), 4)we are always ready for inspection.

OP29 Examining Inequalities in the uptake of the School-Based HPV Vaccination Programme in England: A Retrospective Cohort Study

BackgroundSince 2008, in the United Kingdom the HPV vaccine has been made routinely available to young women aged 12 to 13 years. A course of three doses of the vaccine...

P3.250 Early Diagnosis of Acute HIV Infection in STI Clinic Patients and Patients with Positive Syphilis Serology

BackgroundWe sought to determine if pooled nucleic acid testing (pNAT) for HIV RNA would identify early HIV infections in stored samples collected in 2008 from Edmonton (Canada) patients who were:...

IMMUNE MECHANISMS OF VIRUS CONTROL (U19): RFA-AI-12-048

Components of Participating Organizations National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Application Receipt Date(s): April 16, 2013 This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) represents the third phase of the NIAID Immune...

Grants and Contracts, JIM 61-2

Components of Participating Organizations National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Application Receipt Date(s): March 07, 2013 The purpose of this FOA is to solicit applications for the Collaborative Network...

Centers for Collaborative Research in Fragile X (U01): RFA-HD-13-004

Components of Participating Organizations Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institute of Mental Health National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Application Receipt Date(s):...

Understanding Food and Drug Administration Regulatory Requirements for an Investigational Device Exemption for Sponsor-Investigators

Clinical investigators in academic medical centers often perceive federal regulations as a significant obstacle to conducting clinical research. The regulatory authority of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) extends to...

Abstract A09: Uncovering nativity disparities in cancer patterns: A multiple imputation strategy to handle missing nativity data in the SEER database.

Abstract Introduction: The study of the effects of immigration on cancer patterns has become increasingly important for health disparities research in the U.S. While data on place of birth are routinely collected in the participating Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries, such data are missing for a large proportion of cases. Furthermore, the distribution of missing nativity data is non-random, and thus cannot be managed with simple strategies such as list-wise deletion. Here we present a multiple imputation (MI) strategy that uses variables in the SEER database to impute nativity status for Hispanic patients diagnosed with invasive cervix (CC), prostate (PC), and colorectal cancer (CRC) between 1988 and 2009. We focus on Hispanic patients, as they represent the largest immigrant group in the U.S. Methods: We used the SAS MI procedure to generate nativity values (U.S.- vs. foreign-born) by the logistic regression imputation method. Among those with known nativity status, a model was fitted for nativity using a priori-defined parameters that were clinically-relevant or significantly associated with nativity status. Parameters included age, stage at diagnosis, receipt of cancer-directed surgery and/or radiation, SEER site, and Hispanic origin. To impute missing nativity, a new regression model was simulated in 20 iterations using the posterior predictive distribution of parameters based on the fitted regression coefficients. The imputation strategy was validated in a random sample of 20% of the observed data with known nativity status. Results: Nativity was missing for 31%, 51%, and 37% of CC, PC, and CRC cases, respectively. The imputation strategy performed best for CC and PC. For these cancers, the imputation strategy correctly classified nativity for 93% of cases. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting foreign-born status was high (0.95 and 0.90, respectively, for CC and 0.94 and 0.90, respectively, for PC). For both cancers, there was very good agreement between the true and imputed values (kappa=0.83 and 0.85). While there was high sensitivity, specificity, and agreement for CRC (0.87, 0.91, 0.78, respectively), the imputation strategy misclassified nativity for 11% of cases. Conclusion: MI by logistic regression performed well for imputing nativity status for CC, PC, and CRC cases, with sensitivity ≥ 0.87 and specificity ≥ 0.90 for detecting foreign-born status, with higher sensitivity among CC and PC cases (≥ 0.94). The misclassification error was less than 10% for CC and PC and was only slightly higher for CRC. Another proposed strategy, which imputes nativity based on date of receipt of a social security number (SSN), has a sensitivity of 0.81 and specificity of 0.80 for detecting foreign-born status among Asians with invasive breast cancer. While we did not evaluate the same population, our data suggest that the proposed MI by logistic regression strategy may more accurately impute nativity status among the high proportion of SEER cases missing these data. Additionally, the strategy uses variables available in the SEER database and is thus significantly less labor-intensive than the SSN method, as SSN is not reported in SEER. Use of the MI strategy will allow researchers to disaggregate analyses by nativity and uncover important nativity disparities in regard to cancer diagnosis, treatment, and survival. Citation Format: Jane R. Montealegre, Renke Zhou, E. Susan Amirian, Michele Follen, Michael E. Scheurer. Uncovering nativity disparities in cancer patterns: A multiple imputation strategy to handle missing nativity data in the SEER database. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A09.

Abstract ED03-05: Innovative technology development to advance biospecimen science.

Abstract In 1998, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) established the groundwork for a highly successful program focused on innovative technology development to overcome persistent barriers for cancer researchers and clinicians. Unlike other initiatives of the time, the Innovative Molecular Analysis Technologies (IMAT) Program solicited only the most cutting-edge ideas, thus restricting its application pool to those projects that had the potential to be truly transformative. By doing so, the program filled a void that no other program at the NCI or NIH filled at the time. In 2005, the IMAT program introduced an additional focus on supporting innovative technology development that uniquely advanced the field of biospecimen science. Technologies supported by this mechanism have seen a disproportionately high level of success. The IMAT program continues to represent a unique resource for highly innovative technology development, but runs alongside several active programs at the NCI for supporting cancer-relevant technologies. The full reauthorization of the IMAT program in fall of 2011 by the NCI for 2012-2013 demonstrates a significant commitment, especially under ever tightening fiscal constraints, to supporting innovative technology development for cancer research and clinical care. The IMAT program utilizes unique funding mechanisms to better support investigators through both the early and advanced stages of technology development over traditional funding mechanisms for exploratory research. Moreover, receipt of an IMAT award offers membership to a truly unique community of investigators that meet annually to share progress and exchange ideas. A variety of IMAT-supported research projects will be highlighted to demonstrate the variety and level of innovation evident in the IMAT portfolio of supported research. Potential projects of interest and identified technology gaps specific to the field of biospecimen science and with relevance to cancer health disparities will also be discussed. Currently available funding opportunity announcements are active with three receipt dates open through September, 2013. Enthusiasm from the NCI Board of Scientific Advisors and NCI leadership for the IMAT program indicates that these solicitations are likely to be active beyond these dates. Technology developers from all fields of research are encouraged to apply. Citation Format: Anthony Dickherber. Innovative technology development to advance biospecimen science. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr ED03-05.

Institutional Clinical and Translational Science Award (U54): RFA-TR-12-006

Components of Participating Organizations National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences Application Receipt Date(s): January 08, 2013 Advances in basic biological research continue to provide new opportunities for medical benefits in...

Correction: Global Diversity of Marine Isopods (Except Asellota and Crustacean Symbionts)

There were errors in the placement of Figures 1, 2, and 3. The figure currently labeled as Figure 1 is actually Figure 2. The figure currently labeled as Figure 2 is actually Figure 3. The figure currently labeled as Figure 3 is actually Figure 1. The legends are in the correct locations. The dates of receipt and acceptance of the manuscript are missing. They are: Received: March 1 2012, Accepted: July 23 2012.

Optimal Throughput of Secondary Users over Two Primary Channels in Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks

In this paper, we investigated the throughput of a cognitive radio network where two primary frequency channels (PCs) are sensed and opportunistically accessed by N secondary users. The sharing sensing member (SSM) protocol is introduced to sense both PCs simultaneously. According to the SSM protocol, N SUs (Secondary User) are divided into two groups, which allows for the simultaneous sensing of two PCs. With a frame structure, after determining whether the PCs are idle or active during a sensing slot, the SUs may use the remaining time to transmit their own data. The throughput of the network is formulated as a convex optimization problem. We then evaluated an iterative algorithm to allocate the optimal sensing time, fusion rule and the number of members in each group. The computer simulation and numerical results show that the proposed optimal allocation improves the throughput of the SU under a misdetection constraint to protect the PCs. If not, its initial date of receipt shall be nullified.

FUNCTION OF TYPE 1 DIABETES GENES (DP3): RFA-DK-11-019

Components of Participating Organizations National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Application Receipt Date(s): February 29, 2012 Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing...

P1-08-07: Survival in US Women Following an Indication of Metastatic Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Chemotherapy Initiation: A SEER-Medicare Analysis.

Abstract Objective: Use SEER-Medicare data to identify US women with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treated (tx) with chemotherapy (CTX) and evaluate survival. Methods: Key inclusion criteria were women diagnosed (dx) with breast cancer (BC) in 2001–2005 with 1) Medicare enrollment 12 mo prior to dx through follow-up (2008) or death; 2) an indication of tx with CTX at any time after initial BC diagnosis (any stage). Dx of MBC between 2001–2006. MBC dx date was defined as the initial BC dx date if the patient had “distant” disease at entry into SEER or the date of first appearance of secondary malignancy in claims data (ICD9 codes 197.0−198.1, 198.3−198.7, 198.82−198.89) during follow up, at least 2 mo after initial dx. CTX date was defined as the date of first receipt of a CTX agent commonly used to treat BC after the MBC date. Data on oral medications (e.g., most hormone therapies, capecitabine) were not available. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to describe survival after MBC dx (patients were censored at end of follow-up). Survival was assessed both from the date of MBC and receipt of first intravenous (IV) chemo. Subgroup analyses were performed based on age, type of MBC dx and estrogen receptor (ER) status. Results: Patient demographics and survival are shown in the table. Conclusions: Despite recent advances in treatment options, median survival following a dx of MBC is less than two years, and is approximately 16 months after start of IV CTX. Survival is shorter for patients who develop MBC after an initial breast cancer dx compared to those with MBC at diagnosis, and for those with ERnegative tumors. In order to improve clinical outcomes, it is critical to pursue a better understanding of tumor biology and appropriate use of new agents. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-08-07.